CN114483458B - Three-head wind generating set and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-head wind generating set and an installation method. The three-nose wind generating set comprises a nose, a tower, a rotary supporting arm and a inhaul cable. The machine head consists of a cabin and impellers, and the number of the machine head is three. The tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with the foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member. The first machine head is arranged at the top of the second tower; the rotary supporting arm is arranged outside the transition structural member and at the top of the first tower; the second and third handpieces are disposed on the swivel support arm. The stay cable is divided into a stay cable and a horizontal stay cable, and the stay cable is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head as well as the first machine head and the third machine head. The horizontal transverse stay rope is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head. The scheme ensures that the support structure formed by the tower and the slewing bearing arm effectively bears gravity load and pneumatic load, and improves the economy of the high-capacity unit.

Description

Three-head wind generating set and installation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a three-head wind generating set and an installation method.

Background

The cost is a bottleneck problem of global wind power development, and the large-scale unit (single-machine capacity increase) is the most effective way for solving the cost problem. The development of offshore wind power projects continuously makes the unit become a necessary development trend for large-scale. With the increase of the capacity of the unit, challenges encountered by upgrading the traditional single-impeller wind turbine generator are more and more severe, the load of the unit is increased sharply, and the design, production, manufacture and installation of various components (such as a pitch actuator, a supporting structure and the like) in the unit are difficult due to ultra-long and overweight blades and ultra-large torque. For example, if the current machine set with the power of more than 10 megawatts adopts blades with the power of more than hundred meters, the radial dimension of the pitch bearing exceeds 5 meters, which is very difficult for the domestic production and processing level.

The multi-nose wind generating set realizes the promotion of wind sweeping area and capacity by increasing the number of nose, reduces the scale of single parts (such as the length of the blade), and simultaneously avoids the occurrence of ultra-large load (such as torque load).

The double-head wind turbine generator set is proposed by the German well-known wind power design company Aeroyn and the European sponsored WIP+ large-scale wind power project. However, the double-nose scheme is slightly inferior to the three-nose scheme from the perspective of economy of single-machine capacity improvement of the wind turbine generator. For example, to reach a capacity of 10 megawatts, at least two 5 megawatt handpieces are required.

At present, a conical steel tower barrel and a cantilever beam structure adopted by a traditional single-impeller wind turbine generator are used as a main support form of the multi-head (or multi-rotor) wind turbine generator set displayed in a conceptual design or principle model machine provided by foreign research institutions or complete machine manufacturers. Each horizontal height has two symmetrically arranged units placed on the cantilever beam, namely the total number of the machine heads is even, and each machine head with the height can independently yaw and rotate relative to the tower. This architecture is applicable on lower capacity level units but is not suitable for high capacity (multi megawatt) units. The reason is that the diameter of the impeller of the single machine head is increased, so that the cantilever is required to be increased, the weight of the machine head is increased, the bending moment load (caused by thrust and gravity) on the joint of the rotating component and the cantilever is increased sharply, and the size and weight of the rotating component and the bearing capacity requirements of the two groups of rotating bearings are increased continuously, so that the scheme becomes uneconomical. Second, the thrust and moment loads obtained while each height of nose captures wind energy need to be borne by the cantilever beam and tower and transferred to the foundation. That is, the more the number of heads, the higher the hub center, and the higher the structural strength requirements of the tower and the cantilever beam, and the higher the cost. Therefore, a reasonably configured multi-head wind turbine is needed, and the capacity of the turbine is increased by parallel power generation of a plurality of heads, so that the load caused by the weight of the heads can be supported and transmitted, and the pneumatic load can be more reasonably borne.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the present invention is directed to a three-nose wind turbine generator set, which forms a triangle stable structure by the stay cable, the horizontal stay cable and the three nose, so as to solve the technical problems of reasonable bearing of gravity load and pneumatic load in the prior art.

The invention further aims to provide a method for installing the three-head wind generating set, which is used for simplifying the field construction difficulty and ensuring that the loading of the parts of the set is more reasonable.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a first aspect provides a three-nose wind generating set, which mainly comprises a nose, a tower, a rotary support arm and a guy cable.

The machine heads comprise a cabin and impellers, and the number of the machine heads is three, namely a first machine head, a second machine head and a third machine head. The tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with a foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member; the first machine head is arranged at the top of the second tower.

The rotary supporting arm is arranged outside the transition structural member and at the top of the first tower; the second machine head and the third machine head are arranged on the rotary supporting arm.

The stay cable is divided into a stay cable and a horizontal stay cable, and the stay cable is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head, and the first machine head and the third machine head. The horizontal transverse inhaul cable is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head.

In a further technical scheme, the nacelle is provided with a base, and the second and third handpieces are connected with the rotary support arm through the base.

In a further aspect, the first head is provided with a yaw slewing bearing, and the first head is connected with the top of the second tower through the yaw slewing bearing and can swing relative to the second tower.

In a further aspect, the swivel support arm is capable of swiveling relative to the first tower, the second tower, and the transition structure.

In a further aspect, the axis of rotation of the slewing bearing arm is the same as the axis of rotation of the yaw slewing bearing. The pivoting support arm pivots simultaneously with the yaw pivoting support relative to the second tower.

In a further technical scheme, the rotary support arm is formed by connecting two support arms; or is formed by connecting two supporting arms and a rotary structural member.

In a further technical scheme, the stay cables are divided into a first stay cable and a second stay cable. The two ends of the first inclined stay cable are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the second machine head, and the two ends of the second inclined stay cable are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the third machine head.

In a further aspect, the number of first and second suspension cables is the same and symmetrically arranged about the second tower.

In a further technical scheme, the horizontal transverse stay rope is parallel to the horizontal plane, and two ends of the horizontal transverse stay rope are respectively connected with the base of the second machine head and the base of the third machine head; or two ends of the horizontal transverse stay rope are connected with the rotary support arm. The horizontal transverse stay cable is arranged on the first tower, the second tower and the upwind direction of the transition structural member.

In a second aspect, a method for installing a three-nose wind generating set is provided, which includes the following steps:

s1, mounting the first tower on the basis of the three-head wind generating set;

s2, mounting the transition structural member on the top of the first tower;

s3, installing the rotary supporting arm outside the transition structural member and at the top of the first tower;

s4, mounting the second tower on the top of the transition structural member;

s5, lifting the first machine head and installing the first machine head on the top of the second tower;

s6, lifting and installing bases of the second machine head and the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm, and connecting the base of the first machine head with the base of the second machine head and the base of the first machine head with the base of the third machine head through the stay cable;

s7, connecting the base of the second machine head with the base of the third machine head through the horizontal transverse stay rope;

and S8, lifting the second machine head and the rest part of the third machine head and installing the second machine head and the rest part of the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme include:

according to the embodiment of the invention, the three machine heads are placed on the supporting structure consisting of the two towers and the rotary supporting arm to achieve the purpose of increasing the capacity of the machine set, and the triangular stabilizing structure is formed by the arrangement of the inclined stay ropes and the horizontal transverse stay ropes matched with the supporting structure and the arrangement of the three machine heads, so that the supporting capacity of the machine set is improved. The scheme provides a feasible technical route for the application of the multi-machine-head concept to the high-capacity machine set, so that the support structure formed by the tower and the rotary support arm can effectively bear gravity load and pneumatic load, and the economy of the machine set is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-nose wind turbine generator set in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a three-nose wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a nose portion of a three nose wind turbine generator system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal transverse cable of a three-nose wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-nose wind turbine generator system stay cable stress in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cable and base connection of a three-nose wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a connection scheme of a rotary support arm of a three-nose wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a tower system connection for a three-nose wind turbine generator set in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a three-nose wind turbine generator set installation in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. headpieces, 1.1, first headpiece, 1.2, second headpiece, 1.3, third headpiece, 101, nacelle, 101.1, base, 101.2, nacelle cover, 102, impeller, 102.1, blade, 2, tower system, 2.1, first tower, 2.2, second tower, 2.3, transition structure, 3, swivel support arm, 3.1, support arm, 3.2, swivel structure, 4, cable, 401, suspension cable, 401.1, first suspension cable, 401.1, second suspension cable, 402, horizontal transverse cable, 5, pneumatic thrust, 6, cable tension, 7, foundation.

It is noted that the above-described figures are for illustrating features of the present invention and are not intended to show any actual structure or reflect the dimensions, relative proportions, etc. of the various elements. The examples in the figures have been simplified in order to more clearly illustrate the principles of the present invention and to avoid obscuring the principles of the present invention in unnecessary detail. These illustrations do not present an inconvenience to those skilled in the relevant art in understanding the present invention, and an actual three-nose wind power generator set may include more components.

Description of the embodiments

For the purpose of making the objects and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. This patent describes only a few, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a three-nose wind power generator unit mainly comprises a nose 1, a tower system 2, a rotary support arm 3 and a guy cable 4.

The handpiece 1 is composed of a nacelle 101 and an impeller 102. The impeller 102 mainly comprises a hub and blades 102.1; the nacelle 101 is surrounded by a nacelle cover 101.2 inside which the bedplate 101.1, the drive train and the power generation unit are key components. The number of the heads 1 is three, namely a first head 1.1, a second head 1.2 and a third head 1.3. The tower system 2 is divided into a first tower 2.1 and a second tower 2.2 and a transition structure 2.3. The bottom of the first tower 2.1 is connected with the foundation 7, and because the overall height of the tower system 2 is high, the bottom load (i.e. the foundation load) of the first tower 2.1 is large, if a steel cylindrical tower is adopted, the diameter of the bottom of the first tower 2.1 is too large, and the transportation is influenced. In some embodiments, the first tower 2.1 may be a steel truss tower, may be transported and installed separately, and the foundation 7 may be a inclined pile foundation. The top of the first tower 2.1 is connected to the bottom of the second tower 2.2 by means of a transition structure 2.3, and in some embodiments the second tower 2.2 may take the form of a steel cylindrical tower. It is worth noting that even if both the first tower 2.1 and the second tower 2.2 are in the form of steel cylindrical towers, the connection to the second tower 2.2 generally cannot take the form of a direct connection. The reason is that the swivel support arm 3 requires the top of the first tower 2.1 as support. The first head 1.1 is mounted on top of the second tower 2.2.

The connection of the swivel support arm 3 to the tower system 2 may in some embodiments enclose the transition structure 2.3 inside, the first tower 2.1 providing support for the swivel support arm while swivelling. The first tower 2.1, the second tower 2.2 and the transition structural member 2.3 are fixedly connected, and the rotary support arm can rotate relative to the first tower 2.1 and the second tower 2.2, so that yaw wind is realized.

In some embodiments, the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the swivel support arm 3, at two sides of the first tower 2.1 and the second tower 2.2. The total length of the swivel support arm 3 is calculated according to the diameter of the impeller 102, and in order to ensure that no mechanical interference occurs between the blades 102.1 of the second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3, the total length of the swivel support arm 3 is slightly larger than the impeller diameters of the second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3. In general, the impellers of the second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3 are equal in diameter and employ the same blades 102.1.

The stay rope 4 in the three-nose unit is divided into a stay rope 401 and a horizontal transverse stay rope 402. Wherein the stay cable 401 is used for connecting the first handpiece 1.1 with the second handpiece 1.2, and the first handpiece 1.1 with the third handpiece 1.3; a horizontal transverse cable 402 is used to connect the second handpiece 1.2 with the third handpiece 1.3. The main function of the stay cable 401 is to resist gravity loads from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3, and the main function of the horizontal transverse cable 402 is to resist pneumatic loads from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3. As shown in fig. 3, when the second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3 are in a power generation running state, the impeller 102 generates huge pneumatic thrust 5, and most of the pneumatic thrust 5 is converted into a cable pulling force 6 by means of the connection of the horizontal transverse cable 402, so that the bending moment load required to be born by the root of the rotary support arm 3 is greatly reduced. As shown in fig. 4, when the first handpiece 1.1 is in operation for generating electricity, part of the pneumatic pushing force 5 is converted into a pulling force 6 of the stay cable by means of the connection of the stay cable 401. At the same time, the gravity load from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 becomes a beneficial load, limiting the displacement of the first head nacelle 101 under the action of the aerodynamic thrust 5, as well as the deformation of the first tower 2.1.

The connection locations of the stay 401 and the horizontal cross-member 402 are both the base 101.1 in the nacelle 101. In some embodiments, the base 101.1 of the first head 1.1 is connected to the top of the second tower 2.2 by a yaw swing support, and the connection position of the suspension cable 401 needs to be located outside the outer contour of the top of the second tower 2.2 in order to avoid interference between the suspension cable 401 and the top of the second tower 2.2. Thus, unlike the conventional solution, the outer contour of the base 101.1 of the first head 1.1 needs to be located outside the outer contour of the top of the second tower 2.2.

The second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3 are respectively fixedly connected with the first handpiece 1.1 through a first stay cable 401.1 and a second stay cable 401.2. In some embodiments, when the first handpiece 1.1 needs to yaw against the wind, the second handpiece 1.2 and the third handpiece 1.3 must follow the pivoting support arm 3 simultaneously to yaw against the wind. Considering the height difference and the wind resource difference caused by the horizontal dimension, the calculation of the yaw error needs to comprehensively process wind direction measurement values of the three handpieces 1, such as weighted average, and uniformly form a yaw instruction.

The swivel support arm 3 can take a variety of structural configurations, and two possible ways are shown in fig. 7. As shown in the left view of fig. 7, the swivel support arm 3 may be formed by connecting two support arms 3.1 and a swivel structural member 3.2. As shown in the right-hand view of fig. 7, the swivel support arm 3 may consist of two support arms 3.1 connected. The dimensions of the swivel support arm 3 may in some embodiments be in excess of 140 meters, and the diameter of the transition structure 2.3 is greater than the maximum diameter of current conventional towers by 4.8 meters, so that the swivel structure 3.2 and support arm 3.1 may be of a split type construction for docking installation in the field.

Both ends of the horizontal stay 402 are connected to the base 101.1 of the second handpiece 1.2 and the base 101.1 of the third handpiece 1.3, respectively. In some embodiments, the connection interfaces of the horizontal transverse cables 402 can also be arranged on both sides of the rotary support arm 3. In order to arrange the horizontal transverse cables 402, the angle between the two support arms 3.1 can obviously not be 180 °. In some embodiments, the angle between the two support arms 3.1 may take on a value between 150 ° and 175 °. If the angle between the two support arms 3.1 is chosen too large, the effect of the horizontal transverse cable 402 is not obvious; if the angle between the two support arms 3.1 is chosen to be too small, the length of the two support arms 3.1 must be increased in order to avoid mechanical interference between the blades 102.1 of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3, and thus balancing considerations need to be made when choosing the angle. For a conventional upwind turbine, a horizontal transverse cable 402 is provided upwind of the tower system 2.

Referring to the flow shown in fig. 9, the method of operation of the installation of the three-nose wind turbine generator set includes the steps of:

s1, mounting a first tower 2.2 on a foundation 7 of a three-head wind generating set;

s2, installing a transition structural member 2.3 on the top of the first tower 2.2;

s3, installing the rotary structural member 3.2 outside the transition structural member 2.3, wherein the influence caused by overlong cantilever of the support arm 3.1 (such as using an auxiliary crane) needs to be considered when the support arm 3.1 is continuously connected to the top of the first tower 2.1;

s4, mounting a second tower 2.2 on the top of the transition structural member 2.3;

s5, lifting the first machine head 1.1 and installing the first machine head on the top of the second tower 2.2;

s6, mounting the supporting arms 3.1 at two ends of the rotary structural member 3.2 by utilizing a crane;

s7, mounting bases 101.1 of a second machine head 1.2 and a third machine head 1.3 at two ends of a rotary supporting arm 3, and connecting the base 101.1 of the first machine head 1.1 with the base 101.1 of the second machine head 1.2 and the base 101.1 of the first machine head 1.1 with the base 101.1 of the third machine head 1.3 through a stay cable 401;

s8, connecting the base 101.1 of the second machine head 1.2 with the base 101.1 of the third machine head 1.3 through a horizontal transverse stay rope 402;

s9, lifting the second handpiece 1.2 and the rest part of the third handpiece 1.3 and installing the second handpiece and the rest part on the rotary support arm 3.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper, lower, inner and outer", etc. in terms are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "mounted, connected, and coupled" should be construed broadly in this disclosure unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined, such as: can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integral connection; it may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be a communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms of the two indicated azimuth or positional relationships of "upwind direction" in terms of the present invention are based on the national standard of the people's republic of China "GB/T18451.1-2012: the relevant explanations in the terminology and definition of section 3 in the wind turbine generator set design requirements are chosen. This is done to avoid obscuring terms describing orientation or position, such as "forward", which may cause inconvenience and even ambiguity to those of ordinary skill in the art. And should not be construed as limiting the invention.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A three-nose wind generating set is characterized in that: the three-nose wind generating set comprises a nose, a tower, a rotary support arm and a guy cable;

the machine heads comprise a cabin and impellers, wherein the number of the machine heads is three, and the number of the machine heads is first, second and third;

the tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with a foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member; the first machine head is arranged at the top of the second tower; the rotary supporting arm is arranged outside the transition structural member and at the top of the first tower; the second machine head and the third machine head are arranged on the rotary supporting arm;

the first machine head is provided with a yaw slewing bearing; the first machine head is connected with the top of the second tower through the yaw slewing bearing and can swing relative to the second tower; the rotary support arm can rotate relative to the first tower, the second tower and the transition structural member;

the rotary support arm is formed by connecting two support arms, or is formed by connecting two support arms and a rotary structural member; the included angle between the two supporting arms takes a value between 150 degrees and 175 degrees;

the stay ropes are divided into a stay rope and a horizontal stay rope, and the stay rope is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head, and the first machine head and the third machine head;

the horizontal transverse stay cable is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head, is parallel to the horizontal plane and is arranged on the first tower, the second tower and the upwind direction of the transition structural member.

2. A three-nose wind power generator set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cabin is provided with a base, and the second machine head and the third machine head are connected with the rotary supporting arm through the base.

3. A three-nose wind power generator set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotation axis of the rotary support arm is the same as the rotation axis of the yaw rotary support; the pivoting support arm pivots simultaneously with the yaw pivoting support relative to the second tower.

4. A three-nose wind power generator set as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

the two ends of the first inclined stay cable are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the second machine head; and two ends of the second inclined stay rope are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the third machine head.

5. The three-nose wind turbine generator set of claim 4, wherein: the first and second stay cables are the same in number and are symmetrically disposed about the second tower.

6. A three-nose wind power generator set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the first machine head are respectively connected with the base of the second machine head and the base of the third machine head; or two ends of the horizontal transverse stay rope are connected with the rotary support arm.

7. A method of installing a three-bladed wind power generator unit according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method is based on a three-bladed wind power generator unit, the method comprising the steps of:

s1, mounting the first tower on the basis of the three-head wind generating set;

s2, mounting the transition structural member on the top of the first tower;

s3, installing the rotary supporting arm outside the transition structural member and at the top of the first tower;

s4, mounting the second tower on the top of the transition structural member;

s5, lifting the first machine head and installing the first machine head on the top of the second tower;

s6, lifting and installing bases of the second machine head and the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm, and connecting the base of the first machine head with the base of the second machine head and the base of the first machine head with the base of the third machine head through the stay cable;

s7, connecting the base of the second machine head with the base of the third machine head through the horizontal transverse stay rope;

and S8, lifting the second machine head and the rest part of the third machine head and installing the second machine head and the rest part of the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm.