CN114508161B - Ecological protection restoration landslide drainage system - Google Patents
Ecological protection restoration landslide drainage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114508161B CN114508161B CN202210197723.XA CN202210197723A CN114508161B CN 114508161 B CN114508161 B CN 114508161B CN 202210197723 A CN202210197723 A CN 202210197723A CN 114508161 B CN114508161 B CN 114508161B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
- E02D3/103—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains by installing wick drains or sand bags
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F7/00—Other installations or implements for operating sewer systems, e.g. for preventing or indicating stoppage; Emptying cesspools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological protection and restoration landslide drainage system, which comprises a slope body and a protection structure arranged on the slope body, wherein the protection structure comprises a cement protection frame paved on the surface of the slope body and an anchoring part arranged in the slope body, the anchoring part comprises a columnar body, a drainage channel formed in the columnar body and a water permeable hole formed in the columnar body and communicated with the drainage channel, the end part of the columnar body is integrally arranged with the protection frame, one end of the drainage channel connected with the cement protection frame is communicated with the outside, the cement protection frame and the anchoring part are integrally arranged by arranging the anchoring part in the slope body, the strength of the cement protection frame is improved, the cement protection frame is prevented from slipping, the drainage channel is arranged in the anchoring part, and the water permeable hole is formed in the side wall, so that water in the slope body can timely flow into the drainage channel through the water permeable hole and flow out along with the drainage channel, and the risk of landslide is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a landslide drainage system for ecological protection restoration.
Background
The method is characterized in that a mountain is mined disorderly for a long time by human beings, a large number of natural vegetation can be damaged, the mountain is damaged to form an exposed slope, the slope is not protected by vegetation, rainwater directly permeates in rainy days to cause natural disasters such as landslide, the conventional method for solving the problem is to carry out ecological restoration on the slope of the mountain, the main method is to arrange a cement protective frame on the slope of the mountain and arrange a soil layer in a frame body, then plants are planted, the slope can be reinforced by the cement protective frame body, the landslide can be prevented to a certain extent, and the plants are planted to carry out ecological restoration; but cement protective frame is mostly direct to be built at domatic, can appear protective frame slippage phenomenon after the rainwash, and the rainwater still can be through inside the plant infiltration mountain, still can take place the landslide phenomenon when mountain soil layer water content is too big.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application provides an ecological protection and restoration landslide drainage system to solve the technical problems in the background art.
The invention provides an ecological protection and restoration landslide drainage system which comprises a slope body and a protection structure arranged on the slope body, wherein the protection structure comprises a cement protection frame paved on the surface of the slope body and an anchoring piece arranged in the slope body, the anchoring piece comprises a columnar body, a drainage channel formed inside the columnar body and a water permeable hole formed in the columnar body and communicated with the drainage channel, the end part of the columnar body is integrally arranged with the protection frame, and one end of the drainage channel connected with the cement protection frame is communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, the cement protective frame comprises a plurality of transverse frames and a longitudinal frame, the transverse frames are arranged from top to bottom along the slope body at intervals in sequence, the longitudinal frame is arranged in a crossed mode, a first drainage groove is formed in each transverse frame, and a second drainage groove communicated with the first drainage groove is formed in each longitudinal frame.
Further, still including set up in the barricade of the slope body slope end, the barricade with longitudinal frame intersects the setting, still be provided with the outlet in the wall of barricade, the outlet is close to one side of the slope body still is provided with the anti-package of straining.
Further, still an organic whole is provided with a plurality of antiskid raised parts along axial direction on the lateral wall of column body, antiskid raised part set up in the left and right sides of column body.
Furthermore, the side wall of the columnar body sequentially comprises a tubular supporting inner layer and a mortar layer from inside to outside, two bearing ribs are further arranged in the mortar layer along the axial direction of the columnar body, and the two bearing ribs are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the drainage channel.
Furthermore, the drainage channel is inclined upwards gradually from one end close to the protective frame to the other end, the included angle between the axis of the drainage channel and the horizontal plane is alpha, and the alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and more than or equal to 0 degree.
Further, the water storage tank is arranged on the slope body and corresponds to the longitudinal frame, and an opening of the water storage tank is communicated with the second drainage groove.
Further, the method for forming the drainage system comprises the following steps:
step one, slope body correction: building a retaining wall at the bottom of the slope body, and then correcting the slope body to a preset angle according to construction requirements;
step two, arranging a protective structure on the slope body;
1. a plurality of anchoring parts are arranged at intervals along the arrangement positions of the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame according to a construction drawing;
2. at least one water storage well is arranged on the slope body along the laying direction of the longitudinal frame;
3. the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame are laid on a slope body and wrap the end parts of the anchoring parts, so that the outlet of the drainage channel is communicated with the corresponding first drainage groove or the second drainage groove, and the second drainage groove is communicated with the water storage well;
and thirdly, planting vegetation on the slope body between the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame.
Further, in the second step, the step of arranging the anchor includes the steps of:
(1) drilling a bottom hole on the slope body according to the arrangement position of the anchoring piece, wherein the included angle between the axis of the bottom hole and the horizontal plane is equal to alpha;
(2) a plurality of concave holes are formed in the side wall of the bottom hole in an extruding mode through an extruding device;
(3) taking a tubular support inner layer with corresponding length according to the length of the bottom hole, extending the tubular support inner layer into the first end of the bottom hole, closing the first end, sleeving a first support piece on the first end of the tubular support inner layer, and penetrating two bearing ribs on the left side and the right side of the first support piece;
(4) connecting a grouting pipe on a grouting hole on a first supporting piece, connecting a gas conveying pipe on a first annular gas bag of the first supporting piece, and then communicating a first end of a tubular supporting inner layer with the first supporting piece and two bearing ribs to extend into the bottom of a bottom hole together;
(5) an annular second support piece is arranged at the opening position of the bottom hole, and the tubular support inner layer and the two bearing ribs penetrate through the second support piece;
(6) the first annular air bag is inflated and expanded through the air conveying pipe, so that the first annular air bag is attached to the inner side wall of the bottom hole, the tubular support inner layer and the bottom hole are coaxially arranged, and the two bearing ribs are parallel to the axial direction of the bottom hole and are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the tubular support inner layer;
(7) injecting mortar through a grouting pipe, filling the mortar into the area between one side of the first supporting piece close to the bottom of the bottom hole and the tubular supporting inner layer and the bottom hole, pushing the first supporting piece to slide on the tubular supporting inner layer under the action of the pressure of the mortar, and stopping grouting until the first supporting piece slides to the opening position of the bottom hole, so that a columnar body is formed, wherein the internal channel of the tubular supporting inner layer is a drainage channel;
(8) after the mortar is dried for presetting, arranging the hole-forming device in the tubular support inner layer, and forming water-permeable holes in the side wall of the columnar body;
(9) and (3) decompressing the first annular air bag, and then taking down the first annular air bag from the inner layer of the tubular support to form the anchoring piece.
Further, crowded hole device include column support piece, set up in drive unit on the column support piece and branch are located two extrusion units of the relative both sides of support piece, the extrusion unit include one end set up in last first power telescopic link of column support piece, set up in the rigidity push pedal of first power telescopic link tip, set up in the rigidity push pedal is kept away from the stripper plate of column support piece one side, follow on the stripper plate the flexible direction of first power telescopic link is provided with the guide bar, be provided with in the rigidity push pedal with the guiding hole of guide bar looks adaptation, the guide bar passes the one end of guiding hole still is provided with the locating part, still the cover is equipped with the pressure spring on the guide bar, follow in the rigidity push pedal the flexible direction of first power telescopic link still is provided with the extrusion post, seted up on the stripper plate with the corresponding hole that passes, two the extrusion unit first power telescopic link flexible opposite direction and all with column support piece's axial verticality, drive unit includes the drive wheel, the pivot of drive wheel with column support piece's axis is perpendicular.
Further, drive unit include two set up in two drive subunits of the relative both sides of column support piece, drive subunit include one end set up in second power telescopic link on the column support piece, set up in the arc deflector of second power telescopic link tip, the drive wheel set up in on the arc deflector, the flexible direction perpendicular to of second power telescopic link the flexible direction of first power telescopic link.
Further, the hole forming device comprises a cylindrical body, an installation cavity with an opening at one end is coaxially formed in the cylindrical body, the hole forming device further comprises an air chamber arranged in the installation cavity and three guide cylinders communicated with the air chamber, a lead screw nut is coaxially arranged at the end part of each guide cylinder, a lead screw is connected with an internal thread of the lead screw nut, a piston is arranged in each guide cylinder, the lead screw is rotatably connected with the piston, twist drill rods are coaxially arranged at the other end of the lead screw, and a plurality of guide through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the three twist drill rods are further formed in the side wall of the installation cavity; at least one second annular gasbag on the cylindric body lateral wall, be provided with at least one vent on the air chamber, still be provided with air vent and mounting hole on the bottom surface of installation cavity, be provided with the range finding probe in the mounting hole.
Furthermore, the number of the second annular air bags is two, and the two annular air bags are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide through hole along the axial direction of the cylindrical body.
The invention provides a landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration, which is characterized in that an anchoring part is arranged in a slope body, a cement protection frame and the anchoring part are integrally arranged, the strength of the cement protection frame is improved, the cement protection frame is prevented from slipping, a drainage channel is arranged in the anchoring part, and a water permeable hole is arranged on the side wall, so that water in the slope body can timely flow into the drainage channel through the water permeable hole and flow out along with the drainage channel, and the risk of landslide is reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional structure view ofbase:Sub>A positionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structure view at the position B-B in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at C in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view at D-D in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a floating member in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the present invention for drilling a bottom hole in a slope.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the inner layer of the tubular support in the bottom hole of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of mortar injection between the inner layer of the tubular support and the bottom hole through the grouting pipe in the invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in which water permeable holes are formed in the sidewall of the columnar body.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at E in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a first support member in the landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration provided by the invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the hole extruding apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view at F-F in the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the hole forming device 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view at G-G in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The invention provides a landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration, and as a specific implementation mode, with reference to fig. 1-5, the drainage system comprises a slope body 1 and a protective structure 2 arranged on the slope body 1, wherein the protective structure comprises a cement protective frame 21 laid on the surface of the slope body and an anchoring piece 22 arranged in the slope body, the anchoring piece 22 comprises a columnar body 221, a drainage channel 222 formed inside the columnar body 221 and a water permeable hole 223 arranged on the columnar body and communicated with the drainage channel, the end part of the columnar body 221 is integrally arranged with the protective frame 21, and one end of the drainage channel 222 connected with the cement protective frame 21 is communicated with the outside.
Specifically, through setting up protective structure 2, adopt anchor assembly 22 anchor inside the slope body, and set up anchor assembly 22's tip and cement protective frame 21 an organic whole, thereby can improve protective structure 2's overall structure's intensity, avoid protective frame slippage under the condition of rainwash, on the other hand is through setting up drainage channel inside anchor assembly 22's column body, and set up permeable hole 223 on the lateral wall of column body, make the rainwater that permeates into the slope body inside can get into drainage channel 222 from permeable hole 223 in rainwater weather, in time get rid of the rainwater that permeates slope body 1 inside through drainage channel, thereby can effectually protect the slope body, the phenomenon of prevention slope body landslide takes place, and after setting up protective structure 2, can lay the basic soil layer on the surface of the slope body that cement protective frame 21 exposes, then plant green planting on the basic soil layer, can restore the ecological environment of hillside, restore the ecological environment of slope body.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, as a specific embodiment, the cement protective frame 21 includes a plurality of transverse frames 210 sequentially arranged from top to bottom at intervals along the slope 1 and a longitudinal frame 211 intersecting the transverse frames 210, the transverse frame 210 is provided with a first water drainage channel 2101, and the longitudinal frame 211 is provided with a second water drainage channel 2110 communicating with the first water drainage channel 2101.
Specifically, as a preferred embodiment, by providing the transverse frame 21 and providing the first drainage channel 2101 on the transverse frame 21, rainwater flowing down from a slope in rainwater weather can flow into the first drainage channel 2101, and then flow into the second drainage channel collected by the first drainage channel 2101, and drainage of rainwater is performed by the second drainage channel, the time for rainwater to flow on a slope can be effectively shortened, rainwater is prevented from collecting on the slope to form a large flow of water, soil erosion caused by rainwater flowing on the slope can be effectively reduced, and a better protection effect can be achieved.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the protective structure 2 of the present invention further includes a retaining wall 23 disposed at the bottom of the slope body 1, the retaining wall and the longitudinal frame 211 are disposed in an intersecting manner, a drainage hole 231 is further disposed in the wall body of the retaining wall 23, and a reverse filter pack 232 is further disposed on one side of the drainage hole 231 close to the slope body 1.
Specifically, the drainage holes 231 are arranged to timely drain rainwater permeating between the ramp and the retaining wall 23, and the reverse filter bag 232 can filter soil in the rainwater to avoid water and soil loss, wherein the reverse filter bag 232 is also called a reverse filter layer in the field, and refers to a graded sand gravel layer with a particle size from fine to coarse in the water flow direction, and is laid at the water inlet of a large-opening well or an infiltration canal; the reverse filtering layer is made of 2-4 layers of sand, gravel or pebble with different particle sizes, the particles are gradually increased along the direction of water flow, and the particles of any layer are not allowed to pass through the pores of the adjacent thicker layer. The particles in the same layer cannot move relatively. After the inverted filter layer is arranged, the seepage water is taken away from the soil in the dam body or the foundation when flowing out, so that piping and soil flowing can be prevented. The reverse filter layer is usually arranged on a dam or a permeable foundation built by materials such as earth and stones, and is also commonly used for treating dangerous situations such as piping, soil flowing and the like in flood prevention.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 5, a plurality of anti-skid protrusions 2210 are further integrally provided on the outer side wall of the cylindrical body 221 along the axial direction, and the anti-skid protrusions 2210 are provided on the left and right sides of the cylindrical body 221.
Specifically, by integrally providing a plurality of anti-slip protrusions 2210 on the outer side wall of the cylindrical body 221, the protrusions 2210 can extend into the soil layer of the slope, so as to improve the firmness of the cylindrical body 221 inside the slope, thereby further improving the strength of the protection frame 21, wherein the method for forming the anti-slip protrusions 2210 is referred to below.
Further, as a specific implementation manner, referring to fig. 5, the sidewall of the cylindrical body 221 sequentially includes a tubular supporting inner layer 221a and a mortar layer 221b from inside to outside, two force-bearing ribs 2211 are further disposed in the mortar layer 221b along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 221, and the two force-bearing ribs 2211 are disposed on the left and right sides of the drainage channel 222. The structural strength of the columnar body 221 can be improved by providing the bearing rib 2211, and the tensile effect of the columnar body is improved.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the drainage channel 222 is inclined gradually upwards from one end close to the protection frame 21 to the other end, and the axis of the drainage channel 222 forms an angle α with the horizontal plane, wherein 3 ° α ≧ α. By this arrangement, the flow of water from within the drainage channel within the anchor member is more facilitated in use.
Further, it can be understood that the larger the angle of the included angle α is, the more favorable the water flow flows out from the drainage channel, but when the included angle α is too large, the end part of the columnar body located inside the slope body needs to be inclined upwards, and when the slope body is in rainy weather, the water content of the upper soil layer is large due to the penetration of rainwater, when the included angle α is too large, the whole columnar body is located in the upper soil layer of the slope body, and the columnar body cannot well play an anchoring role in rainy weather, in order to avoid the occurrence of the phenomenon, the included angle α is calculated by the following steps that the distance between two adjacent transverse frames 210 along the direction of the slope body is L1, the included angle between the slope body 1 and the horizontal plane is β, the historical maximum rainfall of the area is θ, and the permeability coefficient of the soil layer of the slope body is μ; adjustment coefficient of&The value range is from 37 to 5.98, the length of the columnar body 221 is L2, wherein sin α = (θ = μ =& L1 -2 ）/tanβ。
Further, as a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 6, the water storage device further includes a water storage well 24 provided on the slope body 1 corresponding to the longitudinal frame 211, and an opening of the water storage well communicates with the second drainage groove 2110.
Specifically, it can be understood that due to uneven precipitation, in the time of less rainfall, watering maintenance is needed after planting green plants on the ramp, and by arranging the water storage well 24 at the position corresponding to the longitudinal frame 211, rainwater is collected and stored through the water storage well, so that irrigation of the green plants on the ramp is facilitated; in order to solve the problem that sundries and gravel soil are mixed in rainwater flowing down on a slope of rainy weather, the sundries can be deposited at the bottom of the water storage well after directly flowing into the water storage well 24 for a long time, and the water demand is reduced, a floating piece 240 is further arranged in the water storage well, referring to fig. 6, the floating piece 240 comprises a floating layer 2401 and a water permeable filter layer 2402 arranged on the upper surface of the floating layer 2401, wherein a plurality of channels 2403 are vertically arranged in the floating layer 2401, the floating layer 2401 can be made of materials such as foamed plastics, the filter layer 2402 can be made of materials such as fiber filter cloth, polypropylene filter cloth, nylon filter cloth, vinylon filter cloth and the like, through the arrangement mode, water flowing into the water storage well 24 can flow into the lower part of the water storage well from the channels 2403 through filtering, the sundries are left above the filter layer 2402 and float up along with the rising of the water level, the upper surface of the floating piece 240 is exposed from the well mouth of the water storage well after the water storage well 24 is filled, and the sundries can flow away along with a second water storage tank, and the purpose of cleaning water drainage groove is achieved.
Further, as a specific embodiment, the method for forming the drainage system provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, slope body correction: building a retaining wall 23 at the bottom of the slope body 1, and then correcting the slope body 1 to a preset angle according to construction requirements;
step two, arranging a protective structure on the slope body 1;
1. a plurality of anchoring parts 22 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement positions of the transverse frame 210 and the longitudinal frame 211 according to construction drawings;
2. at least one water storage well 24 is arranged on the slope body along the laying direction of the longitudinal frame 211;
3. laying and forming the transverse frame 210 and the longitudinal frame 211 on a slope body, enabling the transverse frame 210 and the longitudinal frame 211 to wrap the end part of the anchoring piece 22, enabling the outlet of the drainage channel 222 to be communicated with the corresponding first drainage groove 2101 or second drainage groove 2110, and enabling the second drainage groove 2110 to be communicated with the water storage well 24;
and thirdly, planting vegetation on the slope body between the transverse frame 210 and the longitudinal frame 211.
Further, referring to fig. 7-12, in the second step, the step of disposing the anchor 22 includes the steps of:
(1) referring to fig. 7, drilling a bottom hole 51 on the slope body 1 according to the setting position of the anchoring piece 22, wherein the included angle between the axis of the bottom hole 51 and the horizontal plane is equal to α;
(2) a plurality of concave holes are extruded on the side wall of the bottom hole 51 through the hole extruding device 6; specifically, refer to fig. 13 and 14, the structural schematic diagram of the hole extruding device 6 is shown, the hole extruding device 6 includes a cylindrical support member 61, a driving unit disposed on the cylindrical support member 61 and two extruding units disposed on two opposite sides of the support member 61, the extruding unit includes one end disposed on a first power telescopic rod 631 on the cylindrical support member 61, a rigid push plate 632 disposed on an end portion of the first power telescopic rod 631, a pressing plate 633 disposed on one side of the cylindrical support member 61 and away from the rigid push plate 632, a guiding rod disposed on the pressing plate 633 along a stretching direction of the first power telescopic rod, a guiding hole adapted to the guiding rod is disposed on the rigid push plate, the guiding rod passes through one end of the guiding hole and is further provided with a limit member 6341, the guiding rod 634 is further sleeved with a pressure spring 635, the rigid push plate is further provided with an extruding column 636 along a stretching direction of the first power telescopic rod 631, the extruding plate 633 is provided with a hole 633 corresponding to the extruding column 636, the first power telescopic direction of the two extruding units is opposite and is perpendicular to an axial direction of the cylindrical support member 61, the driving unit includes a rotating shaft 62 and a vertical axis of the cylindrical support member 61.
Further, the drive unit includes two set up in two drive subunits 62a of the relative both sides of column support 61, drive subunit 62a include one end set up in second power telescopic link 621 on the column support 61, set up in the arc deflector 622 of second power telescopic link 621 tip, drive wheel 62 set up in on the arc deflector 622, drive wheel 62 is connected with driving motor 623, and any one of electric motor, hydraulic motor can be chooseed for use to driving motor 623, and wherein the both ends position of arc deflector 622 is provided with direction inclined plane 622a, the flexible direction perpendicular to of second power telescopic link the flexible direction of first power telescopic link. Wherein first power telescopic link 631 can choose for use hydraulic telescoping rod, and electric telescopic handle and hydraulic telescoping rod arbitrary one can be chosen for use to the second power telescopic link.
Specifically, the working method of the hole extruding device 6 is as follows: when the hole extruding device is used, a, the first power telescopic rod, the second power telescopic rod and the driving motor 623 are connected with a power source or a hydraulic source, the lengths of the first power telescopic rod and the second power telescopic rod are adjusted according to the aperture of the bottom hole 51, and then the hole extruding device 6 is placed in the bottom hole; b. the second power telescopic rod is adjusted to extend out, so that the two arc-shaped guide plates 622 are positioned at the upper side and the lower side and abut against the side wall of the bottom hole, and a certain gap is formed between the extrusion plate 633 and the inner side wall of the bottom hole 51; c. the driving wheel 62 is controlled to rotate to drive the hole extruding device 6 to the bottom of the bottom hole 51, then the first power expansion rod 631 is controlled to extend out, the extruding plate 633 extrudes the hole wall at first, then the compression spring 635 is compressed to push the rigid pushing plate 632 to continue moving outwards, the extruding column 636 extends out of the hole 633, a concave hole is extruded on the hole wall of the bottom hole, then the first power rod is controlled to contract, the extruding column 636 enters the hole, and the extruding plate 633 leaves the hole wall; d. and c, repeating the step c, and sequentially extruding the hole walls along the axial direction of the bottom hole to form concave holes.
(3) Referring to fig. 8 and 11, the tubular support inner layer 221a with a corresponding length is taken according to the length of the bottom hole 51, the first end of the tubular support inner layer 221a extending into the bottom hole 51 is closed, the first support member 52 is sleeved on the first end of the tubular support inner layer 221a, and the two support ribs 2211 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the first support member 52 in a penetrating manner;
(4) the grouting pipe 53 is connected to the grouting hole 520 of the first support member 52, the air delivery pipe is connected to the first annular air bag 521 of the first support member 52, and then the first end of the tubular support inner layer 221a, the first support member 52 and the two bearing ribs 2211 are extended into the bottom of the bottom hole 51; specifically, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the first support 52 includes an annular support 52a, an inner hole of the annular support 52a is slightly larger than an outer diameter of the tubular support inner layer 221a, so that the annular support 52a can slide on the tubular support inner layer 221a after a certain thrust is applied, and a grouting hole 520 and a carrier rib 211 passing hole 522 are sequentially formed in a side wall of the annular support 52 a; wherein the first annular air bag is not contacted with the side wall of the bottom hole when in a free state and can abut against the wall of the hole when expanding.
(5) An annular second support 54 is arranged at the opening position of the bottom hole 51, and the tubular support inner layer 221a and the two bearing ribs 2211 penetrate through the second support 54;
(6) the first annular air bag 521 is inflated and expanded through the air conveying pipe, so that the first annular air bag 521 is attached to the inner side wall of the bottom hole 51, the tubular support inner layer 221a and the bottom hole are coaxially arranged, and the two bearing ribs 2211 are parallel to the axial direction of the bottom hole and are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the tubular support inner layer 221 a;
(7) referring to fig. 9, mortar is injected through the grouting pipe 53, the mortar fills the area between one side of the first support member 52 close to the bottom of the bottom hole 51 and the tubular support inner layer 221a and the bottom hole 51, and pushes the first support member 52 to slide on the tubular support inner layer 221a under the action of the pressure of the mortar, and grouting is stopped until the first support member slides to the opening position of the bottom hole 51, so that the columnar body 221 is formed, and the internal channel of the tubular support inner layer 221a is the drainage channel 222;
(8) after the mortar is dried for a preset time, arranging the hole drilling device 7 in the tubular support inner layer 221a, and forming a water permeable hole 223 in the side wall of the columnar body 221; the annular support body 52a is made of a plastic pipe commonly used in the art, and the standard of the mortar drying preset time is that the mortar does not flow but is not dried and solidified, and at the moment, the mortar body can be drilled by a drilling device.
(9) The first annular bladder 521 is deflated and then removed from the inner layer 221a of the tubular support to form the anchor member 22.
Further, as a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 15 and 16, the hole forming device 7 includes a cylindrical body 71, a mounting cavity 71a with an opening at one end is coaxially formed in the cylindrical body 71, the hole forming device further includes an air chamber 72 disposed in the mounting cavity 71a, and three guide cylinders 73 communicated with the air chamber 72, a lead screw nut 74 is coaxially disposed at an end of each guide cylinder 73, a lead screw 75 is connected to each lead screw nut 74 through an internal thread, a piston 77 is disposed in each guide cylinder 73, the lead screw 75 is rotatably connected to the piston 77, twist drill rods 76 are coaxially disposed at the other end of each lead screw 75, and a plurality of guide through holes 71b corresponding to the three twist drill rods 76 one to one are further disposed on a side wall of the mounting cavity 71 a; the air chamber 72 is provided with at least one first vent hole 720, the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 71a is also provided with a second vent hole 710 and a mounting hole 711, and the mounting hole 711 is internally provided with a distance measuring probe 79.
Specifically, when the drilling tool is used, the second vent hole 710 is connected with an air pump, two first vent holes 720 are arranged, one first vent hole 720 is connected with an air outlet of the first pressure pump, the other first vent hole is connected with a negative pressure pump, the cylindrical body 71 is arranged in the tubular support inner layer 221a, the second annular air bag 78 is inflated to enable the second annular air bag to abut against the inner side wall of the tubular support inner layer 221a, the air pump connected with the second vent hole 710 is controlled to exhaust air outwards, the cylindrical body 71 is pushed to the bottom of the tubular support inner layer 221a under the action of negative pressure, the distance from the bottom of the tubular support inner layer 221a is detected through the distance measuring probe 79, the air chamber 72 is inflated, the air pressure in the air chamber is increased, the piston 77 is pushed to move away from the air chamber, the piston 77 pushes the screw rod to move, and due to the screw rod nut, the screw rod 75 rotates in the axial movement process, so that the drilling rod 76 is driven to move along the axial direction and rotate; when taking out the pressure gas in the air chamber, the piston is to the direction motion of being close to the air chamber, thereby the pulling lead screw motion, can be through the pressure pump and the negative pressure pump work in turn that two first air vents 720 are connected in actual use, thereby realize drive piston reciprocating motion, realize offering the hole 223 of permeating water on the lateral wall to column body 221 from this, after offering a set of hole of permeating water, aerify through second air vent 710, thereby it outwards moves to push cylindric body 71 under the effect of atmospheric pressure, detect the distance through range finding probe 79 this moment, make cylindric body 71 move suitable distance, then repeated drilling gets the hole 223 of permeating water.
Further, in order to improve the efficiency and stability of drilling the water permeable holes 223, the ratio theta between the thread pitch of the twist drill rod and the thread pitch P of the lead screw nut is (2-4) to 1, the aperture of the drilled water permeable holes 223 is phi, wherein the value range of P is 0.5-3 mm, the value range of the aperture phi is 10-50 millimeters, the pressure value of ventilation in the air chamber during drilling is P1, the cross section area of the piston is S, then P1 is S = &πθ + F, wherein & is a correlation coefficient, the value range of 2-5,F is a correction constant, and the value is 5N.
In this way, the waste material generated during drilling of the water permeable hole 223 can be carried out together with the cylindrical body 71 without subsequent cleaning of the drainage channel 22.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, two second annular air bags 78 are provided, and two second annular air bags 78 are provided on both sides of the guide through hole 71b in the axial direction of the cylindrical body 71.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present application is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments where any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration comprises a slope body and is characterized by further comprising a protection structure arranged on the slope body, wherein the protection structure comprises a cement protection frame paved on the surface of the slope body and an anchoring piece arranged in the slope body, the anchoring piece comprises a columnar body, a drainage channel formed in the columnar body and a water permeable hole formed in the columnar body and communicated with the drainage channel, the end part of the columnar body and the cement protection frame are integrally arranged, and one end, connected with the cement protection frame, of the drainage channel is communicated with the outside;
the method for forming the drainage system comprises the following steps:
step one, slope body correction: building a retaining wall at the bottom of the slope body, and then correcting the slope body to a preset angle according to construction requirements;
step two, arranging a protective structure on the slope body;
a plurality of anchoring parts are arranged at intervals along the arrangement positions of the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame according to a construction drawing;
arranging at least one water storage well on the slope body along the laying direction of the longitudinal frame;
the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame are paved and formed on a slope body, the end parts of the anchoring pieces are wrapped by the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame, the outlet of the drainage channel is communicated with the corresponding first drainage groove or the corresponding second drainage groove, and the second drainage groove is communicated with the water storage well;
planting vegetation on the slope body between the transverse frame and the longitudinal frame, wherein in the second step, the step of arranging the anchoring piece comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a bottom hole on the slope body according to the arrangement position of the anchoring piece, wherein the included angle between the axis of the bottom hole and the horizontal plane is equal to alpha;
(2) a plurality of concave holes are extruded on the side wall of the bottom hole through an extruding device, the extruding device comprises a columnar supporting piece, a driving unit arranged on the columnar supporting piece and two extruding units respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the supporting piece, the extrusion unit comprises a first power telescopic rod with one end arranged on the columnar supporting piece, a rigid push plate arranged at the end part of the first power telescopic rod, and an extrusion plate arranged at one side of the rigid push plate far away from the columnar supporting piece, a guide rod is arranged on the extrusion plate along the extension direction of the first power telescopic rod, a guide hole matched with the guide rod is arranged on the rigid push plate, one end of the guide rod penetrating through the guide hole is also provided with a limiting piece, the guide rod is also sleeved with a pressure spring, the rigid push plate is also provided with an extrusion column along the extension direction of the first power telescopic rod, the extrusion plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the extrusion column, the extension directions of the first power telescopic rods of the two extrusion units are opposite and are both vertical to the axial direction of the columnar supporting piece, the driving unit comprises a driving wheel, a rotating shaft of the driving wheel is vertical to the axis of the columnar supporting piece, the driving unit comprises two driving subunits arranged at two opposite sides of the columnar supporting piece, the driving subunit comprises a second power telescopic rod with one end arranged on the columnar supporting piece and an arc-shaped guide plate arranged at the end part of the second power telescopic rod, the driving wheel is arranged on the arc-shaped guide plate and is connected with a driving motor, guide inclined planes are arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped guide plate, the telescopic direction of the second power telescopic rod is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the first power telescopic rod; the working method of the hole extruding device comprises the following steps: a. connecting the first power telescopic rod, the second power telescopic rod and the driving motor with a power supply or a hydraulic source, adjusting the lengths of the first power telescopic rod and the second power telescopic rod according to the aperture of the bottom hole, and placing the hole extruding device in the bottom hole; b. adjusting the extension of the second power telescopic rod to enable the two arc-shaped guide plates to be positioned at the upper side and the lower side and to be abutted against the side wall of the bottom hole, and enabling the extrusion plate to have a certain gap with the inner side wall of the bottom hole; c. the driving wheel is controlled to rotate, the hole extruding device is driven to the bottom of the bottom hole, then the first power telescopic rod is controlled to extend out, the extruding plate extrudes the hole wall, then the compression spring is compressed to push the rigid push plate to continue moving outwards, the extruding column extends out of the through hole, a concave hole is extruded on the hole wall of the bottom hole, then the first power rod is controlled to contract, the extruding column enters the through hole, and the extruding plate leaves the hole wall; d. repeating the step c, and sequentially extruding the hole wall along the axial direction of the bottom hole to form concave holes;
(3) taking a tubular support inner layer with corresponding length according to the length of the bottom hole, extending the tubular support inner layer into the first end of the bottom hole, closing the first end, sleeving a first support piece on the first end of the tubular support inner layer, and penetrating two bearing ribs on the left side and the right side of the first support piece;
(4) connecting a grouting pipe on a grouting hole on the first supporting piece, connecting a gas conveying pipe on a first annular gas bag of the first supporting piece, and then extending the first end of the tubular supporting inner layer, the first supporting piece and the two bearing ribs into the bottom of the bottom hole;
(5) the opening position of the bottom hole is provided with a circular second supporting piece, and the tubular supporting inner layer and the two bearing ribs penetrate through the second supporting piece;
(6) inflating and expanding the first annular air bag through the air conveying pipe to enable the first annular air bag to be attached to the inner side wall of the bottom hole, wherein the tubular support inner layer and the bottom hole are coaxially arranged at the moment, and the two bearing ribs are parallel to the axial direction of the bottom hole and are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the tubular support inner layer;
(7) injecting mortar through the grouting pipe, filling the mortar into the area between one side of the first supporting piece close to the bottom of the bottom hole and the tubular supporting inner layer and the bottom hole, pushing the first supporting piece to slide on the tubular supporting inner layer under the action of the pressure of the mortar, and stopping grouting until the first supporting piece slides to the opening position of the bottom hole, so that a columnar body is formed, wherein the internal channel of the tubular supporting inner layer is a drainage channel;
(8) after the mortar is dried and preset, arranging the hole-forming device in the tubular support inner layer, and forming water-permeable holes in the side wall of the columnar body; the hole forming device comprises a cylindrical body, an installation cavity with an opening at one end is coaxially formed in the cylindrical body, the hole forming device further comprises an air chamber arranged in the installation cavity and three guide cylinders communicated with the air chamber, a lead screw nut is coaxially arranged at the end part of each guide cylinder, a lead screw is connected with the lead screw nut in an internal thread mode, a piston is arranged in each guide cylinder, the lead screw is rotatably connected with the piston, twist drill rods are coaxially arranged at the other ends of the lead screws, and a plurality of guide through holes in one-to-one correspondence with the three twist drill rods are further formed in the side wall of the installation cavity; the outer side wall of the cylindrical body is provided with at least one second annular air bag, the air chamber is provided with at least one first vent hole, the bottom surface of the mounting cavity is also provided with a second vent hole and a mounting hole, and a distance measuring probe is arranged in the mounting hole; when the twist drill rod is used, the second vent hole is connected with the air pump, the first vent holes are arranged in two, one first vent hole is connected with the air outlet of the first pressure pump, the other first vent hole is connected with the negative pressure pump, the cylindrical body is arranged in the tubular support inner layer, the second annular air bag is inflated to enable the second annular air bag to abut against the inner side wall of the tubular support inner layer, the air pump connected with the second vent hole is controlled to exhaust air outwards, the cylindrical body is pushed to the bottom of the tubular support inner layer under the action of negative pressure, the distance from the bottom of the tubular support inner layer is detected through the distance measuring probe, then the air is inflated into the air chamber, the air pressure in the air chamber is increased, the piston is pushed to move away from the air chamber, the piston pushes the screw rod to move, and the screw rod nut is arranged, so that the screw rod can rotate in the axial movement process, and the twist drill rod is driven to move in the axial direction and rotate; when pressure gas in the air chamber is pumped out, the piston moves towards the direction close to the air chamber, so that the screw rod is pulled to move, the pressure pump and the negative pressure pump which are connected through the two first air vents alternately work in the actual use process, so that the piston is driven to reciprocate, the water permeable holes are formed in the side wall of the cylindrical body, after a group of water permeable holes are formed, the cylindrical body is inflated through the second air vent, so that the cylindrical body is pushed to move outwards under the action of air pressure, the distance is detected through the distance measuring probe at the moment, the cylindrical body moves for a proper distance, and then the water permeable holes are repeatedly drilled;
(9) and the first annular air bag is decompressed and then is taken down from the inner layer of the tubular support to form the anchoring piece.
2. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement protection frame comprises a plurality of transverse frames and a longitudinal frame, the transverse frames are sequentially arranged along the slope body from top to bottom at intervals, the longitudinal frame is arranged to cross the transverse frames, a first drainage groove is formed in each transverse frame, and a second drainage groove communicated with the first drainage groove is formed in each longitudinal frame.
3. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a retaining wall disposed at the bottom of the slope body, wherein the retaining wall and the longitudinal frame are disposed in an intersecting manner, a drainage hole is further disposed in the wall body of the retaining wall, and a reverse filter pack is further disposed on one side of the drainage hole close to the slope body.
4. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of anti-slip raised portions are further integrally arranged on the outer side wall of the columnar body along the axial direction, and the anti-slip raised portions are arranged on the left side and the right side of the columnar body.
5. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration as claimed in claim 4, wherein the side wall of the columnar body comprises a tubular support inner layer and a mortar layer in sequence from inside to outside, two bearing ribs are further arranged in the mortar layer along the axial direction of the columnar body, and the two bearing ribs are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the drainage channel.
6. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration as claimed in claim 4 wherein the drainage channel is inclined gradually upwards from one end close to the cement protective frame to the other end, the axis of the drainage channel forms an angle α with the horizontal plane, wherein 3 ° α 0.
7. The landslide drainage system for ecological protection and restoration according to claim 6, further comprising a water storage well disposed on the slope body corresponding to the longitudinal frame, wherein an opening of the water storage well is communicated with the second drainage groove.
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