CN114506963A - Oil refining sewage treatment device and emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity thereof - Google Patents
Oil refining sewage treatment device and emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 326
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 79
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil refining sewage treatment device and an emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity, wherein the oil refining sewage treatment device comprises a salt-containing sewage treatment system and an oil-containing sewage treatment system; the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the oil-containing sewage treatment system respectively comprise a pretreatment unit, a primary biochemical treatment unit, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical treatment unit, a secondary sedimentation tank and a security unit which are sequentially communicated through pipelines; a sludge outlet of a primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with sludge inlet pipelines of a primary sedimentation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the water outlets of the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system are communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the sewage treatment device shortens the recovery treatment time of abnormal water quality, not only maintains higher pollutant removal capability, but also does not influence the reuse of low-concentration effluent water quality, and has good practicability and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental wastewater treatment, in particular to an oil refining wastewater treatment device and an emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity of the oil refining wastewater treatment device.
Background
The oil refining process is complex, the process is long, and the material components are different, so that the oil refining sewage has large water quality fluctuation, a plurality of pollutant types and complex composition, not only contains substances such as petroleum, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide and the like, but also contains a large amount of soluble organic matters including phenols, organic acids, organic amines, cyanides and the like. In recent years, along with the continuous increase of the proportion of processing heavy crude oil in the petroleum refining process, the biotoxicity, the treatment load and the biodegradation difficulty of oil refining sewage are continuously improved, the sewage quality is continuously deteriorated, the organic matter load is higher and higher, and the impact events of a sewage treatment system are frequent. The new national standard for oil refining sewage emission (GB31570-2015) issued by Ministry of environmental protection 2015 at 7/1 is increased, the standard improves the pollutant emission limit value of the oil refining sewage, the COD and ammonia nitrogen emission indexes are greatly tightened, and the total nitrogen is also increased to the emission limit value of 40mg/L from no requirement. Therefore, the problem of water quality deterioration of oil refining wastewater and the stricter pollutant discharge standard bring double pressure to oil refining wastewater treatment, and a regulation and control method for coping with water quality abnormity needs to be sought.
The activated sludge method is still the mainstream process for oil refining sewage treatment at present, and sewage of a large refinery is mostly treated in a shunting way and is divided into two series of salt-containing sewage treatment and oil-containing sewage treatment. The oil is generally used as reuse water after qualified treatment, and if the salt-containing sewage is not provided with a desalting process, the salt-containing sewage is discharged after reaching the standard. Most of the sewage with complex water quality enters a salt-containing series. Although the effluent quality of the oil refining sewage treatment plant can meet the requirement of the emission standard in most of time, the water quality is often deteriorated and cannot meet the requirement of the emission standard for several times or more in one year, and once the water quality is deteriorated, a long recovery time is usually needed.
Most of the existing research on oil refining sewage treatment focuses on the aspects of process optimization, new process development and the like, and an emergency regulation and control method for system water quality abnormity is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an oil refining sewage treatment device and an emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity of the oil refining sewage treatment device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an oil refining enterprise sewage treatment system, wherein the oil refining-containing sewage treatment device comprises a salt-containing sewage treatment system and an oil-containing sewage treatment system;
the salt-containing sewage treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a primary biochemical treatment unit, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical treatment unit, a secondary sedimentation tank and a security unit which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
the oily sewage treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a primary biochemical treatment unit, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical treatment unit, a secondary sedimentation tank and a security unit which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
the residual sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, and the residual sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system;
the water outlet of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; and the water outlet of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system.
The oil refining sewage treatment device is characterized in that a sludge outlet of a primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with a sludge inlet pipeline of a primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, and a sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with a sludge inlet pipeline of a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the water outlet of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the water outlet of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; when toxic and harmful substances enter the biochemical treatment unit, or the properties of the activated sludge of the biochemical treatment unit are deteriorated due to the influence of environmental conditions such as air temperature and the like, the effect of the biochemical treatment unit is poor, the effluent of the biochemical treatment unit exceeds the standard, the sludge of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system can be conveyed to the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system under the condition that the COD, the total nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen of the effluent of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceed the standard, the effluent of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is conveyed to the secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system for treatment, the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system can be conveyed to the secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system under the condition that the COD, the total nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen of the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceed the standard, and the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is conveyed to the secondary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system The secondary biochemical treatment unit of the water treatment system is used for treating, so that the continuous use of the oil refining sewage treatment device is realized, the sludge activity of the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system can be recovered at the same time, the treatment capacity of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is recovered as soon as possible, the recovery treatment time of water quality abnormity is shortened, the secondary biochemical unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system can keep higher pollutant removal capacity, the recycling of low-concentration effluent water quality is not influenced, and the device has good practicability and remarkable economic benefit.
Preferably, the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the oily sewage treatment system.
According to the oil refining sewage treatment device, the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system, and when the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the effluent of the oil-containing sewage treatment system can be diluted to reach the standard and be discharged.
Preferably, the salt-containing sewage treatment system further comprises a first emergency storage tank; the pretreatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the first emergency storage tank pipeline; the oily sewage treatment system also comprises a second emergency storage tank, and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the second emergency storage tank through a pipeline.
When the inflow COD, the total nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen of the salt-containing sewage treatment system exceed design indexes and the inflow COD, the total nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen of the oil-containing sewage treatment system exceed the design indexes, the inflow water is input into the emergency storage tank for temporary storage, and when the running load of the salt-containing oil-refining sewage treatment system is surplus, the abnormal water in the emergency storage tank is gradually input in a small amount and is treated together with the water which does not exceed the standard.
Preferably, the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system and the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system are provided with aeration mechanisms.
The biochemical treatment unit of the oil refining sewage treatment device can recover the sludge activity through aeration.
Preferably, the oil refining sewage treatment device further comprises an online monitoring unit, and the online monitoring unit is used for comprehensively detecting the water quality of the oil refining sewage treatment device through an online instrument.
The oil refining sewage treatment device monitors the water quality conditions of all the processes through the line monitoring unit and controls the emergency treatment process.
Preferably, the pretreatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is provided with an oil-water separator and a mud scraping mechanism, and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system is provided with an oil-water separator and a mud scraping mechanism.
The pretreatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system are used for oil-water separation and homogenization.
The invention also provides an emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity of the oil refining sewage treatment device, which applies any one of the oil refining sewage treatment devices, and the emergency treatment method applies the oil refining sewage treatment device, and comprises the following steps:
(1) when the COD of the inlet water quality of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the saline sewage treatment system is cut into a first emergency storage tank, and when the COD of the inlet water quality of the oily sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the oily sewage treatment system is cut into a second emergency storage tank;
(2) when the effluent quality of a primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow I and a temporary flow III are operated, and recovering the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary process I is to convey the sludge in the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, when the effluent quality of a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of a primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow II and a temporary flow III are operated, and simultaneously recovering the sludge activity of a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary flow II is to convey the sludge in a primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the temporary flow III is to convey the effluent part of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system or convey the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the effluent quality exceeds the standard, namely COD exceeds the standard, total nitrogen exceeds the standard or ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, and the sludge activity fault is poor activity of activated sludge or death of activated sludge; the flow of the effluent of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system conveyed to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system, the flow of the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system conveyed to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system and the design flow of the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system accord with the following relations: q1+Q2≤QN，(Q1C1+Q2C2)/(Q1+Q2)≤CN，Q1、C1Inputting the sewage flow and the conductivity concentration of a primary biochemical unit and a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system into a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; q2、 C2Is the place containing oily sewageThe treatment capacity and conductivity concentration of the secondary biochemical units of the physiological system; qN、CNDesigning the treatment capacity and the conductivity index concentration of the reuse water for a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system;
(3) and running a temporary flow IV before the quality of the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system reaches the standard, wherein the temporary flow IV is formed by mixing and discharging the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the effluent of the oily sewage treatment system.
The emergency treatment method for the water quality abnormity of the oil refining sewage treatment device shortens the recovery treatment time of the water quality abnormity, not only ensures that the secondary biochemical unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system keeps higher pollutant removal capability, but also does not influence the recycling of the low-concentration effluent water quality, and has good practicability and obvious economic benefit.
Preferably, the method for recovering the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration rate of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system and/or to add engineering bacteria to the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system; the method for recovering the sludge activity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration quantity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system and/or add engineering bacteria to the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system.
Preferably, the engineering bacteria are at least one of COD engineering bacteria, nitrification engineering bacteria and denitrification engineering bacteria.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an oil refining sewage treatment device and an emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity thereof, and the invention has the following advantages: (1) the invention provides different emergency regulation and control methods for the water quality characteristics of salt-containing oil refining wastewater, namely two main situations of total inlet water quality abnormity and reaction unit outlet water quality abnormity. And online instruments such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, DO, pH and the like are fully utilized for real-time monitoring so as to better guide production. (2) After the active sludge of the salt-containing biochemical system is deteriorated and largely lost, the concentration of the active sludge can be quickly recovered by applying the temporary flow I or II, and a solid foundation is laid for the system to quickly recover the pollutant removal capacity. (3) In order to meet the requirement that the oil-containing series secondary biochemical unit can quickly exert the pollutant removal capacity after the temporary process III is put into use, the temporary process III is put into use in small quantity in daily operation, and the adding quantity is scientifically controlled, so that the recycling index of the oil-containing series effluent is not influenced, the higher pollutant removal capacity of the oil-containing series secondary biochemical unit can be maintained, and the method has good practicability and remarkable economic benefit. (4) And under the condition that the salt-containing series effluent cannot be recovered in a short time, the dosage of the temporary flow III can be increased, the temporary flow IV is put into use, and under the condition that the normal production and drainage of an upstream unit are met, the requirement of standard discharge is met, so that a good condition is created for the recovery of the salt-containing series system. (5) The invention only adds a plurality of temporary emergency flows on the basis of the existing facilities of the oil refining sewage treatment plant, does not need large change, has small investment, but can improve the shock load resistance of the system and recover the treatment capability as soon as possible when the water quality is abnormal. The conditions of abnormal water and the like are the production problems generally faced by oil refining sewage treatment plants, so the method provided by the invention has strong popularization and practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing structural connection of an oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the process of the emergency treatment method for water quality abnormality of the oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of an oil refining wastewater treatment plant according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, the saline sewage treatment system, 101, the pretreatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system, 102, the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system, 103, the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system, 104, the security unit of the saline sewage treatment system, 105, the first emergency storage tank of the saline sewage treatment system, 106, the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, 107, the secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, 2, the oily sewage treatment system, 201, the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system, 202, the primary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system, 203, the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system, 204, the security unit of the oily sewage treatment system, 105, the second emergency storage tank of the oily sewage treatment system, 206, the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system, 207. a secondary sedimentation tank of an oily sewage treatment system.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As an oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus includes a saline wastewater treatment system 1 and an oily wastewater treatment system 2;
the saline sewage treatment system 1 comprises a pretreatment unit 101, a primary biochemical treatment unit 102, a primary sedimentation tank 106, a secondary biochemical treatment unit 103, a secondary sedimentation tank 107 and a security unit 104 which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
the oily sewage treatment system 2 comprises a pretreatment unit 201, a primary biochemical treatment unit 202, a primary sedimentation tank 206, a secondary biochemical treatment unit 203, a secondary sedimentation tank 207 and a security unit 204 which are communicated in sequence through pipelines;
the sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank 206 of the oily sewage treatment system 2 is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the primary sedimentation tank 106 of the saline sewage treatment system 1, and the sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank 206 of the oily sewage treatment system 2 is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the secondary sedimentation tank 107 of the saline sewage treatment system 1;
the water outlet of the primary biochemical treatment unit 102 of the saline sewage treatment system 1 is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit 203 of the oily sewage treatment system 2; the water outlet of the secondary biochemical treatment unit 103 of the saline sewage treatment system 1 is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit 203 of the oily sewage treatment system 2.
The oil refining sewage treatment device of the embodiment is characterized in that a sludge outlet of a primary sedimentation tank of an oily sewage treatment system is communicated with a sludge inlet pipeline of a primary sedimentation tank of a saline sewage treatment system, and a sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with a sludge inlet pipeline of a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the water outlet of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the water outlet of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; when toxic and harmful substances enter the biochemical treatment unit or the properties of activated sludge of the biochemical treatment unit are deteriorated due to the influence of environmental conditions such as air temperature and the like, the effect of the biochemical treatment unit is poor, the effluent of the biochemical treatment unit exceeds the standard, the sludge in the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system can be conveyed to the primary sedimentation tank of the salty sewage treatment system under the condition that COD, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen of the effluent of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the salty sewage treatment system exceed the standard, the effluent of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the salty sewage treatment system is conveyed to the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system for treatment, and the sludge in the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system can be conveyed to the secondary sedimentation tank of the salty sewage treatment system and the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salty sewage treatment system can be conveyed to the oily sewage treatment system under the condition that COD, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen of the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salty sewage treatment system exceed the standard The secondary biochemical treatment unit of the water treatment system is used for treating, so that the continuous use of the oil refining sewage treatment device is realized, the sludge activity of the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system can be recovered at the same time, the treatment capacity of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is recovered as soon as possible, the recovery treatment time of water quality abnormity is shortened, the secondary biochemical system of the oil-containing sewage treatment system can keep higher pollutant removal capacity, the recycling of low-concentration effluent water quality is not influenced, and the device has good practicability and remarkable economic benefit.
Furthermore, the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the oily sewage treatment system. The oil refining sewage treatment device is used for communicating the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system with the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system, and when the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the effluent of the oil-containing sewage treatment system can be diluted to reach the standard and be discharged.
Further, the saline sewage treatment system also comprises a first emergency storage tank; the pretreatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the first emergency storage tank pipeline; the oily sewage treatment system also comprises a second emergency storage tank, and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the second emergency storage tank through a pipeline. When the COD (chemical oxygen demand), the total nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen of the incoming water of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the incoming water of the oil-containing sewage treatment system exceed design indexes, the oil refining sewage treatment device inputs the incoming water into the emergency storage tank for temporary storage, and when the running load of the salt-containing oil refining sewage treatment system is surplus, the abnormal water in the emergency storage tank is gradually input in a small amount and is treated together with the water which does not exceed the standard.
Furthermore, the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system are provided with aeration mechanisms. The biochemical treatment unit of the oil refining sewage treatment device can recover the sludge activity through aeration.
Further, the oil refining sewage treatment device also comprises an online monitoring system, and the online monitoring system carries out comprehensive detection on the water quality of the oil refining sewage treatment device through an online instrument. The oil refining sewage treatment device monitors the water quality conditions of all the processes through a line monitoring system and controls the emergency treatment process.
Further, the pretreatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is provided with an oil-water separator and a mud scraping mechanism, and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system is provided with an oil-water separator and a mud scraping mechanism. The pretreatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system and the oily sewage treatment system are used for oil-water separation and homogenization.
The oil refining sewage treatment device of the present invention is applied to the oil refining sewage treatment device of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, and the oil refining sewage treatment device of the present embodiment is applied to the emergency treatment method, which uses the oil refining sewage treatment device described above, and the emergency treatment method includes the following steps:
(1) when the COD of the inlet water quality of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the saline sewage treatment system is cut into a first emergency storage tank, and when the COD of the inlet water quality of the oily sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the oily sewage treatment system is cut into a second emergency storage tank;
(2) when the effluent quality of a primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow I and a temporary flow III are operated, and recovering the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary process I is to convey the sludge in the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, when the effluent quality of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow II and a temporary flow III are operated, and simultaneously recovering the sludge activity of a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary flow II is to convey the sludge in a primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the temporary flow III is to convey the effluent part of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system or convey the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the effluent quality exceeds the standard, namely COD exceeds the standard, total nitrogen exceeds the standard or ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, and the sludge activity fault is poor activity of activated sludge or death of activated sludge; the effluent of the primary biochemical unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is conveyed to the flow of the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system, and the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is conveyed to the oily sewage treatment systemThe flow rate of the secondary biochemical unit and the design flow rate of the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system accord with the following relationship: q1+Q2≤QN， (Q1C1+Q2C2)/(Q1+Q2)≤CN，Q1、C1Inputting the sewage flow and the conductivity concentration of a primary biochemical unit and a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system into a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; q2、 C2The treatment capacity and the conductivity concentration of a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; qN、CNDesigning the treatment capacity and the conductivity index concentration of the reuse water for a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system;
(3) and before the quality of the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system reaches the standard, running a temporary flow IV, wherein the temporary flow IV is formed by mixing and discharging the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the effluent of the oil-containing sewage treatment system.
The emergency treatment method for the water quality abnormity of the oil refining sewage treatment device shortens the recovery treatment time of the water quality abnormity, not only enables a secondary biochemical system of the oil-containing sewage treatment system to keep higher pollutant removal capacity, but also does not influence the recycling of the low-concentration effluent water quality, and has good practicability and obvious economic benefit.
Furthermore, the mode of recovering the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration quantity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system and/or to add engineering bacteria to the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system; the method for recovering the sludge activity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration quantity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system and/or add engineering bacteria to the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system.
Further, the engineering bacteria are at least one of COD engineering bacteria, nitrification engineering bacteria and denitrification engineering bacteria.
According to the oil refining sewage treatment device and the emergency treatment method for water quality abnormity of the oil refining sewage treatment device, the trial conditions of the sewage treatment plant of the oil refining enterprise processing thousands of tons of crude oil in a certain year are as follows:
the oil refining sewage treatment plant is divided into two systems of salt content and oil content to operate, and the statistical treatment capacity of each system is 400m3H is used as the reference value. In this example 2018, a refinery sewage treatment plant was built and started to try out. Before trial, in 2017, water quality abnormity occurs for 10 times in an oil refining sewage treatment plant all the year, wherein 5 times of abnormity recovery period is up to two weeks, and other abnormity can be recovered within one week. After trial, the water quality of a sewage plant is abnormal 11 times in 2019 all the year, wherein only 2 times of the water quality needs to be recovered in two weeks, and the rest 9 times can be recovered in four or five days.
Before and after the trial of the embodiment, the discharge and reuse conditions of the oil refining sewage treatment plant are shown in the following table 1:
| item | Amount of discharged water/m3 | COD discharge amount/t | Ammonia nitrogen discharge amount/t | Recycled water amount/m3 |
| 2017 | 2629366.28 | 101.68 | 3.56 | 2249215 |
| 2018 years old | 2289255.17 | 80.38 | 1.56 | 2680460 |
| 2019 | 2100701.291 | 62.9257 | 0.5225 | 3039516 |
As can be seen from table 1, after the oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus and the emergency treatment method for water quality abnormality of the oil refining wastewater treatment apparatus of the present embodiment are tried, the amount of discharged water and the total amount of pollutants decrease year by year, and the amount of reuse water increases year by year. Compared with 2017 in 2019, the method has the advantages that the discharged water amount is reduced by 20%, the discharged COD (chemical oxygen demand) amount is reduced by 38%, the discharged ammonia nitrogen amount is reduced by 85% and the reuse water amount is increased by 35% all the year round. The refinery sewage treatment device ensures the standard discharge of the salt-containing sewage, greatly reduces the total amount of discharged pollutants, ensures the recycling amount of the oil-containing sewage, and has obvious environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The oil refining sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a salt-containing sewage treatment system and an oil-containing sewage treatment system;
the salt-containing sewage treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a primary biochemical treatment unit, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical treatment unit, a secondary sedimentation tank and a security unit which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
the oily sewage treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a primary biochemical treatment unit, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical treatment unit, a secondary sedimentation tank and a security unit which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
the residual sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, and the residual sludge outlet of the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the sludge inlet pipeline of the secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system;
the water outlet of the primary biochemical treatment unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system; and the water outlet of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system.
2. The refinery sewage treatment device of claim 1, wherein the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the saline sewage treatment system is communicated with the water outlet pipeline of the security unit of the oily sewage treatment system.
3. The refinery-based sewage treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the saline sewage treatment system further comprises a first emergency storage tank; the pretreatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system is communicated with the first emergency storage tank pipeline; the oily sewage treatment system also comprises a second emergency storage tank, and the pretreatment unit of the oily sewage treatment system is communicated with the second emergency storage tank through a pipeline.
4. The oil refining sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the primary biochemical treatment unit and the secondary biochemical treatment unit of the oil-containing sewage treatment system are provided with aeration mechanisms.
5. The refinery sewage treatment unit of claim 1, further comprising an online monitoring unit, wherein the online monitoring unit performs comprehensive detection on the water quality of the refinery sewage treatment unit through an online instrument.
6. An emergency treatment method for water quality abnormality of an oil refining wastewater treatment device, which is characterized in that the emergency treatment method uses the oil refining wastewater treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
(1) when the COD of the inlet water quality of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the saline sewage treatment system is cut into a first emergency storage tank, and when the COD of the inlet water quality of the oily sewage treatment system exceeds the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard or the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the inlet water of the oily sewage treatment system is cut into a second emergency storage tank;
(2) when the effluent quality of a primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow I and a temporary flow III are operated, and recovering the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary process I is to convey the sludge in the primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to the primary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system, when the effluent quality of a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system exceeds the standard and the sludge activity of a primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system fails, a temporary flow II and a temporary flow III are operated, and simultaneously recovering the sludge activity of a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system, wherein the temporary flow II is to convey the sludge in a primary sedimentation tank of the oily sewage treatment system to a secondary sedimentation tank of the saline sewage treatment system; the temporary flow III is to convey the effluent part of the primary biochemical unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system to a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system or convey the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the salt-containing sewage treatment system to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; the quality of the discharged water is superior to that of the discharged waterThe standard is that COD exceeds the standard, total nitrogen exceeds the standard or ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, and the sludge activity fault is that the activity of activated sludge is poor or the activated sludge is dead; the flow of the effluent of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system conveyed to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system, the flow of the effluent of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system conveyed to the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system and the design flow of the secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system accord with the following relations: q1+Q2≤QN，(Q1C1+Q2C2)/(Q1+Q2)≤CN，Q1、C1Inputting the sewage flow and the conductivity concentration of a primary biochemical unit and a secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system into a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; q2、C2The treatment capacity and the conductivity concentration of a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system; qN、CNDesigning the treatment capacity and the conductivity index concentration of reuse water for a secondary biochemical unit of the oily sewage treatment system;
(3) and when the quality of the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system cannot be discharged after reaching the standard, operating a temporary flow IV, wherein the temporary flow IV is to discharge the effluent of the salt-containing sewage treatment system and the effluent of the oily sewage treatment system in a mixed manner.
7. The emergency treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the means for restoring the sludge activity of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration rate of the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system or to add engineering bacteria to the primary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system; the method for recovering the sludge activity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system is to adjust the aeration quantity of the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system or add engineering bacteria to the secondary biochemical unit of the saline sewage treatment system.
8. The emergency treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the engineering bacteria are at least one of COD engineering bacteria, nitrification engineering bacteria and denitrification engineering bacteria.
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