CN114486287A - Test and evaluation method for vehicle brake noise - Google Patents
Test and evaluation method for vehicle brake noise Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486287A CN114486287A CN202210101938.7A CN202210101938A CN114486287A CN 114486287 A CN114486287 A CN 114486287A CN 202210101938 A CN202210101938 A CN 202210101938A CN 114486287 A CN114486287 A CN 114486287A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a test and evaluation method for vehicle brake noise, which comprises the steps of idling in neutral gear in all directions, lightly braking for many times, simulating the direction of garage moving, braking, naturally cooling at low speed, searching various noises in the process, and evaluating. By adopting the technical scheme, the brake noise is efficiently and quickly identified, the brake noise is closer to the use condition of a customer, the verification condition is comprehensive, the use condition of the customer is fully simulated, and the actual use requirement of the customer is met; the method has multiple application verification dimensions and high reliability, and greatly improves the test quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile testing, and relates to a vehicle noise detection and evaluation technology. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating vehicle braking noise.
Background
Automobile products are more and more popular, and users have higher and higher requirements on braking comfort. The higher the control requirements for brake noise. Particularly, for a vehicle standing for a long time, the noise generated after the vehicle starts is generally referred to as morning brake noise. The vehicle is stored for a long time in a static state, the residual stress on the surface of the friction pair is naturally eliminated, the surface of the friction pair is restored to the original state again, and a specific film, namely a cold-state friction film, is formed on the surface of the friction pair under specific conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure and weather).
Cold friction film: the film is a specific film formed on the surface of a friction pair (a brake disc and a friction plate) under specific conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure and weather) after the surface residual stress of the friction pair is eliminated through aging treatment. The specific tribofilms produced under the specific conditions were also different, as shown in the following table:
brake strength (Bar) | Number of times of braking |
1 | 65-75 |
2 | 55-65 |
3 | 45-55 |
4 | 25-30 |
5 | 15-20 |
6 | 5-10 |
The tribofilms formed by a series of reactions are different under different conditions (temperature, humidity, pressure, weather). The cold friction film gradually disappears as the number of braking increases, and the morning evaluation opportunity must be kept.
Firstly, the underground parking lot is closed and quiet, and the humidity is relatively high generally; secondly, the driver is in the best state no matter the physiology or the psychology in the early morning; finally, the driver is now most sensitive to the perception of braking noise. Based on the three points, it is important to verify and identify the cold braking noise in the development process for noise evaluation, and how to evaluate the morning braking noise becomes a problem to be solved.
Big data experiments show that: the cold friction film gradually disappears along with the increase of the braking times. Because the number of times of braking that can be performed is limited in the morning braking noise evaluation, the evaluation opportunities are rare every day. Therefore, the method can find problems timely, accurately and objectively in the product development stage, and is an indispensable choice in the product development process.
With the continuous promotion of the development technology of the brake system, the brake friction plate gradually extends and transits to the NAO ceramic material from the low-metal material. The NAO ceramic formula brake friction plate is superior to a low-metal formula in the aspects of brake performance, pedal feel, heat fading, water fading and the like, and the only defect is that noise is easy to generate in a low-temperature and high-humidity environment.
The practical requirement of subjective evaluation of morning brake noise makes the brake friction plate increase verification dimensionality under different attributes to possibly simulate a user to identify the brake noise in the use process, and becomes a necessary trend.
However, the verification method in the prior art does not fully consider the influence of road conditions, terrain and environment on the braking noise, and the phenomenon is often approximate. The brake noise search may not adequately evaluate the noise performance of the vehicle. The main reason is that the state and influence of the friction film are different in cold state. If the test can not be comprehensively and systematically concluded, not only huge waste is caused to the manpower, material resources and financial resources of an enterprise, but also the product loses competitiveness because problems are not found in time in the development stage.
The concept of 'Huangshan brake noise subjective evaluation' is provided in the industry and is carried out according to the requirements of 'test method and evaluation of brake noise and jitter of passenger vehicles on the whole vehicle road' (TCAAMTB17-2019), and the subjective evaluation is carried out in a mode of simulating transfer of warehouses. However, this document does not specifically describe or require evaluation of morning brake noise, and requires evaluation only in a manner simulating transfer (forward, reverse, left-turn forward, right-turn forward, left-turn reverse, right-turn reverse). The method for evaluating the morning brake noise by only simulating the database moving method (forward, backward, left-turn forward, right-turn forward, left-turn backward and right-turn backward) has the problems of loss of one-sided performance, insufficient verification dimensionality and single state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test and evaluation method for vehicle brake noise, and aims to accurately, efficiently and quickly identify and evaluate the brake noise.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention discloses a test and evaluation method of vehicle brake noise, which is mainly applied to a vehicle standing for a long time and comprises the following steps of collecting noise data in the process:
step 1, a vehicle slides in a neutral idle speed;
step 2, idling the vehicle in neutral gear and braking by light stepping;
step 3, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle and left-hitting and dead-sliding of a steering wheel;
step 4, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, left-hitting of a steering wheel, sliding and light braking;
step 5, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle and dead sliding of right hitting of the steering wheel;
step 6, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, right hitting of the steering wheel, sliding and light stepping on for braking;
step 7, according to a method of simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 8, the vehicle is driven according to the speed of 60km/h → 0 and the speed of not more than 3m/s2The deceleration of (2) performs braking for a plurality of times;
step 9, according to a method of simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 10, driving at a constant speed of 30km/h for 5km, and naturally cooling;
and step 11, according to a method for simulating the garage moving, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction respectively.
In the step 1, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox and tires and a brush sound of a braking friction pair are searched and memorized.
In step 2, squeal and graon sounds from the brake friction pair are searched.
In the step 3, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brush sound and a moan sound of a brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In the step 4, the squeal sound, the brush sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In the step 5, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brush sound and a moan sound of a brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In the step 6, the squeal sound, the brush sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In step 7, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
In the step 8, squeal sound and groan sound from the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In step 9, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
In said step 10, the brush sounds from the braking friction pair are searched and memorized.
In step 11, squeal, brush, Moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
The vehicle running direction of the method for simulating the garage transfer comprises straight forward, straight backward, left-turning forward, right-turning forward, left-turning backward and right-turning backward.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that the evaluation process is simple and clear, accurate and rapid in brake noise identification, the brake noise is closer to the use condition of a customer, the verification condition is comprehensive, the use condition of the customer is fully simulated, and the actual use requirement of the customer is met; the method has multiple application verification dimensions and high reliability, and greatly improves the test quality; valuable reference and reference are provided for subsequent reprint improvement and optimization of a passenger vehicle braking noise and shaking whole vehicle road test method and evaluation (TCAAMTB 17-2019).
Drawings
The contents of which are shown in the various figures are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the evaluation process of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the moving direction of the vehicle of the simulation transfer garage in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given in order to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method is a method for testing and evaluating the braking noise of a vehicle, and is mainly applied to a vehicle which is left for a long time. The noise generated by the method is also commonly referred to as morning brake noise, and is a method for subjective evaluation of Huangshan brake noise.
Wherein, the noise that this method involves includes:
brush sound-disc brushing sound;
squeal, otherwise known as brake squeal;
graon sound-peristaltic noise;
moan sound-moomouing sound;
judder tone-brake judder;
referring to fig. 1, the vehicle moving direction of the method for simulating garage transfer according to the present invention includes straight forward, straight backward, left forward, right forward, left backward, and right backward.
In fig. 2, the direction of movement of the vehicle in the method of simulating a garage shift in fig. 1 is represented by letters: b is straight forward, E is straight backward, A is left-turn forward, C is right-turn forward, D is left-turn backward, and F is right-turn backward.
In order to solve the problems and overcome the defects of the prior art and realize the invention aims of accurately, efficiently and quickly identifying the brake noise and evaluating the brake noise, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as shown in FIG. 2, the method for testing and evaluating the braking noise of the vehicle of the invention comprises the following steps, and noise data are collected in the process:
step 1, a vehicle slides in a neutral idle speed;
step 2, idling the vehicle in neutral gear and braking by light stepping;
step 3, the vehicle is in neutral gear and idling, and the steering wheel is driven to slide in a left dead mode;
step 4, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, left-hitting of a steering wheel, sliding and braking by light stepping;
step 5, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle and dead sliding of right hitting of the steering wheel;
step 6, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, right hitting of the steering wheel, sliding and light stepping on for braking;
step 7, according to a method of simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 8, the vehicle is driven according to the speed of 60km/h → 0 and the speed of not more than 3m/s2The deceleration of (2) performs braking for a plurality of times;
step 9, according to a method of simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 10, driving at a constant speed of 30km/h for 5km, and naturally cooling;
and step 11, according to a method for simulating the garage moving, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction respectively.
According to the invention, the defects of TCAAMTB17-2019 'test method and evaluation for braking noise and shaking of the whole vehicle road of the passenger vehicle' are exposed in the actual application process, and according to the actual use needs of customers, the subjective evaluation of the braking noise is carried out in the form change process of an I-type test friction pair in 'technical requirements and test methods for braking systems of passenger vehicles' (GB21670-2008), so that the product development process is closer to the use condition needs of customers, and the use conditions of the customers can be fully simulated.
According to the I-type test process in the technical requirements and test methods of passenger vehicle brake systems (GB21670-2008), brakes are concentrated together for a period of time, and the test process is divided into the following steps according to the form change process of friction pairs: and (3) carrying out subjective evaluation on morning brake noise according to a method of passenger car brake noise and jitter vehicle road test and evaluation (TCAAMTB17-2019) at cold state, temperature rise, high temperature, cooling and low temperature. The innovation thought of the invention is as follows: the brake noise evaluation of the brake friction pair can be accurately, efficiently and quickly identified according to the form change process of the friction pair.
Compared with the method and the device for evaluating the braking noise and the jitter of the passenger car road, which are required in TCAAMTB17-2019, the method and the device for evaluating the braking noise and the jitter of the passenger car road only carry out evaluation in a simulation warehouse moving mode, the method and the device have the advantages that the verification condition is comprehensive, and the actual use requirements of users are fully considered. The method has the operating characteristics of comprehensive use working conditions and high reliability of verification results under full verification conditions. The method has multiple application verification dimensions, the verification working condition meets the use requirements of customers, and the test quality is greatly improved.
The method comprises the following specific contents:
in the step 1, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox and tires and a brush sound of a braking friction pair are searched and memorized.
In step 2, squeal and graon sounds from the brake friction pair are searched.
The number of times of lightly stepping on the brake is recommended to be 3.
In the step 3, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brush sound and a moan sound of a brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In the step 4, the squeal sound, the brush sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
The number of times of lightly stepping on the brake is recommended to be 3.
In the step 5, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brush sound and a moan sound of a brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
In the step 6, the squeal sound, the brush sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
The number of times of lightly stepping on the brake is recommended to be 3.
In step 7, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
In the method for simulating garage transfer, the moving direction of the vehicle comprises straight forward, straight backward, left-turn forward, right-turn forward, left-turn backward and right-turn backward, and each direction is respectively braked by 3 times of light stepping.
To summarize: from the step 1 to the step 7, the whole braking process is the light stepping braking process. If brake noise is uncertain, the number of times of braking can be properly increased, but the number of times of braking should not exceed 55 times. The whole process is the cold state evaluation of the brake friction pair.
In the step 8, squeal sound and groan sound from the brake friction pair are searched and memorized.
The vehicle is about 60km/h → 0 to no more than 3m/s2The deceleration of (2) performs the left and right 10 times of braking.
To summarize: the process of step 8 is the temperature rise evaluation of the brake friction pair.
In step 9, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
In the method for simulating garage transfer, the moving direction of the vehicle comprises straight forward, straight backward, left-turn forward, right-turn forward, left-turn backward and right-turn backward, and each direction is respectively braked by 3 times of light stepping.
To summarize: the process of step 9 is a thermal evaluation of the brake friction pair.
In said step 10, the brush sounds from the braking friction pair are searched and memorized.
To summarize: the procedure of step 10 is a cooling evaluation of the brake friction pair.
In step 11, squeal, brush, Moan, groan, judder sounds from the brake friction pair are searched for and memorized.
In the method for simulating garage transfer, the moving direction of the vehicle comprises straight forward, straight backward, left-turn forward, right-turn forward, left-turn backward and right-turn backward, and each direction is respectively braked by 3 times of light stepping.
To summarize: the procedure of step 11 is a low temperature evaluation of the brake friction pair.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to apply the inventive concept and solution to other applications without substantial modification.
Claims (10)
1. A test and evaluation method for vehicle brake noise is mainly applied to vehicles standing for a long time, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps, during which noise data are collected:
step 1, a vehicle slides in a neutral idle speed;
step 2, idling the vehicle in neutral gear and braking by light stepping;
step 3, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle and left-hitting and dead-sliding of a steering wheel;
step 4, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, left-hitting of a steering wheel, sliding and light braking;
step 5, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle and dead sliding of right hitting of the steering wheel;
step 6, idling in neutral gear of the vehicle, right hitting of the steering wheel, sliding and light stepping on for braking;
step 7, according to a method for simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 8, the vehicle is driven according to the speed of 60km/h → 0 and the speed of not more than 3m/s2The deceleration of (2) performs braking for a plurality of times;
step 9, according to a method of simulating moving the garage, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction;
step 10, driving at a constant speed of 30km/h for 5km, and naturally cooling;
and step 11, according to a method for simulating the garage moving, performing light stepping braking for a plurality of times in each direction respectively.
2. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the noise from the engine, the gearbox and the tire and the brush sound of the braking friction pair are searched and recorded.
3. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 2, squeal and graon sounds from the brake friction pair are searched.
4. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brake friction pair are searched and recorded.
5. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, the squeal sound, the brosh sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and recorded.
6. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5, abnormal sounds from an engine, a gearbox, a steering engine, tire envelope interference, suspension interference and a brake friction pair are searched and recorded.
7. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 6, the squeal sound, the brush sound, the moan sound and the groan sound of the brake friction pair are searched and recorded.
8. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in said step 7, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder tones from the brake friction pair are searched for and recorded.
9. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 8, squeal sound and groan sound from the brake friction pair are searched and recorded.
10. A test and evaluation method of vehicle braking noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: in said step 9, squeal, brush, moan, groan, judder tones from the brake friction pair are searched for and recorded.
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