CN114509349A - Strength test method and device for watertight air pipe for ship - Google Patents
Strength test method and device for watertight air pipe for ship Download PDFInfo
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention provides a strength test method and a device for a watertight air pipe for a ship, which fill the gap that the strength test special method for the watertight air pipe is lacked in the prior art, and the watertight air pipe with a rectangular cross section is selected for the test, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the use performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, the strength test method provided by the invention comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test on the watertight air pipe, and can ensure the reliability of the watertight air pipe after the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a strength test method and device for a ship watertight air pipe.
Background
When a ship is damaged due to some reason and a water inlet accident occurs, external seawater enters the cabin through the hull break, and in order to avoid the failure of the watertight bulkhead due to the damage of the air pipe structure, the watertight air pipe is required to be capable of bearing seawater pressure under the damaged water inlet working condition, including internal seawater pressure and external seawater pressure, and the pressure bearing capacity of the watertight air pipe is required to be the same as the pressure bearing capacity of the watertight bulkhead. In order to meet the watertight requirement in the prior art, the watertight air pipe is usually tested for pressure bearing capacity, namely strength, by referring to other liquid fluid pipeline methods, but a special method for the watertight air pipe strength test is lacked; when the watertight air pipe is subjected to strength test by referring to other liquid fluid pipeline methods, the internal pressure test is usually only carried out to test the pressure-bearing capacity inside the watertight air pipe, and the test on the external pressure-bearing capacity of the watertight air pipe is neglected; in addition, the strength test of the watertight air pipe by referring to other liquid fluid pipeline methods also requires that the cross section of the watertight air pipe is made into a round shape, and a standard seamless steel pipe and a standard flange are adopted. However, in practical application, the circular watertight air pipe adopting the standard seamless steel pipe and the standard flange has the problems of high requirement on arrangement space, high manufacturing cost, heavy weight, complex construction process and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for testing strength of a watertight wind pipe for a ship, wherein the strength test of the watertight wind pipe for a ship comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test. The testing method provided by the invention fills the gap that the strength test special method for the watertight air pipe for the ship is lacked in the prior art, and the watertight air pipe with the rectangular cross section is selected for testing, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the use performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, the strength test method comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test of the watertight air pipe, and can ensure the reliability of the watertight air pipe after the test.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a strength testing method for a watertight air pipe for a ship, comprising the steps of:
s1: selecting a pipe body with a rectangular cross section as a watertight air pipe, and performing stress analysis on a stress surface of the watertight air pipe, a flange connected with the watertight air pipe and a fastener by using simulation software according to the pressure-bearing requirement of a watertight bulkhead to determine manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener matched with the pressure-bearing requirement;
s2: manufacturing the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener according to the manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener;
s3: mounting the manufactured flange and the fastener on the watertight air pipe for performing an internal pressure test;
s4: and carrying out external pressure experiment on the watertight air pipe subjected to the internal pressure experiment.
Optionally, step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: the two ends of the opening of the watertight air pipe are a first end and a second end, and the manufactured flanges are welded at the first end and the second end respectively;
s32: a first component with a water inlet is arranged at the first end, a second component with a water outlet is arranged at the second end, and the first component and the second component are respectively connected with the flange through the fasteners;
s33: filling water into the watertight air pipe, closing the water outlet, and adjusting the internal pressure of the watertight air pipe to reach a set pressure-bearing value P1;
s34: closing the water inlet to maintain the pressure of the watertight air pipe for a period of time;
s35: and draining water in the watertight air pipe, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe.
Optionally, step S4 includes the following steps:
s41: providing an external pressure test tool, wherein a third end and a fourth end are arranged at two ends of an opening of the external pressure test tool, a watertight air pipe subjected to an internal pressure test is placed in the external pressure test tool, a third assembly with a water inlet is installed at the third end, and a fourth assembly with a water outlet is installed at the fourth end;
s42: filling water into the external pressure test tool and maintaining the pressure for a period of time;
s43: and (4) draining water in the external pressure test tool, taking out the watertight air pipe to observe whether water enters or not, standing the watertight air pipe on the pillow block, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe.
Optionally, the dwell time is at least 6 h.
Optionally, the change of the shape state of the watertight air pipe within 30min is observed.
The invention also provides a strength test device of the watertight air pipe for the ship, which comprises the following components:
the cross section of the watertight air pipe is rectangular, the two ends of the pipe body are a first end and a second end, and the stress born by the stress surface of the watertight air pipe corresponds to the pressure bearing requirement of the watertight bulkhead;
the internal pressure test device comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, wherein the first assembly is connected with the first end, the second assembly is connected with the second end, and the second assembly is used for closing the first end and the second end of the watertight air pipe so as to maintain the pressure of the watertight air pipe within a period of time;
the external pressure test device comprises a third assembly, a fourth assembly and an external pressure test tool, wherein the external pressure test tool is of a cavity structure, the two ends of an opening of the external pressure test tool are a third end and a fourth end, the third assembly is connected with the third end, the fourth assembly is connected with the fourth end, and the two ends of a watertight air pipe are hermetically arranged inside the external pressure test tool.
Optionally, the first assembly and the third assembly have the same structure, and each of the first assembly and the third assembly comprises a water pump, a ball valve and a first matching threaded joint which are communicated with each other through a pipeline.
Optionally, the second assembly and the fourth assembly have the same structure and each include a second mating threaded joint, a pressure gauge, a first stop valve, a gooseneck and a second stop valve, wherein the second mating threaded joint, the pressure gauge, the first stop valve and the gooseneck are sequentially communicated through a pipeline.
Optionally, flanges are further fixed to the first end and the second end of the watertight air pipe.
Optionally, in the internal pressure testing apparatus, the watertight air pipe is connected to the first component through a first bulkhead, a first threaded joint with an opening is provided on a surface of the first bulkhead, and the first mating threaded joint is communicated with the first threaded joint; the watertight air pipe is connected with the second assembly through a second bulkhead, the surface of the second bulkhead is provided with a second threaded joint and a third threaded joint which are provided with openings, the second mating threaded joint is communicated with the second threaded joint, and the third threaded joint is communicated with the second stop valve.
Optionally, in the external pressure testing apparatus, the external pressure testing tool is connected to the third assembly through a third bulkhead, a fourth screwed joint with an opening is provided on a surface of the third bulkhead, and the first mating screwed joint is communicated with the fourth screwed joint; the external pressure test tool is connected with the fourth component through a fourth blank plate, a fifth threaded joint and a sixth threaded joint which are open are arranged on the surface of the fourth blank plate, wherein the second mating threaded joint is communicated with the fifth threaded joint, and the sixth threaded joint is communicated with the second stop valve.
Optionally, in the external pressure test apparatus, the first end and the second end of the watertight air pipe are both provided with a fifth bulkhead, and the fifth bulkhead is used for sealing the watertight air pipe.
Optionally, the cross section of the watertight air pipe is rectangular, four corners of the rectangular are rounded corners, and the radius R of each rounded corner is1Greater than or equal to 30 mm.
Optionally, the wall thickness d of the watertight air pipe1Not less than 2 mm; thickness d of the flange2＝k×d1And k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.
Optionally, the set pressure-bearing value of the watertight air pipe is P1The maximum measuring range of the pressure gauge is P2，P1＜P2＜1.2P1。
The strength test method and the device for the watertight air pipe for the ship, provided by the invention, have the following beneficial effects:
the strength test method and the device for the watertight air pipe for the ship, provided by the invention, fill the gap that a special method for the strength test of the watertight air pipe is lacked in the prior art, and the watertight air pipe with the rectangular cross section is selected for the test, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the service performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, the strength test method provided by the invention comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test on the watertight air pipe, and can ensure the reliability of the watertight air pipe after the test.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 a-1 b are schematic views showing the structure of a watertight air duct having a flange.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an internal pressure test apparatus.
Fig. 3a is a schematic structural view of the first bulkhead.
Figure 3b shows a schematic structural view of the second bulkhead.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an external pressure testing apparatus.
Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of a watertight air duct.
Description of the element reference numerals
Fourth Assembly of 10 Watertight air hose 34
100 sleeper pad 41 first bulkhead
11 first end 411 first threaded joint
12 second end 42 second bulkhead
21 first flange 421 second threaded joint
22 second flange 422 third threaded joint
200 bolt hole 51 first fastener
31 first assembly 52 second fastener
310 water inlet 60 spacer
311 Water Pump 70 pipeline
312 ball valve 80 external pressure test frock
313 third end of the first counter-threaded joint 81
32 fourth end of second module 82
321 second counter-thread joint 43 third bulkhead
431 fourth threaded joint of 322 pressure gauge
323 first stop valve 44 fourth bulkhead
324 gooseneck 441 fifth threaded joint
325 second stop valve 442 sixth threaded joint
33 third component 45 fifth bulkhead
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and although the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, the form, quantity, position relationship and proportion of the components in actual implementation can be changed freely on the premise of implementing the technical solution of the present invention, and the layout form of the components may be more complicated.
Example one
The embodiment provides a strength test method of a watertight air pipe for a ship, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a pipe body with a rectangular cross section as a watertight air pipe, and performing stress analysis on a stress surface of the watertight air pipe, a flange connected with the watertight air pipe and a fastener by using simulation software according to the pressure bearing requirement of a watertight bulkhead to determine manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener matched with the pressure bearing requirement;
as an example, compared with a watertight air pipe with a circular cross section, the watertight air pipe with a rectangular cross section is selected, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the use performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
S2: manufacturing the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener according to the manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener;
by way of example, stress analysis is performed on each surface of the watertight air pipe, the flange connected with the watertight air pipe and the fastener by using finite element analysis software, manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener matched with the pressure bearing requirement are determined, and the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener are manufactured according to the manufacturing parameters.
S3: mounting the manufactured flange and the fastener on the watertight air pipe for performing an internal pressure test;
as shown in fig. 1a to 1b, the two open ends of the watertight air duct 10 are a first end 11 and a second end 12, and the first flange 21 is welded to the first end 11 and the second end 12 of the watertight air duct. The first flange edge has a plurality of bolt holes 200 for subsequent assembly with the first and second assemblies 31 and 32.
Next, a first component 31 having a water inlet 310 is mounted at the first end 11. Referring to fig. 2 and 3a, the watertight air pipe 10 is placed on the pillow block 100, the first bulkhead 41 is installed at the first end 11 of the watertight air pipe, the bolt holes 200 are formed at the edge of the first bulkhead 41, so that the first bulkhead 41 is connected with the first flange 21 through the first fasteners 51, and the gasket 60 is further disposed between the first bulkhead 41 and the first flange 21.
As an example, the surface of the first bulkhead 41 has an open first threaded joint 411, and the first assembly 31 communicates with the watertight air pipe 10 through the first threaded joint 411. As shown in fig. 2, the first assembly 31 comprises a water pump 311, a ball valve 312 and a first mating screw joint 313 which are communicated with each other through a pipe 70 from a side far from the watertight air pipe to a side near to the watertight air pipe, wherein the first mating screw joint 313 is connected with the first screw joint 411.
Next, a second assembly 32 having a water outlet is mounted at the second end 12. Referring to fig. 2 and 3b, first, the second bulkhead 42 is installed at the second end 12, the edge of the second bulkhead 42 is provided with bolt holes 200, so that the second bulkhead 42 is connected with the first flange 21 by the first fastening members 51, and the gasket 60 is also arranged between the second bulkhead 42 and the first flange 21.
As an example, the surface of the second bulkhead 42 has a second threaded joint 421 and a third threaded joint 422 that are open. As shown in fig. 2, the second assembly 32 includes a second mating nipple 321, a pressure gauge 322, a first stop valve 323, and a gooseneck 324, which are in communication, wherein the second mating nipple 321 is connected to a second nipple 421; the second assembly 32 also includes a second stop valve 325, the second stop valve 325 being in communication with a third threaded fitting 422.
Then, filling water into the watertight air pipe 10, closing the water outlet, and adjusting the internal pressure of the watertight air pipe 10 to reach the set pressure-bearing value P1. As an example, the ball valve 312 and the first stop valve 323 are opened, the second stop valve 325 is closed, the water pump 311 is started to make the water flow to the watertight air pipe 10 through the first assembly 31, when the water is continuously discharged from the end of the gooseneck 324, it is indicated that the watertight air pipe 10 is filled with water, the first stop valve 323 is closed, the opening degree of the ball valve 312 is adjusted, and meanwhile, the data on the pressure gauge 322 is observed to make the internal pressure of the watertight air pipe 10 gradually reach the set pressure-bearing value P thereof1。
The water inlet 310 is then closed, and the water tight air hose is allowed to maintain pressure for a period of time. As an example, the water pump 311 and the ball valve 312 are turned off, the watertight air pipe 10 is subjected to pressure maintaining for at least 6h, whether the pressure in the watertight air pipe 10 is stable is judged by observing the data on the pressure gauge 322, and whether the watertight air pipe is deformed is also observed.
And finally, draining water in the watertight air pipe, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe. As an example, the second stop valve 325 is opened, water in the watertight air pipe 10 is drained, after no water flows out from the second stop valve 325, the first component 31 and the second component 32, the first bulkhead 41, the second bulkhead 42 and the gasket 60 are removed, water in the watertight air pipe 10 is drained completely, the shape change of the watertight air pipe 10 within 30min is observed, and if the shape of the watertight air pipe is restored and no obvious deformation exists, the internal pressure test of the watertight air pipe is successful.
S4: and carrying out external pressure experiment on the watertight air pipe subjected to the internal pressure experiment.
First, an external pressure testing tool is provided, as shown in fig. 4, the two open ends of the external pressure testing tool 80 are a third end 81 and a fourth end 82, and the two ends of the external pressure testing tool 80 are provided with second flanges 22. As an example, a flange matched with the external pressure test tool 80 may be selected as the second flange 22 in the flange models existing in the prior art, and the flange does not need to be separately designed and manufactured as the first flange 21.
And (3) coating dry powder on the watertight air pipe 10 subjected to the internal pressure test, and then sealing and placing the watertight air pipe in the external pressure test tool 80. As an example, dry powder is coated on the outer end face of the first flange 21 and the welding seam (not shown in the figure) of the watertight air duct, and fifth blank sheets 45 are installed on both ends of the watertight air duct 10 to achieve sealing of the watertight air duct 10, and a gasket 60 is also disposed between the fifth blank sheets 45 and the first flange 21.
Next, a third module 33 having a water inlet 310 is installed at the third end 81. As an example, first, the third bulkhead 43 is installed at the third end 81 of the external pressure test tool, the third bulkhead 43 is connected with the second flange 22 through the second fastening member 52, and the gasket 60 is further disposed between the third bulkhead 43 and the second flange 22. By way of example, the second fastener 52 may be selected from among the types of fasteners available in the prior art without being separately designed and manufactured as the first fastener 51.
The surface of the third bulkhead 43 has an open fourth threaded joint 431, and the third assembly 33 is communicated with the external pressure test tool 80 through the fourth threaded joint 431. As an example, the third assembly 33 is identical to the first assembly 31 and comprises a water pump 311, a ball valve 312 and a first counter-threaded joint 313, wherein the first counter-threaded joint 313 is connected with a fourth threaded joint 431.
Next, a fourth assembly 34 having a water outlet is mounted at the fourth end 82. As an example, first, the fourth bulkhead 44 is installed at the fourth end 82, the fourth bulkhead 44 is connected to the second flange 22 by the second fastening member 52, and the gasket 60 is also disposed between the fourth bulkhead 44 and the second flange 22.
The surface of the fourth bulkhead 44 has a fifth threaded joint 441 and a sixth threaded joint 442 that are open. The fourth assembly 34 is, for example, identical to the second assembly 32 and comprises a second counter-threaded joint 321, a pressure gauge 322, a first shut-off valve 323, a gooseneck 324 and a second shut-off valve 325, wherein the second counter-threaded joint 321 is connected to a fifth threaded joint 441 and the second shut-off valve 325 is in communication with a sixth threaded joint 442.
Next, the outer pressure test fixture 80 is filled with water and maintained for a period of time. As an example, the ball valve 312 and the first stop valve 323 are opened, the second stop valve 325 is closed, the water pump 311 is started, so that the water flows into the external pressure test tool 80 through the third assembly 33, when the water is continuously discharged from the end of the gooseneck 324, it is indicated that the external pressure test tool 80 is filled with water, the first stop valve 323, the water pump 311 and the ball valve 312 are closed, and the pressure maintaining treatment is performed on the external pressure test tool 80 for at least 6 hours.
And finally, draining water in the external pressure test tool, taking out the watertight air pipe to observe whether water enters or not, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe. As an example, after the watertight air pipe 10 is taken out, whether the watertight air pipe 10 is filled with water is judged by observing the state of the coated dry powder, if no water stain exists in the watertight air pipe 10, the watertight air pipe is indicated to be filled with water, then the watertight air pipe is statically placed on a pillow block, the appearance change of the watertight air pipe 10 within 30min is observed, and if the appearance of the watertight air pipe is restored and no obvious deformation exists, the external pressure test of the watertight air pipe is indicated to be successful.
The embodiment provides a strength test method for a watertight air pipe for a ship, which fills the gap that a special method for the strength test of the watertight air pipe is lacked in the prior art, and the watertight air pipe with a rectangular cross section is selected for the test, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the service performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, the strength test method provided by the embodiment comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test of the watertight air pipe, and the reliability of the watertight air pipe subjected to the tests can be better ensured.
Example two
The present example provides a strength test apparatus for a watertight air pipe for a ship, which includes a watertight air pipe, an internal pressure test apparatus and an external pressure test apparatus, as shown in fig. 2 and 4.
As shown in FIG. 5, the watertight air duct 10 has a cross-section ofA rectangle, four corners of the rectangle are fillets, and the length of the rectangle is W1Width of H1Radius R of said fillet1Greater than or equal to 30 mm. Referring to fig. 1a to 1b, the watertight duct 10 has a first end 11 and a second end 12 at both ends thereof, a first flange 21 is fixed to the first end 11 and the second end 12, and the first flange 21 has an outer diameter W2Width of H2The inner diameter of the first flange 21 is W3Width of H3Radius of the fillet being R2The edge of which also has a plurality of bolt holes 200, W by way of example2＝W1+30mm，H2＝H1+30mm，W3＝W1+4mm，H3＝H1+4mm，R2＝R1+2 mm. The wall thickness of the watertight wind pipe 10 is d1The thickness of the first flange 21 is d2By way of example, d1≥2mm，d2＝k×d1And k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3. Compared with the watertight air pipe with the round cross section in the prior art, the watertight air pipe with the rectangular cross section is selected, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the use performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the internal pressure test apparatus includes a first block 31 and a second block 32, the first block 31 being connected to the first end 11, and the second block 32 being connected to the second end 12.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3a, the watertight air hose 10 is connected to the first assembly 31 by a first bulkhead 41. In the present embodiment, the size of the first bulkhead 41 is identical to the size of the first flange 21, i.e. the length is W2Width of H2The edge of the first blank plate 41 is provided with bolt holes 200, the positions of the bolt holes correspond to the positions of the bolt holes on the edge of the flange one by one, so that the first blank plate 41 can be connected with the first flanges 21 at the two ends of the watertight air pipe through the first fasteners 51, and a gasket 60 is further arranged between the first blank plate 41 and the first flanges 21. The surface of the first bulkhead 41 has an open first threaded connector 411, and the first component 31 is communicated with the watertight air pipe 10 through the first threaded connector 411. From the side far away from the watertight wind pipe to the side close to the watertight wind pipe, the first component 31 comprises a pipeline70, a ball valve 312 and a first mating threaded joint 313, wherein the first mating threaded joint 313 is connected with the first threaded joint 411.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3b, the watertight hose 10 is connected to the second module 32 by a second bulkhead 42. In this embodiment, the size of the second bulkhead 42 is equal to that of the first bulkhead 41, the edge of the second bulkhead 42 is provided with bolt holes 200, so that the second bulkhead 42 is connected with the first flange 21 through the first fastening member 51, and a gasket 60 is also arranged between the second bulkhead 42 and the first flange 21. The surface of the second bulkhead 42 is provided with a second screwed joint 421 and a third screwed joint 422 which are open, the second assembly 32 comprises a second matched screwed joint 321, a pressure gauge 322, a first stop valve 323 and a gooseneck 324 which are communicated, wherein the second matched screwed joint 321 is connected with the second screwed joint 421; the second assembly 32 also includes a second stop valve 325, the second stop valve 325 being in communication with a third threaded fitting 422. In this embodiment, the watertight air pipe has a pressure-bearing value P1The maximum measuring range of the pressure gauge 322 is P2，P1＜P2＜1.2P1。
As shown in fig. 4, the external pressure test apparatus includes a third assembly 33, a fourth assembly 34 and an external pressure test tool 80, the external pressure test tool 80 is a cavity structure, and two open ends of the watertight air duct 10 are hermetically placed inside the external pressure test tool 80. As an example, the two ends of the watertight air pipe 10 are installed with fifth bulkheads 45 to achieve sealing of the watertight air pipe 10, and a gasket 60 is disposed between the fifth bulkheads 45 and the first flange 21.
As an example, the external pressure test tool 80 is connected with the third assembly 33 through a third bulkhead 43, bolt holes are formed at the edge of the third bulkhead 43, so that the third bulkhead 43 is connected with the second flanges 22 at both ends of the external pressure test tool through the second fasteners 52, and a gasket 60 is further disposed between the third bulkhead 43 and the second flanges 22. As an example, a flange matched with the external pressure test tool 80 in the flange models existing in the prior art is selected as the second flange 22, and the flange does not need to be separately designed and manufactured as the first flange 21; likewise, the second fastener 52 can be selected from among the types of fasteners available in the prior art without being separately designed and manufactured as the first fastener 51.
As an example, the surface of the third bulkhead 43 has a fourth threaded joint 431 with an opening, and the third assembly 33 is communicated with the external pressure test tool 80 through the fourth threaded joint 431. The third assembly 33 comprises the same components as the first assembly 31, and the description thereof is omitted, and the first and the fourth mating threaded joints 313 and 431 of the third assembly 33 are connected.
As an example, the external pressure test tool 80 is connected with the fourth assembly 34 through a fourth bulkhead 44, the fourth bulkhead 44 is connected with the second flanges 22 at two ends of the external pressure test tool through the second fastening member 52, and a gasket 60 is arranged between the fourth bulkhead 44 and the second flanges 22. The surface of the fourth bulkhead 44 has a fifth threaded joint 441 and a sixth threaded joint 442 that are open. As an example, the fourth assembly 34 is the same as the second assembly 32, and will not be described in detail herein, and the second mating threaded connector 321 of the fourth assembly 34 is connected to the fifth threaded connector 441, and the second stop valve 325 is communicated with the sixth threaded connector 442.
The invention provides a strength test method and a device for a watertight air pipe for a ship, which fill the vacancy that the prior art lacks a special strength test method for the watertight air pipe, and the watertight air pipe with a rectangular cross section is selected for the test, so that the manufacturing cost and the weight of the watertight air pipe can be controlled on the basis of ensuring the use performance, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, the strength test method provided by the invention comprises an internal pressure test and an external pressure test on the watertight air pipe, and can ensure the reliability of the watertight air pipe after the test.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A strength test method of a watertight air pipe for a ship is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a pipe body with a rectangular cross section as a watertight air pipe, and performing stress analysis on a stress surface of the watertight air pipe, a flange connected with the watertight air pipe and a fastener by using simulation software according to the pressure bearing requirement of a watertight bulkhead to determine manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener matched with the pressure bearing requirement;
s2: manufacturing the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener according to the manufacturing parameters of the watertight air pipe, the flange and the fastener;
s3: mounting the manufactured flange and the fastener on the watertight air pipe for performing an internal pressure test;
s4: and carrying out external pressure experiment on the watertight air pipe subjected to the internal pressure experiment.
2. The strength test method of the watertight wind pipe for the ship according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s31: the two ends of the opening of the watertight air pipe are a first end and a second end, and the manufactured flanges are welded at the first end and the second end respectively;
s32: a first component with a water inlet is arranged at the first end, a second component with a water outlet is arranged at the second end, and the first component and the second component are respectively connected with the flange through the fasteners;
s33: filling water into the watertight air pipe, closing the water outlet, and adjusting the internal pressure of the watertight air pipe to reach a set pressure-bearing value P1；
S34: closing the water inlet to maintain the pressure of the watertight air pipe for a period of time;
s35: and draining water in the watertight air pipe, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe.
3. The strength test method of the watertight wind pipe for the ship according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the steps of:
s41: providing an external pressure test tool, wherein a third end and a fourth end are arranged at two ends of an opening of the external pressure test tool, a watertight air pipe subjected to an internal pressure test is placed in the external pressure test tool, a third assembly with a water inlet is installed at the third end, and a fourth assembly with a water outlet is installed at the fourth end;
s42: filling water into the external pressure test tool and maintaining the pressure for a period of time;
s43: and (4) draining water in the external pressure test tool, taking out the watertight air pipe to observe whether water enters or not, standing the watertight air pipe on the pillow block, and observing the appearance state of the watertight air pipe.
4. The strength test method for the watertight hose for the ship according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the dwell time is at least 6 h.
5. The strength test method for the watertight air pipe for the ship according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the change of the shape state of the watertight air pipe within 30min is observed.
6. The utility model provides a strength test device of marine watertight tuber pipe which characterized in that includes:
the cross section of the watertight air pipe is rectangular, the two ends of the pipe body are a first end and a second end, and the stress born by the stress surface of the watertight air pipe corresponds to the pressure bearing requirement of the watertight bulkhead;
the internal pressure test device comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, wherein the first assembly is connected with the first end, the second assembly is connected with the second end, and the second assembly is used for closing the first end and the second end of the watertight air pipe so as to maintain the pressure of the watertight air pipe within a period of time;
the external pressure test device comprises a third assembly, a fourth assembly and an external pressure test tool, wherein the external pressure test tool is of a cavity structure, the two ends of an opening of the external pressure test tool are a third end and a fourth end, the third assembly is connected with the third end, the fourth assembly is connected with the fourth end, and the two ends of a watertight air pipe are hermetically arranged inside the external pressure test tool.
7. The strength testing device for the watertight wind pipe for the ship according to claim 6, wherein the first assembly and the third assembly are identical in structure and comprise a water pump, a ball valve and a first matching threaded joint which are communicated through a pipeline.
8. The strength test device for the watertight air pipe for the ship according to claim 7, wherein the second assembly and the fourth assembly are the same in structure and comprise a second mating threaded joint, a pressure gauge, a first stop valve, a gooseneck and a second stop valve, and the second mating threaded joint, the pressure gauge, the first stop valve and the gooseneck are sequentially communicated through a pipeline.
9. The strength testing device of the watertight wind pipe for the ship according to claim 8, wherein flanges are further fixed to the first end and the second end of the watertight wind pipe.
10. The strength testing device of the watertight air pipe for the ship according to claim 9, wherein in the internal pressure testing device, the watertight air pipe is connected with the first assembly through a first bulkhead, the surface of the first bulkhead has a first threaded joint which is opened, and the first mating threaded joint is communicated with the first threaded joint; the watertight air pipe is connected with the second assembly through a second bulkhead, the surface of the second bulkhead is provided with a second threaded joint and a third threaded joint which are provided with openings, the second mating threaded joint is communicated with the second threaded joint, and the third threaded joint is communicated with the second stop valve.
11. The strength test device for the watertight wind pipe for the ship of claim 9, wherein in the external pressure test device, the external pressure test tool is connected with the third assembly through a third bulkhead, the surface of the third bulkhead has an open fourth threaded joint, and the first mating threaded joint is communicated with the fourth threaded joint; the external pressure test tool is connected with the fourth component through a fourth blank plate, a fifth threaded joint and a sixth threaded joint which are open are arranged on the surface of the fourth blank plate, wherein the second mating threaded joint is communicated with the fifth threaded joint, and the sixth threaded joint is communicated with the second stop valve.
12. The strength test device of the watertight air hose for the ship according to claim 11, wherein in the external pressure test device, the first end and the second end of the watertight air hose are provided with fifth bulkheads, and the fifth bulkheads are used for sealing the watertight air hose.
13. The strength test device for the watertight air pipe for the ship according to claim 9, wherein the cross section of the watertight air pipe is rectangular, four corners of the rectangular are rounded, and the radius R of the rounded corners is1Greater than or equal to 30 mm.
14. The strength testing device for the watertight wind pipe for the ship according to claim 13, wherein the wall thickness d of the watertight wind pipe1Not less than 2 mm; thickness d of the flange2＝k×d1And k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.
15. The strength test device for the watertight air pipe for the ship according to claim 8, wherein the set pressure-bearing value of the watertight air pipe is P1The maximum measuring range of the pressure gauge is P2，P1＜P2＜1.2P1。
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| CN202210136814.2A CN114509349A (en) | 2022-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | Strength test method and device for watertight air pipe for ship |
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| CN202210136814.2A CN114509349A (en) | 2022-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | Strength test method and device for watertight air pipe for ship |
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