CN114483458A

CN114483458A - Three-machine-head wind generating set and mounting method

Info

Publication number: CN114483458A
Application number: CN202210137322.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔逸南; 崔新维
Original assignee: Suzhou Xinsanli Wind Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Xinsanli Wind Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-15
Filing date: 2022-02-15
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-15
Also published as: CN114483458B

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-handpiece wind generating set and an installation method thereof. The three-machine-head wind generating set comprises machine heads, a tower frame, a rotary supporting arm and a guy cable. The machine head consists of three machine heads, namely a cabin and impellers. The tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with the foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member. The first machine head is arranged at the top of the second tower; the rotary supporting arm is arranged outside the transition structural part and at the top of the first tower; the second head and the third head are arranged on the rotary supporting arm. The inhaul cable is divided into an obliquely-arranged inhaul cable and a horizontally-transversely-arranged inhaul cable, and the obliquely-arranged inhaul cable is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head as well as the first machine head and the third machine head. The horizontal transverse inhaul cable is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head. The scheme enables the supporting structure consisting of the tower frame and the rotary supporting arm to effectively bear the gravity load and the pneumatic load, and improves the economical efficiency of a large-capacity unit.

Description

Three-machine-head wind generating set and mounting method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a three-machine-head wind generating set and an installation method.

Background

The cost is the bottleneck problem of the global wind power development, and the large-scale unit (the single unit capacity is increased) is the most effective way for solving the cost problem. The continuous development of offshore wind power projects makes the unit become a necessary development trend in large-scale. With the increase of the capacity of the unit, the challenge of upgrading the traditional single-impeller wind turbine generator is more and more severe, the load of the unit is increased sharply, and the overlong and overweight blades and the overlarge torque bring a lot of problems to the design, the production, the manufacture, the installation and the like of each component (such as a variable pitch actuating mechanism, a supporting structure and the like) in the unit. For example, if a unit with the power of more than 10 megawatts adopts blades with the grade of more than one hundred meters at present, the radial size of a variable pitch bearing exceeds 5 meters, and the difficulty is huge for the domestic production and processing level.

The multi-machine-head wind generating set realizes the improvement of the wind sweeping area and the capacity by increasing the number of the machine heads, reduces the size (such as the length of a blade) of a single part, and simultaneously avoids the occurrence of ultra-large load (such as torque load).

A double-head wind turbine generator set is proposed by German well-known wind power design company Aerodyn and a WIP + large wind power project sponsored by the European Union. However, from the economic point of the single-machine capacity improvement of the wind turbine generator, the scheme of the double machine heads is slightly inferior to that of the three machine heads. For example, to achieve a 10 megawatt capacity, at least two 5 megawatt heads are required.

At present, a multi-nose (or multi-rotor) wind generating set shown in a concept design or principle prototype provided by foreign research institutions or complete machine manufacturers uses a conical steel tower barrel and a cantilever beam structure adopted by a traditional single-impeller wind generating set as a main support form. Two symmetrically arranged machine sets are arranged on the cantilever beam at each horizontal height, namely the total number of the machine heads is even, and the machine heads at each height can independently perform yaw rotation relative to the tower barrel. This architecture is applicable to units of lower capacity class, but not to large capacity (multi-megawatt) units. The reason is that the increase of the diameter of the single machine head impeller leads to the increase of the cantilever, the weight of the machine head rises along with the increase of the diameter of the single machine head impeller, the bending moment load (caused by thrust and gravity) applied to the joint of the rotary part and the cantilever is increased sharply, the size and weight of the rotary part and the bearing capacity requirements of the two groups of rotary bearings are increased continuously, and the scheme is not economical. Secondly, the thrust and bending moment loads obtained while the nose of each level captures the wind energy need to be taken up by the outriggers and towers and transferred to the foundation. That is, the more the number of the machine heads is, the higher the hub center is, the higher the structural strength requirement of the tower and the cantilever is, and the cost is higher and higher. Therefore, a multi-handpiece wind turbine generator set with reasonable configuration is needed, and the multiple handpieces can generate electricity in parallel to improve the capacity of the generator set, and simultaneously can support and transfer the load caused by the weight of the handpieces and can bear the pneumatic load more reasonably.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a three-head wind turbine generator system, which forms a triangular stable structure by the inclined guy cable, the horizontal guy cable and the three heads, so as to solve the technical problem of reasonably bearing the gravity load and the pneumatic load in the background art.

The invention also aims to provide an installation method of the three-nose wind generating set, which is used for simplifying the field construction difficulty and enabling the loading of the parts of the set to be more reasonable.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect provides a three-head wind turbine generator system, which mainly comprises a head, a tower, a rotary supporting arm and a guy cable.

The aircraft nose comprises cabin and impeller, the aircraft nose totally three, first aircraft nose, second aircraft nose and third aircraft nose. The tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with a foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member; the first machine head is arranged on the top of the second tower.

The slewing support arm is arranged outside the transition structure and on the top of the first tower; the second head and the third head are disposed on the swivel support arm.

The cable is divided into an inclined cable and a horizontal transverse cable, and the inclined cable is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head, and the first machine head and the third machine head. The horizontal transverse inhaul cable is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head.

In a further technical scheme, the engine room is provided with a base, and the second machine head and the third machine head are connected with the rotary supporting arm through the base.

In a further technical solution, the first machine head is provided with a yaw slewing bearing, and the first machine head is connected with the top of the second tower through the yaw slewing bearing and can slew relative to the second tower.

In a further aspect, the swiveling support arm is able to swivel relative to the first tower, the second tower, and the transition structure.

In a further aspect, the pivot axis of the pivot support arm is the same as the pivot axis of the yaw pivot support. The slewing bearing arm slewing relative to the second tower simultaneously with the yaw slewing bearing.

In a further technical scheme, the rotary supporting arm is formed by connecting two supporting arms; or is formed by connecting two supporting arms and a rotary structural part.

In a further technical scheme, the inclined inhaul cable is divided into a first inclined inhaul cable and a second inclined inhaul cable. The first inclined inhaul cable is connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the second machine head at two ends respectively, and the second inclined inhaul cable is connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the third machine head at two ends respectively.

In a further technical solution, the first diagonal cables and the second diagonal cables are the same in number and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second tower.

In a further technical scheme, the horizontal transverse inhaul cable is parallel to a horizontal plane, and two ends of the horizontal transverse inhaul cable are respectively connected with the base of the second machine head and the base of the third machine head; or two ends of the horizontal transverse inhaul cable are connected with the rotary supporting arm. The horizontal transverse guy cable is arranged in the upwind direction of the first tower, the second tower and the transition structural member.

In a second aspect, a method for installing a three-head wind generating set is provided, which includes the following steps:

s1, mounting the first tower on the foundation of the three-nose wind generating set;

s2, mounting the transition structural part on the top of the first tower;

s3, mounting the rotary supporting arm on the outer part of the transition structural member and the top of the first tower;

s4, mounting the second tower on the top of the transition structural part;

s5, hoisting the first machine head and installing the first machine head on the top of the second tower;

s6, hoisting and installing the base of the second machine head and the base of the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm, and connecting the base of the first machine head and the base of the second machine head, and the base of the first machine head and the base of the third machine head through the inclined pull rope;

s7, connecting the base of the second machine head with the base of the third machine head through the horizontal inhaul cable;

and S8, hoisting the rest parts of the second machine head and the third machine head and installing the second machine head and the third machine head on the rotary supporting arm.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme include:

according to the embodiment of the invention, the three machine heads are placed on the supporting structure consisting of the two towers and the rotary supporting arms to achieve the purpose of increasing the capacity of the machine set, and the triangular stable structure is formed by the arrangement of the inclined inhaul cables, the horizontal inhaul cables and the supporting structure, and the arrangement of the three machine heads, so that the supporting capacity of the machine set is improved. The scheme provides a feasible technical route for applying a multi-machine-head concept to a large-capacity unit, so that a supporting structure consisting of the tower and the rotary supporting arm effectively bears the gravity load and the pneumatic load, and the economical efficiency of the unit is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-head wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an axial view of a three-head wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a three-head wind turbine generator system head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal transverse stay cable stress of a three-head wind generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a force-bearing drawing of an inclined guy cable of a three-head wind generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of connection between a guy cable and a base of a three-head wind generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connection scheme of a rotary supporting arm of a three-head wind generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a three-head wind generating set tower system connection according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of the installation of a three-head wind generating set according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate: 1. a machine head, 1.1, a first machine head, 1.2, a second machine head, 1.3, a third machine head, 101, a machine cabin, 101.1, a base, 101.2, a machine cabin cover, 102, an impeller, 102.1, a blade, 2, a tower system, 2.1, a first tower, 2.2, a second tower, 2.3, a transition structure, 3, a rotary supporting arm, 3.1, a supporting arm, 3.2, a rotary structure, 4, a guy cable, 401, a diagonal guy cable, 401.1, a first diagonal guy cable, 401.1, a second diagonal guy cable, 402, a horizontal guy cable, 5, a pneumatic thrust, 6, a guy cable tension, 7, a foundation.

It is noted that the above-described figures are intended to illustrate the features of the invention and are not intended to show any actual structure or to reflect the dimensional, relative proportions and other details of the various components. In order to more clearly illustrate the principles of the present invention and to avoid obscuring the same in unnecessary detail, the examples in the drawings have been simplified. These illustrations do not present an inconvenience to those skilled in the relevant art in understanding the present invention, and an actual three-head wind turbine generator set may include more components.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following describes the embodiments of the present invention completely with reference to the related drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. This patent describes only a few embodiments and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a three-head wind turbine generator system mainly comprises a head 1, a tower system 2, a slewing support arm 3 and a guy cable 4.

The machine head 1 is composed of a nacelle 101 and an impeller 102. The impeller 102 mainly comprises a hub and blades 102.1; the nacelle 101 is enclosed by a nacelle cover 101.2 inside of a base 101.1, key components like a drive train and a power generating unit. The machine heads 1 are three in total, namely a first machine head 1.1, a second machine head 1.2 and a third machine head 1.3. The tower system 2 is divided into a first tower 2.1 and a second tower 2.2 and a transition structure 2.3. The bottom of the first tower 2.1 is connected with the foundation 7, and the whole height of the tower system 2 is high, so that the load (namely the foundation load) value of the bottom of the first tower 2.1 is large, and if a steel cylindrical tower is adopted, the diameter of the bottom of the first tower 2.1 is too large, so that the transportation is influenced. In some embodiments, the first tower 2.1 may be a steel truss tower, which may be transported and installed separately, and the foundation 7 may be a batter pile foundation. The top of the first tower 2.1 is connected to the bottom of the second tower 2.2 by a transition structure 2.3, in some embodiments the second tower 2.2 may take the form of a steel cylindrical tower. It is worth noting that even if both the first tower 2.1 and the second tower 2.2 are in the form of steel cylindrical towers, the connection to the second tower 2.2 generally cannot be a direct connection. The reason is that the slewing bearing arm 3 requires the top of the first tower 2.1 as support. The first head 1.1 is mounted on top of the second tower 2.2.

The connection of the slewing support arm 3 to the tower system 2 may, in some embodiments, enclose the transition structure 2.3 inside, the first tower 2.1 providing support for the slewing support arm in slewing. The first tower frame 2.1, the second tower frame 2.2 and the transition structural member 2.3 are fixedly connected, and the rotary supporting arms can rotate relative to the first tower frame 2.1, the second tower frame 2.2 and the transition structural member 2.3, so that yaw wind convection is realized.

In some embodiments, a second head 1.2 and a third head 1.3 are provided at both ends of the slewing bearing arm 3, on both sides of the first 2.1 and second 2.2 towers, respectively. The total length of the rotating arm 3 is calculated from the diameter of the impeller 102, and in order to ensure that no mechanical interference occurs between the blades 102.1 of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3, the total length of the rotating arm 3 is slightly greater than the diameter of the impeller of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3. Typically, the impellers of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 are of equal diameter and employ the same blades 102.1.

The guy cable 4 in the three-head unit is divided into an inclined guy cable 401 and a horizontal guy cable 402. The inclined pull rope 401 is used for connecting the first machine head 1.1 with the second machine head 1.2, and connecting the first machine head 1.1 with the third machine head 1.3; the horizontal transverse guy 402 is used to connect the second head 1.2 with the third head 1.3. The main function of the diagonal cable 401 is to resist the gravitational load from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3, and the main function of the horizontal transverse cable 402 is to resist the pneumatic load from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3. As shown in fig. 3, when the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 are in the power generation operation state, the impeller 102 generates a large pneumatic thrust 5, and by means of the connection of the horizontal transverse guy cable 402, most of the pneumatic thrust 5 is converted into a guy cable tension 6, so that the bending moment load to be borne by the root of the rotary supporting arm 3 is greatly reduced. As shown in fig. 4, when the first machine head 1.1 is operated to generate electricity, part of the pneumatic pushing force 5 is converted into the pulling force 6 of the cable by means of the connection of the inclined cable 401. At the same time, the gravitational load from the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 becomes a beneficial load, limiting the displacement of the first head nacelle 101 under the effect of the aerodynamic thrust 5, as well as the deformation of the first tower 2.1.

The connection positions of the diagonal cables 401 and the horizontal transverse cables 402 are the base 101.1 in the nacelle 101. In some embodiments, the base 101.1 of the first machine head 1.1 is connected to the top of the second tower 2.2 through a yaw slewing bearing, and the connection position of the diagonal cable 401 needs to be outside the outer contour of the top of the second tower 2.2 in order to avoid the interference between the diagonal cable 401 and the top of the second tower 2.2. Thus, unlike conventional solutions, the outer contour of the base 101.1 of the first head 1.1 needs to be located outside the top outer contour of the second tower 2.2.

The second machine head 1.2 and the third machine head 1.3 are fixedly connected with the first machine head 1.1 through a first inclined pull rope 401.1 and a second inclined pull rope 401.2 respectively. In some embodiments, when the first head 1.1 needs to yaw into the wind, the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 must simultaneously follow the slewing bearing arm 3 to yaw into the wind. Considering the height difference and the wind resource difference caused by the horizontal direction scale, the calculation of the yaw error needs to carry out comprehensive processing on the wind direction measured values of the three machine heads 1, such as weighted average, and uniformly form a yaw command.

The pivoted support arm 3 can take a number of structural configurations, two possibilities being shown in figure 5. As shown in the left view of fig. 5, the pivoting support arm 3 may be formed by connecting two support arms 3.1 and a pivoting structure 3.2. As shown in the left view of fig. 5, the pivoting support arm 3 can be formed by two support arms 3.1 connected together. The dimensions of the revolving support arm 3 may in some embodiments exceed 140 metres and the diameter of the transition structure 2.3 is 4.8 metres larger than the maximum diameter of the conventional tower at present, so that the revolving structure 3.2 and the support arm 3.1 will be of a split construction and butt-mounted on site.

The two ends of the horizontal transverse guy 402 are connected with the base 101.1 of the second head 1.2 and the base 101.1 of the third head 1.3, respectively. In some embodiments, the connection interface of the horizontal transverse cable 402 may also be provided on both sides of the pivoting support arm 3. For the arrangement of the horizontal transverse cable 402, the angle between the two support arms 3.1 obviously cannot be 180 °. In some embodiments, the angle between the two support arms 3.1 may take between 150 ° and 175 °. If the included angle between the two supporting arms 3.1 is too large, the effect of the horizontal transverse stay 402 is not obvious; if the angle between the two support arms 3.1 is chosen too small, the length of the two support arms 3.1 must be increased in order to avoid mechanical interference between the blades 102.1 of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3, and therefore a balancing consideration is required when choosing the angle. For a conventional upwind unit, a horizontal cross-drag cable 402 is provided upwind of the tower system 2.

Referring to the process shown in fig. 8, the working method for installing the three-head wind generating set includes the following steps:

s1, mounting the first tower 2.2 on a foundation 7 of a three-nose wind generating set;

s2, mounting the transition structural member 2.3 at the top of the first tower 2.2;

s3, the revolving structural member 3.2 is installed outside the transition structural member 2.3, and the top of the first tower frame 2.1 is continuously connected to the supporting arm 3.1, so that the influence caused by the overlong cantilever of the supporting arm 3.1 (such as using an auxiliary crane, etc.) needs to be considered;

s4, mounting the second tower 2.2 on the top of the transition structural member 2.3;

s5, hoisting the first machine head 1.1 and installing the first machine head on the top of the second tower 2.2;

s6, mounting the supporting arms 3.1 at two ends of the rotary structural member 3.2 by using a crane;

s7, mounting a second machine head 1.2 and a base 101.1 of a third machine head 1.3 at two ends of a rotary supporting arm 3, and connecting the base 101.1 of the first machine head 1.1 and the base 101.1 of the second machine head 1.2, the base 101.1 of the first machine head 1.1 and the base 101.1 of the third machine head 1.3 through an inclined pull rope 401;

s8, connecting the base 101.1 of the second machine head 1.2 and the base 101.1 of the third machine head 1.3 through a horizontal transverse pull cable 402;

s9, the remaining parts of the second head 1.2 and the third head 1.3 are lifted and mounted on the pivoted support arm 3.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "mounted, connected and connected" in the present invention are to be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; they may be mechanically, electrically, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the words of the two indicated orientations or positional relationships in the term "upwind direction" are based on the national standard of the people's republic of china "GB/T18451.1-2012: the related explanations in section 3 "terms and definitions" of the wind turbine generator system design requirements were selected. This is done to avoid relatively ambiguous words such as "forward" that describe an orientation or position, which would cause an inconvenience and even an ambiguity to one of ordinary skill in the art. And are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-head wind generating set is characterized in that: the three-machine-head wind generating set comprises machine heads, a tower frame, a rotary supporting arm and a guy cable;

the machine head consists of three machine heads, namely a first machine head, a second machine head and a third machine head;

the tower is divided into a first tower and a second tower, the bottom of the first tower is connected with a foundation, and the top of the first tower is connected with the bottom of the second tower through a transition structural member; the first machine head is arranged at the top of the second tower;

the slewing support arm is arranged outside the transition structure and on the top of the first tower;

the second machine head and the third machine head are arranged on the rotary supporting arm;

the inhaul cable is divided into an inclined inhaul cable and a horizontal inhaul cable, and the inclined inhaul cable is connected with the first machine head and the second machine head, and the first machine head and the third machine head;

the horizontal transverse inhaul cable is connected with the second machine head and the third machine head.

2. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: the engine room is provided with a base, and the second machine head and the third machine head are connected with the rotary supporting arm through the base.

3. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: the first machine head is provided with a yaw slewing bearing; the first machine head is connected with the top of the second tower through the yaw slewing bearing and can slew relative to the second tower.

4. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: the swing support arm is capable of swinging relative to the first tower, the second tower, and the transition structure.

5. A three-head wind generating set according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that: the rotation axis of the rotary supporting arm is the same as that of the yaw rotary support; the slewing bearing arm slewing relative to the second tower simultaneously with the yaw slewing bearing.

6. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary supporting arm is formed by connecting two supporting arms; or is formed by connecting two supporting arms and a rotary structural part.

7. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, wherein:

the inclined inhaul cable is divided into a first inclined inhaul cable and a second inclined inhaul cable, and two ends of the first inclined inhaul cable are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the second machine head; and two ends of the second inclined inhaul cable are respectively connected with the base of the first machine head and the base of the third machine head.

8. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 7, wherein: the first inclined cables and the second inclined cables are the same in number and are symmetrically arranged about the second tower.

9. A three head wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal transverse inhaul cable is parallel to the horizontal plane, and two ends of the horizontal transverse inhaul cable are respectively connected with the base of the second machine head and the base of the third machine head; or two ends of the horizontal transverse inhaul cable are connected with the rotary supporting arm; the horizontal transverse guy cable is arranged in the upwind direction of the first tower, the second tower and the transition structural member.

10. A method for installing a three-head wind generating set, characterized in that the method is based on the three-head wind generating set of any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises the following steps:

s2, mounting the transition structural part on the top of the first tower;

s4, mounting the second tower on the top of the transition structural part;