CN114484859B - Metallurgical gas electric heating device and heating system - Google Patents

Metallurgical gas electric heating device and heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114484859B
CN114484859B CN202210108755.8A CN202210108755A CN114484859B CN 114484859 B CN114484859 B CN 114484859B CN 202210108755 A CN202210108755 A CN 202210108755A CN 114484859 B CN114484859 B CN 114484859B
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gas
temperature
electric heating
nitrogen
electric heater
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CN114484859A (en
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田宝山
刘永想
张文庆
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Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/002Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/20Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/02Resistances

Abstract

The invention discloses a metallurgical gas electric heating device and a heating system, wherein decarburization gas and coke oven gas are mixed according to a set proportion and then enter the electric heating device, and the heated high-temperature gas enters a blast furnace to participate in reduction reaction in the furnace to replace ore in the traditional carbon reduction furnace, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing carbon consumption in an ironmaking process; the gas is heated by the two-stage electric heater, after entering the first-stage electric heater, the gas is heated to a high temperature range above 800 ℃ by controlling a heating temperature range, then enters the second-stage electric heater, the gas is heated to a temperature above 1000 ℃, the electric heater adopts a resistance tube heating mode, the tube diameter of a heating tube and the flow rate of the heated gas are controlled, carbon precipitated in the tube cannot be accumulated or adhered on the tube wall, thermocouples and pressure monitoring points are distributed in the electric heater, the temperature and pressure gradient change in the heater is continuously monitored, and the electric heater can safely and stably operate under the fault condition by adopting a rapid nitrogen switching measure.

Description

Metallurgical gas electric heating device and heating system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly relates to a metallurgical gas electric heating device and a heating system.
Background
The traditional blast furnace blast heating adopts a hot blast furnace heating process technology, namely, the combustion furnace gas and the combustion air are combusted in a combustion chamber of the hot blast furnace to heat checker bricks in the hot blast furnace, when the temperature of the checker bricks is raised to 1300-1400 ℃, the transportation of the combustion furnace gas and the combustion air to the hot blast furnace is stopped, a flue valve is closed, cold air is blown in from an inlet of the hot blast furnace, the blown cold air is subjected to heat transfer with the heated checker bricks in the hot blast furnace to become hot air, the hot air is sent out from an outlet of the hot blast furnace, then the hot air is mixed with the cold air at a mixing valve according to a certain proportion, the mixed air reaches the temperature required by a user, and finally the mixed air is sent into the blast furnace; when the temperature of the mixed air does not meet the requirements of users, the hot air is replaced by other hot air furnaces after the burning, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the hot air furnace after the air supply are closed, the flue valve is opened, waste gas is purged into the flue, and the hot air furnace carries out the next round of burning flow and circulates in sequence.
The traditional hot blast stove heats blast furnace blast (containing 21-28% of oxygen) into hot air, then the hot air is fed into the blast furnace, on one hand, the hot air provides heat for raw fuel in the blast furnace, on the other hand, oxygen in the hot air participates in oxidation-reduction reaction in the blast furnace, and the traditional hot blast stove only heats the blast furnace blast.
The method is characterized in that the method surrounds a blast furnace to reduce carbon consumption, the blast furnace is used for blowing decarburized gas and coke oven gas, the decarburized gas and the coke oven gas are effective technical means at the present stage, the effect and the capability of reducing the carbon consumption of the blast furnace are more obvious only when the decarburized gas and the coke oven gas are heated to more than 1000 ℃, and a series of technical problems such as safety, control and stable operation in the heating process of the metallurgical gas must be overcome when the metallurgical gas is heated to more than 1000 ℃ by considering the inflammability, the explosiveness and the toxicity of the metallurgical gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metallurgical gas electric heating device and a heating system, which are used for solving the safety problem in the metallurgical gas heating process in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the metallurgical gas electric heating device comprises a vertical tank body, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the tank body are elliptical end sockets, the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the tank body are provided with baffle plates, a plurality of resistor tubes are arranged between the baffle plates, the two ends of each resistor tube respectively penetrate through the baffle plates at the upper end and the lower end, the upper end of the side surface of the tank body is provided with a gas inlet tube, the lower end of the side surface of the tank body is provided with a gas outlet tube, and a nitrogen inlet tube is arranged between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate at the side surface of the tank body 1.
Further, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the gas inlet pipe and used for regulating the gas quantity entering the heater.
Further, the baffle is provided with an electrode and a resistor tube, and the electrode is used for electrifying the resistor tube and heating the gas.
Further, the tank body is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples and a plurality of pressure monitoring points at different heights along the wall surface, and the change of the temperature gradient in the heater is continuously monitored.
Coal using said deviceThe gas-electric heating system adopts two-stage heating, and is used for removing CO 2 The blast furnace gas and the coke oven gas are mixed and then enter a first-stage electric heating device to lead the temperature of the gas to reach more than 800 ℃, then enter a second-stage electric heating device to lead the temperature of the gas to be heated to more than 1200 ℃, and the lower sides of baffles on the two-stage heating device are respectively introduced with 100-300m 3 And/h nitrogen, preventing coal gas from entering between two baffles, and forming a nitrogen inerting area in the area, wherein the process is as follows:
s1, decarburized gas and coke oven gas enter a gas mixing valve table after passing through a pressure regulating system, a rapid cut-off valve in front of an electric heating system is opened, and the gas mixed according to a set proportion enters the electric heating system, so that the rapid cut-off valve can rapidly cut off the gas under the conditions of blast furnace abnormality and emergency.
S2, after the gas enters a primary electric heater, the temperature is raised to be more than 800 ℃, and 100-300m of gas is introduced into the lower side of a baffle plate on a two-stage heating device in the heating process 3 And/h, nitrogen gas is prevented from entering between the two baffles.
S3, feeding the gas from the primary electric heater, then feeding the gas into the secondary electric heater, raising the temperature to above 1000 ℃, and then spraying the metallurgical gas after raising the temperature into the blast furnace.
Further, after the gas is electrically heated to a set temperature, the self-heating gas pipeline enters a blast furnace. The temperature of the outputted high-temperature gas is regulated by regulating the electric power outputted by the resistor tube. The thermocouple is additionally arranged on the hot gas pipeline of the electric heater, and the output power of the resistor pipe is interlocked with the thermocouple temperature measurement of the hot gas pipeline, so that the automatic control of the output gas temperature is realized.
Further, a bypass pipeline for stabilizing the temperature of the output gas is further arranged before the gas enters the electric heating device, one path of gas is independently led to be in butt joint with the hot gas pipeline output by the electric heater before the gas enters the heater, a flow regulating valve is arranged, if the temperature of the output gas is higher than a set value in the operation period, the opening degree of the cold gas regulating valve is increased, so that the temperature of the hot gas finally entering the blast furnace is reduced to a set target temperature, and if the temperature of the output gas is lower than the set value in the operation period, the opening degree of the cold gas regulating valve is reduced, so that the temperature of the hot gas finally entering the blast furnace is increased to the set target temperature.
Furthermore, a nitrogen emergency cut-in interface is further arranged before the gas enters the electric heater, when gas failure and gas stoppage occur during the period or the pressure of the gas is insufficient due to other reasons, the gas cut-off valve of the gas entering the electric heater is automatically closed, nitrogen can be automatically opened and enter the electric heater, the electric heater can be protected, the electric heater is prevented from being burnt out due to overheating, and meanwhile, the gas in the electric heater is purged, so that the phenomenon that the slag iron materials in the furnace cannot flow backwards is avoided.
Further, when gas failure and gas interruption occur or other reasons cause insufficient gas pressure, the gas cut-off valve of the heater is automatically closed, the gas pipe network sent from the gas mixing valve table is suddenly boosted to cause a compressor tripping accident, an emergency release loop is arranged before the gas cut-off valve of the heater to prevent the occurrence of the accident, and when the gas cut-off valve of the heater is closed, the release valve on the emergency release loop is opened, and the system enters the emergency release system.
Further, the emergency release loop is directly in butt joint with the low-pressure gas pipe network, and in an emergency, a release valve on the emergency release loop is opened. The high-pressure gas enters a low-pressure pipe network. After the system is stopped, the high-pressure gas in the pipe network is continuously decompressed to the low-pressure gas pipe network through the emergency diffusing loop.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention overcomes the inflammable and explosive characteristics of metallurgical gas, and after decarburized gas and coke oven gas are mixed according to a set proportion, the mixture enters an electric heating device, and heated high-temperature gas enters a blast furnace to be subjected to reduction reaction in the furnace to replace ore in a traditional carbon reduction furnace, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing carbon consumption in an ironmaking process. The invention aims at the high-pressure gas in the system after shutdown to design the recovery device, discharges the high-pressure gas in the system to the low-pressure gas pipe network for recovery and utilization, can achieve the aim of regulating and controlling the temperature of the output gas through regulating and controlling the output power of the resistor pipe, and adopts a cold gas back-matching technology to stabilize the temperature of the output gas. The invention adopts a local nitrogen sealing technology aiming at the problem of preventing carbon precipitation short circuit in the electric heating pipe. Ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electric heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a spot heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic of the heating system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a tank body; 2. a baffle; 3. a resistor tube; 4. a gas inlet pipe; 5. a nitrogen inlet pipe; 6. a gas outlet pipe; 7. a flow regulating valve; 8. a temperature measuring couple.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the following technical embodiments:
referring to fig. 1-2, an electric heating device for metallurgical gas comprises a vertical tank body 1, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the tank body 1 are elliptical sealing heads, baffle plates 2 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the tank body 1, a plurality of resistor tubes 3 are arranged between the baffle plates 2, two ends of each resistor tube 3 respectively penetrate through the baffle plates 2 at the upper end and the lower end, a gas inlet tube 4 is arranged at the upper end of the side surface of the tank body 1, a gas outlet tube 6 is arranged at the lower end of the side surface of the tank body 1, and a nitrogen inlet tube 5 is arranged between the upper baffle plate 2 and the lower baffle plate 2.
Further, a flow regulating valve 7 is arranged on the gas inlet pipe 4 and is used for regulating the gas amount entering the heater.
Further, the baffle plate 2 is provided with an electrode and a resistor tube 3, and the electrode is used for electrifying the resistor tube and heating the gas.
Further, the tank body 1 is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples 8 and a plurality of pressure monitoring points at different heights along the wall surface, and the change of the temperature gradient in the heater is continuously monitored.
Referring to FIG. 3, an electric heating system for gas using the above device uses two-stage heating to remove CO 2 After being mixed with coke oven gas, the blast furnace gas enters a primary electric heating device to enable the temperature of the gas to reach more than 800 ℃, then enters a secondary electric heating device to enable the temperature of the gas to be heated to more than 1000 ℃, and in the heating process, nitrogen and steam are introduced into the heating device to inhibit carbon precipitation reaction in the heating process of the gas, and the process is as follows:
s1, decarburized gas and coke oven gas enter a gas mixing valve table after passing through a pressure regulating system, a rapid cut-off valve in front of an electric heating system is opened, and the gas mixed according to a set proportion enters the electric heating system, so that the rapid cut-off valve can rapidly cut off the gas under the conditions of blast furnace abnormality and contention.
S2, after the gas enters a primary electric heater, the temperature is raised to be more than 800 ℃, and 150m of gas is filled into the tank body 1 through the nitrogen inlet pipe 5 in the heating process 3 And/h nitrogen.
S3, feeding the gas from the primary electric heater, then feeding the gas into the secondary electric heater, raising the temperature to above 1000 ℃, and filling 150m into the tank body 1 through the nitrogen inlet pipe 5 in the heating process 3 And/h nitrogen.
Further, after the gas is electrically heated to a set temperature, the self-heating gas pipeline enters a blast furnace. The temperature of the outputted high-temperature gas is regulated by regulating the electric power outputted by the resistor tube. The thermocouple is additionally arranged on the hot gas pipeline of the electric heater, and the output power of the resistor pipe is interlocked with the thermocouple temperature measurement of the hot gas pipeline, so that the automatic control of the output gas temperature is realized.
Further, a bypass pipeline for stabilizing the temperature of the output gas is further arranged before the gas enters the electric heating device, one path of gas is independently led to be in butt joint with the hot gas pipeline output by the electric heater before the gas enters the heater, a flow regulating valve is arranged, if the temperature of the output gas is higher than a set value in the operation period, the opening degree of the cold gas regulating valve is increased, so that the temperature of the hot gas finally entering the blast furnace is reduced to a set target temperature, and if the temperature of the output gas is lower than the set value in the operation period, the opening degree of the cold gas regulating valve is reduced, so that the temperature of the hot gas finally entering the blast furnace is increased to the set target temperature.
Furthermore, a nitrogen emergency cut-in interface is further arranged before the gas enters the electric heater, when gas failure and gas stoppage occur during the period or the pressure of the gas is insufficient due to other reasons, the gas cut-off valve of the gas entering the electric heater is automatically closed, nitrogen can be automatically opened and enter the electric heater, the electric heater can be protected, the electric heater is prevented from being burnt out due to overheating, and meanwhile, the gas in the electric heater is purged, so that the phenomenon that the slag iron materials in the furnace cannot flow backwards is avoided.
Further, when gas failure and gas interruption occur or other reasons cause insufficient gas pressure, the gas cut-off valve of the heater is automatically closed, the gas pipe network sent from the gas mixing valve table is suddenly boosted to cause the machine jump accident of the compressor, in order to prevent the occurrence of the accident, an emergency release loop is arranged before the gas cut-off valve of the heater, and the release valve on the emergency release loop is opened while the gas cut-off valve of the heater is closed. The system enters an emergency diffusion system.
Further, the emergency release loop is directly in butt joint with the low-pressure gas pipe network, and in an emergency, a release valve on the emergency release loop is opened. The high-pressure gas enters a low-pressure pipe network. After the system is stopped, the high-pressure gas in the pipe network is continuously decompressed to the low-pressure gas pipe network through the emergency diffusing loop.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive, and other modifications and equivalents thereof may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An electric heating system for gas is characterized in that: the electric heating device adopted by the heating system comprises a vertical tank body (1), wherein baffle plates (2) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the tank body (1), a plurality of resistor pipes (3) are arranged between the baffle plates (2), the two ends of each resistor pipe (3) respectively penetrate through the baffle plates (2) at the upper end and the lower end, a gas inlet pipe (4) is arranged at the upper end of the side face of the tank body (1), a gas outlet pipe (6) is arranged at the lower end of the side face of the tank body (1), a nitrogen inlet pipe (5) is arranged between the baffle plates (2) at the upper end and the lower end of the side face of the tank body (1), electrodes and the resistor pipes (3) are arranged on the baffle plates (2) and used for electrifying the resistor pipes, and a plurality of temperature measuring couples (8) and a plurality of pressure monitoring points are distributed at different heights along the wall face of the tank body (1);
the heating system adopts two-stage heating, and CO is removed 2 The blast furnace gas and the coke oven gas are mixed and then enter a first-stage electric heating device, the temperature of the gas reaches more than 800 ℃, then enter a second-stage electric heating device, the temperature of the gas is heated to more than 1200 ℃, nitrogen is introduced into the lower side of a baffle plate on the two-stage heating device in the heating process, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 100-300m 3 And/h, preventing the coal gas from entering between the two baffles (2), so that a nitrogen inerting area is formed in the area.
2. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, decarburized gas and coke oven gas enter a gas mixing valve table after passing through a pressure regulating system, a rapid cut-off valve in front of an electric heating system is opened, and the gas mixed according to a set proportion enters the electric heating system, so that the rapid cut-off valve can rapidly cut off the gas under the conditions of blast furnace abnormality and emergency;
s2, after the gas enters a primary electric heater, the temperature is raised to 800-1000 ℃, nitrogen is introduced into the tank body (1) through a nitrogen inlet pipe (5) in the heating process, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 100-300m 3 /h;
S3, feeding the gas from the primary electric heater to the secondary electric heater, raising the temperature to 1000-1200 ℃, and introducing nitrogen into the tank body (1) through the nitrogen inlet pipe (5) in the heating process, wherein the flow rate of the nitrogen is 100-300m 3 And/h, then spraying the metallurgical gas after temperature rising into a blast furnace.
3. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: after the gas is electrically heated to a set temperature, the self-heating gas pipeline enters the blast furnace, a thermocouple is arranged on the hot gas pipeline, the output power of the electric heating device is interlocked with the thermocouple, and the gas output temperature is automatically controlled.
4. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a bypass pipeline for stabilizing the temperature of output gas is arranged on a gas pipeline in front of the secondary electric heater, and a mixed gas is independently led to be in butt joint with a hot gas pipeline output by the electric heater before entering the heater, and a flow regulating valve is arranged.
5. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a nitrogen emergency inlet is arranged on a gas pipeline in front of the electric heating device, and can be filled with nitrogen rapidly under the condition of insufficient gas pressurization and gas system failure.
6. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an emergency diffusing and refluxing loop is arranged in front of a gas cut-off valve of the electric heating device.
7. A gas electric heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two-stage electric heating tracks the gas temperature of the outlet and adjusts the input and output power of the thermal resistor according to the target temperature.
CN202210108755.8A 2022-01-28 2022-01-28 Metallurgical gas electric heating device and heating system Active CN114484859B (en)

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