CN114485302B - Loose blasting mining method for tunnel excavation face - Google Patents
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- CN114485302B CN114485302B CN202210156314.5A CN202210156314A CN114485302B CN 114485302 B CN114485302 B CN 114485302B CN 202210156314 A CN202210156314 A CN 202210156314A CN 114485302 B CN114485302 B CN 114485302B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a loose blasting mining method of a tunnel tunneling face, which relates to the technical field of mining, and comprises the following steps: calculating the radius R of a rock damage fracture zone according to the blasting damage effect; calculating the hole spacing d of the charging holes according to the radius R of the rock fracture zone; drilling a plurality of charging holes and a plurality of empty holes on the face, wherein each charging hole is arranged at intervals with each empty hole, and the hole depth L1 of each charging hole is smaller than the hole depth L2 of each empty hole; charging the bottom of each charging hole, plugging the holes, and then detonating; the blasted loose rock mass is cut and stripped by a heading machine. The loose blasting mining method solves the problems of low cutting and breaking efficiency and high cost of local hard rock in the weak broken rock, and can ensure that the cantilever type heading machine achieves ideal tunneling efficiency with lower pick consumption in the tunneling of the well engineering of the weak or broken rock after implementation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a loose blasting mining method for a tunnel tunneling face.
Background
The cantilever type heading machine is non-explosive mechanical rock breaking heading equipment, and has increasingly wide application in tunnel engineering and mine roadway engineering.
Currently, cantilever heading machines are suitable for the excavation of weak or broken rock masses, and when applied to hard rock masses with high rock strength and good rock mass integrity, the problems of large pick consumption and low heading efficiency exist. Due to the heterogeneity of the rock mass and the complexity of engineering geological conditions, although the overall lithology is suitable for boom heading machine operations, irregular hard rock masses, which are in the form of strips or lenses, are locally common. If the ore body of a certain metal mine crushing belt is suitable for mechanical rock breaking of a heading machine, lenticular hard gold-bearing pyrite with the thickness of 1-2 m appears in part of the crushing belt occasionally. When the tunnel face of the well and roadway engineering locally encounters hard rock mass, the problems of greatly reduced engineering excavation efficiency and increased excavation cost exist.
Therefore, how to provide a loose blasting mining method for a tunnel excavation face, which loosens a local hard rock body of the face, is one of technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a loose blasting mining method for a tunnel tunneling face, which solves the problems of low efficiency and high cost of cutting and breaking local hard rock mechanically in a weak broken rock body, and can ensure that a cantilever tunneling machine achieves ideal tunneling efficiency with lower pick consumption in tunnel engineering tunneling of the weak or broken rock body after implementation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a loose blasting mining method of a tunnel tunneling face, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the radius R of a rock damage fracture zone according to the blasting damage effect;
calculating the hole spacing d of the charging holes according to the radius R of the rock fracture zone;
drilling a plurality of charging holes and a plurality of empty holes on a face, wherein the charging holes and the empty holes are arranged at intervals, and the hole depth L1 of each charging hole is smaller than the hole depth L2 of each empty hole;
charging the bottom of each charging hole, plugging the holes, and then detonating;
the blasted loose rock mass is cut and stripped by a heading machine.
Further, the rock damage fracture zone radius R is calculated by:
wherein:
and p is c ＝ρ 0 D 1 2 /4；
p＝γh；
Wherein:
alpha is the stress wave attenuation index; μ is the poisson's ratio of the rock being blasted; lambda is the side pressure coefficient; p is p c Is the pressure of the detonation wave front; p is p max Is the initial incident pressure on the rock interface; cp is the wave velocity of the rock mass longitudinal wave; d1 is the detonation velocity of the explosive; ρ 0 Is the density of the explosive; ρ r0 Is the density of the rock mass; d0 is the initial damage coefficient of the rock mass; sigma (sigma) t Is the tensile strength of the rock mass; r is (r) b Is an explosiveA roll radius; p is the stress of the original rock; gamma is the rock weight and h is the overburden thickness.
Further, the hole spacing d= (3.5-4.5) R of the charge holes.
Further, the charging density of each charging hole is 0.21-0.38kg/m, and each charging hole is filled with 1 or more cartridges.
Further, the plurality of charge holes and the plurality of empty holes are uniformly arranged in the height and width directions of the face.
Further, the plurality of charging holes are arranged in a plurality of rows, the plurality of empty holes are arranged in a plurality of rows, and the plurality of rows of charging holes and the plurality of rows of empty holes are alternately distributed along the height direction of the face.
Further, along the height direction of the face, two adjacent rows of the charging holes and two adjacent charging holes and empty holes in the empty holes are distributed in a staggered mode.
Further, each charging hole and each empty hole are shallow holes or medium-deep holes.
Further, the hole depth L2 of each empty hole is 1.5m-5m, and the hole depth L1 of each charging hole is 0.3-0.7m shorter than that of the empty hole.
Further, the charging holes are detonated in sequence from the charging hole in the center to the charging holes around.
The loose blasting mining method for the tunnel excavation face provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the loose blasting mining method for the tunnel tunneling face provided by the invention has the advantages that the hard rock body of the face is loosened by blasting, so that the hard rock body is only loosened and not broken down under the condition of damage, and becomes a broken rock body with joint crack development, so that the rock body condition of the face meets the requirement of a cantilever tunneling machine for cutting broken rock. The method solves the problems of low cutting and breaking efficiency and high cost of local hard rock in the weak broken rock, and can ensure that the cantilever type heading machine achieves ideal tunneling efficiency with lower pick consumption in the tunneling of the well and roadway engineering of the weak or broken rock after implementation. The loose blasting mining method can also be applied to unloading treatment of tunneling engineering under high-ground-stress rock mass environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a loose blasting mining method for a tunnel face, which is provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a method for loosening pretreatment of hard rock of a mechanical tunneling face according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a method for loosening pretreatment of hard rock of a mechanical tunneling face according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a charging hole; 2-holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment aims to provide a loose blasting mining method of a tunnel tunneling face, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including:
step S101: calculating the radius R of a rock damage fracture zone according to the blasting damage effect;
step S102: calculating the hole spacing d of the charging holes 1 according to the radius R of the rock fracture zone;
step S103: drilling a plurality of charging holes 1 and a plurality of empty holes 2 on the face, wherein each charging hole 1 and each empty hole 2 are arranged at intervals, and the hole depth L1 of each charging hole 1 is smaller than the hole depth L2 of each empty hole 2;
step S104: charging the bottom of each charging hole 1, plugging the holes, and then detonating;
step S105: the blasted loose rock mass is cut and stripped by a heading machine.
In the step S101, the purpose of calculating the radius R of the rock damage fracture zone is to prepare for the hole spacing D of the later designed charging holes 1, so that the local hard rock mass of the face is loosened into a weak broken rock mass suitable for mechanical rock breaking under the blasting action; after the layout design of the charging holes 1 is finished, drilling each charging hole 1 and each hollow hole 2 on the face, wherein the hole depth L1 of the charging hole 1 is required to be smaller than the hole depth L2 of each hollow hole 2 due to the damage effect of the explosive on the rock mass; then carrying out charge plugging operation and detonating; finally, the loose rock mass is cut and peeled off by a heading machine.
The loose blasting mining method for the tunnel tunneling face provided by the embodiment is mainly characterized in that the partial hard rock mass of the face is loosened into a weak broken rock mass suitable for mechanical rock breaking under the blasting effect. The effects of reducing the damage of blasting effect to the peripheral weak broken rock mass are achieved by controlling and reducing the explosive loading quantity, the number of explosive loading blast holes and the drilling length.
In step S101, the rock damage burst zone radius R may be calculated by:
wherein:
and p is c ＝ρ 0 D 1 2 /4；
p＝γh；
Wherein:
alpha is the stress wave attenuation index; μ is the poisson's ratio of the rock being blasted; lambda is the side pressure coefficient; p is p c Is the pressure of detonation wave front, unit MPa; p is p max Initial incident pressure on the rock interface in MPa; cp is the wave velocity of the rock mass longitudinal wave, and the unit is m/s; d1 is the detonation velocity of the explosive, the unit is m/s; ρ 0 Is the density of the explosive, the unit kg/m 3 ；ρ r0 Is the density of rock mass, unit kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D0 is the initial damage coefficient of the rock mass; sigma (sigma) t The tensile strength of the rock mass is in MPa; r is (r) b The radius of the explosive cartridge is in mm; p is the stress of the original rock and the unit is MPa; gamma is rock weight, unit N/m 3 H is the thickness of the overlying strata, and the unit is m.
It should be noted that, the above data may be obtained by means of data review, calculation, test and the like, that is, the data may be obtained by a person skilled in the art through existing means, so the calculation mode of obtaining each data is not specifically described.
On the basis of the embodiment, the existence of the joint cracks of the original rock is comprehensively considered, and in order to cause the rock mass to be damaged and broken but not broken, under the condition that loose blasting generates a cutting free surface, the rock mass between the two charging holes 1 can be cut and peeled off by a cantilever heading machine. The hole spacing d of the charging holes 1 is calculated according to the radius R of the rock breaking area, and the hole spacing d= (3.5-4.5) R of the charging holes 1 can be 3.5R, 4.0R or 4.5R.
According to the method, the distance d between the charging holes is determined through the radius R of the rock damage breaking area, special blasting loosening schemes and parameters of the charging holes and the empty holes are formulated, the charging amount is small, and the damage to the surrounding weak broken rock mass is small.
In some embodiments, to achieve the effect of reducing damage to the surrounding weak fractured rock mass by blasting, each charge aperture 1 may have a charge density of 0.21-0.38kg/m, in particular 0.21kg/m, 0.25kg/m, 0.30kg/m or 0.38kg/m, each charge aperture 1 being filled with one or more cartridges.
In addition, the length of one drift of the gun head of the cantilever type heading machine is about 0.5m, the range of the blasted loose rock mass is matched with the drift and the process of the heading machine, and the hole depth L2 of the hole 2 is the same as the blasted loose depth of the face.
In some embodiments, to ensure uniform loosening of the rock mass, the plurality of charge holes 1 and the plurality of voids 2 are uniformly arranged in the height and width directions of the face, and the blasting action is guided to spread to each void 2 by the free surface formed by the voids 2. Of course, the plurality of charging holes 1 and the plurality of empty holes 2 may be unevenly distributed in the height and width directions of the face, and the distribution condition thereof may be adjusted according to actual needs.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, when the plurality of charging holes 1 and the plurality of voids 2 are uniformly arranged in the height and width directions of the face, the plurality of charging holes 1 may be arranged in a plurality of rows, and the plurality of voids 2 may also be arranged in a plurality of rows, and the plurality of rows of charging holes 1 and the plurality of rows of voids 2 are alternately distributed along the height direction of the face so that after the charging holes 1 are detonated, the detonation energy is guided to spread to the voids 2 around the periphery thereof. Of course, the plurality of rows of the charging holes 1 and the plurality of rows of the hollow holes 2 may not be arranged in a plurality of rows in the height direction of the face.
The plurality of charging holes 1 can be arranged in two rows, three rows, four rows, five rows and the like according to the size of the mining face, and the hollow holes 2 can be arranged in two rows, three rows, four rows, five rows and the like according to the size of the mining face.
In the specific illustration of fig. 1, the plurality of charging holes 1 are arranged in three rows, the empty holes 2 are arranged in four rows, and a row of charging holes 1 is arranged between every two empty holes 2.
Specifically, facing the direction of fig. 1, the distance between two adjacent charging holes 1 from left to right is equal to the distance between two charging holes 1 from top to bottom, and the distance is the hole spacing d.
In at least one embodiment, facing the direction of fig. 1, the distance between two adjacent holes 2 is equal to the distance between two adjacent holes 2, and the distance may be the same as the hole pitch d.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, optionally, two adjacent charge holes 1 and empty holes 2 in two adjacent rows of charge holes 1 and empty holes 2 are staggered along the height direction of the face.
The staggered distribution refers to that in two adjacent rows of the charging holes 1 and the empty holes 2 along the height direction of the face, the empty holes 2 are positioned above or below the adjacent charging holes 1, four empty holes 2 are distributed around at least part of the charging holes 1 in the arrangement mode, and the charging holes 1 are positioned at the center of a rectangular structure surrounded by connecting the four empty holes 2 in sequence.
In at least one embodiment, four voids 2 are sequentially wired to form a square structure.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the axis of each charge hole 1 and each void 2 is parallel to the direction of tunnelling to form a uniformly dispersed broken rock mass within the blast space.
Each charge hole 1 and each hollow hole 2 can be shallow holes or medium-deep holes.
The shallow holes and the medium-deep holes are the technical terms in blasting technology, and the depth ranges of the shallow holes and the medium-deep holes can be known to the person skilled in the art.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the hole depth L2 of each cavity 2 is 1.5m-5m in length, and the hole depth L1 of each charge hole 1 is 0.3-0.7m shorter than the cavity 2.
Specifically, the hole depth L2 of each void 2 may be 1.5m, 2.0m, 1.5m, 3.0m, 4.0m, 5.0m, etc. in length; the hole depth L1 of each charge hole 1 may be 0.3m, 0.4m, 0.5m, 0.6m, 0.7m, etc. shorter than the empty hole 2.
In step S104, the charging holes 1 are detonated according to the sequence from the central charging hole 1 to the charging holes 1 around, so that the cracks of the rock mass are gradually expanded from inside to outside, and the broken rock mass with the joint cracks developing is formed.
The following describes the loose blasting mining method of the tunnel face in detail by using a specific embodiment:
and (3) tunneling operation is carried out on a certain rock gold mine in the broken rock by using a cantilever tunneling machine, the section of a tunnel is 3.5m multiplied by 3m, and blasting loosening is carried out on the hard rock locally encountered by the tunnel face in the tunneling process. The diameter of the charge blast hole is 40mm, and the diameter of the cartridge is 32mm; the tensile strength of the rock mass is 10MPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.25; small explosive rolls with the length of 200mm are selected for blasting, and the density rho of the used emulsion explosive is 1150kg/m 3 The detonation velocity v is 3500m/s; the rock weight is 2.79kg/m3, the rock mass longitudinal wave velocity is 1500m/s, and the depth of the tunnel face from the ground surface is 510m. The radius R of the rock damage fracture zone was calculated to be 0.17m.
2) The hole spacing d of the charging holes is 3.5-4.5 times of the radius R of the rock damage fracture zone, and the charging hole spacing d is 0.6-0.75 m.
3) The length of one footage of the gun head of the cantilever type heading machine is about 0.5m, the range of blasting loose rock mass is matched with the footage and the process of the heading machine, and the blasting loose depth of each tunnel face is designed to be 2m; the hole depth L2 of the hollow hole is the same as the loosening depth of the blasting of the face;
4) The method comprises the steps of arranging charge blastholes according to a square, arranging the charge blastholes on four corners of the square, arranging the empty holes in the center of the square, and guiding blasting action to spread to the empty holes through free surfaces formed by the empty holes;
5) The bottom of the charging hole is charged, the hole depth L1 of the charging hole is 0.4 m-0.6 m shorter than the hole depth of the empty hole, and the hole depth L1 of the charging hole is 1.4 m-1.6 m;
6) Filling 1-2 explosive rolls with the length of 200mm in each charging hole, plugging the holes, and detonating a detonating tube detonator; and detonating according to the sequence from the central charge blast hole to the peripheral charge blast hole.
The method can meet the requirement of mechanically cutting and breaking the rock after blasting loosening of the hard rock mass of the tunnel face, and the hard rock mass of the tunnel face is suitable for mechanical breaking of the cantilever type heading machine after blasting loosening.
The loose blasting mining method for the tunnel excavation face provided by the embodiment is used for blasting and loosening hard rock mass of the face and has the following advantages:
1) The distance d between the charging holes is determined by the radius R of the rock damage breaking area, special blasting loosening schemes and parameters of the charging holes 1 and the hollow holes 2 are formulated, the charging amount is small, and the damage to the peripheral weak broken rock mass is small.
2) The problems of low efficiency and high cost of the mechanical ore falling when encountering local hard rock are solved, and the hard rock mass of the face is rapidly blasted and loosened.
3) The loose blasting mining method can also be applied to unloading treatment of tunneling engineering under high-ground-stress rock mass environment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The loose blasting mining method for the tunnel excavation face is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calculating the radius R of a rock damage fracture zone according to the blasting damage effect;
calculating the hole spacing d of the charging holes (1) according to the radius R of the rock fracture zone, wherein the hole spacing d= (4.0-4.5) R of the charging holes (1);
drilling a plurality of charging holes (1) and a plurality of empty holes (2) on a face, wherein each charging hole (1) and each empty hole (2) are arranged at intervals, and the hole depth L1 of each charging hole (1) is smaller than the hole depth L2 of each empty hole (2);
the charging holes (1) and the empty holes (2) are uniformly distributed in the height and width directions of the face; the plurality of charging holes (1) are arranged in a plurality of rows, the plurality of empty holes (2) are arranged in a plurality of rows, and the plurality of rows of charging holes (1) and the plurality of rows of empty holes (2) are alternately distributed along the height direction of the face;
along the height direction of the face, two adjacent rows of the charging holes (1) and two adjacent charging holes (1) in the empty holes (2) are distributed in a staggered manner;
in the height direction of the face, two adjacent rows of charging holes (1) and empty holes (2), wherein the empty holes (2) are positioned obliquely above or obliquely below the adjacent charging holes (1), four empty holes (2) are distributed on the periphery of at least part of the charging holes (1), and the charging holes (1) are positioned at the center of a rectangular structure formed by sequentially connecting the four empty holes (2);
charging the bottom of each charging hole (1), plugging the holes, and then detonating;
the charging holes (1) are detonated in sequence from the charging hole (1) in the center to the charging holes (1) around;
the blasted loose rock mass is cut and stripped by a heading machine.
2. The loose blasting mining method of a tunnel boring face of claim 1, wherein the rock damage fracture zone radius R is calculated by:
；
wherein:
and->；
；
；
；
Wherein:
is the stress wave attenuation index; />Poisson's ratio for the rock being blasted; />Is the side pressure coefficient; />Is the pressure of the detonation wave front; />Is the initial incident pressure on the rock interface; c (C) p Is the wave velocity of the rock mass longitudinal wave; d (D) 1 Is the detonation velocity of the explosive; />Is the density of the explosive; />Is the density of the rock mass; d (D) 0 The initial damage coefficient of the rock mass; />Is the tensile strength of the rock mass; />The radius of the explosive cartridge is;is the stress of the original rock; />The weight of the rock is given, and h is the thickness of the overlying strata.
3. A loose blasting mining method of a tunnel boring face according to claim 1, wherein the charge density of each charge hole (1) is 0.21-0.38kg/m, and each charge hole (1) is filled with one or more cartridges.
4. The loose blasting mining method of a tunnel boring face according to claim 1, wherein each of the charge holes (1) and each of the void holes (2) are shallow holes or medium-deep holes.
5. The loose blasting mining method of a tunnel boring face according to claim 4, wherein the hole depth L2 of each of the voids (2) is 1.5m to 5m in length, and the hole depth L1 of each of the charge holes (1) is 0.3 to 0.7m shorter than the void (2).
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| CN107269284A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-10-20 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel excavation construction method |
| CN107764144A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 北京住总集团有限责任公司 | A kind of tunnel Millisecond Controlled Blasting method |
| CN110879026A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-13 | 四川大学 | Excavation and cut blasting method suitable for high-plasticity low-strength rock tunnel |
| CN111256549A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock drift deep hole multiple wedge straight hole internal segmentation differential cut blasting method |
| CN111664761A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-09-15 | 安徽理工大学 | Cut blasting method based on pre-blasting |
| CN111964545A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Rock roadway deep hole loosening blasting method based on axial multipoint simultaneous detonation |
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