CN114479307A - 一种防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物 - Google Patents
一种防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开了一种防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物及其制备方法。该防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物以重量份数计包括如下组份：高聚合度聚氯乙烯100份；稳定剂2‑7份；增塑剂70‑100份；白炭黑10‑25份；重质碳酸钙6‑14份；硅油6‑18份；硅酮粉1‑8份；芥酸酰胺0.05‑0.25份；硅烷偶联剂0.2‑1.8份。该防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物具有较好的耐热性、力学性能及防粘连性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子加工应用技术领域，具体涉及防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前已知的防水卷材隔离膜生产方法是：在聚氯乙烯薄膜上喷涂一层硅油作为隔离膜，再覆盖一层加工温度较高的防水涂层，然后将隔离膜与防水涂层碾压在一起后制成防水卷材隔离膜。由于此方法中硅油和防水涂层的加工温度较高，所以要求薄膜材料具有较好的耐热性，否则当硅油及防水涂层涂敷在薄膜上，容易使薄膜产生褶皱、鼓泡等缺陷，还容易使薄膜出现跑偏等现象。
此外，硅油虽然具有较好的防粘连性，但与薄膜材料的相容性较差，会使硅油分子析出到薄膜表面，在加工和产品储存时造成硅油的迁移或转移，导致薄膜性能明显降低，还使得防水卷材的防粘连性大幅降低。
由此，亟需一种新的防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物及制备方法来解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物及其制备方法。
本发明的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，以重量份数计包括如下组份：
其中，高聚合度聚氯乙烯是聚合度在2500以上的聚氯乙烯。由于高聚合度聚氯乙烯分子量较高，树脂中含有微交联结构，具有较高的耐热性和力学性能，可以较普通聚氯乙烯添加更多的填料以达到对隔离膜性能的综合要求。其中，稳定剂为硫醇类有机锡稳定剂，优选硫醇甲基锡稳定剂。其用量为2-7份，优选3-6份。该类稳定剂具有稳定性好、用量少，且具有极佳的耐热性。
其中，增塑剂为柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)和偏苯三酸三辛酯(TOTM)二者复配的复配增塑剂，二者以质量份数计的复配比例是柠檬酸三丁酯︰偏苯三酸三辛酯＝2-4:1，优选3:1。增塑剂总用量为70-100份，优选80-90份。
柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)具有增塑效率高、无毒、不易挥发、耐热及耐候性强等特点，成为首选替代邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的绿色环保产品。偏苯三酸三辛酯作为一种耐热和耐久型主增塑剂，广泛应用于聚氯乙烯软质品种。
其中，白炭黑的用量为8-25份，优选10-20份。白炭黑进一步优选为气相白炭黑。白炭黑作为一种环保、性能优异的助剂，主要用于橡胶制品(包括高温硫化硅橡胶)、纺织、造纸、农药、食品添加剂领域。本发明中利用白炭黑比表面积大，孔隙率高，从而具有表面吸附力强的特点。采用硅油和硅烷偶联剂对白炭黑进行浸润及处理，通过超声波分散使其均匀地分散于高聚合度聚氯乙烯树脂中，起到较好的隔离防水卷材的作用，相应的降低了硅油的用量，提高了聚乙烯薄膜的强度。
其中，重质碳酸钙颗粒平均粒径应≥1000目，用量为6-14份，优选8-10份。重质碳酸钙在塑料加工中主要用作填充剂，起到降低成本的作用。在本发明中，重质碳酸钙与浸润过的白炭黑一起主要是对防水卷材的防粘连具有一定的协同效果，同时兼具填充剂，降低组合物成本的作用。
其中，所述硅油是防水卷材隔离膜不可或缺的助剂，其用量为6-18份，优选7-13份。
其中，所述硅酮粉用量为1-8份，优选2-5份。其是以成核结构包覆在高分子材料(聚硅氧烷)里面的，其分子间的作用力强于高分子和无机物，另一端是高分子与烷烃的结合，在界面层起承上启下的作用，一边拉住无机物，一边融合高分子，比偶联剂单纯的改善界面极性强度要高很多。
其中，所述芥酸酰胺用量为0.05-0.25份，优选0.08-0.2份。其具有较好的外润滑作用，还具有很好的抗粘连性。芥酸酰胺能显著降低薄膜或片材表面的动态和静态摩擦系数，防止薄膜自相粘接或与被包装物粘接。
其中，所述硅烷偶联剂优选乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷，所述硅烷偶联剂用量为0.2-1.8份，优选0.4-1.4份。其能较大程度的改善合成树脂与无机填充剂或增强材料的界面性能。
本发明还提供了一种如上所述的防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物的制备方法，包括：
(1)将硅烷偶联剂用无水乙醇稀释后倒入白炭黑及重质碳酸钙中，一边搅拌，一边同时进行加热干燥；然后将经硅烷偶联剂处理过的白炭黑和重质碳酸钙倒入由硅油和第一份增塑剂组成的混合物中浸润，利用超声波的空化作用进行混合搅拌，以达到充分混合分散的目的；由此，得到混合浆液；
(2)将高聚合度聚氯乙烯、稳定剂、硅酮粉、芥酸酰胺投入混合机中进行高速混合，在混合温度达到80-100℃(优选90℃)时，降低搅拌速度并向其中缓慢倒入步骤(1)中得到的混合浆液以及剩余的增塑剂，待增塑剂吸收后卸料、冷却，在175-220℃进行挤出造粒，得到防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物。
其中，第一份增塑剂占全部增塑剂质量的45-55％，优选占全部增塑剂质量的50％。
发明有益效果
相对于现有技术，本发明具有以下优势：
(1)高聚合度聚氯乙烯由于分子量较高，树脂中含有微交联结构，具有较高的耐热性和力学性能，还可以较普通薄膜料添加更多的填料以达到对隔离膜性能的综合要求。
(2)偶联剂处理后的白炭黑和重质碳酸钙经过硅油浸润及超声波分散混合，可以较为均匀地分散在高聚合度聚氯乙烯中，经共混、造粒，然后压延制成的薄膜可以有效地与防水涂层碾压成型，并在使用时易于揭取而不发生粘连。
(3)尽管硅油本身虽然具有较好的防粘连性，但其与聚氯乙烯的相容性较差，硅油分子会析出到聚氯乙烯表面，这在产品加工和储存时造成硅油的迁移或转移，导致聚氯乙烯性能明显降低，以及防水卷材的防粘连性大幅降低。本发明中，含有微交联结构的高聚合度聚氯乙烯与经过超声波分散及偶联处理的白炭黑和重质碳酸钙可以比较均匀且牢固地结合在一起，进而有效地限制了硅油的迁移，这样就保证了隔离膜在生产、储存中的产品质量。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不因此限制本发明。
实施例与比较例样品制备方法：
(1)将硅烷偶联剂用无水乙醇稀释后倒入白炭黑及重质碳酸钙中，一边高速搅拌，一边同时进行加热干燥；然后将经硅烷偶联剂处理过的白炭黑和重质碳酸钙倒入由硅油和第一份增塑剂(占全部增塑剂质量的50％)组成的混合物中浸润，利用超声波的空化作用进行混合搅拌，以达到充分混合分散的目的；由此，得到混合浆液；
(2)将高聚合度聚氯乙烯、稳定剂、硅酮粉、芥酸酰胺投入混合机中进行高速混合，在混合温度达到90℃时，降低搅拌速度并向其中缓慢倒入步骤(1)中得到的混合浆液以及剩余的增塑剂，待增塑剂吸收后卸料、冷却，在175-220℃进行挤出造粒，得到防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物。
残余粘着率的测试方法
将胶带贴于被测离型膜(隔离膜)涂硅面上，按胶带形状切成长条，在常温下将标准不锈钢条放在长条试样上静置20小时(70g/cm2)。之后将样条取出，在相对湿度为50％±5％、温度为摄氏23±2度的标准环境下至少放置4小时，用拉力机测试拉伸速度为300mm/min,拉伸角度为180°时的拉力即为离型力。
控制带样条：测时用压敏胶带与离型膜平整贴合后，用压辊以约10mm/s的速度，来回滚压两次，并在23℃±2℃及相对湿度50％±5％条件下调节30min-40min,再进行180°剥离力测试。
残余粘着样条：离型膜测试样条经状态调节后，将测试用压敏胶带与离型膜完整分离，并与另外预处理的离型膜平整贴合后用压辊以约10mm/s的速度，来回滚压两次，并在23℃±2℃及相对湿度50％±5％条件下调节30min-40min,再进行180°剥离力测试。
残余粘着率计算：
表1列出了本发明实施例1-5和比较例1-3的配方组分及性能测试结果。
表1本发明实施例1-5和比较例1-3的配方组分及性能测试结果
※：白炭黑及重质碳酸钙未经处理，直接做成的隔离膜组合物
从表1中可以看出：
(1)本发明实施例1-5所制备的防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物均具有理想的强度、伸率及残余粘着率。
(2)比较例1-3仅单一添加白炭黑或重质碳酸钙，且未添加硅酮粉，所得到的隔离膜组合物性能均不如实施例1-5。
(3)比较例4虽然采用了与实施例1相同的配方，但是其中白炭黑及重质碳酸钙未经处理，而是直接做成隔离膜组合物，从性能测试结果看，其强度、伸率和残余粘着率均远低于实施例1-5。
Claims (9)
1.一种防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，以重量份数计包括如下组分：
2.如权利要求1所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，高聚合度聚氯乙烯是聚合度在2500及2500以上的高聚合度聚氯乙烯。
3.如权利要求1所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，稳定剂为硫醇类有机锡稳定剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，增塑剂为柠檬酸三丁酯和偏苯三酸三辛酯二者复配的复配增塑剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，柠檬酸三丁酯和偏苯三酸三辛酯二者以质量份数计的复配比例是柠檬酸三丁酯︰偏苯三酸三辛酯＝2-4:1。
6.如权利要求1所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，重质碳酸钙颗粒平均粒径应≥1000目。
7.如权利要求1所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物，其中，所述硅烷偶联剂包括乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷。
8.如权利要求1-7所述的防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物的制备方法，包括：
(1)将硅烷偶联剂用无水乙醇稀释后倒入白炭黑及重质碳酸钙中，一边搅拌，一边同时进行加热干燥；然后将经硅烷偶联剂处理过的白炭黑和重质碳酸钙倒入由硅油和第一份增塑剂组成的混合物中浸润，利用超声波的空化作用进行混合搅拌，得到混合浆液；
(2)将高聚合度聚氯乙烯、稳定剂、硅酮粉、芥酸酰胺投入混合机中进行混合，在混合温度达到80-100℃时，降低搅拌速度并向其中缓慢倒入步骤(1)中得到的混合浆液以及剩余的增塑剂，待增塑剂吸收后卸料、冷却，在175-220℃进行挤出造粒，得到防水卷材隔离膜用高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的防水卷材用隔离膜高聚合度聚氯乙烯组合物的制备方法，其中，第一份增塑剂占全部增塑剂质量的45-55％。
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