CN113461434A - High-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910020489 SiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101000878595 Arabidopsis thaliana Squalene synthase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that the strength of the ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste in the prior art is difficult to reach the national index of the high-strength ceramsite, and the fly ash, the slag and the pebble coal are difficult to be well bonded into a ball in the firing process of the ceramsite. The high-strength ceramsite comprises high-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and a preparation method, wherein the high-strength ceramsite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80% of fly ash, 10-15% of slag powder, 5-20% of stone coal powder and 1-3% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution. The high-strength ceramsite prepared by the method disclosed by the invention reaches the relevant indexes of the light aggregate in GBT17431.1-2010 light aggregate and experimental method thereof, and the high-strength ceramsite is simple in preparation method, low in energy consumption and material consumption, and effective inSolves the problems of stockpiling treatment and comprehensive utilization of a large amount of solid wastes in a coal-fired power plant, is environment-friendly, has higher economic value and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a firing method of high-strength ceramsite, and in particular relates to high-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, about 20 hundred million tons of coal are combusted in China in thermal power generation every year, and about 5 hundred million tons of fly ash are generated. The comprehensive utilization rate of the fly ash generated by large coal and electricity bases such as northwest is low, and a stockpiling treatment method is mainly adopted. For example, a certain power plant of tokyo produces 500 more than ten thousand tons of fly ash per year on average, and only 20 ten thousand tons are sold locally in 2019, which is a huge disposal pressure. In addition, in the production process of a coal-fired power plant, a large amount of slag is discharged from the lower part after coal is combusted by a boiler; meanwhile, as the coal for combustion in the thermal power plant contains a certain amount of impurities, part of particles are still discharged after the fire coal enters the mill, namely, the pebble coal. At present, most coal-fired power plants still have slag and pebble coal piles in ash yards, and have the problems of land occupation and environmental pollution.
The research of researchers finds that the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal produced by a coal-fired power plant can be used for firing the ceramsite, and at present, the main technical difficulty of firing the ceramsite by taking the fly ash as the main raw material is that the raw material balls generated by taking the fly ash as the main raw material have low strength and are difficult to fire, and the quality of the fired ceramsite can not meet the national requirements of the related technical indexes of the related high-strength ceramsite.
Tests show that the pebble coal is mainly rich iron ore, consists of pyrite, gangue and part of coal particles, and is a high-quality raw material for steel smelting after oxidation treatment. The pebble coal can be used as a fluxing agent of the ceramsite, and is beneficial to reducing the sintering temperature of the ceramsite and improving the quality of the ceramsite. Meanwhile, as the pebble coal has higher heat value, the residual heat value of the pebble coal can be utilized in the subsequent firing process, and the quality of the fired ceramsite is improved.
How to better bond the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal of the coal-fired power plant into balls and strengthen the activity of the pebble coal, overcomes the defects of less liquid phase, high firing temperature, low strength of the fired ceramsite and the like of the fly ash ceramsite, and is a problem to be solved urgently for producing high-strength ceramsite by using the fly ash as a main raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide high-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the strength of the ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste is difficult to reach the national index of the high-strength ceramsite, and the fly ash, the slag and the stone coal are difficult to be well bonded into a ball in the firing process of the ceramsite.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-strength ceramsite fired by using coal-fired solid waste, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70-80% of fly ash, 10-15% of slag powder, 5-20% of stone coal powder and 1-3% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution;
the pebble coal powder is prepared by grinding pebble coal into powder, screening, heating and magnetically separating by a magnetic separator; the slag powder is powder prepared by grinding slag.
Furthermore, the pebble coal air drying base comprises 0.8-1.1% of moisture, 63-73% of ash, 16-18% of volatile matter, 2-14% of sulfur and 1200-2600Kcal/kg of high-grade calorific value.
Further, the pebble coal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-15% of Al2O3、 32-37％SiO2、22-28％Fe2O310 to 15 percent of CaO and 0.5 to 0.8 percent of TiO2。
Further, the mass percentages of the chemical components of the fly ash are as follows: 33-39% Al2O3、 45-53％SiO2、2.7-3.8％Fe2O33.5 to 5.3 percent of CaO and 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Na2O, wherein the loss on ignition of the fly ash at 950 ℃ is 0-0.7%.
Further, the slag comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 32-38% Al2O3、45-50％ SiO2、3-4.5％Fe2O3、3.5-4.5％CaO、0.5-1.2％TiO2。
Further, said Na2SiO3The mass fraction of the aqueous solution is 3-5%.
The invention provides a preparation method for firing high-strength ceramsite by using coal-fired solid waste, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selecting preparation raw materials, respectively carrying out component analysis on the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal, and selecting the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal which meet the content requirement of chemical components as the preparation raw materials of the high-strength ceramsite;
s2, processing the preparation raw materials, drying, grinding and screening the slag which meets the content requirement of the chemical components and is selected in the step S1 and the stone coal preparation raw materials respectively; directly loading the sieved slag powder into a raw material bin, heating the sieved pebble coal powder at 70-90 ℃ for 3-5min, magnetically separating the heated pebble coal powder by a magnetic separator, magnetically selecting pebble coal powder with iron content more than or equal to 30% for sale, and putting the residual pebble coal powder after magnetic separation into the pebble coal powder raw material bin;
s3, preparing ceramsite raw particles, and respectively weighing fly ash, slag powder, stone coal powder and Na according to the mass percentage of the raw materials for preparing the high-strength ceramsite2SiO3(ii) a Putting the fly ash, the slag powder and the pebble coal powder into a proportioning bin, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the proportioning powder of the high-strength ceramsite; putting the ingredient powder into a granulator, and adding prepared Na2SiO3The water solution moulds the ingredient powder into balls as ceramsite granules;
s4, firing the ceramsite, namely firing the ceramsite green particles obtained in the step S3 at 1150-1200 ℃ for 15-20min, and cooling the ceramsite green particles to the temperature of less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Further, the screening in the step S1 is performed by using a 100-mesh rotary screen.
Further, the firing in step S4 is performed in a rotary kiln, and the cooling in step S4 is performed by a single-cylinder cooler.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) the high-strength ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste provided by the invention is prepared by using the fly ash, the slag and the pebble coal as raw materials, so that the high-strength ceramsite meeting the national requirements is obtained, technical support is provided for a coal-fired power plant to mainly store the fly ash, the slag, the pebble coal and other solid wastes generated by coal-fired power generation into a special purpose, and the treatment pressure and the treatment cost of the fly ash, the slag, the pebble coal and other solid wastes are reduced; meanwhile, in the production process of the high-strength ceramsite, the high-strength ceramsite which is used as a target product is also produced, the pebble coal powder with high iron content is also produced, the added value of the product in the preparation process of the high-strength ceramsite is improved, and a more reasonable recycling economy industrial chain is brought for the operation of a coal-fired power plant.
(2) The preparation method of the high-strength ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste has the advantages of simple preparation mode, environmental friendliness and convenience in actual operation. The technical problem in preparing the high-strength ceramsite by utilizing solid waste is solved, the materials such as the fly ash, the furnace slag, the pebble coal and the like are well bonded into a ball, the activity of the pebble coal is enhanced by firing, and the defects of less fired liquid phase, high temperature, low strength of the ceramsite and the like in the process of firing the ceramsite by the fly ash are overcome.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments of the present invention can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
1.1 starting materials
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in the embodiment 1 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% of fly ash, 11% of slag powder, 6% of stone coal powder and 3% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution.
The pebble coal air drying base comprises 0.8-1.1% of moisture, 63-73% of ash, 16-18% of volatile matter, 2-14% of sulfur and 1200-2600Kcal/kg of high-grade calorific value; the ignition loss of the fly ash at 950 ℃ is 0-0.7%; the mass fraction of the Na2SiO3 aqueous solution is 3-5%.
The specific chemical compositions of the selected fly ash, slag and pebble coal raw materials are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 main chemical composition of raw materials
1.2 preparation method
S1, selecting preparation raw materials, respectively carrying out component analysis on the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal, and selecting the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal which meet the content requirement of chemical components as the preparation raw materials of the high-strength ceramsite;
s2, processing the preparation raw materials, drying and grinding the slag which is selected in the step S1 and meets the requirement of chemical component content and the stone coal preparation raw materials into powder, and sieving the powder through a 100-mesh rotary sieve respectively; directly loading the sieved slag powder into a raw material bin, heating the sieved pebble coal powder at 70-90 ℃ for 3-5min, magnetically separating the heated pebble coal powder by a magnetic separator, magnetically selecting pebble coal powder with iron content more than or equal to 30% for sale, and putting the residual pebble coal powder after magnetic separation into the pebble coal powder raw material bin;
s3, preparing ceramsite raw particles, and respectively weighing fly ash, slag powder, stone coal powder and Na according to the mass percentage of the raw materials for preparing the high-strength ceramsite2SiO3(ii) a Mixing fly ash and slagThe powder and the pebble coal powder are put into a proportioning bin and fully stirred and mixed to be used as the proportioning powder of the high-strength ceramsite; putting the ingredient powder into a granulator, and adding prepared Na2SiO3The water solution moulds the ingredient powder into balls as ceramsite granules;
s4, firing the ceramsite, namely firing the raw ceramsite obtained in the step S3 in a rotary kiln at 1150-1200 ℃ for 15-20min, and cooling the fired ceramsite in a cylindrical cooler to the temperature of less than or equal to 50 ℃.
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in example 1 was designated as sample SS 1.
1.3 SS1 high-strength ceramsite index detection
According to the related evaluation indexes of the lightweight aggregate in GBT17431.1-2010 (light aggregate and experimental method thereof), the sample SS1 is respectively subjected to volume weight, cylinder pressure strength, ignition loss rate, and water absorption and radioactivity of 1 h.
Example 2
2.1 starting materials
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in the embodiment 1 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 72% of fly ash, 14.5% of slag powder, 12% of pebble coal powder and 1.5% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution.
The pebble coal air drying base comprises 0.8-1.1% of moisture, 63-73% of ash, 16-18% of volatile matter, 2-14% of sulfur and 1200-2600Kcal/kg of high-grade calorific value; the ignition loss of the fly ash at 950 ℃ is 0-0.7%; the mass fraction of the Na2SiO3 aqueous solution is 3-5%.
The specific chemical compositions of the selected fly ash, slag and pebble coal raw materials are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 main chemical composition of raw materials
2.2 preparation method
S1, selecting preparation raw materials, respectively carrying out component analysis on the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal, and selecting the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal which meet the content requirement of chemical components as the preparation raw materials of the high-strength ceramsite;
s2, processing the preparation raw materials, drying the slag and pebble coal preparation raw materials which are selected in the step S1 and meet the requirement of chemical component content, fully grinding the slag and the pebble coal into powder by using a ball mill, and respectively screening by using a 100-mesh rotary screen; directly loading the sieved slag powder into a raw material bin, heating the sieved pebble coal powder for 5min at 85 ℃ through power plant boiler tail gas, carrying out magnetic separation on the heated pebble coal powder through a magnetic separator, magnetically selecting pebble coal powder with the iron content of more than or equal to 30% for sale, and putting the residual pebble coal powder after magnetic separation into the pebble coal powder raw material bin;
s3, preparing ceramsite raw particles, and respectively weighing fly ash, slag powder, stone coal powder and Na according to the mass percentage of the raw materials for preparing the high-strength ceramsite2SiO3(ii) a Putting the fly ash, the slag powder and the pebble coal powder into a proportioning bin, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the proportioning powder of the high-strength ceramsite; putting the uniformly mixed ingredient powder into a disc granulator, and adding prepared Na2SiO3The water solution moulds the ingredient powder into balls as ceramsite granules;
s4, firing the ceramsite, namely firing the raw ceramsite obtained in the step S3 in a rotary kiln at 1180 ℃ for 15min, and cooling the fired ceramsite in a cylindrical cooling machine for 15min to 35 ℃.
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in example 2 was designated as sample SS 2.
2.3 SS2 high-strength ceramsite index detection
According to the related evaluation indexes of the lightweight aggregate in GBT17431.1-2010, namely the lightweight aggregate and the experimental method thereof, the sample SS2 is respectively subjected to volume weight, cylinder pressure strength, loss on ignition, and water absorption and radioactivity within 1h, and the specific indexes are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 correlation index for sample SS2
Example 3
3.1 starting materials
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in the embodiment 1 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 75% of fly ash, 12% of slag powder, 15% of stone coal powder and 2% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution.
The pebble coal air drying base comprises 0.8-1.1% of moisture, 63-73% of ash, 16-18% of volatile matter, 2-14% of sulfur and 1200-2600Kcal/kg of high-grade calorific value; the ignition loss of the fly ash at 950 ℃ is 0-0.7%; the mass fraction of the Na2SiO3 aqueous solution is 3-5%.
The specific chemical compositions of the selected fly ash, slag and pebble coal raw materials are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 main chemical composition of raw materials
3.2 preparation method
S1, selecting preparation raw materials, respectively carrying out component analysis on the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal, and selecting the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal which meet the content requirement of chemical components as the preparation raw materials of the high-strength ceramsite;
s2, processing the preparation raw materials, drying the slag and pebble coal preparation raw materials which are selected in the step S1 and meet the requirement of chemical component content, fully grinding the slag and the pebble coal into powder by using a ball mill, and respectively screening by using a 100-mesh rotary screen; directly loading the sieved slag powder into a raw material bin, heating the sieved pebble coal powder for 3min at 75 ℃ through power plant boiler tail gas, carrying out magnetic separation on the heated pebble coal powder through a magnetic separator, magnetically selecting pebble coal powder with the iron content of more than or equal to 30% for sale, and putting the residual pebble coal powder after magnetic separation into the pebble coal powder raw material bin;
s3, preparing ceramsite raw particles, and respectively weighing fly ash, slag powder, stone coal powder and Na according to the mass percentage of the raw materials for preparing the high-strength ceramsite2SiO3(ii) a Putting the fly ash, the slag powder and the pebble coal powder into a proportioning bin, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the proportioning powder of the high-strength ceramsite; putting the uniformly mixed ingredient powder into a disc granulator, and adding the ingredientsGood Na2SiO3The water solution moulds the ingredient powder into balls as ceramsite granules;
s4, firing the ceramsite, firing the raw ceramsite obtained in the step S3 in a rotary kiln at 1200 ℃ for 15min, and cooling the fired ceramsite in a cylindrical cooler for 25min to 35 ℃.
The high-strength ceramsite prepared in example 3 was numbered SS 3.
3.3 SS2 high-strength ceramsite index detection
According to the related evaluation indexes of the lightweight aggregate in GBT17431.1-2010, namely the lightweight aggregate and the experimental method thereof, the sample SS3 is respectively subjected to volume weight, cylinder pressure strength, loss on ignition, and water absorption and radioactivity within 1h, and the specific indexes are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 relevant indices of sample SS3 TABLE 4 main relevant indices of ceramsite
In conclusion, the high-strength ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste provided by the invention is prepared by using the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal as raw materials, so that the high-strength ceramsite meeting the national requirements is obtained, technical support is provided for a coal-fired power plant to mainly store the fly ash, the furnace slag, the pebble coal and other solid wastes generated by coal-fired power generation into a special container, and the treatment pressure and the treatment cost of the fly ash, the furnace slag, the pebble coal and other solid wastes are reduced; meanwhile, in the production process of the high-strength ceramsite, the high-strength ceramsite which is used as a target product is also produced, the pebble coal powder with high iron content is also produced, the added value of the product in the preparation process of the high-strength ceramsite is improved, and a more reasonable recycling economy industrial chain is brought for the operation of a coal-fired power plant.
Meanwhile, the preparation method of the high-strength ceramsite by firing has the advantages of simple preparation method, environmental friendliness and convenience in actual operation. The technical problem in preparing the high-strength ceramsite by utilizing solid waste is solved, the materials such as the fly ash, the furnace slag, the pebble coal and the like are well bonded into a ball, the activity of the pebble coal is enhanced by firing, and the defects of less fired liquid phase, high temperature, low strength of the ceramsite and the like in the process of firing the ceramsite by the fly ash are overcome.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The high-strength ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70-80% of fly ash, 10-15% of slag powder, 5-20% of stone coal powder and 1-3% of Na2SiO3An aqueous solution;
the pebble coal powder is prepared by grinding pebble coal into powder, screening, heating and magnetically separating by a magnetic separator; the slag powder is powder prepared by grinding slag.
2. The high-strength ceramsite sintered by using the coal-fired solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pebble coal air drying base comprises 0.8-1.1% of moisture, 63-73% of ash, 16-18% of volatile matter, 2-14% of sulfur and 1200-2600Kcal/kg of high calorific value.
3. The high-strength ceramsite sintered by using the coal-fired solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pebble coal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-15% of Al2O3、32-37% SiO2、22-28% Fe2O310 to 15 percent of CaO and 0.5 to 0.8 percent of TiO2。
4. The high-strength ceramsite sintered by using the coal-fired solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that the fly ash comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 33-39% Al2O3、45-53% SiO2、2.7-3.8% Fe2O33.5 to 5.3 percent of CaO and 2.8 to 3.5 percent of Na2O, wherein the loss on ignition of the fly ash at 950 ℃ is 0-0.7%.
5. The high-strength ceramsite fired by using the coal-fired solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that the slag comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 32-38% Al2O3、45-50% SiO2、3-4.5% Fe2O3、3.5-4.5% CaO、0.5-1.2% TiO2。
6. The high-strength ceramsite sintered by using the coal-fired solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Na is2SiO3The mass fraction of the aqueous solution is 3-5%.
7. The preparation method for firing the high-strength ceramsite of claim 1 by using coal-fired solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selecting preparation raw materials, respectively carrying out component analysis on the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal, and selecting the fly ash, the furnace slag and the pebble coal which meet the content requirement of chemical components as the preparation raw materials of the high-strength ceramsite;
s2, processing the preparation raw materials, drying, grinding and screening the slag which meets the content requirement of the chemical components and is selected in the step S1 and the stone coal preparation raw materials respectively; directly loading the sieved slag powder into a raw material bin, heating the sieved pebble coal powder at 70-90 ℃ for 3-5min, magnetically separating the heated pebble coal powder by a magnetic separator, magnetically selecting pebble coal powder with iron content more than or equal to 30% for sale, and putting the residual pebble coal powder after magnetic separation into the pebble coal powder raw material bin;
s3, preparing ceramsite raw particles, and respectively weighing fly ash, slag powder, stone coal powder and Na according to the mass percentage of the raw materials for preparing the high-strength ceramsite2SiO3(ii) a Putting the fly ash, the slag powder and the pebble coal powder into a proportioning bin, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain the proportioning powder of the high-strength ceramsite; putting the ingredient powder into a granulator, and adding prepared Na2SiO3An aqueous solution is preparedMolding the powder into balls as ceramsite green grains;
s4, firing the ceramsite, namely firing the ceramsite green particles obtained in the step S3 at 1150-1200 ℃ for 15-20min, and cooling the ceramsite green particles to the temperature of less than or equal to 50 ℃.
8. The method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by firing coal-fired solid waste according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the screening in the step S1 adopts a 100-mesh rotary screen.
9. The method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by firing coal-fired solid waste according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the firing in the step S4 is performed in a rotary kiln, and the cooling in the step S4 is performed by a single-cylinder cooler.
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