CN114482865A - PDC drill bit with movable partial blades - Google Patents
PDC drill bit with movable partial blades Download PDFInfo
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- CN114482865A CN114482865A CN202210075971.7A CN202210075971A CN114482865A CN 114482865 A CN114482865 A CN 114482865A CN 202210075971 A CN202210075971 A CN 202210075971A CN 114482865 A CN114482865 A CN 114482865A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PDC drill bit with movable partial blades, which comprises a drill bit body, fixed blades, movable blades, a power conversion mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein the fixed blades are arranged on the drill bit body; the power conversion mechanism can adopt an impeller driving type, a screw motor driving type or a motor driving type mechanism; the transmission mechanism comprises a cam rod, a push rod, a spring, a rotating pin shaft and a fixed pin shaft, fixed blades and movable blades are arranged on the bit body, PDC teeth are arranged on each blade, and each movable blade can realize periodic telescopic motion under the action of the transmission mechanism and simultaneously superpose with rotary cutting motion to obtain combined motion. The cutting path of the PDC teeth on the blades under the combined movement is not a circular track any more but a periodic non-circular track, and the rock ridges generated after the cutting of the PDC teeth on the fixed blades can be efficiently crushed. This patent can improve drill bit drilling rate and broken rock efficiency, and reinforcing drill bit creeps into stability, prolongs the life of PDC tooth on the fixed wing to promote the comprehensive properties of drill bit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drilling tools, in particular to a PDC drill bit with movable partial blades, which is suitable for complex difficult-to-drill rock strata of deep wells and ultra-deep wells.
Background
In recent years, with the development of oil and gas resource exploration and development technologies and the increasing demand of energy in various countries around the world, the exploration field faces more deep and ultra-deep layer oil and gas wells. The conventional drill bit has the problems of poor adaptability, slow drilling speed and the like when facing deep wells, ultra-deep wells and deep complex difficult-to-drill rock strata (such as high-hardness, high-plasticity compact, serious inhomogeneous and the like), so that the drilling efficiency is greatly reduced, and the whole drilling cost is improved.
Currently, PDC bits are widely used in the selection of downhole tools for drilling due to their high wear resistance and few moving parts. The PDC drill bit cuts and crushes rocks by depending on a poly-gold diamond composite sheet (PDC teeth for short), and the advantages of rock crushing efficiency and mechanical drilling speed are prominent in the application of soft to medium-hard strata; and with the development of the poly-gold diamond compact, the PDC drill bit is used in higher and higher proportion in the drilling engineering. However, PDC bits still suffer from several disadvantages: 1) when the strength and hardness of the rock are high, the PDC teeth are difficult to be absorbed into the rock to form an effective cutting effect, particularly, the abraded PDC teeth are difficult to be absorbed into the rock, and the mechanical drilling rate of the drill bit can be sharply reduced. 2) The PDC tooth produces a large amount of heats after continuously cutting rock in-process and rock friction, causes the temperature of PDC tooth root position to rise rapidly, and when the temperature rose, the wearing and tearing speed of PDC tooth was accelerated to lead to the thermal wear phenomenon aggravation. 3) The wear rate difference of PDC teeth on different radial areas of the PDC drill bit is obvious, the wear rate of cutting teeth in the outer area (particularly the outer 1/3 area of the drill bit radius) of the general drill bit is obviously higher than that of the cutting teeth in the central area, and the wear balance of the cutting teeth is poor, so that the comprehensive performance of the drill bit is reduced. In summary, with the increase of the drilling depth, the PDC drill bit often shows the phenomena of slipping, no drilling and the like, and the problems of the cutting teeth, such as aggravation of thermal wear, imbalance of wear and the like, are highlighted, and finally, the prominent problems of low drilling engineering efficiency, high cost and the like are caused.
In order to solve the problems of slipping of PDC teeth, no drilling and the like, experts and scholars at home and abroad design and develop various rock breaking impact tools; such as a torsional impactor, a hydraulic jet impactor, a self-excited torsional impact tool, an axial and circumferential composite impact tool, a hydraulic rotary impact tool, and the like. The tool increases the thrust of the PDC cutting teeth by increasing the axial or circumferential load for the PDC drill bit, and the mode obviously improves the drilling speed, but aggravates the problem of the breakage of the cutting teeth and easily causes great influence on the service life of the drill bit. There is therefore a need to devise a new drilling tool that ameliorates the above-mentioned problems of PDC bits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the PDC drill bit, and provides the PDC drill bit with movable blades, wherein the movable blades can realize periodic radial contraction movement, the movement track of PDC teeth on the fixed blades can be converted into a periodic non-circular track (shown in figure 6), and the non-circular track of the movable blades is superposed with the circular track of the original fixed blades (shown in figure 7) to realize the cross cutting effect on rock ridges. The invention can ensure that the PDC teeth on the fixed blades can effectively bite into rocks, obviously reduce the wear rate of the PDC teeth, prolong the service life of the PDC drill bit and improve the mechanical drilling speed, and reduce the cost of the whole drilling engineering.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a PDC drill bit with movable partial blades, which comprises a bit body, a water hole or a fixed nozzle, fixed blades, movable blades, a transmission mechanism, a power conversion mechanism, a shell and a drill bit joint section. The transmission mechanism includes: cam lever, push rod, spring, rotation round pin axle and fixed pin axle. And movable blades are also arranged between the fixed blades and are uniformly arranged on the bit body. The power of the movable blade comes from drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid flows through the power conversion mechanism to cause the power conversion mechanism to rotate and simultaneously drive the cam rod in the transmission mechanism to rotate; the cam is engaged with the push rod, the push rod is enabled to obtain periodic radial telescopic motion through compression and rebound of the spring, and finally power is transmitted to the movable blade through the rotating pin shaft. The PDC teeth on the movable blades can effectively cut rock ridges generated by rotary cutting of the PDC teeth on the fixed blades in the radial telescopic process, so that the abrasion of the PDC teeth on the fixed blades is effectively reduced, and the service life of the PDC teeth is prolonged.
Preferably, the power conversion mechanism may adopt an impeller type, a screw motor type or a motor type driving mechanism to realize the rotation of the transmission mechanism.
Preferably, the power conversion mechanism includes: stator 51, stator cap 52, bearing 53, stator shaft 54, impeller 55. Drilling fluid flows through the guide wheel to impact the impeller to rotate, the guide wheel is fixed on the shell, and the stepped surface is arranged in the shell to realize axial positioning of the transmission structure. The guide wheel rod is in threaded connection with the guide wheel cap, the guide wheel rod is assembled with the guide wheel through the deep groove ball bearing to achieve the positioning and rotating functions, the guide wheel rod is in threaded connection with the impeller, and the rotating direction of threads between the guide wheel rod and the impeller is opposite to the rotating direction of the impeller so as to prevent the guide wheel rod and the impeller from falling off during working; and then impeller, guide pulley pole, guide pulley cap just can realize location and whole rotation through the bearing. Drilling fluid flows through the guide wheel, the guide wheel impacts the impeller to rotate, power is transmitted to the cam rod by the impeller and the cam rod in a threaded connection mode, and the rotating speed and the torque of the impeller can be adjusted by adjusting the discharge capacity and the pressure of the drilling fluid.
Furthermore, the guide wheel divides the drilling fluid by a guide ring at the upper end, and changes the flowing direction of the drilling fluid by guide wheel blades, and the guide wheel blades have a certain helical angle; the helical angle of the impeller blade and the helical angle of the guide wheel blade are opposite in rotation direction so as to enhance the impact action of the fluid on the impeller blade. The drilling fluid flows through the stator blades and impacts the impeller blades, and the impeller, the stator rod and the stator cap rotate in the bearing.
Furthermore, the impeller is in threaded connection with the cam rod, and the rotation direction of threads between the cam rod and the impeller is opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller so as to prevent the impeller from falling off during working; the impeller rotational torque is transmitted to the cam rod. The cam contour line of the design adopts a sine curve, and is characterized in that: when the drill bit is meshed with the push rod, no rigid and flexible impact exists, the meshing is stable, and the vibration of the drill bit can be reduced to the maximum extent. Spring devices are arranged between the three push rods and the bit body, the push rods are compressed under the action of the cam and rebound under the action of the springs, and then the telescopic motion of the push rods can be realized. And the push rod penetrates through a preset hole on the drill body to be hinged with the movable blade through a rotating pin shaft, so that the telescopic motion of the push rod can be transmitted to the bottom of the movable blade.
Furthermore, a fixed pin shaft is arranged in the middle of the movable blade and is fixed on the drill body. The bottom of the movable blade is driven to swing around the fixed pin shaft by the telescopic motion of the push rod at the bottom of the movable blade, the cutting teeth at the top of the movable blade do circular arc reciprocating swing around the pin shaft, and the cutting teeth and the circular motion of the underground drilling tool are overlapped to form a periodic non-circular (trigonometric function) motion track.
A long seam with the width of 1mm is formed at the contact position of the top of the movable blade and the bit body, so that drilling fluid can flow out of the long seam while the movable blade swings around the fixed pin shaft in a reciprocating manner, and rock debris between the inner side of the movable blade and the bit body is continuously cleaned; and because the high-pressure area is formed between the cracks due to the impact of the drilling fluid, rock debris is not easy to enter, thereby ensuring the reciprocating motion of the movable blade, reducing the risk that the movable blade is blocked by the rock debris and enhancing the reliability of the design.
The wear rate of the PDC teeth at different radial positions on the PDC bit body is obviously different, and the wear rate of the cutting teeth in the radially outer area of the bit body is obviously higher than that of the cutting teeth in the central area, particularly the PDC cutting teeth at the crown part which is positioned at about 1/3 parts of the radial outer part of the PDC bit body. Because the cutting diameter of the cutting teeth at the position is large, the cutting speed of the cutting teeth is higher than that of the cutting teeth at the core part of the drill bit, and therefore, the cutting teeth are subjected to the most load and wear when cutting broken rocks. The length of the movable blades is set to 2/3 of the radius of the PDC drill bit, and the movable blades are arranged in the severe abrasion area of the PDC teeth at the radial outer side of the drill bit body, so that the abrasion of the PDC teeth on the fixed blades in the area can be reduced to the maximum extent.
The working principle of a PDC drill bit (impeller type) with movable partial blades is as follows:
s1, drilling fluid flows through a guide wheel, after the drilling fluid is divided under the action of a guide wheel ring, the guide wheel blade obliquely impacts an impeller blade, and the impeller obtains large rotating speed and torque.
S2, the impeller drives the cam rod to rotate, the cam is meshed with the push rod to transmit power to the push rod, and the push rod achieves radial telescopic motion under the combined action of the cam and the spring.
S3, the push rod is connected with the bottom of the movable blade through the rotating pin shaft to achieve hinge joint, the bottom of the movable blade swings around the fixed pin shaft in the telescopic process of the push rod, and then the top of the blade swings along with the movable blade under the action of the lever structure, and periodic radial telescopic motion is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) compared with the existing PDC drill bit, the PDC drill bit not only has circular rotary cutting of the fixed blades, but also has non-circular track cutting of the movable blades, and two cutting rock breaking modes exist in one drill bit at the same time, so that the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.
2) The radial telescopic motion of the movable blade can effectively cut the rock ridge generated by the fixed blade, so that PDC teeth on the fixed blade are more easily eaten into the rock, and the phenomena of slipping and no drilling of the traditional PDC drill bit are effectively avoided.
3) The length of the movable blade is 2/3 of the radius of the PDC drill bit, and the movable blade is arranged in the severe abrasion area of the PDC teeth on the radial outer side of the drill bit body, so that the abrasion of the PDC teeth on the fixed blade can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.
4) Compared with the existing impact PDC drill bit, the PDC bit can obviously improve the loading problem of the PDC bit, prolong the service life of the PDC bit and improve the reliability of the drill bit, thereby reducing the drilling cost.
5) When facing deep wells, ultra-deep wells and deep difficult-to-drill rock strata (such as strata with high hardness, high plasticity and compactness, serious heterogeneity and the like), the periodic movement of the movable blade can be adjusted through the flow of drilling fluid, so that the drill bit has strong adaptability to different strata.
6) Compared with the traditional PDC drill bit, the reciprocating expansion and contraction of the top of the movable blade is overlapped with the circular motion to form a periodic non-circular motion track, the non-circular track of the movable blade and the circular track of the original fixed blade form the cross cutting of the rock ridge, the bottom hole track of the drill bit can be improved, and the inserting efficiency of PDC teeth on the fixed blade is improved.
7) The power comes from the drilling fluid, and the power conversion is realized by the power conversion mechanism, and the drilling fluid power conversion device has the characteristics of simple structure, high conversion efficiency, high reliability and the like.
8) The contour line of the cam is set to be a sine curve, when the cam is meshed with the push rod, no rigid and flexible impact exists, the meshing is stable, and the vibration of the drilling tool can be reduced to the maximum extent.
9) The PDC drill bit is simple in internal structure, parts are easy to process, and assembly is simple.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in partial cutaway;
FIG. 2 is a schematic external perspective view of a PDC bit with movable blades;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a partial blade movable PDC bit;
FIG. 4 is a half-sectional view of a portion of a movable blade PDC bit (impeller type);
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bit body construction;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cutting trajectory of a single movable blade PDC tooth of a PDC drill bit with movable blades (in the figure, a thin solid line is a cutting trajectory of the PDC tooth on the fixed blade, and a thick solid line is a cutting trajectory of the PDC tooth on the movable blade);
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cutting trajectory of a full blade PDC tooth of a PDC drill bit with a movable blade (in the figure, a thin solid line is a cutting trajectory of the PDC tooth on the fixed blade, and a thick solid line is a cutting trajectory of the PDC tooth on the movable blade);
FIG. 8 is a schematic left-side limit view of a PDC bit PDC tooth having a movable portion of blades (in the figure, solid lines indicate fixed blade cutting teeth, and dotted lines indicate movable blade cutting teeth);
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the right limit position of the PDC teeth of the movable PDC bit with the movable blades (in the figure, the solid lines are the fixed blade cutting teeth, and the dotted lines are the movable blade cutting teeth);
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a transmission structure of a PDC bit (impeller type) with movable blades;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a PDC bit cam rod with movable blades;
in the above drawings: 1-a bit body; 11-long seam; 2-fixing the blade; 21-PDC teeth; 3-a movable blade; 12-water holes or fixed nozzles; 4-a transmission mechanism; 41-cam lever; 42-a push rod; 43-a spring; 44-rotating the pin shaft; 45-fixing the pin shaft; 5-a power conversion mechanism; 51-a guide wheel; 52-guide wheel cap; 53-bearings; 54-a guide wheel shaft; 55-impeller; 6-a housing; 7-bit joint section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A partially movable-blade PDC bit according to some embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 1-11.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a PDC drill bit with movable partial blades includes a bit body 1, fixed blades 2, movable blades 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a power conversion mechanism 5, a housing 6, and a bit joint section 7. The transmission mechanism 4 includes: a cam lever 41, a push rod 42, a spring 43, a rotating pin 44, and a fixed pin 45. The movable blades 3 are arranged between the fixed blades 2, the movable blades and the fixed blades are uniformly arranged on the bit body, PDC teeth 21 are uniformly arranged on each blade, the fixed blade teeth are distributed according to the conventional PDC bit teeth distribution principle, and the tooth spacing on the movable blades is 2 times of the diameter of the PDC teeth.
The power of the movable blade comes from drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid flows through the power conversion mechanism 5 to promote the power conversion mechanism 5 to rotate and simultaneously drive the cam rod 41 in the transmission mechanism 4 to rotate; the cam rod 41 engages with the push rod 42, and the push rod 42 is periodically extended and contracted radially by the compression and rebound of the spring 43, and finally the power is transmitted to the movable blade 3 through the rotating pin 44. The PDC teeth on the movable blades 3 can effectively cut rock ridges generated by rotary cutting of the PDC teeth on the fixed blades 2 in the radial telescopic process, so that abrasion of the PDC teeth of the fixed blades is effectively reduced, and the service life of the PDC teeth is prolonged.
The power conversion mechanism 5 and the transmission mechanism 4 jointly drive the movable blade 3 to realize periodic radial telescopic motion, so that the PDC teeth on the movable blade 3 form a periodic non-circular cutting motion track.
Preferably, a plurality of movable blades 3 are arranged on the drill bit body 1, and the movable blades 3 can realize periodic telescopic motion, so that PDC teeth on the movable blades 3 realize rotary chip motion and radial telescopic motion at the same time, and the rotary chip motion and the radial telescopic motion are overlapped to form a periodic non-circular motion track; the non-circular track of the movable blade 3 and the circular track of the original fixed blade 2 are superposed to form cross cutting on the rock.
Preferably, the power conversion mechanism 5 can adopt a single-pole or multi-stage impeller drive, a screw motor drive or an electric motor drive mechanism to realize the rotary motion of the transmission mechanism 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the power conversion mechanism 5 may be designed in an impeller type structure, and the power conversion mechanism 5 includes: stator 51, stator cap 52, bearing 53, stator shaft 54, impeller 55. The drilling fluid flows through the guide wheel 51 firstly, the guide wheel ring is arranged at the upper part of the guide wheel 51 and can evenly divide the drilling fluid, the guide wheel blades have a certain helix angle, and the drilling fluid obliquely impacts the impeller blades after being accelerated by the guide wheel 51. Drilling fluid impacts an impeller 55 to rotate through a guide wheel 51, the impeller 55 is in threaded connection with a cam rod 41 to transmit power to a transmission mechanism, a cam of the cam rod 41 is driven to rotate periodically, the cam is meshed with a push rod 42, and the push rod 42 realizes telescopic motion under the combined action of the cam and a spring 43. The movable blade 3 is a lever mechanism capable of rotating around a fixed pin 45, and the spring 43 is periodically compressed and rebounded, so that the movable blade 3 periodically swings around the fixed pin 45 under the lever structure, and the top of the movable blade 3 can periodically and radially extend and retract.
Preferably, the profile curve of the cam can be a sine curve, a cosine curve or a quintic polynomial motion curve, and the PDC teeth on the movable blade can obtain sine, cosine or quintic polynomial motion tracks. The cam contour line has no rigid and flexible impact, and is suitable for the high-speed cam mechanism, so that the cam rod rotates stably, and the impact oscillation of a drill bit is reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, a long slit 11 with the width of 1mm is formed at the position where the top of the movable blade 3 contacts with the bit body 1, and drilling fluid can flow out of the long slit when the drill bit works.
A nozzle 12 is provided in front of each blade and in the centre of the drill bit. (this design is 6in drill bit, can use the nozzle diameter to be 8 ~ 12 mm).
Preferably, the fixed blades 2 are arranged in the same pattern as the conventional PDC teeth, the movable blades 3 have a length of 2/3 the radius of the PDC bit, and the movable blades 3 are arranged in the radially outer region of the bit body 1 where the PDC teeth are severely worn. The contour line of the top of the movable blade 3 is an arc with the fixed pin 45 as the center of a circle, and the main body of the movable blade 3 and the fixed pin 45 form a lever structure. While the movable blade 3 swings around the fixed pin 45, the top of the movable blade 3 swings in a reciprocating arc around the fixed pin 45.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: drilling fluid flows through the guide wheel, is divided under the action of the guide wheel ring, and then obliquely impacts the impeller blades through the guide wheel blades, so that the impeller obtains higher rotating speed and torque; the impeller drives the cam rod to rotate, the cam is meshed with the push rod to transmit power to the push rod, and the push rod realizes radial telescopic motion under the combined action of the cam and the spring; the push rod is connected with the bottom of the movable blade through the rotating pin shaft to achieve hinging, the bottom of the movable blade swings around the fixed pin shaft in the telescopic process of the push rod, and then the top of the blade swings along with the movable blade under the action of the lever structure, so that periodic radial telescopic motion is achieved.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a PDC drill bit that part blade is movable, includes drill bit body (1), fixed blade (2), movable blade (3), drive mechanism (4) and power conversion mechanism (5), its characterized in that: the fixed blade (2) and the movable blade (3) are both provided with PDC teeth (21), the movable blade (3) is distributed on the bit body (1), and the power conversion mechanism (5) drives the movable blade (3) to realize periodic radial telescopic motion through the transmission mechanism (4), so that the PDC teeth on the movable blade (3) form a periodic non-circular cutting motion track.
2. The partially movable PDC bit of claim 1 wherein: the movable blades (3) can be arranged in a plurality and are uniformly arranged on the bit body (1), and the movable blades (3) can realize periodic telescopic motion, so that PDC teeth on the movable blades (3) have rotary cutting motion and radial telescopic motion at the same time and are superposed to form a periodic non-circular motion track; the noncircular track of the movable blade (3) and the circular track of the original fixed blade (2) are superposed to form cross cutting on the rock.
3. The partially movable PDC bit of claim 1 wherein: the power conversion mechanism (5) can adopt a single-pole or multi-stage impeller driving type, a screw motor driving type and a motor driving type mechanism so as to realize the rotary motion of the transmission mechanism (4).
4. The partially movable PDC bit of claim 1 wherein: the power of the movable blade (3) is derived from drilling fluid; the power conversion mechanism can adopt an impeller type structure design, drilling fluid flows through a guide wheel (51) to impact an impeller (55) to rotate, the impeller (55) is in threaded connection with a cam rod (41) to transmit power to a transmission mechanism, a cam of the cam rod (41) is driven to realize periodic rotation, the cam is meshed with a push rod (42), and the push rod (42) realizes telescopic motion under the combined action of the cam and a spring (43); the movable blade (3) is a lever mechanism which can rotate around a fixed pin shaft (45), a spring (43) is periodically compressed and rebounded, so that the movable blade (3) periodically swings around the fixed pin shaft (45) under the lever structure, and the top of the movable blade (3) can be periodically and radially extended and retracted.
5. The partially movable-blade PDC bit of claim 4 wherein: a guide wheel ring is designed at the upper part of the guide wheel (51), and the guide wheel ring (51) uniformly divides the drilling fluid; the guide wheel blades have a certain helix angle, and drilling fluid obliquely impacts the impeller blades after being accelerated by the guide wheel (51).
6. The partially movable-blade PDC bit of claim 4 wherein: the cam contour line on the cam rod (41) can be a sine curve, a cosine curve or a fifth-order polynomial motion curve.
7. The partially movable PDC bit of claim 1 wherein: a long seam (11) with the width of 1mm is formed in the contact position of the tops of the movable blades (3) and the bit body (1), and drilling fluid can flow out of the long seam when the drill bit works.
8. The partially movable PDC bit of claim 1 wherein: the fixed blades (2) are distributed with teeth the same as those of the conventional PDC teeth, the length of the movable blades (3) is 2/3 of the radius of the PDC drill bit, and the movable blades (3) are arranged in a severe wear area of the radially outer PDC teeth of the drill bit body (1).
9. The partially movable-blade PDC bit of claim 4 wherein: the contour line of the top of the movable blade (3) is an arc with a fixed pin shaft (45) as the center of a circle, and the main body of the movable blade (3) and the fixed pin shaft (45) form a lever structure; the top of the movable blade (3) swings in a reciprocating arc around the fixed pin shaft (45) while the movable blade (3) swings around the fixed pin shaft (45).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210075971.7A CN114482865A (en) | 2022-01-23 | 2022-01-23 | PDC drill bit with movable partial blades |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210075971.7A CN114482865A (en) | 2022-01-23 | 2022-01-23 | PDC drill bit with movable partial blades |
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| CN114482865A true CN114482865A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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| CN202210075971.7A Pending CN114482865A (en) | 2022-01-23 | 2022-01-23 | PDC drill bit with movable partial blades |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114704208A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-05 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | Drill bit assembly with adjustable tooth crest angle |
| CN115839213A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-03-24 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | PDC drill bit with adjustable |
-
2022
- 2022-01-23 CN CN202210075971.7A patent/CN114482865A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114704208A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-05 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | Drill bit assembly with adjustable tooth crest angle |
| CN114704208B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-09 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | Drill bit assembly with adjustable tooth crest angle |
| CN115839213A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-03-24 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | PDC drill bit with adjustable |
| CN115839213B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-05 | 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 | PDC drill bit with adjustable |
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