CN102452750A - Method for oil refinery sewage classification control and grading treatment - Google Patents
Method for oil refinery sewage classification control and grading treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for oil refinery sewage classification control and grading treatment. The method divides oil refinery sewage into seven types of oil-containing sewage, sulfur-containing sewage, electro-desalting sewage, mixed alkaline residue sewage, low-concentration clean waste water, polluted rainwater in a plant area, and domestic sewage. The method comprises a source control process, a high-density sewage pretreatment process, a reclaimed water reuse or cascade use process, and a centralized separation treatment process on sewage in a sewage treatment plant. The method realizes high-proportion utilization of stripping purified water, complete recycle of oil-containing sewage, high-proportion recycle of low-concentration clean waste water, and stabilization and standardization treatment on high-concentration salt-containing sewage. The method realizes the purposes of water saving and emission reduction in oil refinery sewage treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of classification controlling classification treatment process of oil refining sewerage, be applicable to the WWT of the newly-built or reorganization and expansion oil refining apparatus of Petrochemical Enterprises.
Background technology
Oil refining sewerage is the sewage that produces in the processes such as crude refining, processing and oil product washing; Be a kind of heterogeneous system that suspension oil, oil in water emulsion, dissolved organic matter and inorganic salt mix that integrates, mainly constitute by pollutents such as petroleum-type, COD, BOD, sulfide, volatile phenol, suspended substance and ammonia nitrogens.Oil refining sewerage mainly adopts and concentrates the combination treatment mode to handle at present; The oily(waste)water that is about to discharge, sour water from each production equipment through stripping pretreatedly purify waste water, sanitary wastewater etc. mix the back handle through oil removal one flotation one biochemistry " old three covers " combination process after qualified discharge, some advanced enterprises have realized the part reuse of sewage on this basis through increase coagulation and filtration, bio-contact oxidation, BAF, MBR even two embrane method (ultrafiltration+r-o-) desalination even depth treatment process.Yet, along with the variation day by day of oil property and because of shortage of water resources to the sewage requirement of reuse at high proportion, this sewage concentrates the mode and the treatment scheme of combination treatment more and more to expose bigger problem.At first; The exploitation of high-sulfur, high-acid crude oil and processing ratio are in cumulative year after year; Make oil in water emulsion, refractory organics organic pollutant, sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and inorganic salt isoconcentration in the sewage constantly increase; Particularly have obvious emulsification and than the electric desalting draining of supersalinity, contain oil product/LPG liquefied petroleum gas or dry gas purified alkali cleaning waste lye and petroleum-type and the higher oil product tank field of organic pollutant content that the alkali sulfur-bearing contains phenol and cut water etc. the oil removing in centralized sewage-farm and the stability of biochemical treatment are all caused serious impact influence, threatened the stably reaching standard discharging of enterprise's sewage.Secondly; Shortage along with water resources; The oil refining sewerage advanced treatment and reclamation is done circulating water system, process water or oiler feed as the fundamental requirement to Petrochemical Enterprises; And the inorganic salt in the present sewage effluent often are difficult to satisfy the index request of handling reuse water with the COD content that presents difficult for biological degradation property; Although can further adopt film desalinating process such as r-o-, electrodialysis, because higher investment, high working cost and at present not perfect desalination preconditioning technique etc. have greatly limited the reuse ratio of oil refining sewerage.The 3rd, along with the fast development of Chinese national economy, with the intensification of international cooperation, and many environmental problems that faced impel country with local industrial enterprise's draining to be had higher requirement.By the provincial standard of having put into effect at present, draining COD index all requires to be controlled at (even below 50mg/L) below the 60mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen have also been proposed strict index restriction.Single with regard to contamination index, emission control standard is approaching or be strict in middle water reuse standard, and the stably reaching standard that has refinery water now is caused great technical difficulty.
Based on above analysis; For satisfying the requirement of reuse at high proportion of oil refining sewerage stably reaching standard and sewage; Can not only rely on existing centralized terminal treatment technology; The water quality characteristics that must combine oil refining sewerage, sampling device source pollute reduction and control, high-concentration sewage pre-treatment, middle water reuse or tandem are used, sewage divides multiple measures such as matter processing.CN200610089027.8 has proposed sewage from oil refinery processing and reusing process system and operation method thereof, is ultrahigh concentration processing unit, high-concentration sewage processing unit, sewage of low concentration processing unit and reusing sewage unit with the oil refining sewerage system divides.Wherein ultrahigh concentration waste water comprises gasoline, LPG liquefied petroleum gas or dry gas purified alkali cleaning waste lye; High-concentration sewage comprises that Electric Desalting Wastewater and stripping purify waste water; Sewage of low concentration mainly is general oily(waste)water.Its main processing process be with the ultrahigh concentration processing unit after wet oxidation tower and sequence bioreactor are handled, high-concentration sewage is incorporated in water outlet into; With high-concentration sewage after oil trap, air flotation pool and BAF are handled, a part of qualified discharge, a part is as the dilution water of sequence bioreactor, another part is incorporated sewage of low concentration into; Sewage of low concentration after handle oil removal, air supporting and aeration tank, a part of effluent reuse and circulating water system, a part is incorporated high-concentration sewage in addition, some is as the dilution water of sequence bioreactor, a part of again qualified discharge.Adopt the method for this invention can realize that the high and low concentration sewage of refinery is handled respectively, the purpose of separate-recycling.But this inventive method only is on the basis of existing WWT flow process; Ultrahigh concentration sewage has been increased suitable pre-treatment facility; From the device source consider to cut down pollution load and water quality control, not mentioned water reuse or tandem use approach, still do not deviate from the framework of sewage end treatment fundamentally.This method has only been carried out simple differentiation from the height of organic contamination substrate concentration, does not consider the differentiated treatment problem of other pollutent.In addition,, do not include its treatment system in, make this inventive method have bigger deficiency like the blowdown of recirculated water field, draining of boiler and chemical water station draining and rain in factory area etc. for the lower concentration brine waste of the big quantity discharged in refinery.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above problem that prior art exists,, propose a kind of classification controlling classification treatment process of oil refining sewerage in conjunction with oil refining production equipment and draining water quality characteristics thereof.Oil refining sewerage is carried out phylogenetic systematics, and take source control, high-concentration sewage pre-treatment, middle water reuse or multiple measures such as tandem use, the processing of sewage branch matter to reach oil refining sewerage stably reaching standard, the sewage purpose of reuse at high proportion.
Oil refining sewerage provided by the invention classification controlling classification treatment process is that oil refining sewerage is divided into seven types of oily(waste)water, sour water, Electric Desalting Wastewater, mixing alkaline residue sewage, the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration, plant area's contaminated rain water and sewages etc., oily(waste)water in device or the oil removing facility that is provided with in the machinery enter reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm after handling; Sour water is sent into the acidic water stripping device pre-treatment after the oil removing facility is handled; A pretreated water outlet part is transmitted back to that electric desalting apparatus is done the technology water filling and catalytic cracking, delayed coking, crude oil unit, hydrogenation unit are made bath water, and remainder enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; Send into air-cooled tower behind the oil removing facility breaking milk and removing oil that Electric Desalting Wastewater is provided with and use air cooling in device, the water outlet of cooling back enters qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm again; Mix alkaline residue sewage and after oil removal jar oil removal treatment, deliver to high temperature wet oxidation pretreatment unit and handle, handle the back water outlet and enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; The peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration is sent into reuse after the low concentration wastewater series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; The reuse after delivering to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after the oil removal of rainwater collecting tank of plant area's contaminated rain water; Reuse plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank is handled after.
Oily(waste)water of the present invention comprises that mainly ground irrigation equipment cleaning water, the draining of pump stuffing box, the tank field oil tank in the water-and-oil separator draining of each production equipment, the wash-down water that contains oil vessel, production equipment district cut the sewer of water, cleaning of evaporator water, laboratory oily(waste)water, condensed-water recovering device etc.; All kinds of oily(waste)waters carry out oil removal treatment in network of drains gets into the oil removing facility that the device district builds separately; The water outlet petroleum-type is controlled at below the 150mg/L, delivers to reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm again.The oil removing facility can be selected oil removal jar, oil trap, swirler-or coagulation type oil eliminator etc. for use according to water quality characteristic.Because the high density petroleum-type is to cause one of ballistic principal element in sewage-farm; Consider that sewage PetroChina Company Limited. class character has bigger influence to deoiling effect; Adopt in the device of the present invention after the oil removing, the impact of high-concentration sewage and high loading will be controlled from the source.
Sour water proposed by the invention comprises that mainly the high density sulfur-bearing that devices such as normal decompression, catalytic cracking, hydrogen cracking, delayed coking, CONTINUOUS REFORMER, gasoline and diesel hydrogenation, sulphur recovery produce contains ammonia sewage (hydrogen sulfide or ammonia nitrogen are greater than 100mg/L).Sour water is concentrated through network of drains by each device differentiation flow container and is delivered to acid water pot, tentatively removes petroleum-type and coke powder in anhydrating through natural subsidence; Secondary water-and-oil separator or the further oil removal treatment of coagulation type oil eliminator are sent in water outlet again, and the water outlet petroleum-type is controlled at below the 100mg/L; Water outlet gets into stripper plant desulfurization deamination and handles after the oil removing, makes the hydrogen sulfide in the sewage and ammonia nitrogen concentration is handled 20mg/L respectively and below the 60mg/L; The part of purifying waste water after the processing (accounting for 70%) is transmitted back to that electric desalting apparatus is done the technology water filling and catalytic cracking, delayed coking, crude oil unit, hydrogenation unit are made bath water, and remainder (accounting for 30%) enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm.Stripping process can adopt single tower flow process, double-column process, for guaranteeing the deamination effect, also can adopt to add the alkali stripping process.In recent years; Along with high-sulfur, peracid, the cumulative year after year of heavy crude processing ratio and the quality upgrading requirement of spatter property oil product; The sour water generation is in continuous increase, and its ratio has surpassed oily(waste)water, must pay much attention to the processing and the reuse problem of sour water.At first to make lower petroleum-type, the refinery coke content of maintenance in the sour water, to improve the steady running of stripping processing efficiency and assurance device; It is less important manages to accomplish a high proportion of reuse to purifying waste water, to reach the purpose of the digestion high-concentration waste water from the source.Therefore, the processing and the reuse method of the present invention's proposition can satisfy above purpose preferably.
Electric Desalting Wastewater proposed by the invention is mainly from the crude electric desalter draining, and its quantity discharged is about 5%～7% of crude runs, has high temperature (more than 80 ℃), high oil in water emulsion, than high content of salt and certain difficult for biological degradation property characteristic.For avoiding or slowing down of the influence of such sewage to sewage-farm oil removing, biochemical cell processing efficient; The present invention proposes it is carried out oil removing and cooling pre-treatment; With the water outlet petroleum-type be controlled at below the 200mg/L, temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃, handle the back water outlet and enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm.Oil removal plant adopts acidifying-coagulation-air-float technology, and wherein industrial sulphuric acid is adopted in acidifying, and the pH controlling valu is 5.5～6.5; Coagulated agent adopts conventional inorganic type emulsion splitter, and like polyaluminium sulfate, dosage is 50～80mg/L; Various conventional air-float technologies are adopted in air supporting, like air-dissolving air-float, cavitation air flotation etc.Cooling is handled and is adopted conventional air-cooled tower direct current to cool.
Mixing alkaline residue sewage source proposed by the invention mainly comprises gasoline alkali cleaning water, liquid hydrocarbon alkali cleaning water etc. in the oil purification process.Owing to pollutents such as the sulfide that contains high density in the alkaline residue sewage, volatile phenol, petroleum-type, bigger impact and stench influence are brought in the sewage-farm, must carry out pre-treatment.In recent years, along with the increase of hydrogenation technique, the gasoline alkaline residue quantity of wastewater effluent reduces to some extent, but still has certain amount.Based on the character of all kinds of alkaline residue sewage and the consideration of ripe treatment process; The present invention proposes above alkaline residue combined sewage is adopted high temperature wet-type oxidation technology advanced treatment; Make and handle that water outlet COD in back reaches below 20,000 mg/L, sulfide reaches below the 10mg/L, enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm more continuously.High temperature wet oxidation device is oxidizing medium with the air, and temperature of reaction is that 250 ℃～280 ℃, reaction pressure are that 10～80MPa, liquid air speed are 1.0～2.0h
-1
The peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration proposed by the invention mainly comprises resin regeneration acidic and alkaline waste water or Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment tail water, boiler or the waste heat boiler blowdown and the collectable uncontamination rainwater etc. of the blowdown of recirculated water field, chemical water station.This type wastewater organic pollutant concentration is lower, before directly discharges mainly as the supposition water purification.But in recent years; Along with the enforcement of reusing sewage brings the strictness day by day of no longer cleaning, the standard of drainage of peace and quiet draining, the management expectancy that single drain is set and raising reusing sewage rate etc., after must handling, feasible
type waste water could discharge or accomplish as far as possible reuse.The characteristic considering
type contaminated wastewater substrate concentration is low, salts contg is higher relatively, the present invention proposes it is sent into reuse after the low concentration wastewater series of processes of centralized sewage-farm separately.
The present invention includes the oily(waste)water series of processes to plant area's contaminated rain water and sewage in according to existing treatment process.Detailed process is: early-stage rainwater reuse after delivering to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after the oil removal of rainwater collecting tank; Reuse plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank is handled after.
Centralized sewage-farm proposed by the invention comprises oily(waste)water, saline sewage, three processing series of low concentration wastewater.Oily(waste)water series is mainly used in and handles in the said apparatus that the sour water stripping of remainder after the pretreated oily(waste)water of oil removing, the reuse is purified waste water, plant area contaminated rain water, the septic tank pretreated plant area sewage of oil removal after handling, and the water outlet fully recovering after the processing is made the make up water of circulating water system.Saline sewage series is mainly used in the water outlet of handling oil removing and the pretreated Electric Desalting Wastewater of cooling in the said apparatus, mixing alkaline residue sewage high temperature wet oxidation pretreatment unit, the water outlet qualified discharge after the processing.Low concentration wastewater series is mainly used in resin regeneration acidic and alkaline waste water or Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment tail water, boiler or the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration such as waste heat boiler blowdown and collectable uncontamination rainwater of handling the field blowdown of above-mentioned recirculated water, chemical water station; The make up water of oiler feed or circulating water system is made in the most of reuse of water outlet after the processing, and few part enters qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes.
The main processing flow process that oily(waste)water series in centralized sewage-farm adopts is: oily(waste)water → oil removal → no medicine air supporting → dosing air supporting → biochemical aeration tank → membrane bioreactor → micro flocculating filter → sterilization → be back to circulating water system.Oil removal can be selected conventional parallel flow intercepter, inclined plate grease pond or oil removal jar for use; No medicine air supporting can be selected conventional air flotation turbo or return-flow type dissolved air flotation device for use; Normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Traditional technologys such as the optional employing plug-flow type active sludge of biochemical aeration tank method, A/O, CASS; Membrane bioreactor can be selected BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc., but preferably selects MBR for use; Micro flocculating filter can adopt sand filtration, multi-medium filtering, moving-bed drift sand strainer, fibrous bundle or fiber ball filter etc., and sewage will mix with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L before advancing strainer to reach the effect of little flocculation; Sterilization can be adopted a kind of in dioxide peroxide, Youxiaolin, the liquid chlorine, and dosage is 10～20mg/L.After above art breading, the leading indicator in the water outlet can reach COD≤50mg/L, NH
3-N≤5mg/L, petroleum-type≤0.5mg/L, turbidity≤5NTU, fully recovering make the make up water of circulating water system.
The main processing flow process that centralized sewage-farm saline sewage series adopts is: saline sewage → oil removal → no medicine air supporting → dosing air supporting → acidification hydrolization → biochemical aeration tank → membrane bioreactor → back flotation → qualified discharge.Oil removal can be selected conventional parallel flow intercepter, inclined plate grease pond or oil removal jar for use, preferably selects the oil removal jar for use; No medicine air supporting can be selected conventional air flotation turbo or return-flow type dissolved air flotation device for use; Normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Acidification hydrolization can be selected acidification hydrolization pond or acidification hydrolization jar, and the residence time of sewage in pond or jar should reach more than the 8h; Traditional technologys such as the optional employing plug-flow type active sludge of biochemical aeration tank method, A/O or CASS; Membrane bioreactor can be selected BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc.; Dosing dissolved air floatation technology is adopted in back flotation, and sewage will mix to reach the treatment effect of back flotation with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L or organic floculant or the confection of 3～10mg/L before advancing strainer.After above art breading, the leading indicator in the water outlet can reach COD≤60mg/L, NH
3-N≤10mg/L, petroleum-type≤5mg/L, SS≤70mg/L, directly qualified discharge.
The main processing flow process that low concentration wastewater series in centralized sewage-farm adopts is: sewage of low concentration → in and equalizing tank → dosing air supporting → membrane bioreactor → micro flocculating filter → activated carbon tower → ultrafiltration → r-o-→ be back to oiler feed or circulating water system moisturizing, r-o-tail water is then delivered to qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes.Normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Membrane bioreactor can be selected BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc., but preferably selects MBR for use; Micro flocculating filter adopts multi-medium filtering, moving-bed drift sand strainer or fiber bundle filter, and sewage will mix to reach the effect of little flocculation with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L before advancing strainer.After above art breading, the leading indicator in the water outlet can reach COD≤10mg/L, NH
3-N≤0.5mg/L, petroleum-type≤0.5mg/L, total salt quantity≤100mg/L, but the make up water of oiler feed or circulating water system is made in reuse; R-o-tail water COD≤150mg/L, NH
3-N≤5mg/L, petroleum-type≤1mg/L, the about 6500mg/L of total salt quantity deliver to the saline sewage series of processes.
The inventive method is applicable to the WWT of the newly-built or reorganization and expansion oil refining apparatus of Petrochemical Enterprises.The oil refining sewerage classification controlling classification treatment process that adopts the present invention to propose; Can oil refining sewerage be carried out phylogenetic systematics, and reach oil refining sewerage stably reaching standard, the sewage purpose of reuse at high proportion through source control, high-concentration sewage pre-treatment, middle water reuse or multiple measures such as tandem use, the processing of sewage branch matter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an oil refining sewerage classification controlling classification treatment process principle process block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes FB(flow block) among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a centralized sewage-farm saline sewage series of processes FB(flow block) among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a centralized sewage-farm low concentration wastewater series of processes FB(flow block) among the present invention.
Among Fig. 1: 1-device district's oil removing facility; The acid water pot of 2-; The 3-water-and-oil separator; The 4-sulfur-containing sewage stripping device; 5-early-stage rainwater pond; The 6-septic tank; 7-electric desalting water oil removal plant; The air-cooled tower of 8-; 9-alkaline residue sewage degrease jar; 10-high temperature wet oxidation device.
Among Fig. 2: the 20-oil removal; 21-does not have medicine air supporting; 22-dosing air supporting; The 23-biochemical aeration tank; 24-intermediate sedimentation pond; The 25-membrane bioreactor; Pond in the middle of the 26-; The 27-micro flocculating filter; The 28-sterilization pool.
Among Fig. 3: the 30-oil removal; 31-does not have medicine air supporting; 32-dosing air supporting; The 33-acidification hydrolization; 34-intermediate sedimentation pond; The 35-biochemical aeration tank; Pond in the middle of the 36-; The 37-membrane bioreactor; Flotation behind the 38-.
Among Fig. 4: among the 40-and equalizing tank; 41-dosing air supporting; The 42-membrane bioreactor; The 43-micro flocculating filter; 44-activated carbon tower; The 45-disc filter; The 46-ultrafiltration; The 47-r-o-; Pond among the 48-.
Embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with the practical implementation process of accompanying drawing the inventive method.
Oil refining sewerage proposed by the invention classification system and hierarchical processing method are divided into seven types of oily(waste)water, sour water, Electric Desalting Wastewater, mixing alkaline residue sewage, the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration, plant area's contaminated rain water and sewages etc. with oil refining sewerage, and oily(waste)water enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm after the oil removing in device; Sour water is sent into the acidic water stripping device pre-treatment after oil removing, water outlet part reuse after the pre-treatment, and remainder enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; Electric Desalting Wastewater is through the cold tower cooler of the laggard sector-style of device oil removing, and the cooling water outlet enters qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm again; Deliver to high temperature wet oxidation pretreatment unit after mixing the alkaline residue sewage degrease, handle the back water outlet and enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; The peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration is sent into reuse after the low concentration wastewater series of processes of centralized sewage-farm; The reuse after delivering to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after the oil removal of plant area's contaminated rain water; Reuse plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank is handled after.Concrete implementation process is following:
Oil refining sewerage classification system and hierarchical processing method proposed by the invention are seen Fig. 1.
The oily(waste)waters such as sewer of cutting water, cleaning of evaporator water, laboratory oily(waste)water, condensed-water recovering device from water-and-oil separator draining, the ground flushing that contains oil vessel wash-down water, production equipment district and equipment cleaning water, the draining of pump stuffing box, the tank field oil tank of each production equipment of oil refining carry out oil removal treatment through the oil removing facility 1 that network of drains gets into device district construction separately, and oil removing facility 1 can be selected oil removal jar, oil trap, swirler-or coagulation type oil eliminator etc. for use according to different water quality characteristics.Water outlet petroleum-type after the oil removing controls to below the 150mg/L, delivers to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes.
From each production equipment of oil refining; The sour water that devices such as decompression as usual, catalytic cracking, hydrogen cracking, delayed coking, CONTINUOUS REFORMER, gasoline and diesel hydrogenation, sulphur recovery produce is concentrated through network of drains by each device differentiation flow container and is delivered to acid water pot 2, removes suspension oil and coke powder in anhydrating earlier through natural subsidence; Secondary water-and-oil separator or coagulation type oil eliminator 3 further oil removal treatment are sent in water outlet again, and the water outlet petroleum-type is controlled at below the 100mg/L; Water outlet gets into the processing of acidic water stripping device 4 desulfurization deaminations after the oil removing, and acidic water stripping device 4 can adopt single tower flow process, double-column process, for guaranteeing the deamination effect, also can adopt to add the alkali stripping process.Hydrogen sulfide during stripping after the processing is purified waste water and ammonia nitrogen concentration be controlled at 20mg/L respectively, below the 60mg/L; (about 70%) is transmitted back to electric desalting apparatus and does technology water filling, catalytic cracking, delayed coking, crude oil unit and make the rich gas bath water as required, and remainder enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes.
At first adopting oil removal plant 7 to carry out breaking milk and removing oil from the high temperature of crude electric desalter, high salt, high oil in water emulsion, difficult for biological degradation property organic sewage handles, petroleum-type is controlled at below the 200mg/L; Water outlet is sent into air-cooled tower 8 again and is cooled to below 40 ℃.Oil removal plant 7 adopts acidifying-coagulation-air-float technology, and industrial sulphuric acid is adopted in acidifying, and control sewage pH value is 5.5～6.5; Coagulated agent adopts conventional inorganic type emulsion splitter, and like polyaluminium sulfate, dosage is 50～80mg/L; Various conventional air-float technologies are adopted in air supporting, like air-dissolving air-float, cavitation air flotation etc.Water outlet after oil removing, cooling enters centralized sewage-farm saline sewage series of processes.
After 9 oil removings of alkaline residue oil removal jar, incorporate high temperature wet oxidation device 10 from mixing alkaline residue sewage such as the gasoline alkali cleaning water of oil purification process, liquid hydrocarbon alkali cleaning water and carry out advanced treatment.High temperature wet oxidation device 10 is an oxidizing medium with the air, and temperature of reaction is that 250 ℃～280 ℃, reaction pressure are that 60～80MPa, liquid air speed are 1.0～2.0h
-1Processing back water outlet COD reaches below 20,000 mg/L, sulfide reaches below the 10mg/L, enters centralized sewage-farm saline sewage series of processes more continuously.
Come resin regeneration acidic and alkaline waste water or Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment tail water, boiler or the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration such as waste heat boiler blowdown and collectable uncontamination rainwater of the blowdown of self-circulating water field, chemical water station to send into centralized sewage-farm low concentration wastewater series of processes separately by sewage network.
Early-stage rainwater from plant area is delivered to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after 5 oil removals of rainwater collecting tank; Plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank 6 is handled.
Centralized sewage-farm proposed by the invention comprises oily(waste)water, saline sewage, three processing series of low concentration wastewater.
Oily(waste)water series is mainly used in and handles in the said apparatus that the sour water stripping of remainder after the pretreated oily(waste)water of oil removing, the reuse is purified waste water, plant area contaminated rain water, the septic tank pretreated plant area sewage of oil removal after handling, the water outlet COD≤50mg/L after the processing, NH
3-N≤5mg/L, petroleum-type≤0.5mg/L, turbidity≤5NTU, fully recovering make the make up water of circulating water system.The treatment process that is adopted mainly comprises facilities such as oil removal 20, no medicine air supporting 21, dosing air supporting 22, biochemical aeration tank 23, membrane bioreactor 25, micro flocculating filter 27, sterilization pond 28, and technical process sees Fig. 2 for details.Wherein conventional parallel flow intercepter, inclined plate grease pond or oil removal jar are selected in oil removal 20 for use; Conventional air flotation turbo or return-flow type dissolved air flotation device are adopted in no medicine air supporting 21; Normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting 22 for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Biochemical aeration tank 23 adopts traditional technologys such as plug-flow type active sludge method, A/O, CASS; Membrane bioreactor 25 can adopt BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc., but preferably selects MBR for use; Micro flocculating filter 27 can adopt sand filtration, multi-medium filtering, moving-bed drift sand strainer, fibrous bundle or fiber ball filter etc., and sewage will mix with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L before advancing strainer to reach the effect of little flocculation; Sterilization 28 can be adopted a kind of in dioxide peroxide, Youxiaolin, the liquid chlorine, and dosage is 10～20mg/L.
Saline sewage series is mainly used in the water outlet of handling oil removing and the pretreated Electric Desalting Wastewater of cooling in the said apparatus, mixing alkaline residue sewage high temperature wet oxidation pretreatment unit, the water outlet COD≤60mg/L after the processing, NH
3-N≤10mg/L, petroleum-type≤5mg/L, SS≤70mg/L, directly qualified discharge.The treatment process that is adopted mainly comprises facilities such as oil removal 30, no medicine air supporting 31, dosing air supporting 32, acidification hydrolization 33, biochemical aeration tank 35, membrane bioreactor 37, back flotation 38.Technical process sees Fig. 3 for details.Wherein oil removal 30 can be selected conventional parallel flow intercepter, inclined plate grease pond or oil removal jar for use, but preferably selects the oil removal jar for use; No medicine air supporting 31 can be selected conventional air flotation turbo or return-flow type dissolved air flotation device for use; Normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting 32 for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Acidification hydrolization 33 can be selected acidification hydrolization pond or acidification hydrolization jar, and the residence time of sewage in pond or jar should reach more than the 8h; Traditional technologys such as biochemical aeration tank 35 optional employing plug-flow type active sludge methods, A/O or CASS; Membrane bioreactor 37 can be selected BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc.; Dosing dissolved air floatation technology is adopted in back flotation 38, and sewage will mix to reach the treatment effect of back flotation with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L or organic floculant or the confection of 3～10mg/L before advancing strainer.
Low concentration wastewater series is mainly used in resin regeneration acidic and alkaline waste water or Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment tail water, boiler or the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration such as waste heat boiler blowdown and collectable uncontamination rainwater of handling the field blowdown of above-mentioned recirculated water, chemical water station; The make up water of oiler feed or circulating water system is made in most of (the accounting for 70%) reuse of water outlet after the processing, and few part (accounting for 307) enters above saline sewage series of processes.With facilities such as equalizing tank 40, dosing air supporting 41, membrane bioreactor 42, micro flocculating filter 43, activated carbon tower 44, disc filter 45, ultrafiltration 46, r-o-s 47, technical process saw Fig. 4 for details during the treatment process that is adopted mainly comprised.Wherein normal reflux formula dissolved air flotation process is selected in dosing air supporting 41 for use, and medicament adopts the inorganic flocculating agent of 20～50mg/L; Membrane bioreactor 42 can be selected BAF, MBR, MBBR, biological fluidized bed etc., but preferably selects MBR for use; Micro flocculating filter 43 can adopt multi-medium filtering, moving-bed drift sand strainer or fiber bundle filter, and sewage will mix to reach the effect of little flocculation with the inorganic flocculating agent of 5～20mg/L before advancing strainer.After above art breading, the leading indicator in the water outlet can reach COD≤10mg/L, NH
3-N≤0.5mg/L, petroleum-type≤0.5mg/L, total salt quantity≤100mg/L, but the make up water of oiler feed or circulating water system is made in reuse; R-o-tail water COD≤150mg/L, NH
3-N≤5mg/L, petroleum-type≤1mg/L, the about 6500mg/L of total salt quantity deliver to the saline sewage series of processes.
The oil refining sewerage classification controlling classification treatment process that adopts the present invention to propose; Can oil refining sewerage be carried out phylogenetic systematics and obtain source control and the processing of branch matter; Stripping is purified waste water and is obtained a high proportion of Waste water utilization, oily(waste)water and obtain that fully recovering, the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration obtain reuse at high proportion, the high density saline sewage obtains stably reaching standard and handles, and will bring tangible action effect to the steady running and the reusing sewage in oil refining enterprise sewage-farm.
Claims (13)
1. oil refining sewerage classification controlling classification treatment process is characterized in that: oil refining sewerage is divided into seven types of oily(waste)water, sour water, Electric Desalting Wastewater, mixing alkaline residue sewage, the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration, plant area's contaminated rain water and sewages:
Oily(waste)water in device or the oil removing facility that is provided with in the machinery enter reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm after handling;
Sour water is sent into the acidic water stripping device pre-treatment after the oil removing facility is handled; A pretreated water outlet part is transmitted back to that electric desalting apparatus is done the technology water filling and catalytic cracking, delayed coking, crude oil unit, hydrogenation unit are made bath water, and remainder enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm;
Send into air-cooled tower behind the oil removing facility breaking milk and removing oil that Electric Desalting Wastewater is provided with and use air cooling in device, the water outlet of cooling back enters qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm again;
Mix alkaline residue sewage and after oil removal jar oil removal treatment, deliver to high temperature wet oxidation pretreatment unit and handle, handle the back water outlet and enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm;
The peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration is sent into reuse after the low concentration wastewater series of processes of centralized sewage-farm;
The reuse after delivering to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after the oil removal of rainwater collecting tank of plant area's contaminated rain water;
Reuse plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank is handled after.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oily(waste)water comprises that ground irrigation equipment cleaning water, the draining of pump stuffing box, the tank field oil tank in the water-and-oil separator draining of each production equipment, the wash-down water that contains oil vessel, production equipment district cut the sewer of water, cleaning of evaporator water, laboratory oily(waste)water, condensed-water recovering device.
3. according to the described method of claim 2; It is characterized in that: oily(waste)water carries out oil removal treatment in network of drains gets into the oil removing facility that the device district builds separately; The water outlet petroleum-type is controlled at below the 150mg/L, delivers to reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm again.
4. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: sour water comprises that the sulfur-bearing that normal decompression, catalytic cracking, hydrogen cracking, delayed coking, CONTINUOUS REFORMER, gasoline and diesel hydrogenation, sulfur recovery facility produce contains ammonia sewage.
5. according to the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: sour water is concentrated through network of drains by each device differentiation flow container and is delivered to acid water pot, tentatively removes petroleum-type and coke powder in anhydrating through natural subsidence; Secondary water-and-oil separator or the further oil removal treatment of coagulation type oil eliminator are sent in water outlet again, and the water outlet petroleum-type is controlled at below the 100mg/L; Water outlet gets into stripper plant desulfurization deamination and handles after the oil removing, makes the hydrogen sulfide in the sewage and ammonia nitrogen concentration is handled 20mg/L respectively and below the 60mg/L; Purifying waste water after the processing-part is transmitted back to that electric desalting apparatus is done the technology water filling and catalytic cracking, delayed coking, crude oil unit, hydrogenation unit are made bath water, and remainder enters reuse after the oily(waste)water series of processes of centralized sewage-farm.
6. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: Electric Desalting Wastewater is from the crude electric desalter draining, carries out oil removing and cooling pre-treatment, with the water outlet petroleum-type be controlled at below the 200mg/L, temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃.
7. according to the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: acidifying-coagulation-air-float technology is adopted in oil removing.
8. according to the described method of claim 1; It is characterized in that: mix alkaline residue sewage and comprise gasoline alkali cleaning water, liquid hydrocarbon alkali cleaning water; The alkaline residue combined sewage adopts high temperature wet-type oxidation technology advanced treatment; Make and handle that water outlet COD in back reaches below 20,000 mg/L, sulfide reaches below the 10mg/L; Enter qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes of centralized sewage-farm more continuously, high temperature wet oxidation device is oxidizing medium with the air, and temperature of reaction is that 250 ℃～280 ℃, reaction pressure are that 10～80MPa, liquid air speed are 1.0～2.0h
-1
9. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the peace and quiet waste water of lower concentration comprises resin regeneration acidic and alkaline waste water or Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment tail water, boiler or waste heat boiler blowdown and the collectable uncontamination rainwater of the blowdown of recirculated water field, chemical water station.
10. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: plant area's contaminated rain water and sewage are included in the oily(waste)water series of processes, early-stage rainwater reuse after delivering to centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after the oil removal of rainwater collecting tank; Reuse plant area's sewage enters centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series of processes after septic tank is handled after.
11. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the treatment scheme that centralized sewage-farm oily(waste)water series adopts comprises: oily(waste)water → oil removal → no medicine air supporting → dosing air supporting → biochemical aeration tank → membrane bioreactor → micro flocculating filter → sterilization → be back to circulating water system.
12. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the treatment scheme that saline sewage series in centralized sewage-farm adopts comprises: saline sewage → oil removal → no medicine air supporting → dosing air supporting → acidification hydrolization → biochemical aeration tank → membrane bioreactor → back flotation → qualified discharge.
13. according to the described method of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the treatment scheme that centralized sewage-farm low concentration wastewater series adopts comprises: sewage of low concentration → in and equalizing tank → dosing air supporting → membrane bioreactor → micro flocculating filter → activated carbon tower → ultrafiltration → r-o-→ be back to oiler feed or circulating water system moisturizing, r-o-tail water is then delivered to qualified discharge after the saline sewage series of processes.
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