WO2019161574A1 - Safety prevention and control method and device for battery energy storage module - Google Patents

Safety prevention and control method and device for battery energy storage module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019161574A1
WO2019161574A1 PCT/CN2018/077293 CN2018077293W WO2019161574A1 WO 2019161574 A1 WO2019161574 A1 WO 2019161574A1 CN 2018077293 W CN2018077293 W CN 2018077293W WO 2019161574 A1 WO2019161574 A1 WO 2019161574A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
flame
energy storage
storage module
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/077293
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高飞
杨凯
刘超群
王康康
刘皓
范茂松
惠娜
张明杰
耿萌萌
Original Assignee
中国电力科学研究院有限公司
国家电网公司
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Application filed by 中国电力科学研究院有限公司, 国家电网公司 filed Critical 中国电力科学研究院有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/077293 priority Critical patent/WO2019161574A1/en
Priority to KR1020207027856A priority patent/KR102479561B1/en
Publication of WO2019161574A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161574A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the battery technology, in particular to a safety protection and control method and device for a battery energy storage module which is safe for a lithium ion battery.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are prone to danger under certain abuse conditions (such as overcharge, high temperature, short circuit, etc.), and thermal runaway occurs. During this process, the internal and surface temperatures of the battery suddenly rise to several hundred degrees, and the battery burns or explodes. The release of energy is completed, and eventually the battery burns out and may ignite other materials, causing a safety accident.
  • certain abuse conditions such as overcharge, high temperature, short circuit, etc.
  • the flame retardant material is mostly coated on the positive and negative pole pieces and the diaphragm inside the lithium ion battery, although it can partially slow down or inhibit the ignition of the lithium ion battery.
  • the shape and quality of the flame retardant material are affected.
  • the thickness of the coating layer is only 0.5-10 micrometers ( ⁇ m), resulting in a flame retardant effect, and at the same time,
  • the flame retardant coating is applied to the positive and negative electrodes or separators of the battery, which will inevitably affect the capacity, power performance or other electrical properties of the battery itself.
  • the related art also adds a flame retardant as an additive to an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery, in order to control or block the flame generated when the lithium ion battery is thermally out of control.
  • This technology also arranges a flame retardant material inside the battery, and the flame retardant effect It is affected and affects the ionic conductivity of the battery electrolyte, resulting in a decrease in battery electrical performance.
  • the related technology also encapsulates a lithium ion battery in a sealed rigid cavity, and an inert gas is introduced therein. Although it can effectively suppress the combustion of the lithium ion battery, the strength and sealing performance of the cavity are required to be high, and the rigidity is heavy. The outer casing, the cumbersome process and the high cost have limited the promotion and use of this method, and the inert gas alone cannot prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction of the battery.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a device for preventing and controlling a battery energy storage module, which can effectively ensure the safety of a battery energy storage module.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a security prevention and control method for a battery energy storage module, including:
  • the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is selected
  • a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat-insulating material is installed at a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module;
  • a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat insulating material is inserted into a contact surface between the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
  • the overcharge test is performed on the battery inside the battery energy storage module, including:
  • the battery is continuously charged with 1 to 10 times the power of the battery rated power until the battery breaks.
  • the overcharge test is performed on the battery inside the battery energy storage module, including:
  • the battery was heated at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery broke.
  • the battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, and a housing portion of the battery.
  • the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
  • the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
  • the heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the rupture port discharge material after the battery is ruptured, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is continuous for the duration of the rupture of the material at the rupture port. Not penetrated by ablation.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area of not less than an area of the contact surface.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for accommodating an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
  • the type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a security protection device for a battery energy storage module, including:
  • a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a rupture position of a battery inside the battery energy storage module
  • a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a contact surface between batteries inside a battery energy storage module
  • the battery rupture position is an overcharge test of the battery and a hot box test to determine a position at which the battery ruptures under overcharge conditions and hot box heating conditions;
  • the contact surface is selected according to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module, and the heat exchange effect between the batteries can be maximized.
  • the rupture position is that the battery is continuously charged with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
  • the rupture position is to heat the battery at a temperature increase rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius/minute until the battery is broken.
  • the battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, and a housing portion of the battery.
  • the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
  • the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
  • the heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the battery rupture material, and the flame-retardant heat insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is not ablated by the ablation time of the material discharged from the battery rupture port. .
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area of not less than an area of the contact surface.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for setting an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
  • the type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas through the through-hole after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
  • the flame retardant insulation device made of flame retardant insulation material prevents the high temperature flue gas of the battery from affecting the surrounding battery, and achieves the effect of "directional" prevention and control;
  • the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device with the matching structure can be designed to fully exert the heat insulation effect of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material to prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction;
  • the heat-insulating and flame-retardant material is disposed outside the battery as a separate part, and does not have any influence on the power, capacity or other electrical properties of the battery itself, and does not interfere with the battery group integration method, so that it is applied to the battery on a large scale. Safety protection and control of energy storage modules and systems is possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a security prevention and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4A-4C are schematic diagrams of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device provided in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 6B is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement and a rupture position of a lithium ion battery inside a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9B is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement and a rupture position of a lithium ion battery inside a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery energy storage module described in the embodiment of the invention has a plurality of batteries.
  • measures should be taken to prevent the lithium ion battery from being out of control and causing a chain reaction to burn the battery energy storage module.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a safety control device applied to a battery energy storage module, which is made of a flame retardant material, and the flame retardant material can not only block the heat released when the battery is out of control, but also prevent the battery from transmitting excessive temperature to the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a security prevention and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including steps 101 to 104, which are respectively described.
  • Step 101 Perform an overcharge test and a hot box test on the battery inside the battery energy storage module to determine the battery rupture position under the overcharge condition and the hot box heating condition.
  • an overcharge test is performed on a battery inside the battery energy storage module, including: continuously charging the battery with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
  • an overcharge test is performed on a battery inside the battery energy storage module, including: heating the battery at a temperature increase rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery is broken.
  • the rupture position of the battery can be any one of the above tests, or two at the same time; in order to make the rupture position statistically significant, the battery can be subjected to batch overcharge test and hot box test to count different rupture positions. The number of occurrences, and the position where the number of occurrences exceeds the threshold is selected as the rupture position where security is required.
  • an exemplary battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery; and of course, the rupture position is not limited thereto.
  • Step 102 Select a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the installation and arrangement of the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
  • the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following: a direct contact surface between the batteries in the case of direct contact, and a maximum relative area between the batteries in the case of direct contact. Part.
  • Step 103 Install a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat-insulating material at a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position to effectively block the battery from ejecting the material outward.
  • the flame-retardant heat insulating material includes a substrate, a flame retardant, a filler, and a functional auxiliary, and is not limited thereto; as an example, the heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than that after the battery is broken. The temperature of the material is ejected from the mouth, and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is not ablated and penetrated during the duration of the material ejected from the rupture port, thereby effectively achieving the safety against flame retardant and heat insulation. Control effect.
  • Step 104 inserting a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat insulating material on a contact surface between the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than the area of the contact surface, so that the outward conduction and diffusion of heat inside the battery can be effectively achieved by the contact surface.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on the side close to the battery for accommodating the air-cooled pipe or the liquid-cooled pipe;
  • the type of the groove includes at least one of the following: Square groove, circular groove, triangular groove; groove makes the heat generated by the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device in the normal working process of the battery to be discharged through the groove in the form of air flow and liquid cooling, without affecting the normal operation of the battery energy storage module. Thermal management in the state.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through-hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve, thereby effectively reducing the temperature inside the battery.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a safety protection device for the battery energy storage module, comprising: a flame retardant for setting a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module. Insulation device, and flame-retardant thermal insulation device for providing a contact surface between cells inside the battery energy storage module.
  • the battery rupture position is the battery overcharge test and the hot box test to determine the position of the battery under the overcharge condition and the hot box heating condition;
  • the contact surface is according to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module. The choice is to maximize the heat exchange between the batteries.
  • the rupture position is for continuously charging the battery with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
  • the rupture position is to heat the battery at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery is broken.
  • the battery rupture location includes at least one of: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery.
  • the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following: a direct contact surface between the batteries in the case of direct contact, and a maximum relative area between the batteries in the case of direct contact. Part.
  • the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a substrate, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary; the heat resistant temperature of the flame retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the battery bursting material, and the battery is broken at the mouth.
  • the flame retardant insulation of 1 to 10 mm thickness is not penetrated by ablation for the duration of the ejected material.
  • the flame-retardant thermal insulation device has a thickness of from 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than the area of the contact surface.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for setting an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
  • the types of the groove include: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove. .
  • the flame retardant thermal barrier device has a thickness of from 1 to 10 millimeters and is shaped to cover the rupture location.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through-hole, which enables the high-temperature gas inside the battery to be ejected through the explosion-proof valve and then discharged through the through-hole.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a safety protection device for a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module.
  • the battery shape is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the battery calibration capacity is 20 amp hours (Ah), and the battery ear is from the battery.
  • the same side of the casing is led out, the casing is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the cooling mode of the battery energy storage module is air-cooled.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of preparation of a security protection device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 201 to 203, which are respectively described below.
  • step 201 an overcharge test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, the current is 5 times of the rated current, and the battery is broken until the battery is broken, and the rupture position of the battery is determined.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the exemplary rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 31 and a battery housing portion 32, and the battery rupture position temperature is up to 900. °C, the material was ejected from the inside of the battery chamber for about 5 minutes (min).
  • Step 202 Determine a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the arrangement and installation of the batteries in the battery energy storage module.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement, installation, and rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing three lithium ion batteries, as an example, between two adjacent batteries.
  • the contact surface 33 serves as the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect.
  • Step 203 selecting a flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through by a heat-resistant temperature of 900 ° C and a thickness of 5 mm (mm) for 5 minutes, and the heat-exchange effect of the damaged portion of the battery according to step 201 and step 202 is the strongest.
  • the shape and size of the surface are prepared to prepare a flame retardant heat insulating device.
  • FIG. 4A to 4C are schematic views of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device provided in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4A shows a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 41 in a cover structure for covering a battery.
  • Explosion-proof valve FIG. 4B shows a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 42 of a sectional shape for combining with a corner portion of the battery case
  • FIG. 4C shows the side surface and the contact surface (ie, the heat exchange effect described above is the strongest). The contact surface) is in contact with the flame-retardant heat-insulating device 43.
  • the embodiment of the present invention designs and prepares a safety prevention and control device for a hard-packaged lithium ion battery energy storage module.
  • the battery shape is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the battery calibration capacity is 50 Ah, and the battery tab is led out on the same side.
  • the housing has an explosion-proof valve, and the cooling mode of the battery energy storage module is air-cooled.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the preparation of a security control device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 301 to 303, which are separately described below.
  • step 301 a hot box test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, and the heating rate is 20 ° C / min, and heating is performed until the battery is broken, and the rupture position of the battery is determined.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 61, and the battery rupture position temperature is up to 950 ° C, and the substance is sprayed from the inside of the battery chamber. 10min.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a square groove on a side close to the battery, and the heat generated during the normal operation of the battery is discharged through the groove in a timely manner by air flow or liquid cooling. Affects the thermal management of the battery energy storage module under normal working conditions.
  • Step 302 Determine a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the arrangement and installation of the batteries in the battery energy storage module.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing three lithium ion batteries, and the adjacent cells are connected by the side with the smallest area. According to the arrangement and installation of the battery shown in FIG. 6B, the contact surface 62 having the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is determined, which is the side of the maximum contact area between the batteries.
  • Step 303 using a heat-resistant temperature of 950 ° C, a thickness of 5 mm for 10 minutes to ablate the flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through, the damaged portion of the battery determined according to step 301 and the contact surface of the heat exchange effect determined by step 302 is the strongest. Shape and size, preparation of flame retardant insulation devices.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 71 disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device 71 is disposed between adjacent batteries in an inserted manner, and is flame-retardant.
  • the heat device 71 is provided with a liquid cooling pipe 711 near the battery side, and by discharging the liquid heat conductive medium in the liquid cooling pipe 711, the heat of the battery can be accelerated.
  • the embodiment of the invention designs and manufactures a safety protection device for a flexible packaging lithium ion battery energy storage module, the battery flexible packaging, the battery calibration capacity is 10 Ah, the battery ear is drawn on the same side, and the battery energy storage module is
  • the cooling method is liquid cooling.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of the preparation of a security control device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 401 to 403, which are respectively described below.
  • step 401 a hot box test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, the heating rate is 1 ° C / min, and heating is performed until the battery is broken, and the battery rupture position is determined.
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram showing a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 91, and the battery rupture position temperature is at most 700 ° C, and the material is sprayed from the inside of the battery chamber. 10min.
  • step 402 according to the arrangement and installation of the battery, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is selected.
  • 9B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing two lithium ion batteries, and the adjacent batteries are connected by the side with the largest area, according to the battery.
  • the arrangement and installation determine the contact surface 92 with the strongest heat exchange between the cells, that is, the side with the largest contact area between the cells.
  • Step 403 using a heat-resistant temperature of 700 ° C, a thickness of 1 mm for 10 minutes to ablate the flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through, the damaged portion of the battery determined according to step 401 and the contact surface of the heat exchange effect determined by step 402 is the strongest. Shape and size, preparation of flame retardant insulation devices.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device 101 can nest an edge portion of the battery case to effectively prevent an edge portion of the battery case.
  • the local temperature is too high and the material is ejected at the time of rupture.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device 102 is disposed between adjacent batteries in an inserted manner, and is flame-retardant and heat-insulated.
  • a liquid cooling pipe 101 is disposed on a side of the device 101 close to the battery, and the heat of the battery can be accelerated in the flame-retardant heat insulating device 102 by filling the liquid heat-conducting medium in the liquid-cooling pipe 1021.
  • the device made of flame retardant insulation material prevents the high temperature flue gas of the battery from affecting the surrounding battery, and achieves the effect of "directional" prevention and control;
  • the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device with the matching structure can be designed to fully exert the heat insulation effect of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material to prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction;
  • the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a groove on the side close to the surface of the battery, so that the heat generated by the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device in the normal working process of the battery can be discharged through the groove in the form of air flow and liquid cooling, without affecting the battery. Thermal management of the energy storage module under normal working conditions;
  • the flame retardant material is disposed outside the battery as a separate part, which does not have any influence on the power, capacity or other electrical properties of the battery itself, and does not cause interference to the battery group integration method, so that it is applied to the battery on a large scale. Safety protection and control of energy storage modules and systems is possible.

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Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a safety prevention and control method and device for a battery energy storage module. The method comprises: performing an overcharge test and a hot-box test on a battery in the battery energy storage module, and determining a rupture position of the battery at an overcharge condition and a hot-box heating condition; selecting a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the installation and arrangement modes of the battery in the battery energy storage module; installing a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating material at the rupture position of the battery in the battery energy storage module; and inserting the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device made of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material on the contact surface between the batteries in the battery energy storage module.

Description

一种电池储能模块的安全防控方法及器件Safety prevention and control method and device for battery energy storage module 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于电池技术，尤其涉及锂离子电池安全的电池储能模块的安全防控方法及器件。The invention belongs to the battery technology, in particular to a safety protection and control method and device for a battery energy storage module which is safe for a lithium ion battery.
背景技术Background technique
随着锂离子电池的广泛应用，近年来因锂离子电池引发的火灾事故时有发生，锂离子电池的火灾危险性逐渐显现，国内外多次发生有影响的火灾事故，并引发相关产品的大规模召回，使与锂离子电池有关的企业、行业均带来了重大的直接经济损失。With the wide application of lithium-ion batteries, fire accidents caused by lithium-ion batteries have occurred in recent years, and the fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries has gradually appeared. Many influential fire accidents have occurred at home and abroad, and the related products have been triggered. The scale recall has brought significant direct economic losses to enterprises and industries related to lithium-ion batteries.
锂离子电池在某些滥用条件下(如过充、高温、短路等)容易出现危险，发生热失控，此过程中电池的内部和表面温度会骤然上升至几百度，电池以燃烧或爆炸的形式完成能量的释放，最终电池烧毁并可能引燃其他材料，造成安全事故。Lithium-ion batteries are prone to danger under certain abuse conditions (such as overcharge, high temperature, short circuit, etc.), and thermal runaway occurs. During this process, the internal and surface temperatures of the battery suddenly rise to several hundred degrees, and the battery burns or explodes. The release of energy is completed, and eventually the battery burns out and may ignite other materials, causing a safety accident.
相关技术提供的锂离子电池，阻燃材料多以涂覆的方式涂覆在锂离子电池内部的正负极极片、隔膜上，虽然能对锂离子电池的起火燃烧起到部分减缓或遏制作用，但由于其布置于电池内部有限的空间内，阻燃材料的形状和质量都受到影响，一般涂覆层厚度仅为0.5-10微米(μm)，导致阻燃效果并不理想，同时，由于阻燃涂层涂覆与电池正负极片或隔膜上，势必会对电池本身容量、功率性能或其他电学性能造成影响。The lithium ion battery provided by the related art, the flame retardant material is mostly coated on the positive and negative pole pieces and the diaphragm inside the lithium ion battery, although it can partially slow down or inhibit the ignition of the lithium ion battery. However, due to its arrangement in a limited space inside the battery, the shape and quality of the flame retardant material are affected. Generally, the thickness of the coating layer is only 0.5-10 micrometers (μm), resulting in a flame retardant effect, and at the same time, The flame retardant coating is applied to the positive and negative electrodes or separators of the battery, which will inevitably affect the capacity, power performance or other electrical properties of the battery itself.
相关技术还将阻燃剂作为添加剂添加到锂离子电池的电解液中，以期望控制或阻断锂离子电池热失控时产生的火焰，这种技术同样于电池内部布置阻燃材料，阻燃效果受到影响，且会对电池电解液的离子电导率造成影响，从而导致电池电学性能下降。The related art also adds a flame retardant as an additive to an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery, in order to control or block the flame generated when the lithium ion battery is thermally out of control. This technology also arranges a flame retardant material inside the battery, and the flame retardant effect It is affected and affects the ionic conductivity of the battery electrolyte, resulting in a decrease in battery electrical performance.
相关技术还将锂离子电池封装于密闭的刚性腔体中，内部通入惰性气体，虽然能够有效遏制锂离子电池发生燃烧，但对腔体的强度和密封性能要求都较高，且沉重的刚性外壳、繁琐的过程以及较高的成本都使得这种方法的推广和使用受到了限制，而且仅靠惰性气体无法防止电池热失控连锁反应发生。The related technology also encapsulates a lithium ion battery in a sealed rigid cavity, and an inert gas is introduced therein. Although it can effectively suppress the combustion of the lithium ion battery, the strength and sealing performance of the cavity are required to be high, and the rigidity is heavy. The outer casing, the cumbersome process and the high cost have limited the promotion and use of this method, and the inert gas alone cannot prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction of the battery.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种电池储能模块的安全防控方法及器件，能够实现有效保障电池储能模块的安全。Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a device for preventing and controlling a battery energy storage module, which can effectively ensure the safety of a battery energy storage module.
本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:
本发明实施例提供一种电池储能模块的安全防控方法，包括：Embodiments of the present invention provide a security prevention and control method for a battery energy storage module, including:
对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定所述电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下的电池破裂位置；Performing an overcharge test and a hot box test on the battery inside the battery energy storage module to determine the battery rupture position of the battery under overcharge conditions and hot box heating conditions;
根据所述电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式，选择电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面；According to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is selected;
在所述电池储能模块内部的电池的破裂位置，安装阻燃隔热材料制作的阻燃隔热器件；a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat-insulating material is installed at a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module;
在所述电池储能模块内部的电池之间的接触面，插入阻燃隔热材料制作的阻燃隔热器件。A flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat insulating material is inserted into a contact surface between the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
上述方案中，所述对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：In the above solution, the overcharge test is performed on the battery inside the battery energy storage module, including:
采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对所述电池持续充电，直至所述电池破裂。The battery is continuously charged with 1 to 10 times the power of the battery rated power until the battery breaks.
上述方案中，所述对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：In the above solution, the overcharge test is performed on the battery inside the battery energy storage module, including:
采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至所述电池破裂。The battery was heated at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery broke.
上述方案中，所述电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：所述电池的防爆阀部位，所述电池的壳体部位。In the above solution, the battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, and a housing portion of the battery.
上述方案中，所述电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：In the above solution, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
直接接触情况下所述电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下所述电池之间相对面积最大的部位。The direct contact surface between the cells in the case of direct contact, the portion having the largest relative area between the cells in the case of indirect contact.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂；In the above solution, the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
所述阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于所述电池破裂后破裂口喷出物质的温度，并且在所述破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透。The heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the rupture port discharge material after the battery is ruptured, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is continuous for the duration of the rupture of the material at the rupture port. Not penetrated by ablation.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于所述接触面的面积。In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area of not less than an area of the contact surface.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件在贴近所述电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于容置风冷管道或液冷管道；In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for accommodating an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
所述凹槽的类型包括以下至少之一：方形槽，圆形槽和三角形槽。The type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住所述破裂位置。In the above aspect, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，用于当所述电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，将所述高温气体定向排出。In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
本发明实施例提供一种电池储能模块的安全防控器件，包括：Embodiments of the present invention provide a security protection device for a battery energy storage module, including:
用于设置在电池储能模块内部电池的破裂位置的阻燃隔热器件，以及，a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a rupture position of a battery inside the battery energy storage module, and
用于设置在电池储能模块内部电池之间的接触面的阻燃隔热器件；a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a contact surface between batteries inside a battery energy storage module;
其中，所述电池破裂位置是对所述电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定所述电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下发生破裂的位置；Wherein the battery rupture position is an overcharge test of the battery and a hot box test to determine a position at which the battery ruptures under overcharge conditions and hot box heating conditions;
其中，所述接触面为根据所述电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式选择，能够使所述电池之间热交换效果最强。Wherein, the contact surface is selected according to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module, and the heat exchange effect between the batteries can be maximized.
上述方案中，所述破裂位置为采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对所述电池持续充电，直至所述电池破裂的位置。In the above solution, the rupture position is that the battery is continuously charged with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
上述方案中，所述破裂位置为采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至所述电池破裂的位置。In the above scheme, the rupture position is to heat the battery at a temperature increase rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius/minute until the battery is broken.
上述方案中，所述电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：所述电池的防爆阀部位，所述电池的壳体部位。In the above solution, the battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, and a housing portion of the battery.
上述方案中，所述电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：In the above solution, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
直接接触情况下所述电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下所述电池之间相对面积最大的部位。The direct contact surface between the cells in the case of direct contact, the portion having the largest relative area between the cells in the case of indirect contact.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂；In the above solution, the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
所述阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于电池破裂喷出物质的温度，并且在电池破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透。The heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the battery rupture material, and the flame-retardant heat insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is not ablated by the ablation time of the material discharged from the battery rupture port. .
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于所述接触面的面积。In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area of not less than an area of the contact surface.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件在贴近所述电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于设置风冷管道或液冷管道；In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for setting an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
所述凹槽的类型包括以下至少之一：方形槽，圆形槽和三角形槽。The type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住所述破裂位置。In the above aspect, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
上述方案中，所述阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，用于当所述电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，将所述高温气体通过所述贯通孔定向排出。In the above solution, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas through the through-hole after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
本发明实施例具有以下有益效果：Embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
根据电池安全试验确定电池容易破损的部位，采用阻燃隔热材料制成的阻燃隔热器件防止电池高温烟气对周围电池的影响，达到“定向”防控的效果；According to the battery safety test to determine the vulnerable parts of the battery, the flame retardant insulation device made of flame retardant insulation material prevents the high temperature flue gas of the battery from affecting the surrounding battery, and achieves the effect of "directional" prevention and control;
根据电池破损部位设计相适配结构的阻燃隔热器件，能够充分发挥阻燃隔热材料的隔热效果，防止发生热失控连锁反应；According to the damaged part of the battery, the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device with the matching structure can be designed to fully exert the heat insulation effect of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material to prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction;
隔热阻燃材料作为独立的部分布置于电池外部，不会对电池本身的功率、容量或其他电学性能产生任何影响，也不会对电池成组集成方式造成干扰，使得其大规模应用于电池储能模块及系统的安全防控成为可能。The heat-insulating and flame-retardant material is disposed outside the battery as a separate part, and does not have any influence on the power, capacity or other electrical properties of the battery itself, and does not interfere with the battery group integration method, so that it is applied to the battery on a large scale. Safety protection and control of energy storage modules and systems is possible.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明实施例提供的安全防控方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a security prevention and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图；2 is a schematic flow chart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3A是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图；3A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3B是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列以及破裂位置的示意图；FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图4A至图4C是本发明实施例提供在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图；4A-4C are schematic diagrams of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device provided in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例提供的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图6A是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图；6A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6B是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列以及破裂位置的示意图；6B is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement and a rupture position of a lithium ion battery inside a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8是本发明实施例提供的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图；8 is a schematic flow chart of preparation of a security control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9A是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图；9A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9B是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列以及破裂位置的示意图；9B is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement and a rupture position of a lithium ion battery inside a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10A是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图；10A is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10B是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图。FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所提供的实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the examples are provided to illustrate the invention and not to limit the invention.
本发明实施例记载的电池储能模块中有多个电池，当单体电池的热失控不可避免时，应采取措施阻止锂离子电池热失控出现连锁反应烧毁电池储能模块。本发明实施例提供应用于电池储能模块的安全防控器件，其采用阻燃材料制成，阻燃材料不仅能够阻断电池热失控时释放出的热量，防止电池将过高的温度传播给周围的其他电池；而且还能够抑制火焰的传播，极大的降低或控制了由燃烧带来的一系列安全事故；同时，通过合理的布置，一定形状和数量的阻燃材料还能够衰减电池爆炸时带来的能量冲击，最大限度的保护周围电池以及相关人员设备的安全。The battery energy storage module described in the embodiment of the invention has a plurality of batteries. When the thermal runaway of the single battery is unavoidable, measures should be taken to prevent the lithium ion battery from being out of control and causing a chain reaction to burn the battery energy storage module. The embodiment of the invention provides a safety control device applied to a battery energy storage module, which is made of a flame retardant material, and the flame retardant material can not only block the heat released when the battery is out of control, but also prevent the battery from transmitting excessive temperature to the battery. Other batteries around; it also suppresses the propagation of flames, greatly reducing or controlling a series of safety accidents caused by combustion; at the same time, through reasonable arrangement, certain shapes and quantities of flame retardant materials can also attenuate battery explosions. The energy impact brought by the time to maximize the protection of the surrounding battery and related personnel equipment.
参见图1，是本发明实施例提供的安全防控方法的流程示意图，包括步骤101至步骤104，分别进行说明。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a security prevention and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including steps 101 to 104, which are respectively described.
步骤101，对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下的电池破裂位置。Step 101: Perform an overcharge test and a hot box test on the battery inside the battery energy storage module to determine the battery rupture position under the overcharge condition and the hot box heating condition.
在本发明一些实施例中，对于过充试验而言，对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对电池持续 充电，直至电池破裂。In some embodiments of the invention, for an overcharge test, an overcharge test is performed on a battery inside the battery energy storage module, including: continuously charging the battery with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
在本发明一些实施例中，对于热箱试验而言，对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至电池破裂。In some embodiments of the invention, for a hot box test, an overcharge test is performed on a battery inside the battery energy storage module, including: heating the battery at a temperature increase rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery is broken.
可以理解，电池的破裂位置可以采用以上试验的任意一种，或者同时采用两种；为了使破裂位置具有统计学意义，可以对电池进行批量化的过充试验和热箱试验，统计不同破裂位置的出现次数，并选择出现次数超出次数阈值的位置为需要进行安全防控的破裂位置。It can be understood that the rupture position of the battery can be any one of the above tests, or two at the same time; in order to make the rupture position statistically significant, the battery can be subjected to batch overcharge test and hot box test to count different rupture positions. The number of occurrences, and the position where the number of occurrences exceeds the threshold is selected as the rupture position where security is required.
例如，示例性的电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：电池的防爆阀部位，电池的壳体部位；当然，破裂位置不局限于此。For example, an exemplary battery rupture position includes at least one of the following: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery; and of course, the rupture position is not limited thereto.
步骤102，根据电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式，选择电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面。Step 102: Select a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the installation and arrangement of the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
在本发明一些实施例中，电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：直接接触情况下电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下电池之间相对面积最大的部位。In some embodiments of the present invention, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following: a direct contact surface between the batteries in the case of direct contact, and a maximum relative area between the batteries in the case of direct contact. Part.
步骤103，在电池储能模块内部的电池的破裂位置，安装阻燃隔热材料制作的阻燃隔热器件。Step 103: Install a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat-insulating material at a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住破裂位置，以有效阻挡电池向外喷射物质。In some embodiments of the invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position to effectively block the battery from ejecting the material outward.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂，当然不局限于此；作为示例，阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于电池破裂后破裂口喷出物质的温度，并且在破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透，从而能够有效地实现阻燃和隔热的安全防控效果。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat insulating material includes a substrate, a flame retardant, a filler, and a functional auxiliary, and is not limited thereto; as an example, the heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than that after the battery is broken. The temperature of the material is ejected from the mouth, and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is not ablated and penetrated during the duration of the material ejected from the rupture port, thereby effectively achieving the safety against flame retardant and heat insulation. Control effect.
步骤104，在电池储能模块内部的电池之间的接触面，插入阻燃隔热材 料制作的阻燃隔热器件。 Step 104, inserting a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat insulating material on a contact surface between the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于接触面的面积，从而通过接触面能够有效地实现电池内部的热量的向外传导和扩散。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than the area of the contact surface, so that the outward conduction and diffusion of heat inside the battery can be effectively achieved by the contact surface.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件在贴近电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于容置风冷管道或液冷管道；示例性地，凹槽的类型包括以下至少之一：方形槽，圆形槽，三角形槽；凹槽使阻燃隔热器件能够在电池正常工作过程中产生的热量及时通过凹槽以空气流动、液冷的方式排出，不影响电池储能模块正常工作状态下的热管理。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on the side close to the battery for accommodating the air-cooled pipe or the liquid-cooled pipe; exemplarily, the type of the groove includes at least one of the following: Square groove, circular groove, triangular groove; groove makes the heat generated by the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device in the normal working process of the battery to be discharged through the groove in the form of air flow and liquid cooling, without affecting the normal operation of the battery energy storage module. Thermal management in the state.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，用于当电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，将高温气体定向排出，有效降低电池内部的温度。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through-hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve, thereby effectively reducing the temperature inside the battery.
根据上文记载的电池储能模块的安全防控方法，本发明实施例提供一种电池储能模块的安全防控器件，包括：用于设置在电池储能模块内部电池的破裂位置的阻燃隔热器件，以及，用于设置在电池储能模块内部电池之间的接触面的阻燃隔热器件。According to the security prevention and control method of the battery energy storage module, the embodiment of the invention provides a safety protection device for the battery energy storage module, comprising: a flame retardant for setting a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module. Insulation device, and flame-retardant thermal insulation device for providing a contact surface between cells inside the battery energy storage module.
其中，电池破裂位置是对电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下发生破裂的位置；接触面为根据电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式选择，能够使电池之间热交换效果最强。Among them, the battery rupture position is the battery overcharge test and the hot box test to determine the position of the battery under the overcharge condition and the hot box heating condition; the contact surface is according to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module. The choice is to maximize the heat exchange between the batteries.
在本发明一些实施例中，破裂位置为采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对电池持续充电，直至电池破裂的位置。In some embodiments of the invention, the rupture position is for continuously charging the battery with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
在本发明一些实施例中，破裂位置为采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至电池破裂的位置。In some embodiments of the invention, the rupture position is to heat the battery at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery is broken.
在本发明一些实施例中，电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：电池的防爆阀部位，电池的壳体部位。In some embodiments of the invention, the battery rupture location includes at least one of: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery.
在本发明一些实施例中，电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：直接接触情况下电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下电池之间相对面积最大的部位。In some embodiments of the present invention, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following: a direct contact surface between the batteries in the case of direct contact, and a maximum relative area between the batteries in the case of direct contact. Part.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂；阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于电池破裂喷出物质的温度，并且在电池破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a substrate, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary; the heat resistant temperature of the flame retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the battery bursting material, and the battery is broken at the mouth. The flame retardant insulation of 1 to 10 mm thickness is not penetrated by ablation for the duration of the ejected material.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于接触面的面积。In some embodiments of the invention, the flame-retardant thermal insulation device has a thickness of from 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than the area of the contact surface.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件在贴近电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于设置风冷管道或液冷管道；凹槽的类型包括：方形槽，圆形槽，三角形槽。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for setting an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe; the types of the groove include: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove. .
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住破裂位置。In some embodiments of the invention, the flame retardant thermal barrier device has a thickness of from 1 to 10 millimeters and is shaped to cover the rupture location.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，能使电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，再通过贯通孔定向排出。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through-hole, which enables the high-temperature gas inside the battery to be ejected through the explosion-proof valve and then discharged through the through-hole.
下面，再结合示例性的应用继续说明本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块的安全防控方法以及器件。The method and device for preventing and controlling the battery energy storage module provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the exemplary application.
在一个示例性的应用中，本发明实施例为电池储能模块中的锂离子电池制备安全防控器件，电池形状为长方体型，电池标定容量20安培小时(Ah)，电池的极耳从电池壳体的同侧引出，壳体设置有防爆阀，电池储能模块的冷却方式为风冷。In an exemplary application, the embodiment of the invention provides a safety protection device for a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module. The battery shape is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the battery calibration capacity is 20 amp hours (Ah), and the battery ear is from the battery. The same side of the casing is led out, the casing is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the cooling mode of the battery energy storage module is air-cooled.
参见图2，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图，主要包括步骤201至步骤203，下面分别进行说明。2 is a schematic flowchart of preparation of a security protection device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 201 to 203, which are respectively described below.
步骤201，使用电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，电流为额定电 流的5倍，充电直到电池破裂为止，确定电池的破裂位置。In step 201, an overcharge test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, the current is 5 times of the rated current, and the battery is broken until the battery is broken, and the rupture position of the battery is determined.
参见图3A，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图，示例性的破裂位置为电池防爆阀31和电池的壳体部位32，电池破裂位置温度最高900℃，从电池腔内向外喷射物质约5分钟(min)。3A is a schematic diagram of a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The exemplary rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 31 and a battery housing portion 32, and the battery rupture position temperature is up to 900. °C, the material was ejected from the inside of the battery chamber for about 5 minutes (min).
步骤202，根据电池储能模块中电池的排列方式和安装，确定电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面。Step 202: Determine a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the arrangement and installation of the batteries in the battery energy storage module.
参见图3B，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列方式、安装以及破裂位置的示意图，示出了3个锂离子电池，作为示例，相邻两个电池之间的接触面33作为热交换效果最强的接触面。FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement, installation, and rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing three lithium ion batteries, as an example, between two adjacent batteries. The contact surface 33 serves as the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect.
步骤203，选用耐热温度900℃，5毫米(mm)厚度下持续5min烧蚀不被烧穿的阻燃隔热材料，根据步骤201的电池破损部位和步骤202的热交换效果最强的接触面的形状尺寸，制备阻燃隔热器件。 Step 203, selecting a flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through by a heat-resistant temperature of 900 ° C and a thickness of 5 mm (mm) for 5 minutes, and the heat-exchange effect of the damaged portion of the battery according to step 201 and step 202 is the strongest. The shape and size of the surface are prepared to prepare a flame retardant heat insulating device.
参见图4A至图4C，是本发明实施例提供在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图，图4A示出了呈盖状结构的阻燃隔热器件41，用于遮盖电池防爆阀，图4B示出了断面为拐型的阻燃隔热器件42，用于与电池壳体的拐角部分结合，图4C示出了侧面与接触面(即前文记载的热交换效果最强的接触面)相接触的阻燃隔热器件43。4A to 4C are schematic views of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device provided in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4A shows a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 41 in a cover structure for covering a battery. Explosion-proof valve, FIG. 4B shows a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 42 of a sectional shape for combining with a corner portion of the battery case, and FIG. 4C shows the side surface and the contact surface (ie, the heat exchange effect described above is the strongest). The contact surface) is in contact with the flame-retardant heat-insulating device 43.
在一个示例性的应用中，本发明实施例为一款硬壳包装锂离子电池储能模块设计并制备安全防控器件，电池形状为长方体型，电池标定容量50Ah，电池极耳同侧引出，壳体有防爆阀，电池储能模块的冷却方式为风冷。In an exemplary application, the embodiment of the present invention designs and prepares a safety prevention and control device for a hard-packaged lithium ion battery energy storage module. The battery shape is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the battery calibration capacity is 50 Ah, and the battery tab is led out on the same side. The housing has an explosion-proof valve, and the cooling mode of the battery energy storage module is air-cooled.
参见图5，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图，主要包括步骤301至步骤303，下面分别进行说明。FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the preparation of a security control device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 301 to 303, which are separately described below.
步骤301，使用电池储能模块内部的电池进行热箱试验，升温速率为20℃/min，加热直到电池破裂为止，确定电池的破裂位置。In step 301, a hot box test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, and the heating rate is 20 ° C / min, and heating is performed until the battery is broken, and the rupture position of the battery is determined.
参见图6A，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图，破裂位置为电池防爆阀61，电池破裂位置温度最高950℃，从电池腔内向外喷射物质约10min。6A is a schematic diagram showing a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 61, and the battery rupture position temperature is up to 950 ° C, and the substance is sprayed from the inside of the battery chamber. 10min.
在本发明一些实施例中，阻燃隔热器件用于贴近电池的一侧开设有方形凹槽，在电池正常工作过程中产生的热量及时通过凹槽以空气流动、液冷的方式排出，不影响电池储能模块正常工作状态下的热管理。In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a square groove on a side close to the battery, and the heat generated during the normal operation of the battery is discharged through the groove in a timely manner by air flow or liquid cooling. Affects the thermal management of the battery energy storage module under normal working conditions.
步骤302，根据电池储能模块中电池的排列方式和安装，确定电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面。Step 302: Determine a contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries according to the arrangement and installation of the batteries in the battery energy storage module.
参见图6B，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列以及破裂位置的示意图，示出了3个锂离子电池，相邻的电池之间以面积最小的侧面连接，根据图6B示出的电池的排列方式和安装，确定电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面62，为电池之间最大接触面积的侧面。6B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing three lithium ion batteries, and the adjacent cells are connected by the side with the smallest area. According to the arrangement and installation of the battery shown in FIG. 6B, the contact surface 62 having the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is determined, which is the side of the maximum contact area between the batteries.
步骤303，选用耐热温度950℃，5mm厚度下持续10min烧蚀不被烧穿的阻燃隔热材料，根据步骤301确定的电池破损部位和步骤302确定的热交换效果最强的接触面的形状和尺寸，制备阻燃隔热器件。 Step 303, using a heat-resistant temperature of 950 ° C, a thickness of 5 mm for 10 minutes to ablate the flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through, the damaged portion of the battery determined according to step 301 and the contact surface of the heat exchange effect determined by step 302 is the strongest. Shape and size, preparation of flame retardant insulation devices.
参见图7，是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件71的示意图，阻燃隔热器件71以插入的方式设置在相邻的电池之间，阻燃隔热器件71靠近电池一侧设置有液冷管道711，通过在液冷管道711中灌装液态的导热介质，能够加速电池的热量的排出。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device 71 disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flame-retardant heat-insulating device 71 is disposed between adjacent batteries in an inserted manner, and is flame-retardant. The heat device 71 is provided with a liquid cooling pipe 711 near the battery side, and by discharging the liquid heat conductive medium in the liquid cooling pipe 711, the heat of the battery can be accelerated.
在一个示例性的应用中，本发明实施例为一款软包装锂离子电池储能模块设计并制备安全防控器件，电池软包装，电池标定容量10Ah，电池极耳同侧引出，电池储能模块的冷却方式为液冷。In an exemplary application, the embodiment of the invention designs and manufactures a safety protection device for a flexible packaging lithium ion battery energy storage module, the battery flexible packaging, the battery calibration capacity is 10 Ah, the battery ear is drawn on the same side, and the battery energy storage module is The cooling method is liquid cooling.
参见图8，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块的安全防控器件的制备的流程示意图，主要包括步骤401至步骤403，下面分别进行说明。FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of the preparation of a security control device for a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes steps 401 to 403, which are respectively described below.
步骤401，使用电池储能模块内部的电池进行热箱试验，升温速率为1℃ /min，加热直到电池破裂为止，确定电池破裂位置。In step 401, a hot box test is performed using a battery inside the battery energy storage module, the heating rate is 1 ° C / min, and heating is performed until the battery is broken, and the battery rupture position is determined.
参见图9A，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块中的锂离子电池的破裂位置的示意图，破裂位置为电池防爆阀91，电池破裂位置温度最高700℃，从电池腔内向外喷射物质约10min。9A is a schematic diagram showing a rupture position of a lithium ion battery in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rupture position is a battery explosion-proof valve 91, and the battery rupture position temperature is at most 700 ° C, and the material is sprayed from the inside of the battery chamber. 10min.
步骤402，根据电池的排列方式和安装，选出电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面。In step 402, according to the arrangement and installation of the battery, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is selected.
参见图9B，是本发明实施例提供的电池储能模块内部的锂离子电池的排列以及破裂位置的示意图，示出了2个锂离子电池，相邻的电池以面积最大的侧面连接，根据电池的排列方式和安装，确定电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面92，即电池之间接触面积最大的侧面。9B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement and the rupture position of the lithium ion battery inside the battery energy storage module according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing two lithium ion batteries, and the adjacent batteries are connected by the side with the largest area, according to the battery. The arrangement and installation determine the contact surface 92 with the strongest heat exchange between the cells, that is, the side with the largest contact area between the cells.
步骤403，选用耐热温度700℃，1mm厚度下持续10min烧蚀不被烧穿的阻燃隔热材料，根据步骤401确定的电池破损部位和步骤402确定的热交换效果最强的接触面的形状和尺寸，制备阻燃隔热器件。 Step 403, using a heat-resistant temperature of 700 ° C, a thickness of 1 mm for 10 minutes to ablate the flame-retardant heat-insulating material that is not burned through, the damaged portion of the battery determined according to step 401 and the contact surface of the heat exchange effect determined by step 402 is the strongest. Shape and size, preparation of flame retardant insulation devices.
参见图10A，是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图，阻燃隔热器件101能够嵌套电池壳体的边缘部位，有效防止电池壳体边缘部位的局部温度过高以及破裂时物质喷射。10A is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flame-retardant heat-insulating device 101 can nest an edge portion of the battery case to effectively prevent an edge portion of the battery case. The local temperature is too high and the material is ejected at the time of rupture.
参见图10B，是本发明实施例提供的在电池储能模块中设置的阻燃隔热器件的示意图，阻燃隔热器件102以插入的方式设置在相邻的电池之间，阻燃隔热器件101靠近电池的一侧设置有液冷管道101，通过在液冷管道1021灌装液态的导热介质，能够加速电池的热量在阻燃隔热器件102中排出。FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of a flame-retardant and heat-insulating device disposed in a battery energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flame-retardant heat-insulating device 102 is disposed between adjacent batteries in an inserted manner, and is flame-retardant and heat-insulated. A liquid cooling pipe 101 is disposed on a side of the device 101 close to the battery, and the heat of the battery can be accelerated in the flame-retardant heat insulating device 102 by filling the liquid heat-conducting medium in the liquid-cooling pipe 1021.
综上所述，本发明实施例具有以下有益效果：In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
1)根据电池安全试验确定电池容易破损的部位，采用阻燃隔热材料制成的器件防止电池高温烟气对周围电池的影响，达到“定向”防控的效果；1) According to the battery safety test to determine the vulnerable parts of the battery, the device made of flame retardant insulation material prevents the high temperature flue gas of the battery from affecting the surrounding battery, and achieves the effect of "directional" prevention and control;
2)根据电池破损部位设计相适配结构的阻燃隔热器件，能够充分发挥 阻燃隔热材料的隔热效果，防止发生热失控连锁反应；2) According to the damaged part of the battery, the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device with the matching structure can be designed to fully exert the heat insulation effect of the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material to prevent the thermal runaway chain reaction;
3)阻燃隔热器件贴近电池表面一侧留有凹槽，使阻燃隔热器件能够在电池正常工作过程中产生的热量及时通过凹槽以空气流动、液冷的方式排出，不影响电池储能模块正常工作状态下的热管理；3) The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a groove on the side close to the surface of the battery, so that the heat generated by the flame-retardant and heat-insulating device in the normal working process of the battery can be discharged through the groove in the form of air flow and liquid cooling, without affecting the battery. Thermal management of the energy storage module under normal working conditions;
4)阻燃材料作为独立的部分布置于电池外部，不会对电池本身的功率、容量或其他电学性能产生任何影响，也不会对电池成组集成方式造成干扰，使得其大规模应用于电池储能模块及系统的安全防控成为可能。4) The flame retardant material is disposed outside the battery as a separate part, which does not have any influence on the power, capacity or other electrical properties of the battery itself, and does not cause interference to the battery group integration method, so that it is applied to the battery on a large scale. Safety protection and control of energy storage modules and systems is possible.
以上所述，仅为本发明的实施例，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和范围之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池储能模块的安全防控方法，包括：A method for safety prevention and control of a battery energy storage module, comprising:
    对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定所述电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下的电池破裂位置；Performing an overcharge test and a hot box test on the battery inside the battery energy storage module to determine the battery rupture position of the battery under overcharge conditions and hot box heating conditions;
    根据所述电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式，选择电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面；According to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module, the contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries is selected;
    在所述电池储能模块内部的电池的破裂位置，安装阻燃隔热材料制作的阻燃隔热器件；a flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat-insulating material is installed at a rupture position of the battery inside the battery energy storage module;
    在所述电池储能模块内部的电池之间的接触面，插入阻燃隔热材料制作的阻燃隔热器件。A flame-retardant heat-insulating device made of a flame-retardant heat insulating material is inserted into a contact surface between the batteries inside the battery energy storage module.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：The method of claim 1 wherein said overcharging test of a battery within a battery energy storage module comprises:
    采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对所述电池持续充电，直至所述电池破裂。The battery is continuously charged with 1 to 10 times the power of the battery rated power until the battery breaks.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述对电池储能模块内部的电池进行过充试验，包括：The method of claim 1 wherein said overcharging test of a battery within a battery energy storage module comprises:
    采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至所述电池破裂。The battery was heated at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery broke.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：所述电池的防爆阀部位，所述电池的壳体部位。The battery rupture location includes at least one of: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：The contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
    直接接触情况下所述电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下所述电池之间相对面积最大的部位。The direct contact surface between the cells in the case of direct contact, the portion having the largest relative area between the cells in the case of indirect contact.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂；The flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
    所述阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于所述电池破裂后破裂口喷出物质的温度，并且在所述破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透。The heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the rupture port discharge material after the battery is ruptured, and the flame-retardant heat-insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is continuous for the duration of the rupture of the material at the rupture port. Not penetrated by ablation.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于所述接触面的面积。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than an area of the contact surface.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件在贴近所述电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于容置风冷管道或液冷管道；The flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for accommodating an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
    所述凹槽的类型包括以下至少之一：方形槽，圆形槽和三角形槽。The type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
  9. 如权利要求1所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 1, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住所述破裂位置。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
  10. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，The method of claim 1 wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，用于当所述电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，将所述高温气体定向排出。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
  11. 一种电池储能模块的安全防控器件，包括：A safety protection device for a battery energy storage module, comprising:
    用于设置在电池储能模块内部电池的破裂位置的阻燃隔热器件，以及，a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a rupture position of a battery inside the battery energy storage module, and
    用于设置在所述电池储能模块内部电池之间的接触面的阻燃隔热器件；a flame-retardant heat-insulating device for setting a contact surface between batteries inside the battery energy storage module;
    其中，所述电池破裂位置是对所述电池进行过充试验以及热箱试验，确定所述电池在过充条件以及热箱加热条件下发生破裂的位置；Wherein the battery rupture position is an overcharge test of the battery and a hot box test to determine a position at which the battery ruptures under overcharge conditions and hot box heating conditions;
    其中，所述接触面为根据所述电池储能模块内部的电池的安装及排列方式选择，能够使所述电池之间热交换效果最强。Wherein, the contact surface is selected according to the installation and arrangement of the battery inside the battery energy storage module, and the heat exchange effect between the batteries can be maximized.
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述破裂位置为采用电池额定功率的1至10倍功率对所述电池持续充电，直至所述电池破裂的位置。The rupture position is that the battery is continuously charged with a power of 1 to 10 times the rated power of the battery until the battery is broken.
  13. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述破裂位置为采用1至20摄氏度/分钟的升温速率加热电池，直至所述电池破裂的位置。The rupture position is to heat the battery at a ramp rate of 1 to 20 degrees Celsius per minute until the battery is broken.
  14. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述电池破裂位置包括以下至少之一：所述电池的防爆阀部位，所述电池的壳体部位。The battery rupture location includes at least one of: an explosion-proof valve portion of the battery, a housing portion of the battery.
  15. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述电池之间热交换效果最强的接触面，包括以下至少之一：The contact surface with the strongest heat exchange effect between the batteries includes at least one of the following:
    直接接触情况下所述电池之间的直接接触面，非直接接触情况下所述电池之间相对面积最大的部位。The direct contact surface between the cells in the case of direct contact, the portion having the largest relative area between the cells in the case of indirect contact.
  16. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热材料包括基体、阻燃剂、填充剂及功能助剂；The flame retardant heat insulating material comprises a base body, a flame retardant, a filler and a functional auxiliary;
    所述阻燃材料的耐热温度不低于电池破裂喷出物质的温度，并且在电池破裂口喷出物质的持续时间内，1至10毫米厚度的阻燃隔热材料不被烧蚀穿透。The heat-resistant temperature of the flame-retardant material is not lower than the temperature of the battery rupture material, and the flame-retardant heat insulating material having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is not ablated by the ablation time of the material discharged from the battery rupture port. .
  17. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且面积不小于所述接触面的面积。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and an area not less than an area of the contact surface.
  18. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件在贴近所述电池的一侧设置有凹槽，用于设置风冷管道或液冷管道；The flame-retardant heat-insulating device is provided with a groove on a side close to the battery for setting an air-cooled pipe or a liquid-cooled pipe;
    所述凹槽的类型包括以下至少之一：方形槽，圆形槽和三角形槽。The type of the groove includes at least one of the following: a square groove, a circular groove, and a triangular groove.
  19. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件的厚度为1至10毫米，且形状能够遮盖住所述破裂位置。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and is shaped to cover the rupture position.
  20. 如权利要求11所述的电池储能模块安全防控器件，其中，The battery energy storage module security control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述阻燃隔热器件具有贯通孔，用于当所述电池内部高温气体通过防爆阀喷出后，将所述高温气体通过所述贯通孔定向排出。The flame-retardant heat-insulating device has a through hole for directional discharge of the high-temperature gas through the through-hole after the high-temperature gas inside the battery is ejected through the explosion-proof valve.
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