CN114525402A - Preparation method and application of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellet - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellet Download PDFInfo
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- CN114525402A CN114525402A CN202210428860.XA CN202210428860A CN114525402A CN 114525402 A CN114525402 A CN 114525402A CN 202210428860 A CN202210428860 A CN 202210428860A CN 114525402 A CN114525402 A CN 114525402A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and provides a preparation method and application of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, batching: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content more than or equal to 65%; s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 3% -5%; s3, carrying out primary stirring on the iron fine powder, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in the step S2 to obtain a mixture; s4, performing secondary stirring on the mixture; s5, pressing into a sphere; s6, shaping and screening the spheres; and S7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace. The invention also provides application of the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellet in blast furnace iron making. By the technical scheme, the problem that the cold bonded pellets in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of charging materials into a blast furnace is solved, and the problems of heavy pollution, high energy consumption and high carbon emission in the iron making process in the traditional pre-iron process are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, in particular to a preparation method and application of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets.
Background
Environmental pollution has become one of the more and more factors impeding the development of the world since the 21 st century. The rapid rise of the iron and steel industry causes the atmosphere and water bodies to be seriously polluted, the climate changes greatly, resources face the danger of exhaustion, the yield of energy resources in many regions is reduced, and the whole ecological system on the earth is continuously damaged. The rapid development of the steel industry in China enables the steel yield in China to stably stay in the world for many years, and the development of the steel industry and the increase of the yield change and influence the environment. The environment pollution condition is more complicated and serious, the land is abandoned and polluted due to resource exploitation, the air pollution is generated in the transportation process, the air pollution, noise pollution and heat pollution are generated in the processing process, and the environmental pollution problem is increasingly prominent due to solid waste pollution and the like caused after the processing is finished. Atmospheric pollution caused by steel smelting belongs to oxidation type pollution, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and the like belong to common pollutants in the atmosphere, and the atmospheric pollution can cause harm to skin, eyes, lungs and other organs of people. Therefore, the environmental protection work must be developed and observed scientifically to solve the environmental problems.
According to statistics, the annual output of steel in China reaches 13 hundred million tons, and corresponding environmental protection problems are more and more severe in the face of the large capacity. The pre-iron process is the most discharged part in the steel production link, and generally accounts for 40-50% of the total capital in the investment of capital on environmental protection every year for steel enterprises. Therefore, at present, various large iron and steel enterprises are seeking new treatment processes to solve the increasingly severe environmental protection problem.
In the process of making the artificial lump ore, besides changing the granularity composition and mechanical strength of the mineral aggregate, a part of elements harmful to smelting can be removed, the quality of the mineral aggregate is improved, and the phase structure and metallurgical performance of the mineral aggregate are improved. Therefore, the use of the artificial lump ore meets the steel smelting standard, and is beneficial to strengthening the steel smelting production.
The sintering-free cold-bonded pellet is a process technology with large production capacity, short production process flow and lowest production cost in artificial lump ore, and has obvious effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection. However, the cold-bonded pellets on the market can only be used as a slagging agent of a metallurgical auxiliary material in the process links of converter steelmaking, electric furnace smelting and the like, and the traditional cold-bonded pellets cannot be put into blast furnace ironmaking for application. Blast furnace ironmaking raw materials include iron ore, fuel, solvent, etc., and the iron ore is fed into the blast furnace in the form of pellets and sinter. The sintered ore is obtained by mixing and stirring iron powder ore, various fluxing agents and fine coke, adding the mixture into a sintering machine through a material distribution system, igniting the fine coke by an ignition furnace, and exhausting air by an air exhaust fan to complete a sintering reaction. On the one hand, coke combustion generates large amounts of carbon dioxide, and on the other hand, the sintering process requires high temperatures between 1200 ℃ and 1300 ℃. Therefore, the energy consumption of the process for preparing the sinter is high, and although related researchers know that the energy consumption of the sintering-free pellets can be reduced, the sintering-free pellets in the current market cannot meet the requirement of blast furnace ironmaking, so that the development of the sintering-free pellets meeting the requirement of furnace charge entering a blast furnace is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method and application of blast furnace sintering-free cooled agglomerated pellets, which solve the problem that the cooled agglomerated pellets in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of charging materials into a blast furnace, and simultaneously solve the problems of heavy pollution, high energy consumption and high carbon emission in the iron making process in the traditional pre-iron process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content more than or equal to 65%;
s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 3% -5%;
s3, carrying out primary stirring on the iron fine powder, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in the step S2 to obtain a mixture;
s4, performing secondary stirring on the mixture;
s5, pressing into a sphere;
s6, shaping and screening the spheres;
and S7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace.
Preferably, in the S1, the silicon content in the fine iron powder is less than or equal to 6 percent.
Preferably, in S1, the refined iron powder is a mixture of high-grade refined iron powder and low-grade refined iron powder.
Preferably, in S2, the binder is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of epoxy resin, 8-15% of phenolic resin, 1-5% of coupling agent, 1-5% of magnesium chloride, 3-6% of dextrin, 0-2% of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 0-2% of urea-formaldehyde resin.
Preferably, in S2, the binder is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 80% of epoxy resin, 10% of phenolic resin, 2% of coupling agent, 2% of magnesium chloride, 4% of dextrin, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 1% of urea-formaldehyde resin.
Preferably, in S3, the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder, the high calcium powder and the high magnesium powder is (80-85): (1-3): (10-15): (1-5).
Preferably, in the step S3, the mass ratio of the iron fine powder to the binder to the high-calcium powder to the high-magnesium powder is 83:2:12: 3.
Preferably, in the step S3, the ratio of the sum of the mass percentage of the calcium element in the high-calcium powder and the mass percentage of the magnesium element in the high-magnesium powder to the mass percentage of the silicon element in the fine iron powder is 1.4 to 1.6.
The ternary alkalinity is formed by controlling the ratio of the sum of the mass percentage of the calcium element in the high-calcium powder and the mass percentage of the magnesium element in the high-magnesium powder to the mass percentage of the silicon element in the iron fine powder.
Preferably, in S6, during the shaping and screening, the sieved material is crushed and then sent to a secondary mixer as a return material, and is mixed with a new mixture and then pressed into balls again.
The sieve material is recycled and pressed into balls with the new mixture again, so that the cost is reduced, and the requirement of blast furnace iron-making on the performance of the balls can be met.
Preferably, in the step S7, the drying and curing temperature is 140-160 ℃.
In the process of preparing the cold bonded pellets, only the drying stage needs 140 ℃ and 160 ℃, the energy consumption is low, no smoke and carbon dioxide are generated, and the pollution is low.
The invention also provides the application of the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets obtained by the preparation method of the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets in blast furnace iron making.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets can enter a blast furnace for smelting to replace furnace burden such as alkaline sinter in an iron-making process, and the technical problem that the conventional sintering-free cold-bonded pellets cannot meet the performance requirement of blast furnace iron making is solved. Coke is required to be added into the traditional sintering ore, harmful elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like are contained in the coke, and the sintering-free cold-bonded pellet does not need to be added into the sintering-free cold-bonded pellet, so that the contents of sulfur and phosphorus are reduced. The cold bonded pellet is formed by a physical forming method at a certain temperature in the drying and curing process, so that the energy consumption is reduced, smoke and carbon dioxide are not generated in the process, and the pollution is reduced. The cold-bonded pellet can be used as a blast furnace raw material, so that the coke consumption can be reduced, and the harmful gas emission of the blast furnace can be reduced. The existing pellet ore is crushed and screened before entering a blast furnace, 30 to 50 percent of blast furnace return material can be generated, repeated sintering circulation is realized, and the production cost of steel enterprises is seriously increased. The cold-bonded pellet of the invention is cold-pressed into a ball, has uniform granularity, high strength and high strand index, does not produce blast furnace return ores, and can be used in 100 percent of furnaces, thereby greatly reducing the production cost of steel enterprises.
2. The sintering-free cold-bonded pellet in the invention starts to be reflowed at 750 ℃, and the reflow temperature of the sintered pellet is generally 950 ℃. And the cold bonded pellet of the invention has the phenomenon of molten drop at 950 ℃, and the molten drop temperature is lower than 1070 ℃ of sintered pellet ore, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency of blast furnace ironmaking. Because the invention adopts the raw materials with stable elements, the blast furnace slag has stable alkalinity and good molten iron quality, and the average value of the normal-temperature mechanical compression strength of the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets is about 4000N, thereby meeting the requirement of the blast furnace burden strength. The smelting phenomenon is stable, and the reaction speed and the chemical composition meet the smelting requirement of the blast furnace.
3. The sintering-free cold-bonded pellet is formed by pressing iron fine powder into a pellet shape by a physical method, is in a powder form to participate in reduction reaction, and has a higher decomposition speed than a sintered block, so that the production efficiency of blast furnace ironmaking can be improved. The sintering-free cold-bonded pellet is obtained by controlling the iron content and the water content of the raw materials and carrying out secondary stirring in the process, the low-temperature reduction reaction does not crack or pulverize, and the indexes such as the pulverization rate and the reduction index in low, medium and high temperature regions of a blast furnace are superior to those of sintered ore.
4. The sintered ore needs links such as crushing and screening, which causes a great deal of dust pollution and has irregular shape, but the pellet obtained by the preparation method of the invention has uniform granularity and good air permeability, and does not burst when meeting high temperature, the high-temperature strength and the tumbler index of the pellet are superior to the standard of the sintered pellet, and the coke proportion in the blast furnace raw material can be reduced. The pellets of the present invention will not absorb water and will not be pulverized when stored in the open air.
5. In the preparation method, the water content and the iron content of the fine iron powder are strictly required, so that the strength requirement of the blast furnace pellets can be met, and the reducibility and the low-temperature pulverization performance of the blast furnace pellets can be improved. In addition, the invention improves the granularity uniformity of the pellets by secondary mixing, ensures the integral strength and the drum index of the pellets, and if only primary stirring is carried out, the obtained pellets can not meet the requirement of entering a blast furnace.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets comprises the following steps:
s1, blending: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content not less than 65% and silicon content not more than 6%;
s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 4 percent;
s3, carrying out primary stirring and uniform mixing on the iron fine powder in the S2, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in a high-efficiency strong stirring machine to obtain a mixture, wherein the binder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80% of epoxy resin, 10% of phenolic resin, 2% of coupling agent, 2% of magnesium chloride, 4% of dextrin, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 1% of urea-formaldehyde resin, and the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder to the high-calcium powder to the high-magnesium powder is 83:2:12: 3;
s4, performing secondary stirring and uniform mixing on the mixture in a high-efficiency strong stirrer;
s5, pressing the mixture into a sphere in a high-pressure ball press;
s6, shaping and screening the spheres, feeding the crushed sieved materials into a secondary stirrer as return materials, mixing the return materials with a new mixture, and pressing the balls again;
s7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen at 150 ℃, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace.
Example 2
A preparation method of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content not less than 65% and silicon content not more than 6%;
s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 5 percent;
s3, carrying out primary stirring and uniform mixing on the iron fine powder in the S2, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in a high-efficiency strong stirring machine to obtain a mixture, wherein the binder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 78% of epoxy resin, 12% of phenolic resin, 2% of coupling agent, 1% of magnesium chloride, 5% of dextrin, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 1% of urea-formaldehyde resin, and the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder to the high-calcium powder to the high-magnesium powder is 82:2:13: 3;
s4, performing secondary stirring and uniform mixing on the mixture in a high-efficiency strong stirrer;
s5, pressing the mixture into a sphere in a high-pressure ball press;
s6, shaping and screening the spheres, feeding the crushed sieved materials into a secondary stirrer as return materials, mixing the return materials with a new mixture, and pressing the balls again;
s7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen at 155 ℃, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace.
Example 3
A preparation method of blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content not less than 65% and silicon content not more than 6%;
s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 5 percent;
s3, carrying out primary stirring and uniform mixing on the iron fine powder in the S2, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in a high-efficiency strong stirring machine to obtain a mixture, wherein the binder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75% of epoxy resin, 14% of phenolic resin, 2% of coupling agent, 1% of magnesium chloride, 4% of dextrin, 2% of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 2% of urea-formaldehyde resin, and the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder to the high-calcium powder to the high-magnesium powder is 85:2:11: 2;
s4, performing secondary stirring and uniform mixing on the mixture in a high-efficiency strong stirrer;
s5, pressing the mixture into a sphere in a high-pressure ball press;
s6, shaping and screening the spheres, feeding the crushed sieved materials into a secondary stirrer as return materials, mixing the return materials with a new mixture, and pressing the mixture again;
s7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen at 145 ℃, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the steps S1-S3 are the same, but the step S4 is not carried out, namely, the first-stage stirring and mixing are carried out, the mixture is pressed into spheres in a high-pressure ball press, the spheres are shaped and sieved, the spheres with sieved materials are dried and solidified at 145 ℃, and the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets are obtained after drying.
The cold-set pellets obtained in the examples and comparative examples were tested according to the following criteria:
GB/T14201-2018 determination of compressive strength of iron pellets for blast furnaces and direct reduction;
GB/T13241-2017 method for determining reducibility of iron ore;
GB/T13242-2017 method for using a cold rotary drum after static reduction of iron ore low-temperature degradation test.
TABLE 1 comparison of the properties of the cold-set pellets obtained in the examples and comparative examples
As shown in Table 1, the compressive strength of the cold-bonded pellet obtained in the embodiment of the invention is up to 3900-. The data of the compressive strength obtained by the invention is an interval, and the strength of a single pellet is different during detection, so that the numerical value of the compressive strength is not a fixed value, and even if the numerical value is not a fixed value, the lowest value of the compressive strength of the pellet obtained by the embodiment of the invention also reaches 3900N, is far superior to the existing cold-bonded pellet, and is suitable for blast furnace iron making.
Compared with the embodiment, the comparative example 1 only carries out one-time stirring, the maximum strength of the pellets can be similar to that of the embodiment, the lowest value of the strength is rather poor, the compressive strength at 1050 ℃ is taken as an example, the difference between the lowest value and the highest value reaches 2.5 times, the strength distribution is not uniform, and the application of blast furnace iron making is not facilitated. And the drum index and the low-temperature pulverization rate of the cooled and solidified pellets in the comparative example 1 are greatly reduced compared with those in the examples. Therefore, the secondary stirring in the invention can not only improve the strength uniformity of the cold-bonded pellet, but also improve the drum index and the low-temperature pulverization rate of the cold-bonded pellet.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellet is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, batching: preparing iron concentrate powder with iron content more than or equal to 65%;
s2, drying the refined iron powder in the S1 until the water content is 3% -5%;
s3, carrying out primary stirring on the iron fine powder, the binder, the high-calcium powder and the high-magnesium powder in the step S2 to obtain a mixture;
s4, performing secondary stirring on the mixture;
s5, pressing into a sphere;
s6, shaping and screening the spheres;
and S7, drying and solidifying the balls on the screen, and drying to obtain the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace.
2. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cooled agglomerated pellets according to claim 1, wherein in the S1, the silicon content in the refined iron powder is less than or equal to 6%.
3. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the refined iron powder is a mixture of high-grade refined iron powder and low-grade refined iron powder.
4. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cooled agglomerated pellets according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the binder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of epoxy resin, 8-15% of phenolic resin, 1-5% of coupling agent, 1-5% of magnesium chloride, 3-6% of dextrin, 0-2% of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 0-2% of urea-formaldehyde resin.
5. The method for preparing the sintering-free cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder, the high calcium powder to the high magnesium powder is (80-85): 1-3): 10-15 ]: 1-5.
6. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cooled agglomerated pellets according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the binder to the high-calcium powder to the high-magnesium powder is 83:2:12: 3.
7. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cooled agglomerated pellets according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the ratio of the sum of the mass percentage of the calcium element in the high calcium powder and the mass percentage of the magnesium element in the high magnesium powder to the mass percentage of the silicon element in the fine iron powder is 1.4-1.6.
8. The method for preparing the blast furnace sintering-free cold-bonded pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the sieved material is crushed and then sent to a secondary stirring stage as a return material during shaping and sieving, and is mixed with a new mixture to be pressed into pellets again.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying and curing temperature in S7 is 140-160 ℃.
10. The use of the non-sintered cold-bonded pellets obtained by the method for preparing the non-sintered cold-bonded pellets of the blast furnace according to claim 1 in blast furnace iron making.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0003665A1 (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1979-08-22 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | A method of producing cold agglomerates for use in iron making |
| CN1203954A (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 1999-01-06 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method of direct reduction shaft and blast furnace cold-bonded pellet |
| CN107034361A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of Application way of dedusting ash of stainless steel |
| CN113337707A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for preparing cold-pressed balls for iron-making blast furnace and improving utilization rate of waste |
-
2022
- 2022-04-22 CN CN202210428860.XA patent/CN114525402A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0003665A1 (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1979-08-22 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | A method of producing cold agglomerates for use in iron making |
| CN1203954A (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 1999-01-06 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method of direct reduction shaft and blast furnace cold-bonded pellet |
| CN107034361A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of Application way of dedusting ash of stainless steel |
| CN113337707A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for preparing cold-pressed balls for iron-making blast furnace and improving utilization rate of waste |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 曹龙: "高炉瓦斯灰金属化球团制备工艺粘结剂的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
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Application publication date: 20220524 |