CN114508540B

CN114508540B - Railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device

Info

Publication number: CN114508540B
Application number: CN202210126604.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李旭英; 孟越; 哈彩霞; 冯凯; 郭欢; 袁太红; 黄刚强; 李云霞; 刘文胜
Original assignee: CRRC Taiyuan Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Taiyuan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-10
Filing date: 2022-02-10
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-10
Also published as: CN114508540A

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device, a crank is sleeved on a transmission shaft, and the hook wedge key is connected with the transmission shaft and the crank key, and the device comprises: the clamp plate, the clamp plate includes first portion and second portion, the second portion sets up the one end formation L type in first portion, be provided with first through-hole in the first portion, one side of first through-hole is provided with the circular arc recess, the second portion is connected with the gib head taper key, the adjustment cushion is the column, be provided with the second through-hole on the adjustment cushion, one side of adjustment cushion is provided with the cambered surface with circular arc recess matched with, the connecting rod, the one end of connecting rod is provided with the restriction portion that can not pass the second through-hole, the device has expanded the locking and anti-drop technique of gib head taper key, the adaptation eliminates the error influence of gib head taper key position that each transmission part manufacturing error arouses, and the equipment process is few, the assembly is simple, effectively improve packaging efficiency and quality.

Description

Railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway freight cars, and particularly relates to a coupler head wedge key anti-loosening device for a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car.

Background

At present, railway coal and stone ballast hopper cars in China all adopt a bottom door opening and closing mechanism with two-stage transmission, mainly comprising an upper transmission device, a connecting rod assembly, a lower transmission device and the like.

The hook wedge key is used as a common part for mechanical connection, is mainly used for connecting a transmission shaft and a gear or a crank in a transmission mechanism, is used for transmitting torque, is suitable for a low-speed heavy-load working environment, and has the working principle that: the hook head wedge key is wedged between the transmission shaft and the gear or the crank key groove, positive pressure is generated on the contact surface of the connecting piece, and the transmission torque is mainly based on the friction force between the connecting piece, but not the shearing force of the connecting piece to the side surface of the hook head wedge key, so that the working surface of the hook head wedge key is an inclined surface and a bottom surface, but not two side surfaces, which is the most fundamental difference with flat key connection. The hook wedge key has the national standard GB/T1564 specification, but the following problems exist in the use process of the standard hook wedge key: 1. the anti-loosening effect is not good enough; the hook head wedge key is prevented from loosening by self-locking of the inclined plane, but the hook head wedge key also loosens under the action of oil immersion and long-term alternating load in actual use. 2. Once loosened, the side surfaces of the key become working surfaces, and the key groove is damaged due to extrusion deformation because the extrusion stress of the key groove is increased greatly due to the small thickness of the key body. 3. Under extreme conditions, there is the risk that the gib head wedge key drops, and once it drops can cause railway hopper car bottom door unexpected open and take place goods and unload the track department, influence train transportation safety. In order to prevent the hook head wedge key from axially jumping out, an L-shaped stop iron made of a steel plate bending piece is welded after the hook head wedge key at the shaft end of a transmission shaft of the railway hopper car is assembled, but the structure has the following problems: 1. the aesthetic property is relatively poor.2. Inconvenient part of changing the repairment, it is efficient to make the repairment, make to repair with high costs and have the potential safety hazard, need to cut this stop iron of assembly welding at the transmission shaft tip when overhauing the part of changing on the transmission shaft, weld after the equipment again, when welding precaution measures is improper moreover, thereby can cause the axle head bearing of bogie to cross electricity and cause the problem such as bearing pitting corrosion to influence driving safety. 3. Due to the influence of manufacturing errors and welding deformation of the stop iron, a gap may exist between the stop iron and the hook wedge key after assembly and welding, the stop iron is hammered by a hammer on site in order to eliminate the gap, and the stop iron is hammered by a hammer after being hammered by the hammer and the welding defect and the like because the stop iron and the shaft end face are welded on a single side and the welding seam is short, so that the weld seam crack and the like are easily caused. 4. The stop iron is L type cantilever structure, has the eccentricity, and the atress is not good, and L type stop iron adopts the steel sheet to bend a structure, and for being convenient for bend, the steel sheet adopts thin wall steel sheet, so cause the stop iron rigidity little, easily cause the stop iron to warp when the gib head wedge is to the axle head drunkenness, lead to the locking function of this stop iron to become invalid, lead to the keyway extrusion stress increase after the gib head wedge becomes flexible, lead to the keyway to receive extrusion deformation and damage. 5. The pre-tightening force is not easy to adjust when the hook head wedge key is blocked after the stop iron is assembled, and when the pre-tightening force is too small and is not enough to overcome the force generated by the play of the hook head wedge key or the pre-tightening force is not generated, the problem of failure of the anti-loosening function of the hook head wedge key can be caused.

At present, a hook wedge key anti-loose and anti-drop technology adopts a hook wedge key non-standard design piece, a through hole is increased by increasing the thickness of a key body, a check screw is installed in the through hole, a check screw connecting threaded hole is correspondingly arranged on a gear or a crank, if the error of the positioning size of each matching hole is large, the installation of the check screw is difficult, or the hook wedge key is not positioned after being assembled, so that the problems of insufficient pretightening force and the like are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the locking device for the wedge key of the transmission shaft of the railway hopper car.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device, which comprises:

the pressing plate comprises a first part and a second part, the second part is arranged at one end of the first part to form an L shape, a first through hole is formed in the first part, an arc groove is formed in one side of the first through hole, and the second part is connected with the hook head wedge key;

the adjusting cushion block is columnar, a second through hole is formed in the adjusting cushion block, and an arc surface matched with the arc groove is formed in one side of the adjusting cushion block;

the connecting rod, the one end of connecting rod is provided with can not pass the restriction portion of second through-hole, the other end of connecting rod pass first through-hole with the second through-hole and with the transmission shaft is connected, the connecting rod passes through adjustment cushion extrusion clamp plate makes the second portion with the gib head wedge contact.

Optionally, the connecting rod is a bolt, a threaded hole is formed in the transmission shaft, one end of the bolt penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole to be in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the nut is in threaded connection with the bolt, and one side of the nut is connected with the transmission shaft.

Optionally, the center of the circular arc groove is located in a vertical plane.

Optionally, still include locking gasket, locking gasket includes ring portion, the one end of screw rod passes ring portion, ring portion's periphery is provided with a plurality of ears that end, a plurality of the ear of ending respectively fold with the tip of bolt with the periphery of adjusting the cushion is connected.

Optionally, it is a plurality of end the ear including two fixed ears that end, two fixed ears that end all between the portion have eight activity to end the ear, fixed end the ear with face activity end the contained angle between the ear be 28.5, adjacent the contained angle between the ear is 45 to the activity.

Optionally, one end of the second portion is provided with a circular arc boss.

Optionally, stoppers are arranged on two sides of the second portion, the stoppers and the arc bosses form a U-shaped groove, and the hook wedge key is arranged in the U-shaped groove.

Optionally, the anti-loosening gasket is arranged between the end of the bolt and the adjusting cushion block, the two fixed stop lug folds are connected with the periphery of the adjusting cushion block, and the at least two movable stop lug folds are connected with the periphery of the end of the bolt.

Optionally, the one end of transmission shaft is provided with restriction portion and first keyway, the gib head taper key is connected in the keyway, be provided with the second keyway on the crank, first keyway with the second keyway forms the mounting groove, the gib head taper key can type the mounting groove.

Optionally, the center of the circular arc boss is located in a vertical plane.

The invention provides a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device, which has the beneficial effects that:

the device expands the anti-loosening and anti-falling technology of the hook wedge key, is suitable for eliminating the error influence of the position of the hook wedge key caused by the manufacturing error of each transmission part, has few assembling procedures and simple assembly, and effectively improves the assembling efficiency and quality.

And b, the hook head wedge key, the nut and the bolt adopted by the device are all standard parts, so that the device is convenient to manufacture and maintain, the universality and interchangeability of accessories are improved, the manufacturing cost can be effectively reduced, and the device has the characteristics of low cost, good economy and the like.

And c, the device is arranged on a central line right above the hook wedge key at the end part of the transmission shaft, so that the attractiveness is improved, and the occupied space is small. The sum of the reaction force of the second part of the pressure plate to the extrusion force of the exposed end part of the hook head wedge key and the reaction force of the first part of the pressure plate to the extrusion force of the screw of the hexagon bolt is the same as the pretightening force of the hexagon bolt arranged on the first part of the pressure plate, so that the stress of the device is balanced.

d the device only adds a screw hole at the transmission shaft tip, does not change any spare part structure of original transmission, can satisfy and install the transformation additional at existing tool car, can install the car requirement on newly-built car again, and the transformation expense is few, and the manufacturability is good, saves time, and is efficient, and economic nature is good.

The device adopts the fastener to connect, simple structure, compactness, safe and reliable, simple operation, and the atress is balanced.

f, the device thoroughly avoids the problems of failure of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism, driving accidents and the like caused by loosening or falling of the hook head wedge key.

The device can meet the requirement of rapid adjustment when the position deviation of the hook-head wedge key is large due to manufacturing errors, and solves the problems that the positions of the hook-head wedge keys on each transmission shaft are different after assembly due to factors such as large manufacturing accumulated errors of the key grooves of the transmission shafts, the crank key grooves, the hook-head wedge keys and the like, and the loosening and falling of the hook-head wedge keys are difficult to control by adopting the existing hook-head wedge key loosening prevention technology, so the device has low requirements on the manufacturing precision of parts, and the manufacturing or overhauling cost is reduced.

The device is simple in structure and labor-saving, the bolt can be fastened by a wrench during assembly, and the clamping groove, the bolt, the nut, the anti-loosening gasket and the like in the second part of the pressing plate have anti-loosening and anti-rotation functions, so that the device is prevented from moving and falling off, and the safety is good.

The device has the advantages that the pressing plates are connected through bolts, the sum of the reaction force of the second part of the pressing plate to the extrusion force of the exposed end part of the hook wedge key and the reaction force of the first part of the pressing plate to the extrusion force of the screw of the hexagon bolt is the same as the pretightening force of the hexagon bolt, the pressing state can be adjusted and kept in a pressing state when the position of the hook wedge key is changed due to manufacturing errors, the adjusting function is simple and rapid, the operation is convenient, and the device is suitable for various occasions, particularly field operation. The device does not change any structure of the original transmission device, does not need to carry large tools, and can be assembled and disassembled only by simple tools such as a spanner, a pliers and the like; the existing stop iron anti-loosening and anti-falling technology is welded and fixed by electric welding, a cutting tool is needed to be adopted during disassembly, if the manufacturing error is large, the L-shaped stop iron needs to be replaced or selected and matched, the stop iron needs to be hammered for many times by a hammer after assembly, the stop iron is enabled to be in contact with the exposed end part of the hook-shaped wedge key, and the stop iron is easy to crack at the welding place of the stop iron after being hammered by the hammer, so that the hidden danger of stop iron falling is caused, the problems of multiple processes, low efficiency, high manufacturing and repairing cost, difficulty in carrying of an electric welding machine and the cutting tool and the like exist.

The device has small volume and self weight, can be conveniently matched with the limited space at the end part of the transmission shaft for use, and has simple structure and convenient manufacture and use.

The thin hexagon nut on the k hexagon bolt is matched with the threads at the end part of the transmission shaft for use, so that the function of preventing looseness of the connection hexagon bolt is achieved, the hexagonal head at the second part of the hexagon bolt adopts measures such as a looseness-preventing gasket and the like to further prevent the bolt from being loosened due to rotation, the looseness-preventing and anti-falling performance of the device is improved, and the safety and the quality of the device are guaranteed.

The L-shaped stop iron anti-loosening device for the railway hopper car adopts a bolt connection structure, bolt pretightening force is transmitted to the hook wedge key and the bolt screw through the adjusting cushion block and the pressing plate, stress is reasonable, the pressing plate has enough strength and rigidity, and the problem that the technical scheme that the hook wedge key is prevented from loosening by the L-shaped stop iron for the railway hopper car is easily damaged and broken under the action of cantilever moment to influence driving safety is solved. The device has the advantages of balanced stress, high strength, high rigidity and long service life. The existing L-shaped stop iron anti-loosening technology adopts a cantilever structure, so that the rigidity is small, the L-shaped stop iron is easy to rebound after being knocked by a hammer, and a welding line is easy to crack and fall off due to fatigue influence after the stop iron is knocked.

The device is simple in structure, easy to train in units such as a vehicle section or a manufacturing and repairing factory and suitable for popularization.

n the device only needs to add a threaded hole at the end part of the transmission shaft, and the threaded hole is manufactured by adopting cold machining processes such as a lathe or an electric drill and the like, so that the potential safety hazard problems of material chemical component change of the transmission shaft and reduction of the strength of the transmission shaft can be avoided; the existing hopper car coupler head type wedge key adopts an L-shaped stop iron anti-loosening technical scheme, heat input is carried out on a transmission shaft material when stop irons are welded, namely, heat treatment is carried out on the end part of the transmission shaft, so that the chemical composition of the local material of the transmission shaft is changed, the strength of the transmission shaft is influenced, when the whole car is assembled and welded, if the ground wire of an electric welding machine is not properly connected and protected, the problems of bearing pitting corrosion and the like caused by over-current of a bearing of a bogie axle can be easily caused, and the problem of train running safety exists; in order to enable the stop iron to contact the exposed end part of the hook head type wedge key, the stop iron needs to be hammered for many times by a hammer after assembly, and the hammer is hammered to easily cause the occurrence of weld fatigue, thereby causing the hidden danger of stop iron falling; if the stop iron needs to be cut by a cutting tool when being detached, when the cutting operation is improper, the base metal at the end part of the transmission shaft is easy to damage, and the strength and the attractiveness of the end part of the transmission shaft are affected.

The device can be repeatedly used after being disassembled without affecting the quality and the function, and is good in economy, and the existing hopper car cannot be repeatedly used due to the fact that the base metal is burnt and damaged and the positioning size is changed after the base metal is cut and disassembled.

The device has the advantages of simple structure, few assembling and disassembling processes, high efficiency and good economy, and only needs to operate the fasteners and the anti-loosening gaskets on the adjusting cushion blocks and the pressure plates during assembling and disassembling, thereby solving the problems of more processes, low efficiency and high manufacturing and repairing cost of the existing hopper car adopting the stop iron welding and disassembling technology.

The device is safe and reliable, can thoroughly solve the potential safety hazards of loose falling of the stop iron and the like existing in the prior hopper car hook wedge key adopting an L-shaped stop iron anti-loosening technology, has an adjusting function, has low requirements on the processing precision of each transmission part, adopts a standard hook wedge key, and solves the problems that the manufacturing precision requirements of each related transmission part are high, the hook wedge key cannot be universal, the manufacturing cost is high, the interchangeability and the manufacturing efficiency of accessories such as the hook wedge key and a crank are influenced, the production working efficiency is low, the economical efficiency is poor and the like if a non-standard hook wedge key anti-loosening technology commonly used in industrial transmission is adopted.

The position of the extrusion clamping function of the device can be adjusted slightly, and the pretightening force of the hexagon bolt penetrating through the first part of the pressing plate is converted into a continuous pressing force for the exposed end part of the hook head wedge key through the second part of the pressing plate after the device is assembled, so that the looseness and the falling of the hook head wedge key are avoided, and the technology and the functions of looseness prevention and falling prevention of the hook head wedge key are perfected. The existing L-shaped stop iron anti-loosening technology is adopted, the pressing force on the exposed end part of the hook head wedge key is not easy to control, and no pressing force exists when the stop iron and the hook head wedge key are elastically deformed or have a gap after assembly. The hook head type wedge key anti-loosening technology adopting the hook head wedge key non-standard design piece has the advantages that the anti-loosening screws are correspondingly arranged on the gear or the crank to be connected with the threaded holes, and if the positioning dimension error of each matching hole is large, the anti-loosening screws are difficult to install, or the hook head wedge key is not in right position after being assembled, so that the problems of insufficient pre-tightening force, loosening and the like caused by other forces are caused, the hook head wedge key cannot be used generally, the manufacturing and repairing cost is high and the like.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a coupler-wedge locking device for a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of a railroad hopper car drive shaft hook and wedge locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transmission shaft of a coupler wedge locking device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a stop block of a coupler head wedge key anti-loose device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 shows a side view of a stop block of a railway hopper car drive shaft hook and wedge locking device according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pressure plate of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 shows a side view of a pressure plate of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook wedge locking device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting cushion block of a coupler head wedge key anti-loosening device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 shows a side view of an adjusting block of a coupler head wedge locking device for a transmission shaft of a railroad hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a lock washer of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 11 shows a side view of a lock washer of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook wedge lock in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 shows a force two-dimensional diagram of a pressure plate of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 shows a simplified force analysis diagram of a pressure plate of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a drive shaft; 2. a crank; 3. a nut; 4. a bolt; 5.1, pressing a plate; 5.2, a stop block; 6. adjusting the cushion block; 7. a hook wedge key; 8. a lock washer.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coupler-wedge locking device for a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a railroad hopper car drive shaft hook and wedge locking device, according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transmission shaft of a coupler-wedge locking device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a stop block of a coupler head wedge locking device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of a stop block of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook and wedge locking device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a pressure plate of a coupler head wedge key anti-loosening device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 7 shows a side view of a pressure plate of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook wedge locking device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an adjusting cushion block of a coupler head wedge key anti-loosening device of a transmission shaft of a railway hopper car according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 9 is a side view of an adjustment block of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook and wedge locking device according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a lock washer of the coupler head wedge lock device of the transmission shaft of the railroad hopper car according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 11 illustrates a side view of a lock washer of a railroad hopper car driveshaft hook wedge lock in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a schematic two-dimensional force diagram of a pressure plate of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 13 shows a simplified force analysis diagram of a pressure plate of a railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1-13, a locking device for a drive shaft hook wedge key of a railway hopper car comprises:

the pressing plate 5.1 comprises a first part and a second part, the second part is arranged at one end of the first part to form an L shape, a first through hole is formed in the first part, an arc groove is formed in one side of the first through hole, and the second part is connected with the hook head wedge key 7;

the adjusting cushion block 6 is columnar, a second through hole is formed in the adjusting cushion block 6, and an arc surface matched with the arc groove is formed in one side of the adjusting cushion block 6;

the connecting rod, the one end of connecting rod is provided with the restriction portion that can not pass the second through-hole, and the other end of connecting rod passes first through-hole and second through-hole and is connected with transmission shaft 1, and the connecting rod makes second portion and gib head wedge 7 contact through adjusting 6 extrusion clamp plates of cushion 5.1.

Specifically, the position of the adjusting cushion block 6 is limited through the connecting rod, the hook wedge key 7 is extruded through the matching of the adjusting cushion block 6 and the pressing plate 5.1, the hook wedge key 7 is convenient to install, replace and use, and meanwhile the matching of the arc groove and the arc surface achieves the effect of self-adaptive adjustment.

Further, the connecting rod is a fastener, and can limit the distance between the pressure plate 5.1 and the transmission shaft 1.

In this embodiment, still include nut 3, the connecting rod is bolt 4, is provided with the screw hole on the transmission shaft 1, and first through-hole and second through-hole and screw hole threaded connection are passed to the one end of bolt 4, and nut 3 threaded connection is on bolt 4, and one side and the transmission shaft 1 of nut 3 are connected.

Specifically, the threaded holes of the bolt 4 and the transmission shaft 1 are connected and matched, the use is simple, the adjustment is convenient, and the nut 3 can protect the threads of the bolt 4 and prevent looseness.

Further, the nut 3 is a hexagonal thin nut 3, the bolt 4 is a hexagonal bolt, and one end is a threaded portion and the other end is a polished rod portion.

In this embodiment, the center of the circular arc groove is located in the vertical plane.

Specifically, the first through hole is a bolt 4 penetrating hole with the diameter D, the arc groove is arranged at the center of the axis of the outer end of the bolt 4 penetrating hole close to the end of the bolt 4, the radius is R, the width is A, the length dimension E of the boundary line between the arc groove and the pressing plate 5.1 is related to the sinking amount of the arc groove, two side faces of the width A of the arc groove are parallel to the planes of two sides of the pressing plate 5.1, a certain interval is reserved to ensure the strength and rigidity of the pressing plate 5.1, and in order to ensure the adjusting function of relative rotation of the pressing plate 5.1 and the adjusting cushion block 6, the width dimension A of the arc groove is larger than the width dimension B of the adjusting cushion block 6, and a reasonable gap is reserved;

the adjusting cushion block 6 is a boss body processed by a steel plate, the left side surface of the adjusting cushion block is an arc surface with the radius of R, the right side surface of the adjusting cushion block is a rectangular plane with the width of B and the length of C, the upper and lower surfaces of the adjusting cushion block are rectangular planes with the width of M and the length of B, the front and rear surfaces of the adjusting cushion block are closed planes consisting of an arc line with the radius of R on the left side, an upper and lower straight line segment with the length of M and a right straight line segment with the length of C, a second through hole with the diameter of D is arranged in the center of the arc surface of the adjusting cushion block 6, the convex arc surface of the adjusting cushion block 6 is matched with the arc groove surface arranged on the first portion of the pressing plate 5.1, the two arc surfaces are mutually matched to achieve the effect of micro-rotation adjustment of the central point of the arc R, and the width size M of the adjusting cushion block 6 can be zero according to needs.

In this embodiment, still include locking gasket 8, locking gasket 8 includes ring portion, and ring portion is passed to the one end of screw rod, and ring portion's periphery is provided with a plurality of ears that end, and a plurality of ears fold respectively to be connected with the tip of bolt 4 and the periphery of adjusting cushion 6.

Specifically, the bolt 4 is prevented from loosening by the lock washer 8.

In this embodiment, the plurality of stop lugs include two fixed stop lugs, eight movable stop lugs are respectively arranged between the two fixed stop lugs, an included angle between each fixed stop lug and the adjacent movable stop lug is 28.5 °, and an included angle between the adjacent movable stop lugs is 45 °.

Specifically, when the hexagonal second part of the bolt 4 is rotated to any position or angle, at least two movable stop lugs are pried to be attached to the plane of the hexagonal square head of the hexagonal bolt.

Further, the anti-loosening gasket 8 is formed by stamping a thin-wall steel plate with the thickness of 0.5-1 mm and the material of Q235A, and in order to improve the corrosion resistance, the surface of the anti-loosening gasket 8 is subjected to a galvanizing or bluing treatment process.

In this embodiment, one end of the second portion is provided with a circular arc boss.

Specifically, the second portion (action portion) of the pressing plate 5.1 is an arc-structure boss of the R1, so that when the pressing plate rotates slightly, the second portion is in line contact with the exposed end face of the hook wedge key 7, the contact area is increased, the pressure is reduced, the contact face is prevented from being damaged by extrusion, and meanwhile, the pretightening force of the bolt 4 is transmitted to the exposed end face of the hook wedge key 7, so that the hook wedge key 7 is prevented from loosening or falling off.

In this embodiment, two sides of the second portion are provided with the stoppers 5.2, the stoppers 5.2 and the arc boss form a U-shaped groove, and the hook wedge 7 is arranged in the U-shaped groove.

Specifically, the U-shaped groove is used for limiting, the pressing plate is prevented from rotating around the bolt 4 connected with the first portion of the U-shaped groove, the stop block 5.2 is further formed by machining a steel plate, circular arc smooth transition processing is adopted at the exposed angle portion of the stop block 5.2, operators are prevented from being injured by the stop block, and the pressing plate and the stop block 5.2 can be integrally cast or forged by a casting or forging process during mass production.

In this embodiment, the anti-loosening gasket 8 is arranged between the end of the bolt 4 and the adjusting cushion block 6, the two fixed lug folds are connected with the periphery of the adjusting cushion block 6, and the at least two movable lug folds are connected with the periphery of the end of the bolt 4.

In this embodiment, the one end of transmission shaft 1 is provided with restriction portion and first keyway, and 7 keys of gib head wedge key are connected in the keyway, are provided with the second keyway on the crank, and first keyway and second keyway form the mounting groove, and the mounting groove can be typeeed to gib head wedge key 7.

In this embodiment, the center of the circular arc boss is located in the vertical plane.

In the embodiment of the anti-loosening device for the hook-head wedge key 7 of the transmission shaft 1 of the railway hopper car, taking the use of the railway hopper car as an example, after all parts are assembled on the transmission shaft 1, the crank 2 is sleeved on the end part of the transmission shaft 1, the hook-head wedge key 7 is assembled after the key groove of the transmission shaft 1 is aligned with the wedge-shaped key groove on the crank 2, the hexagonal bolt is sequentially inserted into the through holes arranged on the anti-loosening gasket 8, the adjusting cushion block 6 and the pressure plate 5.1, meanwhile, two fixing stop lugs of the anti-loosening gasket 8 are correspondingly inserted into the front and back two irregular quadrilateral side surfaces of the adjusting cushion block 6 respectively and are tightly attached to the side surfaces to be in a loosening-preventing position, the hexagonal thin nut 3 is assembled, the hexagonal thin nut 3 is moved and adjusted to deviate from the position of the pressure plate 5.1 so that the bolt 4 has enough connecting thread length, and the thread part of the assembled bolt 4 is clockwise screwed into the thread hole at the end part of the transmission shaft 1, after the anti-loose gasket 8 is closely attached to the plane of the adjusting cushion block 6 and the hexagonal second part of the hexagon bolt, the groove arc surface of the first part of the pressing plate 5.1 is closely attached to the arc surface of the adjusting cushion block 6, the second part of the pressing plate 5.1 is rotated by hand to enable the groove arc surface to rotate anticlockwise around the central point F of the radius R along the arc surface of the adjusting cushion block 6, two arc surfaces are always closely attached in the rotating process until the uppermost edge of the left side of the hole of the pressing plate 5.1 touches the hexagon bolt screw and rotates corresponding to the upper G point (at the moment, the hole surface of the bolt 4 on the outer side of the pressing plate is in an inclined angle with the end surface of the transmission shaft 1, the holes of the pressing plate are not in contact with the screw rod G of the bolt 4 except for the other hole parts, and unequal gaps are left), the R1 arc pressing plate hexagonal bolt second part of the pressing plate is tightly pressed on the exposed end surface of the hook wedge 7 by using a spanner or a sleeve, and simultaneously the second part of the pressing plate and the two side stoppers 5.2 are clamped at two sides of the hook wedge 7, after the hexagon bolt is screwed to meet the requirement of fastening torque, the thin hexagon nut 3 is screwed by a spanner to be tightly attached to the end face of the shaft, and finally the bolt anti-loosening gasket 8 movable stop lug is pried in a reverse symmetrical mode to be closely attached to the side face of the hexagon head of the hexagon bolt to be in an anti-loosening position, and at least two movable stop lugs are pried to achieve the anti-loosening effect of the hexagon bolt.

The device is disassembled by the following steps and methods (disassembling and assembling are in reverse order):

firstly, a wrench and other tools are used for attaching the pried movable stop lug to the plane of the adjusting cushion block 6, the bolt 4 can be conveniently rotated until the prying tool is used, then a wrench or a sleeve and other tools are used for respectively rotating and loosening the thin hexagonal nut 3 and the hexagonal bolt anticlockwise, the thin hexagonal nut 3, the pressing plate 5.1, the adjusting cushion block 6, the bolt anti-loosening gasket 8 and the hexagonal bolt are sequentially disassembled, and the components can be repeatedly assembled and used when the states of the components are checked to be good.

The device utilizes the principles of stress balance and moment balance,

wherein F is the power that the hexagon bolt pretightning force transmitted the clamp plate through adjustment cushion 6, and F1 is the reaction force of clamp plate to hexagon bolt screw rod pressure force, and F2 is the reaction force of clamp plate circular arc second portion to gib head wedge 7 exposed terminal surface pressure force, and L1, L2 are F respectively, F2 are around the arm of force when 4 holes of clamp plate bolt and 4 screw rod action points G are rotatory, can obtain following formula according to stress balance and moment balance principle: (1) F = F1+ F2; (2) F L1= F2L 2, can learn from the above-mentioned formula, need shorten the arm of force L2 of effort F2, just can increase clamp plate circular arc second portion and to the exposed terminal surface of gib head wedge 7 and compress tightly the effort, thereby guarantee the device plays locking anti-drop's function to gib head wedge 7, so choose L2 for use as far as possible to be short a bit, promptly under the space with do not influence the prerequisite of using, the bolt 4 connecting hole of addding on the transmission shaft 1 axle head is close to gib head wedge 7 position as far as possible, so the screw hole that the addding that corresponds transmission shaft 1 terminal surface is inclined to keyway one side as far as possible. In order to prevent the vehicle from generating excessive vibration or impact force in a severe running environment and overcome the static friction force of each contact surface of the pressure plate and the adjusting cushion block 6, so that the pressure plate and the adjusting cushion block 6 do rotational motion with one degree of freedom around the longitudinal central line of the hexagon bolt, and the circular arc second part of the pressure plate is separated from the exposed end surface of the hook wedge key 7 to lose the protection effect on the hook wedge key 7, the two side surfaces of the circular arc second part of the pressure plate are additionally provided with the stop blocks 5.2 to form a clamping groove with the circular arc second part of the pressure plate, and when the circular arc second part of the pressure plate is contacted and pressed with the exposed end part of the hook wedge key 7, the circular arc second part of the pressure plate can be clamped at the two sides of the exposed end part of the hook wedge key 7 along the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 1, so as to limit, stop the pressure plate and the adjusting cushion block 6 from rotating around the longitudinal central line of the hexagon bolt thereon.

The anti-loosening, anti-falling and adjusting functions of the device are as follows:

according to the principle of stress balance and moment balance, the pressing force of the hexagonal bolt pretightening force F transmitted to the adjusting cushion block 6 is F, the pressing force of the adjusting cushion block 6 transmitted to the pressing plate is also F, the pressing force F on the pressing plate is converted into an acting force F1 acted on a screw G point of the bolt 4 by the pressing plate and a pressing acting force F2 acted on the exposed end face of the hook wedge key 7 by the circular arc second part of the pressing plate, and the pressing acting force F2 acted on the exposed end face of the hook wedge key 7 by the pressing plate is kept to be larger than the fleeing force or the pretightening force of the hook wedge key 7, so that the pressing plate 5.1 plays a role in preventing the hook wedge key 7 from loosening or falling off, and the occurrence of loosening or falling off of the hook wedge key 7 is prevented.

The action principle of the adjusting cushion block 6 is as follows:

(1) The automatic centering function enables the arc surface of the groove of the pressure plate to finely move around the arc central point along the convex arc surface;

(2) The arc surface is adopted to increase the contact area, reduce the pressure intensity of the contact surface, reduce the friction force of the contact surface and prevent the contact arc surface from being extruded and damaged;

(3) The pretightening force of the bolt 4 is transmitted to the pressing plate, and then the force is transmitted to the exposed end surface of the hook head wedge key 7 through the pressing plate;

(4) After the arc boss is contacted with the arc groove of the pressing plate, the small gaps between the end faces of the two sides of the arc boss and the end faces of the two sides of the arc groove of the pressing plate are matched with the bolt contact points G of the bolts 4 of the pressing plate to be used, so that the adjusting cushion block 6 has the function of positioning the pressing plate, namely, the pressing plate is prevented from moving in the left, right, front and back directions and the up and down directions after the device is assembled, and the safety and the reliability of the device are ensured.

If the assembled position of the hook wedge key 7 does not accord with the theoretical position and deviates to the outer side or the inner side of the transmission shaft 1 due to factors such as manufacturing errors of the matching sizes of all parts and components of the transmission device, the device can still be normally assembled and disassembled for use according to the method, but the length of the thread for screwing the hexagon bolt into the transmission shaft 1 is little or more, and the adjustment is convenient.

The device of the invention makes full use of the narrow space arrangement of the end of the transmission shaft 1 to balance the stress of the device. The device adopts a bolt 4 fastening structure and part of standard accessories, is convenient to manufacture, overhaul and disassemble, can be repeatedly used, improves the universality and interchangeability of the accessories, reduces the assembling and disassembling time, improves the manufacturing and overhauling efficiency, can effectively reduce the manufacturing and overhauling cost, and has the characteristics of low cost, good economy and the like.

The device has simple, safe and reliable structure, has the functions of looseness prevention, drop prevention and position adjustment, is suitable for being additionally arranged and modified on the existing railway vehicle and applied to a newly-built railway wagon in batches, and has small volume, is convenient to carry and meets the requirement of field operation.

According to the device, the boss of the adjusting cushion block 6 is matched with the arc surface and the end surfaces at two sides of the groove of the pressure plate 5.1 for use, the pressure plate can slightly rotate around the adjusting cushion block 6 before the bolt 4 is fastened without generating clamping stagnation, and the limiting function is realized after the bolt 4 is fastened, so that the pressure plate is prevented from moving in the left and right directions, the front and back directions and the up and down directions, and the safety and the reliability of the device are ensured.

The device only needs to add a threaded connection hole at 1 tip of transmission shaft, can adopt the manual hinge of portable electric drill cooperation to detain the processing and accomplish, can not change original transmission's any structure, need not carry large-scale instrument, only can assemble and dismantle with simple tools such as spanner, can show the equipment that improves transmission and maintenance efficiency and quality with existing car comparison.

Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a locking device of asking for of right car transmission shaft hook wedge key of railway funnel, the epaxial cover of transmission book is equipped with the crank, the hook wedge key with transmission shaft and crank key-type connection, its characterized in that includes:

one end of the connecting rod is provided with a limiting part which cannot penetrate through the second through hole, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole and is connected with the transmission shaft, and the connecting rod extrudes the pressing plate through the adjusting cushion block to enable the second part to be in contact with the hook head wedge key;

the connecting rod is a fastener and can limit the distance between the pressing plate and the transmission shaft.

2. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a nut, wherein the connecting rod is a bolt, a threaded hole is formed in the transmission shaft, one end of the bolt penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole to be in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the nut is in threaded connection with the bolt, and one side of the nut is connected with the transmission shaft.

3. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a center of the circular arc groove is located in a vertical plane.

4. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook and wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising an anti-loosening gasket, wherein the anti-loosening gasket comprises a ring portion, the one end of the bolt penetrates through the ring portion, a plurality of stopping lugs are arranged on the periphery of the ring portion, and the plurality of stopping lugs are respectively folded to be connected with the end portion of the bolt and the periphery of the adjusting cushion block.

5. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the plurality of stopping lugs comprise two fixed stopping lugs, eight movable stopping lugs are arranged between the two fixed stopping lugs, an included angle between each fixed stopping lug and the adjacent movable stopping lug is 28.5 degrees, and an included angle between the adjacent movable stopping lugs is 45 degrees.

6. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the second portion is provided with a circular arc boss.

7. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device as claimed in claim 6, wherein stoppers are arranged on both sides of the second portion, the stoppers and the circular arc boss form a U-shaped groove, and the hook wedge is arranged in the U-shaped groove.

8. The railroad hopper car transmission shaft hook and wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said anti-loosening washer is disposed between the end of said bolt and said adjusting pad, and at least two of said movable lugs are folded and connected to the outer periphery of the end of said bolt.

9. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge locking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the transmission shaft is provided with a limiting part and a first key slot, the hook wedge key is connected in the key slot, the crank is provided with a second key slot, the first key slot and the second key slot form a mounting slot, and the hook wedge key can be keyed into the mounting slot.

10. The railway hopper car transmission shaft hook wedge key anti-loosening device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the circle center of the circular arc boss is located in a vertical plane.