CN105016577A - Advanced treatment system for process sewage and advanced treatment method for sewage - Google Patents
Advanced treatment system for process sewage and advanced treatment method for sewage Download PDFInfo
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- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an advanced treatment system for process sewage and an advanced treatment method for sewage. The treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a biochemical treatment unit, an aftertreatment strengthening unit and a sewage reusing unit, wherein the pretreatment unit, the biochemical treatment unit and the aftertreatment strengthening unit are sequentially connected; the pretreatment unit comprises a regulating and homogenizing pot, an oil separating sedimentation tank and an air flotation tank which are sequentially connected in order, and a process sewage inlet pipe is connected to the regulating and homogenizing pot; the biochemical treatment unit comprises an acidifying and hydrolyzing tank, a first-class biochemical tank, a medium sedimentation tank, a second-class biochemical tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected in order, and the acidifying and hydrolyzing tank is connected with a water outlet end of the air flotation tank in the pretreatment unit; the aftertreatment strengthening unit comprises a coagulation air flotation tank, an ozone contact tank, a biological aerated filter, a first-class filtration and adsorption tank, a second-class filtration and adsorption tank and a monitoring tank which are sequentially connected. The treatment system can treat the process sewage more comprehensively and effectively, so that the treated effluent realizes zero drainage and reaches the water quality standard of reused water, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a process sewage advanced treatment system and a sewage advanced treatment method.
Background
The process sewage is mainly Lurgi process coal gasification sewage, the CODcr concentration of the coal gasification sewage is high, the coal gasification sewage belongs to organic sewage, the coal gasification sewage contains ammonia nitrogen and phenol, the coal gasification sewage has certain chromaticity, and the process sewage has the following characteristics: (1) the concentration of organic matters in the sewage is high, the CODcr is 3500mg/L, the B/C value is about 0.33, and a biochemical treatment process can be adopted; (2) the sewage contains refractory organic matters such as unit phenol, polyhydric phenol and other substances containing benzene rings and heterocyclic rings, has certain biological toxicity, is difficult to decompose in an aerobic environment, and needs to be subjected to ring opening and degradation in an anaerobic/facultative environment; (3) the sewage has high ammonia nitrogen concentration and high treatment difficulty, and a treatment process with high nitrification and denitrification capabilities needs to be selected; (4) the sewage contains floating oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil and dissolved oil substances, and the main component of the dissolved oil is aromatic compounds of phenols; the emulsified oil needs to be removed by adopting an air floatation mode, and the soluble phenol substances need to be removed by biochemical and adsorption methods; (5) the biological sewage treatment agent contains toxicity inhibiting substances, phenol, polyphenol, ammonia nitrogen and other toxicity inhibiting substances in sewage, the antitoxic capability of microorganisms needs to be improved through domestication, and the impact resistance of a system needs to be improved through selecting a proper process; (6) the influence of abnormal sewage discharge can cause the abnormal sewage discharge with high pollutant concentration when a problem occurs in the process production process, the sewage can not directly enter a biochemical treatment system, and measures such as accident adjustment and the like need to be set; (7) the sewage has high chromaticity and contains a part of substances with chromogenic groups; (8) the hardness and the soluble solid content in the sewage are high, the water quality requirement of the circulating water replenishing cannot be met, and the salt is completely removed. Salt in the sewage treatment system mainly comes from process sewage, and salt generated by adding a medicament in the sewage treatment process needs to be desalted from the perspective of reuse water.
Although there is a system for advanced treatment of lurgi furnace process wastewater in the prior art, the above proposed characteristics of wastewater are not comprehensively treated, so that in order to ensure the quality of effluent water from the process wastewater treatment, a technical staff in the art needs to provide a system for more comprehensively and effectively treating process wastewater, so that the treated effluent water realizes zero discharge and reaches the quality standard of reuse water, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for more comprehensively and effectively treating process sewage, so that the treated effluent realizes zero emission and reaches the quality standard of reuse water, and secondary pollution is avoided. The invention selects and uses the process sewage to remove CODcr and BOD5The biochemical treatment process mainly comprises the steps of selecting a pretreatment process mainly aiming at oil removal and decoloration and selecting a post-treatment strengthening process mainly aiming at physical change, so that the process sewage and the salt-containing sewage generated in the process of treating the process sewage are effectively purified.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process wastewater advanced treatment system, the treatment system comprising: the pretreatment unit, the biochemical treatment unit and the post-treatment strengthening unit are connected in sequence; the treatment system also comprises a sewage reuse unit; wherein,
the pretreatment unit comprises an adjusting homogenization tank, an oil separation sedimentation tank and an air floatation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the adjusting homogenization tank is connected with a process sewage inlet pipe;
the biochemical treatment unit comprises an acidification hydrolysis tank, a primary biochemical tank, a middle sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the primary biochemical tank and the middle sedimentation tank, the secondary biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank are respectively provided with a circulating pipeline for forming internal circulating liquid reflux, and the water inlet end of the acidification hydrolysis tank is connected with the water outlet end of an air floatation tank in the pretreatment unit;
the post-treatment strengthening unit comprises a coagulation air flotation tank, an ozone contact tank, a biological aerated filter, a primary filtering and adsorbing tank, a secondary filtering and adsorbing tank and a monitoring tank which are sequentially connected.
Preferably, the treatment system also comprises a sludge treatment unit, wherein the sludge treatment unit comprises a dirty oil tank, a sludge tank, a dehydration sludge tank and a belt type dehydrator which are sequentially connected; the sewage oil tank is connected with oil discharge ports of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank and the air floatation tank, and the sludge tank is connected with sludge discharge ports at the bottoms of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank, the air floatation tank and the acidification hydrolysis tank.
Furthermore, the sludge treatment unit also comprises a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the primary biochemical tank and the intermediate sedimentation tank, and a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the secondary biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank.
Furthermore, the primary biochemical tank adopts a completely mixed tank type blast aeration type oxidation ditch process, and the secondary biochemical tank adopts a pre-denitrification A/O process.
Preferably, still be equipped with the accident equalizing basin on adjusting the homogeneous jar, be equipped with the dive mixer that guarantees to get into various sewage homogeneous mixing in the equalizing basin in the accident equalizing basin.
Preferably, the oil separation sedimentation tank is a horizontal flow sedimentation tank, and an oil and mud scraper is arranged in the sedimentation tank.
Preferably, the sewage reuse unit comprises a biochemical sewage reuse unit, a saline sewage reuse unit and a multi-effect evaporation unit which are mutually integrated to form dynamic balance.
Further, the biochemical sewage reuse unit comprises a clarification tank, a walnut shell filter, an air-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device and a primary reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; lime for softening water entering the clarification tank is added into the clarification tank; reducing agent and scale inhibitor are added into the produced water of the ultrafiltration device and then enter a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack; the produced water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a reuse water tank, the concentrated water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after being added with a scale inhibitor, the produced water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the reuse water tank, and the concentrated water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a multi-effect evaporation unit; backwashing water of the walnut shell filter, the air-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device enters a wastewater tank, chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device, the primary reverse osmosis membrane stack and the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the wastewater tank, and wastewater in the wastewater tank is lifted to a biochemical treatment unit by a pump;
the salt-containing sewage reuse unit comprises a homogenizing tank, a clarification tank, an air-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device and a primary reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; lime for softening water entering the clarification tank is added into the clarification tank; reducing agent and scale inhibitor are added into the produced water of the ultrafiltration device and then enter a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack; the produced water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a reuse water tank, the concentrated water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after being added with a scale inhibitor, the produced water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the reuse water tank, and the concentrated water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a multi-effect evaporation unit; the backwashing water of the gas-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device flows back to the homogenization tank through the wastewater tank; the chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device, the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack and the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack is pumped to a process sewage biochemical treatment unit;
the multi-effect evaporation unit adopts a four-effect falling film concurrent flow evaporator to evaporate and condense the materials.
Preferably, an external circulation anaerobic system is further arranged between the acidification hydrolysis tank and the primary biochemical tank.
The invention also provides a process sewage advanced treatment method, which adopts the treatment system of the invention and comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: making the process sewage flow into an adjusting homogenization tank of a pretreatment unit, and sequentially carrying out oil removal, air flotation, deoiling, decoloring and desliming treatment; when the process drainage exceeds the upper limit of the control index, the process drainage is switched to enter an accident adjusting tank for storage;
biochemical treatment: the air-float effluent flows into a middle biochemical treatment unit and is sequentially subjected to acidification and hydrolysis, primary biochemical oxygen-poor and oxygen-consuming treatment and secondary biochemical oxygen-poor and oxygen-consuming treatment;
and (3) post-treatment: the effluent after biochemical treatment enters the post-treatment strengthening unit to be sequentially subjected to coagulation air flotation, ozone contact, aeration biological filtration, primary filtration adsorption and secondary filtration adsorption treatment, and the post-treated effluent is monitored in real time through a monitoring tank;
and (3) recycling sewage: the effluent of the post-treatment strengthening unit is sequentially subjected to biochemical sewage recycling, salt-containing sewage recycling and multi-effect evaporation treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, a three-stage treatment structure is formed by the sequentially connected pretreatment unit, biochemical treatment unit and post-treatment strengthening unit, and the treated sewage is subjected to biochemical sewage reuse treatment, salt-containing sewage reuse treatment and multi-effect evaporation treatment according to the reuse requirements of different sewages, so that the treated effluent realizes zero discharge and reaches the quality standard of reuse water, and secondary pollution is avoided.
The method provided by the invention is more comprehensive, can effectively treat the process sewage, and has stronger applicability.
2) The first step of the invention is to introduce an acidification and hydrolysis process in a biochemical treatment unit, wherein the acidification and hydrolysis process is one of more processes adopted by the coking sewage, and can improve the biochemical performance of the sewage and increase the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand)5The ratio of/CODcr solves the problem of final removal of some aerobic non-biochemical organic matters. During the acidification reaction, sewage is generatedThe structure of macromolecular organic substances in the water is changed, so that the components in the sewage are changed, the processes of intermolecular bond breakage, conversion, hydroxylation and the like of certain single aerobic non-degradable organic substances are realized, the change of the sewage component structure is favorable for the treatment of the subsequent process, and the sewage treatment effect is improved.
3) In addition, the invention also introduces an External Circulation (EC) anaerobic system in the biochemical treatment unit, and the External Circulation (EC) anaerobic system is arranged between the acidification hydrolysis tank and the primary biochemical tank. An External Circulation (EC) anaerobic system can complete an anaerobic co-metabolism process, the conversion process of carboxylation and acylation of partial organic matters is realized while the water quality of phenol ammonia recovery wastewater is improved, and the conversion of polyphenol to quinone substances is avoided. An External Circulation (EC) anaerobic system converts part of phenol ammonia recovery wastewater pollutants into methane by using anaerobic bacteria, converts part of nondegradable organic matters into easily-degradable organic matters, reduces the treatment difficulty and the operation burden for a subsequent aerobic biological process, and is a main process for removing the pollutants in the whole process.
4) The post-treatment strengthening unit adopts three-stage treatment of flocculation air flotation, ozone oxidation and Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) and filtration adsorption process flow. The process route can remove chroma and nondegradable CODcr through flocculation air flotation, oxidation and filtration adsorption, improve the biochemical performance of sewage through ozone modification, and further remove NH in the sewage through BAF3N, CODcr, removing CODcr and SS in the water by adsorption filtration, effectively meeting the requirement of subsequent treatment and further ensuring the treatment effect.
5) The sludge produced by the sewage treatment biochemical system mainly flocculates and deposits sludge and biological excess sludge, and the belt filter press commonly used in China at present is adopted, so that the belt filter press has the advantages of mature equipment operation, low power consumption, localization and the like, and is convenient for practical application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sewage reuse unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the biochemical sewage reuse unit.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a salt-containing wastewater recycling unit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the multi-effect evaporation unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a process sewage advanced treatment system and a sewage advanced treatment method, the treatment system comprises: the pretreatment unit, the biochemical treatment unit and the post-treatment strengthening unit are connected in sequence; the treatment system also comprises a sewage reuse unit; wherein,
the pretreatment unit comprises an adjusting homogenization tank, an oil separation sedimentation tank and an air floatation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the adjusting homogenization tank is connected with a process sewage inlet pipe;
the biochemical treatment unit comprises an acidification hydrolysis tank, a first-stage biochemical tank, a middle sedimentation tank, a second-stage biochemical tank and a second sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the first-stage biochemical tank and the middle sedimentation tank, the second-stage biochemical tank and the second sedimentation tank are respectively provided with a circulating pipeline for forming internal circulating liquid reflux, and the acidification hydrolysis tank is connected with the water outlet end of an air floatation tank in the pretreatment unit;
the post-treatment strengthening unit comprises a coagulation air flotation tank, an ozone contact tank, a biological aerated filter, a primary filtering and adsorbing tank, a secondary filtering and adsorbing tank and a monitoring tank which are sequentially connected.
The treatment system also comprises a sludge treatment unit, wherein the sludge treatment unit comprises a dirty oil pool, a sludge pool, a dewatered sludge pool and a belt type dewaterer which are sequentially connected; the sewage oil tank is connected with oil discharge ports of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank and the air floatation tank, and the sludge tank is connected with sludge discharge ports at the bottoms of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank, the air floatation tank and the acidification hydrolysis tank.
The sludge treatment unit also comprises a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the first-stage biochemical tank and the intermediate sedimentation tank, and a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the second-stage biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank. The first-stage biochemical tank adopts a completely mixed tank type blast aeration type oxidation ditch process, and the second-stage biochemical tank adopts a pre-denitrification A/O process.
Still be equipped with the accident equalizing basin on adjusting the homogeneous jar, be equipped with the dive mixer that guarantees to get into various sewage homogeneous mixing in the equalizing basin in the accident equalizing basin.
The oil separation sedimentation tank is a horizontal flow type sedimentation tank, and an oil and mud scraper is arranged in the sedimentation tank.
As shown in fig. 2, the treatment system further comprises a sewage recycling unit, wherein the sewage recycling unit comprises a biochemical sewage recycling unit, a salt-containing sewage recycling unit and a multi-effect evaporation unit which are integrated with each other to form dynamic balance. The data units in FIG. 2 are all m3And h, water quantity data after the actual water quantity among the devices in the sewage treatment and recycling device is balanced.
As shown in fig. 3, the biochemical sewage reuse unit comprises a clarification tank, a walnut shell filter, an air-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device, a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack, a reuse water tank, a wastewater tank and a reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; wherein, the backwashing water of the walnut shell filter, the air-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device is communicated with a wastewater pool, the chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device and the reverse osmosis membrane pile flows into the wastewater pool, and the wastewater pool is uniformly lifted to a water pool of a middle biochemical treatment unit of the process sewage biochemical treatment device through a wastewater pump. And the product water of the reuse water tank is lifted by a demineralized water pump and is sent to the outside of the battery limits, and finally is sent to a circulating water station. The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is lifted to a multi-effect evaporation room by a pump for evaporation and crystallization treatment.
As shown in fig. 4, the saline sewage reuse unit comprises a homogenizing tank, a clarification tank, a gas-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device, a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack, a reuse water tank, a wastewater tank and a reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; wherein, the backwashing water of the air-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device flows back to the homogenization tank through the wastewater tank, and the chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device, the primary reverse osmosis membrane stack and the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack is uniformly lifted to a water tank of a middle biochemical treatment unit of the process sewage biochemical treatment device through a wastewater pump. And the product water of the reuse water tank is lifted by a demineralized water pump and is sent to the outside of the battery limits, and finally is sent to a circulating water station. The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is lifted to a multi-effect evaporation room by a pump for evaporation and crystallization treatment.
As shown in fig. 5, the multiple-effect evaporation unit adopts a four-effect falling film concurrent flow evaporator to evaporate and condense the material, and the material is firstly preheated by four stages before entering the evaporator, so that the temperature of the material entering the one-effect heating chamber is increased to be close to the bubble point. And then the material is conveyed to the first-effect heating chamber by the feeding pump, the heated material enters the first-effect separation chamber for vapor-liquid separation, part of the material liquid circulates back to the first-effect heating chamber through the first-effect discharging pump, the other part of the material liquid enters the second-effect heating chamber, the material liquid is evaporated in four effects in sequence, and the concentrated solution is discharged through the fourth-effect discharging pump.
The solution from the separator enters a condensate storage tank, and the residual liquid of the evaporator is sent to an evaporation pond. And recovering the condensed water obtained by condensation and sending the condensed water to a factory condensed water system.
The invention can also be provided with an external circulation anaerobic system between the acidification hydrolysis tank and the primary biochemical tank.
The working process of the present invention is explained in detail by the following examples.
Example 1
The water inlet source of the system is divided into two parts, wherein the first part is process sewage; the second part is saline sewage. The process sewage is mainly Lurgi process coal gasification sewage, and the device combines domestic sewage, ground washing water and initial rainwater with the Lurgi process coal gasification sewage.
With reference to fig. 1, the system has the following sewage treatment processes: the production sewage discharged from the bottom of the phenol recovery water tower in the process device area enters a sewage homogenizing tank, the sewage is subjected to oil separation and water quantity and water quality regulation in the tank, the effect of homogenizing water quantity and water quality is achieved, and the relative stability of the water quality and the water quantity of the sewage entering a biological treatment unit and a subsequent treatment unit is ensured.
The condition that the process drainage exceeds the normal index in the coal chemical production process is inevitable, so a regulating reservoir is arranged during design. When pollutants such as CODcr, oil, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the incoming water exceed the upper limit of the control index, the incoming water can be switched to enter the regulating tank for storage, and after the quality of the incoming water is normal, the water in the regulating tank is pumped into the sewage homogenizing tank at a small flow rate by a pump. When the water inflow is not uniform, the water quantity of the sewage homogenizing tank can flow into the sewage adjusting tank. The diving mixer is arranged in the adjusting tank to ensure that various sewages entering the adjusting tank are uniformly mixed.
The effluent of the homogenizing tank flows into an oil separation sedimentation tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank is of a horizontal flow type, and an oil and mud scraper is arranged in the tank. The floating oil of the oil separation sedimentation tank enters a dirty oil tank, the sludge at the bottom of the tank enters a sludge tank, and finally the sludge is sent to a sludge dewatering room. Most of oil, suspended substances, small part of CODcr and chromaticity can be removed through the treatment of the oil-separating sedimentation tank, and the treatment load of a subsequent biochemical system is reduced.
The effluent of the oil separation sedimentation tank contains emulsified oil, and if the emulsified oil is not removed, the emulsified oil can cause certain influence on a subsequent treatment unit, particularly a membrane device of a desalting system, and an air flotation device is arranged in the process. And (3) the effluent of the oil separation sedimentation tank enters an air floatation tank, is mixed and reacts with the added flocculating agent and coagulant aid in the reaction tank, and emulsified oil is removed through air floatation.
Air-floatThe effluent flows into a middle biochemical treatment unit and firstly enters an acidification hydrolysis tank; the backwashing water, other production wastewater, bottom flushing water and initial rainwater of the domestic sewage and biochemical sewage reuse system of the plant area also enter the acidification hydrolysis tank, and the acidification hydrolysis process can improve the biochemical performance of the sewage and increase the BOD5The ratio of/CODcr, specifically, in the course of acidification reaction, the macromolecular organic substance structure in the sewage is changed, and the component in the sewage is changed, so that the intermolecular bond breaking, conversion and hydroxylation of some single aerobic non-degradable organic substances can be implemented, and the change of sewage component structure is favourable for treatment of subsequent process, and can raise sewage treatment effect.
The effluent of the acidification hydrolysis tank enters a primary biochemical tank (namely a primary A/O tank, namely the blast aeration type oxidation ditch process in the invention), and biological decarburization and denitrification reactions occur in the A/O tank. The first-stage A/O pool is provided with an internal circulating liquid system for refluxing the mixed liquid. In the A/O tank, sewage enters the anoxic section and the aerobic section in sequence, and the characteristics of anoxic organisms and aerobic organisms are fully utilized to purify the sewage. Air required for the primary a/O cell is provided by a blower.
And the effluent of the first-stage A/O pool enters an intermediate sedimentation tank, and the effluent enters a second-stage A/O pool after mud-water separation. And returning sludge precipitated in the intermediate sedimentation tank to the front end of the first-stage A/O tank by using a pump, and lifting the residual sludge to a sludge tank of the dosing dehydration room by using a pump.
The effluent of the intermediate sedimentation tank enters a secondary biochemical tank (namely a secondary A/O tank), and biological decarburization and denitrification reaction are further carried out in the A/O tank, so that CODcr is further removed. The second-level A/O pool is provided with an internal circulating liquid system for refluxing the mixed liquid.
And the effluent of the secondary A/O tank enters a secondary sedimentation tank for mud-water separation, the return sludge precipitated in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the front end of the secondary A/O tank by a pump, and the residual sludge is lifted to a sludge tank of the dosing dehydration room by the pump.
And (3) the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a coagulation reaction tank, is mixed with a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid which are added, and the sewage after coagulation reaction enters an air floatation device. The purpose of adding the flocculating agent is to further remove organic pollutants, chromaticity and suspended matters and reduce the using amount of ozone.
The effluent of the coagulation and air floatation device enters an ozone contact buffer tank, the chromaticity of the sewage is further removed under the action of ozone, and the ozone modification of the sewage is simultaneously performed, so that the subsequent BAF removal efficiency is favorably improved. In order to prevent the residual ozone which is not completely reacted from generating toxic action on a downstream BAF system, the buffer pool is designed and considered to be added, and the effect of eliminating the toxic action on downstream microorganisms is achieved through self attenuation and prolonged reaction time. The ozone contact tank is of a closed structure, and an ozone tail gas destruction system is arranged at the top of the tank.
The sewage enters an aeration biological filter after being treated by ozone; the biochemical performance of the sewage modified by ozone is improved, and after BAF treatment, COD and NH are added3-N will decrease further. Oxygen required by BAF is supplied by a blower, and the BAF is provided with an air back flushing system and a water back flushing system. The backflushing sewage enters a backflushing sewage tank and is pumped to an intermediate water tank (not shown in the figure) at the front end of the acidification and hydrolysis tank.
And lifting the BAF effluent to a first-stage filtration and adsorption tank, filling an adsorbent with an adsorption function in the filtration and adsorption tank, further removing organic matters and chromaticity in the sewage, and lifting the adsorbent saturated in adsorption to a regeneration room through water power for regeneration. If the effluent of the first-stage adsorption tank can reach the index of the water inlet and reuse device, the process reuse water device is directly switched to, and if the effluent of the first-stage adsorption tank cannot meet the index, the effluent of the first-stage filtration adsorption tank flows into the second-stage filtration adsorption tank. The second-stage filtering adsorption tank is also filled with an adsorbent.
In the process of sewage treatment, the treatment process of the sludge treatment unit in the system is as follows:
and (3) the sludge from the bottom of the adjusting homogenizing tank, the oil separating sedimentation tank and the flocculation sedimentation tank and the biochemical excess sludge enter a sludge tank, and sludge cakes are transported outside for disposal after belt type dehydration treatment.
Referring to fig. 3, the treatment process of the biochemical sewage reuse unit in the system is as follows: the biochemical sewage is treated by a biochemical device, and the effluent enters a clarification tank firstly, lime is added into the clarification tank, and the hardness of carbonate and bicarbonate in the water is softened and removed. And the supernatant of the clarification tank flows into a water suction tank, is lifted to a walnut shell filter by a pump to remove a small amount of oil possibly contained in water, and the walnut shell filter is provided with a timing backwashing device. The effluent of the walnut shell filter automatically flows into the air-water backflushing filter, the air-water backflushing filter adopts a homogeneous filter material, particles, suspended matters, colloid and other pollutants in water are intercepted, the pollution index is reduced, the water quality can meet the requirement of entering an ultrafiltration device, and the air-water backflushing filter adopts water and air backflushing at regular time. The effluent of the air-water backflushing filter tank flows into a filter tank water production tank, is lifted by an ultrafiltration water supply pump, firstly passes through a self-cleaning filter, intercepts particles and suspended matters possibly remaining in water, plays a security role, enters an ultrafiltration device after passing through the self-cleaning filter, and the ultrafiltration device realizes removal of biological pollutants, particles, colloid, turbidity, bacteria and the like in wastewater and meets the water inlet quality requirement of a reverse osmosis system.
The produced water of the ultrafiltration device enters an ultrafiltration water producing tank and is lifted by an RO1 feed pump, a pipeline mixer is arranged at the outlet of the RO1 feed pump, a reducing agent and a scale inhibitor are added into the pipeline mixer to reduce the oxidant in the water and avoid the oxidant from damaging a reverse osmosis membrane, and the scale inhibitor is added to avoid the scaling of the salt in the water on the surface of the membrane; the water after adding the chemicals enters a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack after passing through an RO1 high-pressure pump and a cartridge filter, the water produced by the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a product water pool, the concentrated water enters an RO1 concentrated water pool, the reverse osmosis water recovery rate is 75%, and the desalination rate is more than 97%; the water in the RO1 concentrated water tank is lifted by an RO2 feed pump, then scale inhibitor is added to avoid the scale formation of the salt after concentration in the water on the membrane surface, the water enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after passing through an RO2 high-pressure pump and a cartridge filter, the produced water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a product water tank, and the concentrated water enters an RO2 concentrated water tank; the reverse osmosis water recovery rate is 50%, and the desalination rate is more than 97%.
Backwashing water of the walnut shell filter, the filter tank and the ultrafiltration device enters a wastewater tank, chemical cleaning water of ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and other membrane stacks flows into the wastewater tank, and the wastewater tank is uniformly lifted to a middle water tank of the process sewage biochemical treatment device through a wastewater pump. And the product water in the product water pool is lifted by the demineralized water pump and is sent to the outside of the battery limits, and finally is sent to the circulating water station. The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is lifted to a multi-effect evaporation room by a pump for evaporation and crystallization treatment.
Referring to fig. 4, the treatment process of the saline wastewater reuse unit in the system is as follows: the salt-containing sewage discharged from the circulating water station, the power plant and the desalted water station firstly enters a homogeneous tank in a boundary area and is mixed with backwashing water such as ultrafiltration and filtration. The water from the homogenizing tank enters a clarification tank, lime is added into the clarification tank to soften the hardness of carbonate and bicarbonate in the water and remove the hardness in the water, the clarified supernatant flows into a water absorption tank and is lifted to a filter tank by a pump, the filter tank adopts a homogenizing filter material and an air-water backwashing mode to intercept pollutants such as particles, suspended matters, colloid and the like in the water and reduce pollution index, so that the water quality can meet the requirement of entering an ultrafiltration device, and the filter tank adopts water and air backwashing at regular time. The water outlet of the filter tank flows into the filter tank water production tank, is lifted by the ultrafiltration water feed pump, and is firstly intercepted by the self-cleaning filter to possible residual particles and suspended matters in water, so that the security function is achieved, the water enters the ultrafiltration device after the self-cleaning filter, the ultrafiltration device realizes the removal of biological pollutants, particles, colloid, turbidity, bacteria and the like in wastewater, and the water inlet quality requirement of the reverse osmosis system is met.
The produced water of the ultrafiltration device enters an ultrafiltration water producing tank and is lifted by an RO1 feed pump, a pipeline mixer is arranged at the outlet of the RO1 feed pump, a reducing agent and a scale inhibitor are added into the pipeline mixer to reduce the oxidant in the water and avoid the oxidant from damaging a reverse osmosis membrane, and the scale inhibitor is added to avoid the scaling of the salt in the water on the surface of the membrane; the water after adding the chemicals enters a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack after passing through an RO1 high-pressure pump and a cartridge filter, the produced water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a product water pool, and the concentrated water enters an RO1 concentrated water pool; the recovery rate of the first-stage reverse osmosis water is 75%, and the desalination rate is more than 97%.
The water in the RO1 concentrated water tank is lifted by an RO2 feed pump, then scale inhibitor is added to avoid the scale formation of the salt after concentration in the water on the membrane surface, the salt enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after passing through an RO2 high-pressure pump and a cartridge filter, the water produced by the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a product water tank, and the concentrated water enters an RO2 concentrated water tank; the reverse osmosis water recovery rate is 50%, and the desalination rate is more than 97%.
Backwash water of the filter pool and the ultrafiltration device enters a wastewater pool, and chemical cleaning water of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membrane stacks flows into the wastewater pool and is lifted to an intermediate water pool of the process sewage biochemical treatment device through a wastewater pump. And the product water in the product water pool is lifted by the demineralized water pump and is sent to the outside of the battery limits, and finally is sent to the circulating water station. The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis of the concentrated water is lifted to a multi-effect evaporation room by a pump for evaporation and crystallization treatment.
In addition, it should be noted that waste gas generated by a sewage adjusting tank, an oil separation sedimentation tank, an adjusting tank, an acidification hydrolysis tank, a dosing dehydration room, a sludge tank and the like in the sewage treatment system is collected by a closed collecting device, and is sent to a waste gas treatment device by a centrifugal fan and an air pipe for treatment, the waste gas is humidified by an advection humidifying device, then the gas enters a biological filter bed, a plurality of microorganisms in the biological filter bed absorb and decompose trace hydrocarbon substances, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other odor causing substances in the gas through gas-liquid-solid mass transfer to generate simple, harmless and odorless substances, and the treated gas reaches the secondary standard of the factory boundary concentration limit value of the odor substances specified in the odor pollutant emission standard GB14554-93 of the people's republic of China and the secondary standard of the factory boundary (edge of a protection zone) waste gas emission in the pollutant emission standard GB18918-2002 of the urban sewage treatment plant.
In the prior art, the removal rate of coal gasification wastewater by biochemical treatment of CODcr is about 90%, the effluent CODcr is about 250mg/L, and the aftertreatment strengthening unit adopts a single treatment process and cannot meet the effluent index requirement, so that the aftertreatment strengthening unit is economical and reasonable in consideration of the treatment efficiency of each unit process, the aftertreatment strengthening unit adopts coagulation air flotation, ozone + aeration biological filter (BAF) and two-stage filtration and adsorption treatment processes, and the CODcr removal rate of each unit is as follows: 20 percent of coagulation air flotation, 30 percent of ozone and BAF, and about 40 percent of single-stage CODcr removal rate of filtration and adsorption. The CODcr amount removed by two-stage filtration and adsorption is 91 mg/L. In actual operation, the water quality of the effluent can be flexibly controlled by adopting operations of parallel connection, series connection, bypass part water and the like according to the water quality condition.
TABLE 1 treatment efficiency of each unit of sewage treatment
Note: 1) the sulfide entering the biochemical device is controlled below 20 mg/L.
2) The sewage inlet water contains 100mg/L organic nitrogen, and the organic nitrogen is converted into ammonia nitrogen in the biochemical process.
Example 2
The sewage in the factory is treated systematically by the following steps.
1) Pretreatment: making the process sewage flow into an adjusting homogenization tank of a pretreatment unit, and sequentially carrying out oil removal, air flotation, deoiling, decoloring and desliming treatment; when the process drainage exceeds the upper limit of the control index, the process drainage is switched to enter an accident adjusting tank for storage;
2) biochemical treatment: the air-floated effluent flows into a middle biochemical treatment unit and is sequentially subjected to acidification and hydrolysis, external circulation anaerobic treatment, primary biochemical oxygen deficiency and consumption treatment and secondary biochemical oxygen deficiency and consumption treatment;
3) and (3) post-treatment: the effluent after biochemical treatment enters the post-treatment strengthening unit to be sequentially subjected to coagulation air flotation, ozone contact, aeration biological filtration, primary filtration adsorption and secondary filtration adsorption treatment, and the post-treated effluent is monitored in real time through a monitoring tank;
4) and (3) recycling sewage: and (4) sequentially carrying out biochemical sewage recycling, salt-containing sewage recycling and multi-effect evaporation treatment on the effluent of the post-treatment strengthening unit to obtain reuse water.
The specific process of the above processing steps is completely the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
It is emphasized that example 2 adds an external circulation anaerobic treatment process between the acidification hydrolysis tank and the primary biochemical tank of example 1, and the external circulation anaerobic treatment system realizes the conversion processes of partial organic matter carboxylation and benzene acylation while improving the quality of wastewater from phenol-ammonia recovery, and avoids the conversion of polyphenol to quinone substances. The external circulation anaerobic treatment method utilizes anaerobic bacteria to convert part of phenol ammonia recovered wastewater pollutants into methane, simultaneously converts part of organic matters which are difficult to degrade into organic matters which are easy to degrade, and reduces the treatment difficulty and the operation burden for the subsequent aerobic biological process, thereby having better sewage treatment effect than that of the embodiment 1.
Claims (10)
1. A process wastewater advanced treatment system is characterized by comprising: the pretreatment unit, the biochemical treatment unit and the post-treatment strengthening unit are connected in sequence; the treatment system also comprises a sewage reuse unit; wherein,
the pretreatment unit comprises an adjusting homogenization tank, an oil separation sedimentation tank and an air floatation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the adjusting homogenization tank is connected with a process sewage inlet pipe;
the biochemical treatment unit comprises an acidification hydrolysis tank, a primary biochemical tank, a middle sedimentation tank, a secondary biochemical tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the primary biochemical tank and the middle sedimentation tank, the secondary biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank are respectively provided with a circulating pipeline for forming internal circulating liquid reflux, and the water inlet end of the acidification hydrolysis tank is connected with the water outlet end of an air floatation tank in the pretreatment unit;
the post-treatment strengthening unit comprises a coagulation air flotation tank, an ozone contact tank, a biological aerated filter, a primary filtering and adsorbing tank, a secondary filtering and adsorbing tank and a monitoring tank which are sequentially connected.
2. The advanced treatment system for process wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the treatment system also comprises a sludge treatment unit, wherein the sludge treatment unit comprises a dirty oil tank, a sludge tank, a dehydrated sludge tank and a belt type dehydrator which are sequentially connected; the sewage oil tank is connected with oil discharge ports of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank and the air floatation tank, and the sludge tank is connected with sludge discharge ports at the bottoms of the adjusting homogenization tank, the oil separation sedimentation tank, the air floatation tank and the acidification hydrolysis tank.
3. The advanced treatment system for process wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sludge treatment unit also comprises a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the first-stage biochemical tank and the intermediate sedimentation tank, and a sludge backflow pump station which forms sludge backflow with the second-stage biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank.
4. The advanced process wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first-stage biochemical tank adopts a completely mixed tank type blast aeration type oxidation ditch process, and the second-stage biochemical tank adopts a pre-denitrification A/O process.
5. The advanced treatment system for process wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with the accident equalizing basin on adjusting the homogeneous jar, be equipped with the dive mixer that guarantees to get into various sewage homogeneous mixing in the equalizing basin in the accident equalizing basin.
6. The advanced treatment system for process wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the oil separation sedimentation tank is a horizontal flow type sedimentation tank, and an oil and mud scraper is arranged in the sedimentation tank.
7. The advanced treatment system for process wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the sewage reuse unit comprises a biochemical sewage reuse unit, a saline sewage reuse unit and a multi-effect evaporation unit which are mutually integrated to form dynamic balance.
8. The advanced process wastewater treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the biochemical sewage reuse unit comprises a clarification tank, a walnut shell filter, an air-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device and a primary reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; lime for softening water entering the clarification tank is added into the clarification tank; reducing agent and scale inhibitor are added into the produced water of the ultrafiltration device and then enter a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack; the produced water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a reuse water tank, the concentrated water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after being added with a scale inhibitor, the produced water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the reuse water tank, and the concentrated water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a multi-effect evaporation unit; backwashing water of the walnut shell filter, the air-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device enters a wastewater tank, chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device, the primary reverse osmosis membrane stack and the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the wastewater tank, and wastewater in the wastewater tank is lifted to a biochemical treatment unit by a pump;
the salt-containing sewage reuse unit comprises a homogenizing tank, a clarification tank, an air-water backflushing filter tank, an ultrafiltration device and a primary reverse osmosis membrane stack which are sequentially connected; lime for softening water entering the clarification tank is added into the clarification tank; reducing agent and scale inhibitor are added into the produced water of the ultrafiltration device and then enter a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack; the produced water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a reuse water tank, the concentrated water of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack after being added with a scale inhibitor, the produced water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters the reuse water tank, and the concentrated water of the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack enters a multi-effect evaporation unit; the backwashing water of the gas-water backwashing filter and the ultrafiltration device flows back to the homogenization tank through the wastewater tank; the chemical cleaning water of the ultrafiltration device, the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane stack and the concentrated water reverse osmosis membrane stack is pumped to a process sewage biochemical treatment unit;
the multi-effect evaporation unit adopts a four-effect falling film concurrent flow evaporator to evaporate and condense the materials.
9. The advanced treatment system for process sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: an external circulation anaerobic system is also arranged between the acidification hydrolysis tank and the primary biochemical tank.
10. A sewage advanced treatment method of the sewage advanced treatment system according to any one of the processes of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
pretreatment: making the process sewage flow into an adjusting homogenization tank of a pretreatment unit, and sequentially carrying out oil removal, air flotation, deoiling, decoloring and desliming treatment; when the process drainage exceeds the upper limit of the control index, the process drainage is switched to enter an accident adjusting tank for storage;
biochemical treatment: the air-float effluent flows into a middle biochemical treatment unit and is sequentially subjected to acidification and hydrolysis, primary biochemical oxygen-poor and oxygen-consuming treatment and secondary biochemical oxygen-poor and oxygen-consuming treatment;
and (3) post-treatment: the effluent after biochemical treatment enters the post-treatment strengthening unit to be sequentially subjected to coagulation air flotation, ozone contact, aeration biological filtration, primary filtration adsorption and secondary filtration adsorption treatment, and the post-treated effluent is monitored in real time through a monitoring tank;
and (3) recycling sewage: the effluent of the post-treatment strengthening unit is sequentially subjected to biochemical sewage recycling, salt-containing sewage recycling and multi-effect evaporation treatment.
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