CN114523114A - Preparation method and device of 4D printing material - Google Patents
Preparation method and device of 4D printing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114523114A CN114523114A CN202210153370.3A CN202210153370A CN114523114A CN 114523114 A CN114523114 A CN 114523114A CN 202210153370 A CN202210153370 A CN 202210153370A CN 114523114 A CN114523114 A CN 114523114A
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- niobium
- titanium alloy
- alloy powder
- box
- connecting rod
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
- B07B1/34—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen
- B07B1/343—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen with mechanical drive elements other than electromagnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/023—Hydrogen absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0836—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with electric or magnetic field or induction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of a 4D printing material, and the preparation method comprises a filtering device, wherein the filtering device comprises a first support, a vertical rod which moves in the vertical direction penetrates through the top of the first support, the top of the vertical rod is connected with a sliding seat which moves in the horizontal direction in a sliding manner, the top of the sliding seat is fixedly connected with a filtering box, one side of the sliding seat is rotatably connected with a fourth connecting rod, the bottom of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with a movable frame, and the bottom of the first support is connected with a fixed plate. According to the invention, hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns after stirring and mixing enters a filter box through a first connecting pipe, niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns is obtained after filtering, the niobium-titanium alloy powder enters a collection box through a second connecting pipe, a stirring device and a filtering device are combined for use, the stirred powder directly enters the filtering device, and the filtered powder directly enters the collection box, so that the process continuity is improved, the process steps are reduced, and the working efficiency is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 4D printing, in particular to a preparation method and a preparation device of a 4D printing material.
Background
4D prints, it is a material that can deform automatically to be precise, it only needs to put it into water, do not need to connect any complicated electromechanical device, can fold into the corresponding shape automatically according to the product design, the unique point of 4D prints is, have one more "D" than 3D prints namely time latitude, namely, make the material roll over and move on X, Y, Z axle, except that, also can change the shape or function over time because of the change of the external condition, because of the effects such as mechanical force, temperature, swelling, magnetic field, etc., the 4D prints the material and can reconfigure oneself, thus change color, shape and performance, the existing 4D printing technology main material is limited to the organic material, but the high temperature resistance of the organic material is poorer, therefore, the invention provides a niobium titanium alloy as 4D printing material, compare with organic material, have good high temperature and corrosion resisting property, meanwhile, in the process of preparing the 4D printing material from the niobium-titanium alloy, a stirring and filtering combined device is provided, niobium-titanium alloy powder is sieved, and the working efficiency of the 4D printing material preparation work is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, a method and an apparatus for preparing a 4D printing material are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation device of a 4D printing material comprises a filtering device, wherein the filtering device comprises a first support, a vertical rod moving in the vertical direction penetrates through the top of the first support, a sliding seat moving in the horizontal direction is connected to the top of the vertical rod in a sliding mode, a filtering box is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat, a fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to one side of the sliding seat, a movable frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical rod, a fixed plate is connected to the bottom of the first support, a first motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, a cam matched with the movable frame is connected to the output shaft of the first motor in a transmission mode, an eccentric shaft is rotatably mounted on the cam, a first connecting rod is sleeved on the outer side of the eccentric shaft, a second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the free end of the first connecting rod, a third connecting rod penetrating through the first support is rotatably connected between the free end of the second connecting rod and the free end of the fourth connecting rod, a through groove for accommodating the third connecting rod is formed in the first support, and the third connecting rod is rotatably connected with the through groove through a rotating shaft.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the filter box comprises a filter box body, and is characterized in that a funnel-shaped inner cavity is formed in the top of the filter box body, a rectangular inner cavity is formed in the bottom of the filter box body, the funnel-shaped inner cavity and the rectangular inner cavity are communicated through a cylindrical channel, a filter screen is arranged at the top of the funnel-shaped inner cavity, semicircular cover plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top of the filter box body in a fixedly connected mode, a screw rod is installed in the rectangular inner cavity in a rotating mode, and a third motor connected with the screw rod in a transmission mode is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filter box body.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the utility model discloses a slide, including montant top fixedly connected with fixing base, fixing base top both sides fixedly connected with I shape guide rail, slide top fixedly connected with and I shape guide rail sliding connection's slider.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
still include agitating unit, agitating unit include with a support fixed connection's support two, two top fixed mounting of support have the agitator tank, the puddler is installed in the inside rotation of agitator tank, agitator tank top fixed mounting has the second motor of being connected with the puddler transmission.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
threaded holes are formed between the semicircular cover plates on the two sides of the top of the filter box, a discharge hole in the bottom of the stirring box is communicated with a first connecting pipe, and the free end of the first connecting pipe is connected with the threaded holes in a threaded manner.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the top of the first support is provided with a collecting box, the top of the collecting box is communicated with a second connecting pipe, and the free end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the rectangular inner cavity at the bottom of the filter box.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
a preparation method of a 4D printing material comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting and processing niobium and titanium raw materials to obtain sheets or bars, preparing the sheets or bars into electrodes, casting the electrodes twice or more in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and casting to obtain niobium-titanium alloy ingots;
s2, crushing the niobium-titanium alloy ingot into small ingots of 10-30 mm by a mechanical crushing method;
s3, placing the small ingot into a non-contact crucible-free EIGA vacuum gas atomization device to prepare special niobium-titanium alloy powder for 4D printing, enabling niobium-titanium alloy metal flow to enter an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 16-20 g/S, and enabling high-purity argon gas with the purity of 99.99% to pass through the atomizer, so that the niobium-titanium alloy powder is atomized;
s4, enabling the atomized niobium-titanium alloy powder to be sprayed out of the atomizer in a pressurized mode through a high-pressure spray head, controlling the spraying rate to be 1500-1700 m/h, introducing the sprayed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a heating box, preserving the heat for 1-2 h at 700-800 ℃, and collecting the niobium-titanium alloy powder with hydrogen to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns;
s5, mixing the collected niobium-titanium alloy powder through a stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 1600-2000 r/min;
s6, introducing the mixed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a filtering device, and sieving the niobium-titanium alloy powder to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns;
s7, carrying out plasma spheroidization on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns, and rapidly absorbing heat and carrying out hydrogen explosion on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder in the plasma spheroidization process to generate micro spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder, wherein the powder feeding speed is 20-100 g/min, the plasma output power is 50-90 KW, the vacuum degree is 1 x 10Pa, and finally obtaining the fine particle size spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 40 microns, namely the 4D printing material.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the vacuum induction melting, non-contact, high-purity argon pressurizing, hydrogenation treatment and plasma spheroidizing technology are adopted to prepare the spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with fine particle size, so that the problems of impurity pollution and powder oxidation in the mechanical crushing process are solved, the control of oxygen content is facilitated, the prepared niobium-titanium alloy powder has the characteristics of fine particle size, uniform components, good fluidity, high spheroidization rate, low oxygen content, high biocompatibility and the like, and the finished product particle size is completely suitable for 4D printing and forming.
2. According to the invention, hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns after stirring and mixing enters a filter box through a first connecting pipe, niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns is obtained after filtering, the niobium-titanium alloy powder enters a collection box through a second connecting pipe, a stirring device and a filtering device are combined for use, the stirred powder directly enters the filtering device, and the filtered powder directly enters the collection box, so that the process continuity is improved, the process steps are reduced, and the working efficiency is further improved.
3. According to the niobium-titanium alloy powder sieving machine, when niobium-titanium alloy powder is sieved in a filtering box, a first motor drives a cam to rotate, the cam drives a movable frame to reciprocate up and down, the movable frame drives a vertical rod and a fixing seat, an I-shaped guide rail, a sliding block, a sliding seat and the filtering box on the vertical rod to reciprocate up and down, meanwhile, the cam drives a first connecting rod to rotate, the first connecting rod drives a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod connected with the second connecting rod to reciprocate, the third connecting rod drives a fourth connecting rod to reciprocate, the fourth connecting rod drives the sliding seat and the filtering box connected with the sliding seat to reciprocate left and right, namely the filtering box has a track of reciprocating up and down, the sieving speed of niobium-titanium alloy is accelerated, and the sieving efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a 4D printing material manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view illustrating a 4D printed material manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram illustrating a cam and a movable frame of a 4D printing material preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram illustrating a slider and an i-shaped guide rail of a 4D printing material preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a filter box of a 4D printing material preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of an agitator tank of a preparation apparatus for a 4D printing material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate of a preparation apparatus for a 4D printing material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 illustrates a connection diagram of a first motor and a cam of a preparation apparatus for a 4D printing material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a first bracket; 2. a movable frame; 3. a first motor; 4. a cam; 5. a fixing plate; 6. a second bracket; 7. a through groove; 8. a third link; 9. a fourth link; 10. a vertical rod; 11. a filter box; 12. a cover plate; 13. a first connecting pipe; 14. a second motor; 15. a stirring box; 16. a collection box; 17. a first link; 18. a second link; 19. an eccentric shaft; 20. a fixed seat; 21. a third motor; 22. a slider; 23. an I-shaped guide rail; 24. a slide base; 25. a second connecting pipe; 26. a rotating shaft; 27. a screw rod; 28. a filter screen; 29. a stirring rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation device of a 4D printing material comprises a filtering device, wherein the filtering device comprises a first support 1, a vertical rod 10 moving in the vertical direction penetrates through the top of the first support 1, the top of the vertical rod 10 is connected with a sliding seat 24 moving in the horizontal direction in a sliding manner, the top of the vertical rod 10 is fixedly connected with a fixed seat 20, two sides of the top of the fixed seat 20 are fixedly connected with an I-shaped guide rail 23, the top of the sliding seat 24 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 22 slidably connected with the I-shaped guide rail 23, the top of the sliding seat 24 is fixedly connected with a filtering box 11, the top of the filtering box 11 is provided with a funnel-shaped inner cavity, the bottom of the filtering box is provided with a rectangular inner cavity, the funnel-shaped inner cavity is communicated with the rectangular inner cavity through a cylindrical channel, the top of the funnel-shaped inner cavity is provided with a filtering net 28, two sides of the top of the filtering box 11 are fixedly connected with semicircular cover plates 12 which are symmetrically arranged, a spiral rod 27 is rotatably arranged in the rectangular inner cavity, and a third motor 21 in transmission connection with the spiral rod 27 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the filtering box 11;
one side of the sliding seat 24 is rotatably connected with a fourth connecting rod 9, the bottom of the vertical rod 10 is fixedly connected with a movable frame 2, the bottom of the first support 1 is connected with a fixed plate 5, the fixed plate 5 is fixedly provided with a first motor 3, an output shaft of the first motor 3 is connected with a cam 4 matched with the movable frame 2 in a transmission manner, the output shaft of the first motor 3 and the cam 4 are eccentrically arranged, an eccentric shaft 19 is rotatably arranged on the cam 4, the outer side of the eccentric shaft 19 is sleeved with a first connecting rod 17, the free end of the first connecting rod 17 is rotatably connected with a second connecting rod 18, a third connecting rod 8 penetrating through the first support 1 is rotatably connected between the free end of the second connecting rod 18 and the free end of the fourth connecting rod 9, the first support 1 is provided with a through groove 7 for accommodating the third connecting rod 8, and the third connecting rod 8 and the through groove 7 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft 26;
firstly, mixed niobium-titanium alloy powder is introduced into a filter box 11, the niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of less than 120 microns is sieved by a filter screen 28, the niobium-titanium alloy powder enters a rectangular inner cavity through the filter screen 28, a third motor 21 drives a screw rod 27 to rotate, the niobium-titanium alloy powder in the rectangular inner cavity is sent into a collecting box 16 through a connecting pipe two 25, secondly, while the niobium-titanium alloy powder is sieved, a first motor 3 drives a cam 4 to rotate, the cam 4 drives a movable frame 2 to reciprocate up and down, the movable frame 2 drives a vertical rod 10 and a fixed seat 20, an I-shaped guide rail 23, a sliding block 22, a sliding seat 24 and the filter box 11 on the vertical rod 10 to reciprocate up and down, meanwhile, the cam 4 drives a first connecting rod 17 to rotate, the first connecting rod 17 drives a second connecting rod 18 and a third connecting rod 8 connected with the second connecting rod 18 to reciprocate, the third connecting rod 8 drives a fourth connecting rod 9 to reciprocate, the fourth connecting rod 9 drives the sliding seat 24 and the filter box 11 connected with the sliding seat 24 to reciprocate left and right, that is, the filter box 11 has a track of reciprocating up, down, left and right, so that the sieving speed of the niobium-titanium alloy is accelerated, and the sieving efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, the powder mixing device further comprises a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a second support 6 fixedly connected with the first support 1, a stirring box 15 is fixedly installed at the top of the second support 6, a stirring rod 29 is rotatably installed inside the stirring box 15, a second motor 14 in transmission connection with the stirring rod 29 is fixedly installed at the top of the stirring box 15, a feeding hole is formed in the top of the stirring box 15, hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 micrometers is fed into the stirring box 15, and the second motor 14 drives the stirring rod 29 to rotate to stir and mix the powder.
Referring to fig. 5 and 7, threaded holes are formed between the semicircular cover plates 12 on both sides of the top of the filter box 11, a discharge port at the bottom of the stirring box 15 is communicated with a first connecting pipe 13, the free end of the first connecting pipe 13 is screwed with the threaded holes, a collecting box 16 is arranged at the top of the first bracket 1, a second connecting pipe 25 is communicated with the top of the collecting box 16, the free end of the second connecting pipe 25 is communicated with a rectangular inner cavity at the bottom of the filter box 11, hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 μm after stirring and mixing enters the filter box 11 through the first connecting pipe 13, niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 μm is obtained after filtering, the niobium-titanium alloy powder enters the collecting box 16 through the second connecting pipe 25, the stirring device and the filtering device are combined for use, the stirred powder directly enters the filtering device, the filtered powder directly enters the collecting box 16, the process continuity is improved, and the process steps are reduced, thereby improving the working efficiency.
Specifically, the preparation method of the 4D printing material comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting and processing niobium and titanium raw materials to obtain sheets or bars, preparing the sheets or bars into electrodes, casting the electrodes twice or more in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and casting to obtain niobium-titanium alloy ingots;
s2, crushing the niobium-titanium alloy ingot into small ingots of 10-30 mm by a mechanical crushing method;
s3, placing the small ingot into a non-contact crucible-free EIGA vacuum gas atomization device to prepare special niobium-titanium alloy powder for 4D printing, enabling niobium-titanium alloy metal flow to enter an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 16-20 g/S, and enabling high-purity argon gas with the purity of 99.99% to pass through the atomizer, so that the niobium-titanium alloy powder is atomized;
s4, enabling the atomized niobium-titanium alloy powder to be sprayed out of the atomizer in a pressurized mode through a high-pressure spray head, controlling the spraying rate to be 1500-1700 m/h, introducing the sprayed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a heating box, preserving the heat for 1-2 h at 700-800 ℃, and collecting the niobium-titanium alloy powder with hydrogen to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns;
s5, mixing the collected niobium-titanium alloy powder through a stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 1600-2000 r/min;
s6, introducing the mixed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a filtering device, and sieving the niobium-titanium alloy powder to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns;
s7, carrying out plasma spheroidization on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder rapidly absorbs heat and is subjected to hydrogen decrepitation in the plasma spheroidization process to generate micro-fine spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder, the powder feeding speed is 20-100 g.min, the plasma output power is 50-90 KW, the vacuum degree is 1 × 10Pa, and the fine-particle spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 40 microns is finally obtained, namely the 4D printing material;
the invention adopts the technologies of vacuum induction melting, non-contact, high-purity argon pressurization, hydrogenation treatment and plasma spheroidization to prepare the spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with fine particle size, reduces the problems of impurity pollution and powder oxidation in the mechanical crushing process, is beneficial to the control of oxygen content, has the characteristics of fine particle size, uniform components, good fluidity, high spheroidization rate, low oxygen content, high biocompatibility and the like, and the granularity of a finished product is completely suitable for 4D printing and forming.
The working principle is as follows: when in use, S1, respectively smelting and processing the niobium and titanium raw materials to prepare sheets or bars, preparing the sheets or bars into electrodes, casting the electrodes twice or more in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and casting to obtain niobium-titanium alloy ingots;
s2, crushing the niobium-titanium alloy ingot into small ingots of 10-30 mm by a mechanical crushing method;
s3, placing the small ingot into a non-contact crucible-free EIGA vacuum gas atomization device to prepare special niobium-titanium alloy powder for 4D printing, enabling niobium-titanium alloy metal flow to enter an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 16-20 g/S, and enabling high-purity argon gas with the purity of 99.99% to pass through the atomizer, so that the niobium-titanium alloy powder is atomized;
s4, enabling the atomized niobium-titanium alloy powder to be sprayed out of the atomizer in a pressurized mode through a high-pressure spray head, controlling the spraying rate to be 1500-1700 m/h, introducing the sprayed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a heating box, preserving the heat for 1-2 h at 700-800 ℃, and collecting the niobium-titanium alloy powder with hydrogen to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns;
s5, mixing the collected niobium-titanium alloy powder through a stirring device at a stirring speed of 1600-2000 r/min, introducing the mixed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a filtering device, and screening the niobium-titanium alloy powder to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns;
specifically, hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns is fed into a stirring box 15, a second motor 14 drives a stirring rod 29 to rotate to stir and mix the powder, the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns after stirring and mixing enters a filtering box 11 through a connecting pipe I13, the niobium-titanium alloy powder is sieved through a filtering net 28, the niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of less than 120 microns enters a rectangular inner cavity through the filtering net 28, a third motor 21 drives a spiral rod 27 to rotate, the niobium-titanium alloy powder in the rectangular inner cavity is fed into a collecting box 16 through a connecting pipe II 25, then, while the niobium-titanium alloy powder is sieved, a first motor 3 drives a cam 4 to rotate, the cam 4 drives a movable frame 2 to reciprocate up and down, the movable frame 2 drives a fixed seat 20, an I-shaped guide rail 23, a sliding block 22, a sliding seat 24 and the filtering box 11 on a vertical rod 10 and the vertical rod 10 to reciprocate up and down, meanwhile, the cam 4 drives the first connecting rod 17 to rotate, the first connecting rod 17 drives the second connecting rod 18 and the third connecting rod 8 connected with the second connecting rod 18 to rotate in a reciprocating mode, the third connecting rod 8 drives the fourth connecting rod 9 to move in a reciprocating mode, the fourth connecting rod 9 drives the sliding seat 24 and the filter box 11 connected with the sliding seat 24 to move in a reciprocating mode left and right, namely the filter box 11 has a track of reciprocating motion up and down and left and right, the sieving speed of the niobium-titanium alloy is accelerated, the sieving efficiency is improved, the stirring device and the filtering device are combined for use, the stirred powder directly enters the filtering device, the filtered powder directly enters the collecting box 16, the process continuity is improved, the process steps are reduced, and the working efficiency is further improved;
s6, carrying out plasma spheroidization on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns, and rapidly absorbing heat and carrying out hydrogen explosion on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder in the plasma spheroidization process to generate micro spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder, wherein the powder feeding speed is 20-100 g/min, the plasma output power is 50-90 KW, the vacuum degree is 1 x 10Pa, and finally obtaining the fine particle size spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 40 microns, namely the 4D printing material.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation device of the 4D printing material is characterized by comprising a filtering device, wherein the filtering device comprises a first support (1), a vertical rod (10) moving in the vertical direction penetrates through the top of the first support (1), the top of the vertical rod (10) is slidably connected with a sliding seat (24) moving in the horizontal direction, the top of the sliding seat (24) is fixedly connected with a filtering box (11), one side of the sliding seat (24) is rotatably connected with a fourth connecting rod (9), the bottom of the vertical rod (10) is fixedly connected with a movable frame (2), the bottom of the first support (1) is connected with a fixed plate (5), a first motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (5), an output shaft of the first motor (3) is connected with a cam (4) matched with the movable frame (2), and an eccentric shaft (19) is rotatably mounted on the cam (4), the eccentric shaft (19) outside cup joints first connecting rod (17), the free end of first connecting rod (17) rotates and is connected with second connecting rod (18), rotate between the free end of second connecting rod (18) and the free end of fourth connecting rod (9) and be connected with out and pass third connecting rod (8) of support (1), set up logical groove (7) that hold third connecting rod (8) on support (1), rotate through pivot (26) between third connecting rod (8) and the logical groove (7) and connect.
2. The preparation device of the 4D printing material, according to claim 1, characterized in that a funnel-shaped inner cavity is formed in the top of the filter box (11), a rectangular inner cavity is formed in the bottom of the filter box, the funnel-shaped inner cavity and the rectangular inner cavity are communicated through a cylindrical channel, a filter screen (28) is arranged on the top of the funnel-shaped inner cavity, symmetrically arranged semicircular cover plates (12) are fixedly connected to two sides of the top of the filter box (11), a screw rod (27) is rotatably installed in the rectangular inner cavity, and a third motor (21) in transmission connection with the screw rod (27) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filter box (11).
3. The device for preparing the 4D printing material according to claim 2, wherein a fixed seat (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod (10), an I-shaped guide rail (23) is fixedly connected to two sides of the top of the fixed seat (20), and a sliding block (22) which is slidably connected with the I-shaped guide rail (23) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat (24).
4. The preparation device of the 4D printing material according to claim 3, further comprising a stirring device, wherein the stirring device comprises a second support (6) fixedly connected with the first support (1), a stirring box (15) is fixedly installed at the top of the second support (6), a stirring rod (29) is rotatably installed inside the stirring box (15), and a second motor (14) in transmission connection with the stirring rod (29) is fixedly installed at the top of the stirring box (15).
5. The preparation device of the 4D printing material according to claim 4, wherein threaded holes are formed between the semicircular cover plates (12) on two sides of the top of the filter box (11), a discharge hole in the bottom of the stirring box (15) is communicated with a first connecting pipe (13), and the free end of the first connecting pipe (13) is screwed with the threaded holes.
6. The preparation device for the 4D printing material according to claim 5, wherein a collection box (16) is arranged on the top of the first support (1), a second connection pipe (25) is communicated with the top of the collection box (16), and the free end of the second connection pipe (25) is communicated with the rectangular inner cavity at the bottom of the filter box (11).
7. A preparation method of a 4D printing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting and processing niobium and titanium raw materials to obtain sheets or bars, preparing the sheets or bars into electrodes, casting the electrodes twice or more in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and casting to obtain niobium-titanium alloy ingots;
s2, crushing the niobium-titanium alloy ingot into small ingots of 10-30 mm by a mechanical crushing method;
s3, placing the small ingot into a non-contact crucible-free EIGA vacuum gas atomization device to prepare special niobium-titanium alloy powder for 4D printing, enabling niobium-titanium alloy metal flow to enter an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 16-20 g/S, and enabling high-purity argon gas with the purity of 99.99% to pass through the atomizer, so that the niobium-titanium alloy powder is atomized;
s4, enabling the atomized niobium-titanium alloy powder to be sprayed out of the atomizer in a pressurized mode through a high-pressure spray head, controlling the spraying rate to be 1500-1700 m/h, introducing the sprayed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a heating box, preserving the heat for 1-2 h at 700-800 ℃, and collecting the niobium-titanium alloy powder with hydrogen to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the particle size of 50-300 microns;
s5, mixing the collected niobium-titanium alloy powder through a stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 1600-2000 r/min;
s6, introducing the mixed niobium-titanium alloy powder into a filtering device, and sieving the niobium-titanium alloy powder to obtain hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns;
s7, carrying out plasma spheroidization on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 120 microns, and rapidly absorbing heat and carrying out hydrogen explosion on the hydrogen-absorbing niobium-titanium alloy powder in the plasma spheroidization process to generate micro spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder, wherein the powder feeding speed is 20-100 g/min, the plasma output power is 50-90 KW, the vacuum degree is 1 x 10Pa, and finally obtaining the fine particle size spherical niobium-titanium alloy powder with the average particle size of less than 40 microns, namely the 4D printing material.
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