CN114486183B - Lamp light distribution testing method and lamp light distribution measuring system - Google Patents
Lamp light distribution testing method and lamp light distribution measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486183B CN114486183B CN202111611673.7A CN202111611673A CN114486183B CN 114486183 B CN114486183 B CN 114486183B CN 202111611673 A CN202111611673 A CN 202111611673A CN 114486183 B CN114486183 B CN 114486183B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a lamp light distribution testing method and a corresponding lamp light distribution measuring system, wherein the lamp light distribution testing method comprises a light distribution measuring system which consists of a sample table, an aiming screen with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic and an imaging measuring device with an array detector, and the light distribution measuring system is calibrated by adopting reference light sources with different intensities and color light outputs, and the response values of pixels of the array detector under different intensities are calibrated when the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light sources under each intensity is known; the spatial light distribution parameters of the measured lamp are measured by using the calibrated light distribution measurement system, so that the problems of inaccurate measurement caused by high alignment requirement on a reference light source, large linear error, large spectrum mismatch error and the like in the prior art are effectively solved. The measuring method and the light distribution measuring system thereof can be suitable for light distribution tests of different lamps, ensure consistency and accuracy of measuring results, and are convenient to operate and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical measurement, and particularly relates to a lamp light distribution testing method and a corresponding lamp light distribution measuring system.
Background
The spatial light distribution, i.e. the light distribution performance, of the luminaire is generally well defined depending on its use. For example, as an illumination tool for automobiles, lamps should illuminate the road and obstacles in front of the vehicle to the maximum and illuminate the eyes of the driver of the oncoming vehicle to the minimum, and the quality of the light distribution performance plays an important role in safe driving, and strict requirements are imposed on the spatial light distribution of the lamps in the related standards. The relevant standards at home and abroad also provide corresponding regulations for the light distribution performance measurement method, device and test condition of the lamp.
At present, the method for measuring the light distribution performance of the lamp in the laboratory is mainly realized by a distribution photometer, the lamp to be measured is arranged on the distribution photometer under the condition of a darkroom, the illuminance is measured by a photometer at a long distance, and the light intensity is obtained by the inverse square law of the distance, namelyWherein E and I are illuminance and luminous intensity in the same direction respectively, d is the linear distance between the measuring point and the lamp, and in the distribution photometer, the measured lamp and the photometer probe relatively rotate to change the angle of light received by the photometer probe, so that the space light intensity distribution of the measured lamp is obtained. The measurement accuracy is high, but the disadvantage is that the measurement speed is slow, and the size of the measured lamp is not too large, otherwise the lamp cannot be installed in the instrument.
In order to realize rapid measurement, a full-screen photographing test method is also adopted at present, light emitted by a lamp to be measured is irradiated onto an irradiation screen, an image pickup device with an area array detector is adopted to spatially sample an image irradiated onto the irradiation screen, the adopted image is further digitized through a computer, and each pixel point of the spatial sampling is reversely pushed into illumination of each point according to a data relational database established during measurement. The method has the advantages that the testing speed is increased, but due to the fact that photoelectric response of each photosensitive element of the array detector is uneven and nonlinear, certain distortion and noise problems exist in each link of the camera system, and each point in a testing area needs to be calibrated and calibrated. In order to reduce the measurement errors of the rapid measurement method, the measurement system is usually calibrated using a reference light source having the same or similar light distribution as the lamp to be measured, which reference light source obtains an accurate light intensity distribution value in the distribution photometer method. However, for some measured lamps, such as car lights, in which the light distribution changes particularly strongly, a very sharp cutoff line is formed on the lighting screen, the portion below the cutoff line is particularly bright, and the portion above the cutoff line is required to have sufficiently small illuminance. When the same type of car lamp is used as a reference light source for the calibration-removing rapid measurement system, if the alignment of the reference light source is slightly deviated, the measurement result is greatly affected. Moreover, the linearity of the camera device in the measurement is generally several orders of magnitude worse than that of the photometer probe in the spectrophotometer, so that when the sensitivity contrast of the measured lamp is evaluated to be strong, measurement errors are easily generated, and the measurement errors of a dark area part are at least one order of magnitude higher than the brightness. Furthermore, to achieve accurate photometric measurements, the spectral responsivity of the detector in the camera device should be matched to the human eye luminous efficiency function, however, in reality, this requirement is difficult to achieve and large errors occur when the spectral distribution of the measured light source changes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a lamp light distribution testing method and a corresponding lamp light distribution measuring system, which calibrate the light distribution measuring system by adopting reference light sources with different intensities and color light outputs, and effectively solve the measurement inaccuracy problems caused by high alignment requirements on the reference light sources, large linear error, large spectrum mismatch error and the like in the prior art. The measuring method and the light distribution measuring system thereof can be suitable for light distribution tests of different lamps, ensure consistency and accuracy of measuring results, and are convenient to operate and low in cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a lamp light distribution testing method, which comprises a light distribution measuring system consisting of a sample stage, an aiming screen with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic and an imaging measuring device with an array detector, wherein a light beam of a tested lamp irradiates the aiming screen, and the imaging measuring device aims at the aiming screen and measures spot information on the aiming screen; the light distribution measurement system is calibrated by adopting a reference light source, and the specific process is as follows: the reference light source has two or more light outputs with different intensities, under the light output of various intensities, the light emitted by the reference light source irradiates the standard screen, the imaging measuring device aims at measuring the light spots formed by the reference light source on the standard screen, each point in the light spots of the standard screen corresponds to the pixel of the array detector in the imaging measuring device, the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source under each intensity is known, and then the response value of each pixel of the array detector under different intensities is calibrated; the calibrated light distribution measuring system measures the spatial light distribution parameters of the measured lamp, and the obtained measuring result is accurate. The use of an alight screen with neutral diffuse reflectance properties allows the imaging measurement device to accurately measure the spatial light distribution of the light source without interference from other items. The light distribution measuring system is calibrated by adopting the reference light sources with different intensities, so that the light distribution measuring system can be effectively calibrated, the linear error of the imaging measuring device can be reduced, the standard data of a bright area can be accurately obtained, and the calibration data of a dark area can be obtained. The reference light source can be a standard light source with magnitude, the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source under each intensity can be measured in a distribution photometer system in advance, or the reference light source can be a temperature light source without magnitude, the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source under each intensity can be measured by installing an optical detector on an alighting screen, the light emitted by the reference light source irradiates the alighting screen and the array optical detection is usedThe measuring device measures the illuminance or spectral irradiance of the surface of the collimation screen by the formulaAnd converting to obtain the spatial light intensity distribution under each intensity of the reference light source.
Further, the reference light source also has two or more different colors, and the reference light source is used for calibrating the light distribution measurement system under the light output of each color and intensity. Specifically, the different colors include different color temperatures, such as 3000K, 4000K, 5000K, 6500K, etc., and also include different monochromatic lights, such as red light, blue light, green light, yellow light, etc.; in actual measurement, only the calibration data with the same or similar spectrum distribution as the measured lamp is required to be called in actual measurement, or a spectrum matrix can be established according to actual needs to calibrate. The problem of spectrum mismatch error of the imaging measurement device can be solved through response calibration of the light distribution measurement system under the light output of each color and intensity.
Further, in the above technical solution, according to the spatial light intensity distribution of the known reference light source, the spatial position and the irradiation angle of the center of the light outlet of the reference light source relative to the collimation screen calculate the illuminance distribution E (x, y) generated by the reference light source on the collimation screen, where (x, y) is the position coordinate of each point in the collimation screen plane; the calibration coefficient k (i, j) of each pixel point (i, j) in the imaging measurement device is the response value M (i, j) of the pixel point and the corresponding standard screen plane position point of the pixelThe ratio of illumination, i.e.)>. Conventional imaging measurement devices typically measure brightness. According to the method, the light intensity distribution and the illumination distribution are linked, the illumination is directly calibrated, the conversion of brightness is not needed, the middle process is omitted, and the light distribution measuring system calibrated by the method can be used for directly measuring the spatial light distribution parameters of various lamps.
Further, a bright area light spot formed on the sighting screen by the reference light source covers a pixel measurement area of the imaging measurement device. The bright spot refers to a brighter spot area generated by the irradiation of the light emitted by the reference light source to the collimation screen, the illuminance uniformity in the area is good, and the condition of no illuminance polar region exists. The light spots in the bright area formed on the sighting screen cover the pixel measuring area of the imaging measuring device, so that each pixel on the area array detector can receive more consistent and enough optical stimulus in the area of the field to be measured, and the calibration of each pixel can be accurately obtained. The sufficiently uniform light distribution in the bright spot further ensures a tolerance for the alignment of the reference light source, i.e. even if there is a certain angular deviation of the alignment of the reference light source, the resulting spot on the collimation screen is sufficiently uniform with very little error for the final calibration. In some cases, the light spot formed by the light directly emitted by the reference light source cannot cover the measurement field area of the imaging measurement device at one time, and a scanning and splicing method can be adopted, so that the light spot range of the bright area completely covers the measurement field.
Further, the optical detector is used for measuring the illuminance or the spectral irradiance of two or more positions on the surface of the collimation screen, and the space light intensity distribution of the reference light source is obtained by using the illuminance or the spectral irradiance values measured by the positions, so that the imaging measurement device is calibrated; or the measured value of the imaging measuring device is corrected by using the illuminance or spectral irradiance values measured at the positions, so that the accuracy of the light distribution test result is further ensured.
Furthermore, the reference light source is arranged in the light distribution measuring system, the installation positions of the reference light source and the measured lamp are different, and the light distribution measuring system is calibrated by the reference light source, so that the light distribution test of the lamp can be performed.
The invention also provides a light distribution measuring system of the lamp, which comprises a sample stage, an aiming screen with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic, an imaging measuring device with an array detector and reference light sources with two or more light output intensities, wherein the imaging measuring device is calibrated by the reference light sources with different intensities, so that the linear error of the imaging measuring device can be reduced, and the whole light distribution measuring system is effectively calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent measurement of the lamp. Specifically, a light outlet of a reference light source is aligned to an aiming screen, the light output of the reference light source is regulated, the reference light source emits light with various intensities to the aiming screen, and light spots are formed on the aiming screen; the imaging measuring device is aligned with the light spots formed on the sighting screen, each point in the light spots corresponds to the pixel of the array detector in the imaging measuring device, and the response values of each pixel of the array detector under different intensities can be calibrated by knowing the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source under each intensity, so that the calibration of the light distribution measuring system is completed; and then the measured lamp is arranged on the sample stage, the light beam of the measured lamp irradiates the sighting screen, the imaging measuring device is aligned with and measures the sighting screen, and the spatial light distribution parameter of the measured lamp is measured. The reference light source can be fixedly arranged below the sample table or above the sample table and close to the imaging measuring device. According to the technical scheme, the light intensity distribution and the illumination distribution are linked, the illumination is directly calibrated, the light distribution parameters of various lamps can be directly measured through the calibrated light distribution measuring system, the brightness conversion is not needed, the measuring process is simplified, and the accuracy and the consistency of the measuring result can be ensured.
Further, one or more movable or detachable optical detectors are arranged near the surface of the collimation screen, the light receiving surface of each optical detector is parallel to the collimation screen, the optical detectors can be used for measuring the illuminance or the spectral irradiance of the surface of the collimation screen, the spatial light intensity distribution under each intensity of the reference light source is obtained through formula conversion, and the measured value of the light distribution measuring system can be corrected through the illuminance or the spectral irradiance value measured by the optical detectors, so that the accuracy of the light distribution test result is further ensured.
Furthermore, the optical detector is an illuminance probe or a spectrum irradiance meter with cosine response correction, and calibration data are calculated according to cosine relation, so that accuracy of a light distribution test result is further ensured.
Further, the reference light source is composed of LEDs or OLEDs of two or more colors.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a lamp light distribution testing method and a corresponding light distribution measuring system, which calibrate the light distribution measuring system by adopting reference light sources with different intensities and colors, are further suitable for light distribution testing of different lamps, are convenient to operate and low in cost, and can ensure the consistency and the accuracy of measuring results.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light distribution test method for a lamp according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light distribution measurement system of a lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light distribution measurement system of a lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a sample table, a sighting screen, an imaging measuring device, a reference light source, a measured lamp, an optical detector and an optical detector, wherein the sample table is 2, the sighting screen is 3, the imaging measuring device is 4, the reference light source is 5, and the measured lamp is 6.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, as will be understood by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the following embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
The invention discloses a light distribution testing method of a lamp, which comprises a light distribution measuring system consisting of a sample stage (1), an alight screen (2) with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic and an imaging measuring device (3) with an array detector, as shown in figure 1. The method comprises the steps of preparing a testing environment, sequentially placing a sample table (1), a sighting screen (2), an imaging measuring device (3) and a reference light source (4), firstly calibrating the light distribution measuring system by the aid of the reference light source (4), and then measuring the light distribution of a measured lamp (5) by the aid of the calibrated light distribution measuring system. The specific process is as follows: the reference light source (4) The method comprises the steps that light output with two or more different intensities and colors is achieved, under the light output of various intensities and colors, light emitted by a reference light source (4) irradiates an aiming screen (2), an imaging measurement device (3) aims at measuring light spots formed by the reference light source (4) on the aiming screen (2), each point in the light spots of the aiming screen (2) corresponds to an array detector pixel in the imaging measurement device (3), the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source (4) under each intensity and color is known, and the illumination distribution E (x, y) generated by the reference light source (4) on the aiming screen (2) is calculated according to the spatial position and the irradiation angle of the center of a light outlet of the reference light source (4) relative to the aiming screen (2), wherein (x, y) is the position coordinate of each point in the plane of the aiming screen (2); the calibration coefficient k (i, j) of each pixel point (i, j) in the imaging measurement device (3) is the response value M (i, j) of the pixel point and the plane position point of the collimation screen (2) corresponding to the pixelThe ratio of illumination, i.e.)>The response values of the individual pixels of the array detector at different intensities and colors are calibrated. And then the calibrated light distribution measuring system is used for measuring and obtaining the space light distribution parameter of the measured lamp (5), the light beam of the measured lamp (5) irradiates onto the sighting screen (2), and the imaging measuring device (3) is aligned with the sighting screen (2) and measures the light spot information on the sighting screen (2).
Preferably, the light spot area formed by the reference light source (4) on the sighting screen (2) covers the pixel measuring area of the imaging measuring device (3).
Preferably, the optical detector (6) is used for measuring the illuminance or the spectral irradiance at two or more positions on the surface of the collimation screen (2), and the measured value of the imaging measuring device (3) is corrected by using the illuminance or the spectral irradiance measured at the positions, so that the accuracy of the light distribution test result is further ensured.
Preferably, the reference light source (4) is arranged in the light distribution measuring system, the installation positions of the reference light source (4) and the measured lamp (5) are different, and the light distribution measuring system is calibrated by the reference light source (4), so that the light distribution test of the lamp can be performed.
The invention discloses a light distribution measuring system of a lamp, which is shown in figure 2, and comprises a sample stage (1), an alighting screen (2) with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic, an imaging measuring device (3) with an array detector and a reference light source (4) with two or more light output intensities; the light outlet of the reference light source (4) is aligned with the sighting screen (2), the measured lamp (5) is arranged on the sample table (1), the light beam of the measured lamp (5) irradiates the sighting screen (2), and the imaging measuring device (3) is aligned with and measures the sighting screen (2); the reference light source (4) is fixedly arranged above the sample table (1). 4 detachable optical detectors (6) are arranged near the surface of the collimation screen (2), the light receiving surface of each optical detector (6) is parallel to the collimation screen (2), and the measured value of the light distribution measuring system is corrected through the illuminance or spectral irradiance value measured by each optical detector (6).
Preferably, the optical detector (6) is an illuminance probe or a spectrum irradiance meter with cosine response correction, and the calibration data is calculated according to the cosine relation, so that the accuracy of the light distribution test result is further ensured.
Preferably, the reference light source (4) consists of LEDs or OLEDs of two or more colors.
The invention also discloses another lamp light distribution measuring system, by the lamp light distribution testing method in the technical scheme, the testing environment is a darkroom, and the light distribution measuring of the vehicle lamp of the whole vehicle is carried out after the light distribution measuring system is calibrated by using the reference light source. As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle is parked on the sample stage (1), the tested lamp (5) of the vehicle is aligned with the sighting screen (2), and the light beam of the tested lamp (5) irradiates on the sighting screen (2); an imaging measurement device (3) with an array detector is arranged on the roof and is aligned with and measures the collimation screen (2); 4 detachable optical detectors (6) are arranged near the surface of the collimation screen (2), the light receiving surface of each optical detector (6) is parallel to the collimation screen (2), and the measured value of the light distribution measuring system is corrected through the illuminance or spectral irradiance value measured by each optical detector (6).
Claims (9)
1. The light distribution testing method for the lamp is characterized by comprising a light distribution measuring system which is composed of a sample table, an aiming screen with neutral diffuse reflection characteristic and an imaging measuring device with an array detector, wherein a light beam of a tested lamp irradiates the aiming screen, and the imaging measuring device aims at the aiming screen and measures spot information on the aiming screen; the light distribution measurement system is calibrated by adopting a reference light source, and the specific process is as follows: the reference light source has two or more light outputs of different intensities and has two or more different colors; under the light output of various intensities and colors, the light emitted by the reference light source irradiates the sighting screen, the imaging measuring device aims at measuring light spots formed by the reference light source on the sighting screen, each point in the light spots of the sighting screen corresponds to a pixel of the array detector in the imaging measuring device, the spatial light intensity distribution of the reference light source under each intensity and color is known, and then the response value of each pixel of the array detector under different intensities and colors is calibrated; and the calibrated light distribution measurement system is used for measuring and obtaining the spatial light distribution parameters of the measured lamp.
2. The method for testing the light distribution of the lamp according to claim 1, wherein the illuminance distribution E (x, y) generated by the reference light source on the sighting screen is calculated according to the space light intensity distribution of the reference light source, the space position of the center of the light outlet of the reference light source relative to the sighting screen and the irradiation angle, wherein (x, y) is the position coordinates of each point in the sighting screen plane; the calibration coefficient k (i, j) of each pixel point (i, j) in the imaging measurement device is the response value M (i, j) of the pixel point and the corresponding standard screen plane position point (x i ,y j ) The ratio of the illumination, i.e. k (i, j) =m (i, j)/E (x) i ,y j )。
3. The luminaire light distribution test method of claim 1, wherein the illuminance or spectral irradiance at two or more locations on the surface of the collimation screen is measured using an optical detector; obtaining the space light intensity distribution of the reference light source by using the illuminance or spectral irradiance values measured at the positions, thereby calibrating the imaging measurement device; or to correct the measurement of the imaging measurement device using the measured illuminance or spectral irradiance values at these locations.
4. The light distribution testing method of a lamp according to claim 1, wherein a bright spot formed on the sighting screen by the reference light source covers a pixel measuring area of the imaging measuring device.
5. The method for testing the light distribution of the lamp according to claim 1, wherein the reference light source is arranged in the light distribution measuring system, and the installation positions of the reference light source and the tested lamp are different.
6. A lamp light distribution measurement system based on the lamp light distribution test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising a sample stage, an alight screen with neutral diffuse reflection characteristics, an imaging measurement device with an array detector and a reference light source with two or more light output intensities; the light outlet of the reference light source is aligned with the sighting screen, the measured lamp is arranged on the sample table, the light beam of the measured lamp irradiates the sighting screen, and the imaging measuring device is aligned with and measures the sighting screen; the reference light source is fixedly arranged below the sample table or above the sample table and close to the imaging measuring device.
7. A light fitting light distribution measurement system according to claim 6, wherein one or more removable or detachable optical detectors are mounted near the surface of the collimation screen, the light receiving surface of the optical detector being parallel to the collimation screen.
8. A light fitting light distribution measurement system according to claim 7, wherein the optical detector is an illuminance probe or a spectral irradiance meter with cosine response correction.
9. The luminaire light distribution test system of claim 6, wherein said reference light source is comprised of two or more colors of LEDs or OLEDs.
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