CN114504438B - 一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN114504438B
CN114504438B CN202210113953.3A CN202210113953A CN114504438B CN 114504438 B CN114504438 B CN 114504438B CN 202210113953 A CN202210113953 A CN 202210113953A CN 114504438 B CN114504438 B CN 114504438B
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甘以明
陈富章
王成
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Foshan Ruiyuan Technology Co ltd
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
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    • A61F13/538Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by specific fibre orientation or weave
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/537Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
    • A61F2013/53765Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry
    • A61F2013/53778Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry with grooves
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
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Abstract

本发明属于吸收制品技术领域,公开了一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用。本发明导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:采用多条第一纱线沿水平轴向平行排列或非织造布,作为第一层材料;第一纱线或非织造布预先经过热收缩处理;采用多条第二纱线沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,再采用热粘合的方式进行粘合,然后进行热收缩处理,得到导流层。本发明通过对第一纱线或非织造布预先经过热收缩处理,粘合后再进行热收缩处理,使得第一层材料弯曲,第二层材料收缩形成弓形结构,从而具有较大的内应力,提高了液体在垂直方向和水平方向上的导流效果,且能实现对液体的定向流动控制。

Description

一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于吸收制品技术领域,特别涉及一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
吸收制品通常被用来吸收和容纳人体的排出物,主要包括但不限于卫生巾、婴幼儿尿不湿和成人纸尿裤等类似的产品,通常是由快速采集液体并保持干爽的面层、引导液体迅速分散流动和下渗的导流层、吸收并保持液体的吸收层和防止液体流出的底层组成。
导流层一般位于面层和吸收层之间,主要是为了快速采集液体,并将液体导流至吸收层,提高吸收制品的利用效率和吸收效率,使液体远离面层为穿着者提供良好的干燥性。目前,导流层通常采用非织造材料,包括熔喷布、纺粘布、针刺布以及梳理成网的粘结非织造织物。WO94/23761专利公开了由卷曲和加捻的纤维素纤维材料,来增强液体的下渗和采集;US2008/0312622A1专利公开了包含至少50%重量的交联纤维素纤维,提供了较高的空隙体积,加速液体吸收提升干爽性。
除了在材料的选择上,通常也会在导流层上进行分区和通道设计,来最大限度的利用吸收制品的吸收效率和吸收量。US2013/073350专利公开了具有纵向上、侧向上和其它方向上取向的通道结构的吸收制品,可以有效改善吸收制品的渗漏;CN101874756专利公开了具有第一端区,第二端区和中心区,且每个端区具有多个通道的吸收制品,能够有效的利用吸收制品的吸收容量。多种其他的导流层材料以及吸收通道设计已经在专利文献中提出,例如,US2017/025826,CN2017/076023,US2016/046223,US2016/014801,WO2015/31243。
尽管目前的吸收制品能够较好的引导流体被吸收,但都是在利用液体自发移动的基础上进行材料和通道设计,缺乏对流体的定向传递和智能控制。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种定向导流的导流层及其制备方法和应用,本发明制得的导流层提高了液体在垂直方向和水平方向上的导流效果,且能实现对液体的定向流动控制。
本发明的第一方面在于提供一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.采用多条第一纱线沿水平轴向平行排列或非织造布,作为第一层材料;所述第一纱线或所述非织造布预先经过热收缩处理;
S2.采用多条第二纱线沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将所述第一层材料和所述第二层材料自上而下叠合,再采用热粘合的方式进行粘合,然后进行热收缩处理,得到所述导流层。
可以理解的是,在本发明制备方法中,可以将多层第一层材料和多层第二层材料自上而下相互交叉叠合,例如自上而下包括第一层材料、第二层材料、第一层材料和第二层材料,再采用热粘合的方式进行粘合,然后进行热收缩处理,得到所述导流层。
具体的,本发明导流层的制备方法,通过对第一纱线或非织造布预先经过热收缩处理,使得第一层材料后续再经过步骤S3的热收缩处理后,其基本不会再发生收缩。而第二层材料预先没有经过热收缩处理,故经过步骤S3的热收缩处理后,其会发生大幅度的收缩,具有较大的内应力,第二层材料的内应力大于第一层材料的内应力,从而导致第一层材料弯曲,第二层材料收缩形成弓形结构。采用热粘合将第一层材料和第二层材料进行粘合,因此会形成多个均匀排列的弓形结构,弓形结构作为液体垂直方向的导流通道,均匀的导流通道提高了液体在垂直方向的导流效果。当液体到达第二层材料时,由于第二层材料具有内应力,液体沿着第二层材料移动会加快,即沿着第二纱线的轴向水平移动,从而提高液体在水平方向上的导流效果,且能实现对液体的定向流动控制。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述第一纱线的组分包括涤纶、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯和聚氨酯中的至少一种;所述第二纱线的组分包括涤纶、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯和聚氨酯中的至少一种。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述第一纱线的细度为10-300旦尼尔;所述非织造布的克重为6-300g/m2;所述第二纱线的细度为0.1-150旦尼尔。更为优选地,所述第一纱线的细度为150-300旦尼尔;所述非织造布的克重为35-300g/m2;所述第二纱线的细度为10-150旦尼尔。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述第二纱线的细度小于所述第一纱线的细度。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述热粘合的粘合点间距为0.1-10cm;所述热粘合的温度为100-300℃。更为优选地,所述热粘合的粘合点间距为2-10cm;所述热粘合的温度为200-300℃。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述热收缩处理的温度为130-250℃,所述热收缩处理的时间为20-120s。热收缩处理的温度和时间可根据具体选用的纱线或非织造布的纤维原料进行确定。更为优选地,所述热收缩处理的温度为130-180℃,所述热收缩处理的时间为60-120s。
本发明的第二方面在于提供一种导流层,其采用本发明所述的制备方法制备而成。
本发明的第三方面在于提供本发明所述导流层在制备吸收制品中的应用。
基于上述应用,本发明提供了一种吸收制品,该吸收制品包括本发明所述的导流层,所述吸收制品为卫生巾、护垫或纸尿裤。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述吸收制品由上至下还包括面层、吸收层和底层;所述导流层经沿纱线的轴向方向裁剪成若干条子导流层,所述子导流层沿相同或不同方向排列设置在所述面层和所述吸收层之间。液体从导流层的第一层材料导流到第二层材料,由于第二层材料具有内应力,液体沿着第二纱线的轴向水平移动,将导流层经沿纱线的轴向方向裁剪成若干条子导流层,如此每条子导流层中的液体就会沿着轴向进行扩散,将子导流层沿不同方向,设计不同的图案,排列设置在面层和吸收层之间,这样就能够控制液体按照设计的方向,图案进行流动,对液体进行定向控制和采集,可便于后续对排出物实施监控和分析。
相对于现有技术,本发明的有益效果以下:
本发明导流层的制备方法,通过对第一纱线或非织造布预先经过热收缩处理,将第一层材料和第二层材料进行热粘合,然后再进行热收缩处理,使得第一层材料弯曲,第二层材料收缩形成弓形结构具有较大的内应力,从而提高了液体在垂直方向和水平方向上的导流效果,且能实现对液体的定向流动控制。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的导流层制备方法的示意图;
图2是本发明实施例1的导流层沿纱线轴向方向的截面图;
图3是本发明实施例1的吸收制品的部分结构示意图;
图4是本发明实施例2的的吸收制品的部分结构示意图;
图5是本发明实施例3的导流层制备方法的示意图。
图中,100-涤纶单丝,200-涤纶复丝,300-滚轮,400-导流层,500-吸收层,600-子导流层,700-聚丙烯无纺布。
具体实施方式
为了让本领域技术人员更加清楚明白本发明所述技术方案,现列举以下实施例进行说明。需要指出的是,以下实施例对本发明要求的保护范围不构成限制作用。
以下实施例或对比例中所用的原料或装置如无特殊说明,均可从常规商业途径得到,或者可以通过现有已知方法得到。
实施例1
参照图1,一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝100,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为50旦尼尔48f的涤纶复丝200沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮300中进行点粘合,滚轮300上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过180℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
参照图2,图2为本实施例制得的导流层沿纱线轴向方向的截面图,下层的涤纶复丝200由于发生大幅度的收缩,从而与上层的涤纶单丝100形成弓形结构,如此液体经垂直流下后,在内应力的作用下,沿着涤纶复丝200的轴向进行流动。图2中的箭头代表液体的流动方向。
参照图3,一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本实施例制得的导流层400、吸收层500和底层。图3中的箭头代表液体的流动方向。
实施例2
一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为20旦尼尔24f的涤纶复丝沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮中进行点粘合,滚轮上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过180℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
参照图4,一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、吸收层500和底层,将本实施例制得的导流层沿纱线的轴向方向裁剪成多种规格的子导流层600,然后将这些子导流层600沿不同方向排列设置在面层和吸收层之间作为导流层。
实施例3
参照图5,一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将克重为35g/m2的聚丙烯无纺布700,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为10旦尼尔的涤纶单丝100沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮300中进行点粘合,滚轮300上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过180℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本实施例制得的导流层、吸收层和底层。
实施例4(与实施例1的区别仅在于,实施例4中第一层材料和第二层材料均采用细度一致的涤纶单丝。)
一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮中进行点粘合,滚轮上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过180℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本实施例制得的导流层、吸收层和底层。
实施例5(与实施例1的区别仅在于,实施例5中第二层材料采用聚酰胺复丝。)
一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为50旦尼尔48f的聚酰胺复丝沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮中进行点粘合,滚轮上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过220℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本实施例制得的导流层、吸收层和底层。
对比例1(对比例1与实施例1的区别仅在于,对比例1中点粘合完成后不再进行热收缩处理。)
一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝,经过180℃热收缩处理60s,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为50旦尼尔48f的涤纶复丝沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮中进行点粘合,滚轮上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,得到导流层。
一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本对比例制得的导流层、吸收层和底层。
对比例2(对比例2与实施例1的区别仅在于,对比例2中的涤纶单丝未经过预先热收缩处理。)
一种导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将多条细度为150旦尼尔的涤纶单丝,然后沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;
S2.将多条细度为50旦尼尔48f的涤纶复丝沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将第一层材料和第二层材料自上而下叠合,第一层材料和第二层材料同时进入带有突刺的滚轮中进行点粘合,滚轮上突刺的间距是2cm,粘合的温度为200℃,点粘合完成后再经过180℃热收缩处理60s,得到导流层。
一种吸收制品,由上至下包括面层、本对比例制得的导流层、吸收层和底层。
导流性能试验
将实施例1-5的吸收制品,对比例1-2的吸收制品以及传统吸收制品(导流层采用聚丙烯无纺布)作为测试样品进行测试,实施例1-5的吸收制品与对比例1-2的吸收制品以及传统吸收制品除了导流层不同外,其他的面层、吸收层和底层均相同,测试结果见表1所示。
表1
从表1的测试结果可以看出,本发明实施例1-5提供的吸收制品具有优异的导流速率,导流速率明显优于对比例1-2提供的吸收制品和传统吸收制品。根据流体动力学原理,在流动方向上,本发明实施例1-5导流层的纤维间距形成的通道均匀,比散乱纤维间变幻的间距通道的阻力更小,导流会明显更快,同时沿纤维的轴向方向,液体扩散移动距离更远,因此整片吸收制品的吸收效率更加显著。另外与实施例1相比,实施例4由于第一层材料和第二层材料均采用细度一致的涤纶单丝,导流效率相对较差,这是因为实施例1第二层材料的涤纶的细度比第一层材料更细,收缩后具有更大的张力作用,因此导流效率会更佳。
以上对本发明的较佳实施方式进行了具体说明,但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可作出种种的等同变型或替换,这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种吸收制品,其特征在于,由上至下包括面层、导流层、吸收层和底层;所述导流层经沿纱线的轴向方向裁剪成若干条子导流层,所述子导流层沿不同方向排列设置在所述面层和所述吸收层之间;所述吸收制品为卫生巾、护垫或纸尿裤;
所述导流层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.采用多条第一纱线沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第一层材料;所述第一纱线预先经过热收缩处理;
S2.采用多条第二纱线沿水平轴向平行排列,作为第二层材料;
S3.将所述第一层材料和所述第二层材料自上而下叠合,再采用热粘合的方式进行粘合,然后进行热收缩处理,得到所述导流层;
所述第二层材料经过步骤S3的热收缩处理后,会发生收缩,具有内应力,从而导致第一层材料弯曲,第二层材料收缩形成弓形结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于,所述第一纱线的组分包括涤纶、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯和聚氨酯中的至少一种;所述第二纱线的组分包括涤纶、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯和聚氨酯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于,所述第一纱线的细度为10-300旦尼尔;所述第二纱线的细度为0.1-150旦尼尔。
4.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于,所述第二纱线的细度小于所述第一纱线的细度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于,所述热粘合的粘合点间距为0.1-10cm;所述热粘合的温度为100-300℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于,所述热收缩处理的温度为130-250℃,所述热收缩处理的时间为20-120s。
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