CN114475484B - Automobile electrical system and automobile - Google Patents
Automobile electrical system and automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114475484B CN114475484B CN202210276772.2A CN202210276772A CN114475484B CN 114475484 B CN114475484 B CN 114475484B CN 202210276772 A CN202210276772 A CN 202210276772A CN 114475484 B CN114475484 B CN 114475484B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- isolation circuit
- diode
- electronic switch
- converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile electrical system and an automobile, comprising: the system comprises at least two batteries, a DC converter, a first isolation circuit and a second isolation circuit, wherein the at least two batteries comprise a first battery and a second battery; the first end of the first isolation circuit and the first end of the second isolation circuit are both connected with the first battery, and the second end of the first isolation circuit and the second end of the second isolation circuit are both connected with the first side of the direct current converter; the second battery is connected with the second side of the direct current converter; the third end of the second isolation circuit is respectively connected with a plurality of electric devices; the first isolation circuit comprises at least one first isolation device for turning off the corresponding first isolation device when a voltage jump is detected on one side of the DC converter, so that the voltage between the first side and the second side of the DC converter is isolated. The invention can avoid adverse effect on electric equipment caused by voltage fluctuation of the power grid and ensure the safety of the automobile power supply network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an automobile electrical system and an automobile.
Background
At present, a single 12V lead-acid storage battery is commonly adopted in a fuel passenger car, and the electric system of the car cannot avoid that after a high-power electric appliance and an electric controller share one power supply, the electric power of the high-power electric appliance can cause interference to the electric controller. And because of the rapid development of new technologies such as intelligent cabins and the like, the requirements on the electric energy of an automobile power grid on stability and safety are higher and higher, and if only one independent storage battery is used for supplying power (no redundant power supply network is used), the requirements on the stability and safety of the passenger car are difficult to meet.
At present, some schemes mention that a redundant power supply network is adopted as a power supply network, and the type of power supply network can solve the problem that power consumption fluctuation of a high-power electric appliance brings interference to an electric controller when one power supply is shared, but some schemes do not solve the problem that when a voltage disturbance phenomenon occurs on one power supply or an associated circuit connected with the power supply, how to effectively isolate the influence of the voltage disturbance on the other power supply and the associated circuit, and therefore, the stable power supply to the electric appliance is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automobile electrical system and an automobile, which solve the technical problem that in a redundant power supply network, when voltage disturbance occurs in one power supply or an associated circuit connected with the power supply, the other power supply and the associated circuit are subjected to voltage disturbance, so that stable power supply for electric equipment is difficult to realize.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automotive electrical system comprising:
the vehicle electrical system comprises at least two batteries, wherein the at least two batteries comprise a first battery and a second battery, and the vehicle electrical system further comprises a direct current converter and a first isolation circuit;
a first end of the first isolation circuit is connected with the first battery, and a second end of the first isolation circuit is connected with a first side of the direct current converter; the second battery is connected with a second side of the direct current converter;
the first isolation circuit comprises at least one first isolation device and is used for switching off the corresponding first isolation device when detecting that voltage abrupt change occurs on one side of the direct current converter, so that voltage between the first side and the second side of the direct current converter is isolated.
Optionally, the device further comprises a second isolation circuit, wherein a first end of the second isolation circuit is connected with the first battery, a second end of the second isolation circuit is connected with the first side of the direct current converter, and a third end of the second isolation circuit is connected with a plurality of electric equipment;
the second isolation circuit comprises at least one second isolation device, and the second isolation device is used for blocking current on one side of the second isolation circuit from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit, and simultaneously enabling the first battery and the second battery to supply power for electric equipment through the second isolation device.
Optionally, the first isolation circuit includes a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch connected in series; the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are connected in opposite directions.
Optionally, the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch each include a MOS transistor and a third diode, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a control side of the dc converter, a source of the MOS transistor is connected to an anode of the third diode, and a drain of the MOS transistor is connected to a cathode of the third diode.
Optionally, the second isolation circuit includes a first diode and a second diode;
the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the direct current converter, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, and the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the first battery.
Optionally, the cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are both connected with one end of a fuse, and the other end of the fuse is connected with electric equipment.
Optionally, the first isolation circuit includes a third electronic switch, one end of the third electronic switch is connected to the first end of the dc converter, and the other end of the third electronic switch is connected to the first battery.
Optionally, the first isolation circuit includes at least one fuse, one end of the fuse is connected to the first end of the dc converter, and the other end of the fuse is connected to the first battery.
Optionally, the power supply voltage of the first battery is smaller than the power supply voltage of the second battery; the first battery is a 12V power supply battery, the second battery is a 24V power supply battery, and the first battery and the second battery are lithium batteries.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an automobile comprising a starter, a generator and an automotive electrical system as provided in the first aspect of the present application, the second battery connecting the starter and the generator.
According to the technical scheme, through the isolation effect of the first isolation circuit, when the voltage mutation at one side of the direct current converter is detected, the corresponding first isolation device is turned off, so that the fluctuation voltage at one side of the direct current converter cannot influence the power grid at the other side of the direct current converter.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system, to which a second embodiment of the present invention is applied;
FIG. 3 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system, according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection relationship between a first isolation circuit and a second isolation circuit of an automotive electrical system according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of an automotive electrical system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of an automotive electrical system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of an automotive electrical system according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an electrical system of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to an electrical control system of an automobile. As shown in fig. 1, the system includes:
at least two batteries including a first battery 1 and a second battery 2, the automotive electrical system further including a dc converter 3 and a first isolation circuit 4;
a first end of the first isolation circuit 4 is connected with the first battery 1, and a second end of the first isolation circuit 4 is connected with a first side of the direct current converter 3; the second battery 2 is connected with the second side of the direct current converter 3;
specifically, as can be seen from fig. 1, the first battery 1 is connected to a first end of the first isolation circuit 4; the first side of the DC converter 3 is connected with the second end of the first isolation circuit 4 and the second end; the second battery 2 is connected to the second side of the dc converter 3, so that the voltage of the second battery 2 can be converted by the dc converter 3 to obtain a voltage that can be used to power the electrical equipment.
The first isolation circuit 4 comprises at least one first isolation device for switching off the corresponding first isolation device when a voltage jump is detected on one side of the dc converter 3, such that a voltage between the first side and the second side of the dc converter 3 is isolated.
Specifically, the first isolation circuit 4 may include at least one first isolation device, which is configured to conduct and disconnect the circuit in time, for example, when the vehicle is operating normally, the voltage at two sides of the dc converter 3 is stable, and the first isolation circuit 4 may be controlled to be in a conducting state, so that both the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 may supply power to the electric device. When the voltage of the power grid on the first side of the dc converter 3 drops due to the start-up of the consumer, the second battery 2 can provide a stable supply for the consumer by means of the voltage conversion of the dc converter 3.
In addition, when the load switch of the power grid on one side of the dc converter 3 is opened or a high voltage pulse is generated, an abrupt voltage is generated, and in order to avoid the voltage on one side of the dc converter 3 being transferred to the other side of the dc converter 3, the first isolation circuit 4 may be opened so that the voltage between the first side and the second side of the dc converter 3 is isolated.
According to the technical scheme, through the isolation effect of the first isolation circuit, when the voltage mutation at one side of the direct current converter is detected, the corresponding first isolation device is turned off, so that the fluctuation voltage at one side of the direct current converter cannot influence the power grid at the other side of the direct current converter.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the second isolation circuit is further disclosed on the basis of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, a second isolation circuit 5 is also included in the system.
The second isolation circuit 5 comprises at least one second isolation device for blocking the current on one side of the second isolation circuit 5 from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit 5, and simultaneously enabling the first battery 1 and the second battery 3 to supply power to the electric equipment through the second isolation device.
Specifically, the second isolation circuit 5 may include at least one isolation device, where a first end of the second isolation circuit 5 is connected to the first battery 1, a second end is connected to a first end of the dc converter 3, and a third end is connected to the electrical device. The second isolation circuit 5 may block the voltage at one side of the dc converter 3 from being transferred to the other side of the dc converter 3. If the second isolation circuit 5 is not present, when a short circuit to ground occurs on either side of the dc converter 3, current can flow directly to the side to ground, and neither the first battery 1 nor the second battery 2 will be able to power the consumer.
In addition, the second isolation device in the second isolation circuit 5 may also provide a conducting function for the first battery 1 and the second battery 2, so that the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 may supply power to the electric device respectively. If the first isolation circuit 4 has an open circuit fault, the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 can also supply power to the electric equipment, so that the running time of relevant electric appliances of the vehicle can be prolonged, and corresponding measures can be conveniently taken by the vehicle and a driver, rather than emergency accidents caused by sudden power failure.
In the embodiment, the second isolation circuit is used for blocking the current on one side of the second isolation circuit from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit, so that the short-circuit protection function is realized; and the second isolation circuit can also play a role in power supply conduction, so that the first battery and the second battery can supply power for the electric equipment through a second isolation device of the second isolation circuit.
Example III
Fig. 3 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the specific structures of the first isolation circuit and the second isolation circuit are further disclosed on the basis of the above embodiments. As shown in fig. 3, the first isolation circuit in the system specifically includes:
a first electronic switch 41 and a second electronic switch 42 connected in series; the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are connected in opposite directions to each other.
It should be noted that, the specific structures of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch adopted in this embodiment are the same, and each of them includes a MOS transistor and a third diode, where a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a control side of the dc converter, a source is connected to an anode of the third diode, and a drain is connected to a cathode of the third diode.
The first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are connected in opposite directions, and specifically include two cases. The first case includes: the positive electrode of the third diode of the first electronic switch 41 is connected with the positive electrode of the third diode of the second electronic switch 42, and the source electrode of the MOS tube in the first electronic switch 41 is also connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube in the second electronic switch 42. The second case includes: the cathode of the third diode of the first electronic switch 41 is connected with the cathode of the third diode of the second electronic switch 42, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube in the first electronic switch 41 is also connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube in the second electronic switch 42. Both of these cases enable the first isolation circuit to be in an off state when the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are off.
Specifically, as shown in the connection mode of the first isolation circuit and the second isolation circuit in fig. 4, the drain electrode of the MOS transistor in the first electronic switch 41 is connected to the first side of the dc converter 3, the source electrode of the MOS transistor in the first electronic switch 41 is connected to the source electrode of the MOS transistor in the second electronic switch 42, and the drain electrode of the MOS transistor in the second electronic switch 42 is connected to the first battery 1, so that when both the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are turned off, the first isolation circuit 4 is in an off state; when the first electronic switch 41 is turned on and the second electronic switch 42 is turned off, the current flowing from the dc converter 3 to the first isolation circuit 4 may pass, but the current flowing from the first battery 1 to the first isolation circuit 4 may not pass; when the second electronic switch 42 is turned on and the first electronic switch 41 is turned off, the current flowing from the dc converter 3 to the first isolation circuit 4 cannot pass, and the current flowing from the first battery 1 to the first isolation circuit 4 can pass; when both the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are turned on, the first isolation circuit is in a bidirectional conductive state. When another connection mode is adopted, namely, the source electrode of the MOS tube in the first electronic switch 42 is connected with the first side of the direct current converter 3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube in the first electronic switch 41 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube in the second electronic switch 42, and when the source electrode of the MOS tube in the second electronic switch 42 is connected with the first battery 1, the first isolation circuit 4 is in an off state when the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are both turned off; when the first electronic switch 41 is turned on and the second electronic switch 42 is turned off, the current flowing from the dc converter 3 to the first isolation circuit 4 cannot pass, and the current flowing from the first battery 1 to the first isolation circuit 4 can pass; when the second electronic switch is turned on and the first electronic switch 41 is turned off, the current flowing from the dc converter 3 to the first isolation circuit 4 may pass, but the current flowing from the first battery 1 to the first isolation circuit 4 may not pass; when both the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are turned on, the first isolation circuit is in a bidirectional conductive state.
In this application, when the automobile electric system is operating normally, the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are both in on state, at this time, the current can pass through the MOS transistors in the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42, so that the excessive heat generated by the diodes in the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 caused when the high current occurs in the electric system is avoided.
In addition, since the grid electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the control side of the direct current converter, when voltage abrupt change occurs on one side of the direct current converter, the direct current converter can control the corresponding electronic switch, so that voltage between the first side and the second side of the direct current converter is isolated. For example, when the voltage at the 12V side provided by the first battery drops (for example, is lower than 12.5V) due to the start of the 12V electric equipment when the vehicle runs, the dc converter may send control signals to the first electronic switch and the gate of the MOS transistor of the first electronic switch, and both the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are controlled to be turned on, at this time, the voltage at 24V provided by the second battery is delivered to the 12V low-voltage side by the step-down function of the dc converter, so as to keep the 12.5V at the low-voltage side stably supplied; if the 12V power grid is disconnected by the load switch, reverse-4V voltage is generated, and after the direct current converter detects negative voltage, a control signal is sent to the grid electrode of the second electronic switch, so that the second electronic switch is turned off, and the-4V voltage at the low voltage side is not transmitted to the inside of the direct current converter and the high voltage 24V side.
Likewise, if the high voltage pulse generated by the 24V high voltage side coupling generated by the second battery 2 may also generate a high voltage higher than 15V to the low voltage side of the dc converter 3, when the dc converter 3 detects the high voltage, a control signal may be sent to the gate of the MOS transistor in the first electronic switch, so that the first electronic switch is controlled to be turned off, and then the high voltage will not be transferred to the low voltage side power grid.
In a specific embodiment, the second isolation circuit includes a first diode and a second diode;
the positive pole of the first diode is connected with the first end of the direct current converter, the negative pole of the first diode is connected with the negative pole of the second diode, and the positive pole of the second diode is connected with the first battery.
It should be noted that, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the dc converter, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode, and the positive electrode of the second diode is connected to the first battery in such a manner that the current on one side of the second isolation circuit 5 is blocked from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit 5.
Specifically, if a short circuit to ground fault occurs near the first battery 1 or near either side of the second battery 2, the first diode and the second diode are present, and the unidirectional conduction characteristics thereof cause the current generated by the first battery or the second battery not to flow from one side of the second isolation circuit 5 to the other side, thereby achieving the effect of short circuit protection. If the first diode and the second diode are not present, it may happen that the current on the side of the second isolation circuit 5 flows to the other side, and at this time the first battery 1 or the second battery 2 is directly grounded, so that no power can be supplied to the electrical equipment.
In a specific embodiment, the cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are both connected with one end of a fuse, and the other end of the fuse is connected with electric equipment.
It should be noted that, because the positive pole of the first diode is connected with the first end of the dc converter, the positive pole of the second diode is connected with the first battery, and the negative poles of the first diode and the second diode are both connected with one end of the fuse, the other end of the fuse is connected with the electric equipment, so that the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 can both supply power to the electric equipment through the diodes. For example, as shown in the circuit diagram of fig. 4, when the first electronic switch 41 has an open circuit fault, the electric energy generated by the second power supply 2 cannot be transmitted to the electric device, and the first power supply 1 can still normally supply power to the electric device due to the first diode and the second diode; similarly, when the second electronic switch 42 has an open circuit fault, the electric energy generated by the first power supply 1 cannot be transmitted to the electric equipment, and the second power supply 2 can still normally supply power to the electric equipment due to the presence of the first diode and the second diode; therefore, the running time of related electric appliances of the vehicle can be prolonged, so that the vehicle and a driver can take corresponding measures conveniently, emergency accidents caused by sudden power failure are avoided, and the safety of electric equipment such as an emergency data recording box and an automobile electric controller is ensured.
In a specific embodiment, the supply voltage of the first battery 1 is smaller than the supply voltage of the second battery.
Specifically, the first battery is a 12V power supply battery, the second battery 2 is a 24V power supply battery, and the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 are lithium batteries.
It should be noted that, according to the invention, the first battery 1 adopts a 12V lithium battery, the second battery 2 adopts a 24V lithium battery, and the 12V lithium battery is mainly connected with low-voltage power supply equipment and is used for supplying power to low-voltage electric equipment. The 24V lithium battery can be connected with a starter and a generator for starting the internal combustion engine so as to start the automobile, and mechanical energy is obtained through a front end driving system-driving belt pulley of the internal combustion engine, converted into 24V direct current and transmitted to the 24V lithium battery for storage; because the 12V lithium battery can be larger when power is lost at low temperature, the 12V lithium battery is difficult to be used as a starting power supply of a starter at low temperature, so that the invention can adopt the 24V lithium battery as the starting power supply of the starter, and the cost of the 12V lithium battery is lower, so that the 12V lithium battery can be used for supplying power to 12V electric equipment. The electric equipment in the invention can comprise an emergency event data record box EDR, a 12V electric equipment, an automobile electric control unit ECU (an electric controller is used for controlling a vehicle running-engine, a speed changer, a brake and the like), and the like.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the isolation action of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42, when the voltage mutation at one side of the direct current converter is detected, the corresponding first isolation device is turned off, so that the fluctuation voltage at one side of the direct current converter cannot influence the power grid at the other side of the direct current converter, and adverse influence of the power grid caused by electric appliances on the electric controller due to fluctuation is avoided. The second isolation circuit formed by the first diode and the second diode blocks the current on one side of the second isolation circuit from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit, thereby playing a role in short-circuit protection; and the unidirectional conduction effect of the first diode and the second diode can also supply power for the electric equipment by the first battery and the second battery, so that the electric safety of the electric equipment is ensured.
Example IV
Fig. 5 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the first isolation circuit in the system includes a third electronic switch 43, where one end of the third electronic switch 43 is connected to the first end of the dc converter 3, and the other end is connected to the first battery 1. The structure of the second isolation circuit 5 is identical to that of the second isolation circuit 5 in the third embodiment, and the second isolation circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, wherein the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the dc converter 3, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, and the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the first battery 1.
When only one third electronic switch 43 is provided in this embodiment, the current generated by the first battery 1 or the second battery 2 flows to the other side due to the orientation of the diode in the electronic switch. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode of the diode in the third electronic switch 43 is connected to the first battery 1, so that the current generated by the first battery 1 can flow to the dc converter 3 through the third electronic switch 43, and this connection can only protect the stable operation of the power supply side of the first battery 1. Likewise, if the positive electrode of the diode in the third electronic switch 43 is connected to the dc converter 3, the current generated by the second battery 2 can flow to the first battery 1 after passing through the dc converter 3, so that the stable operation of the dc converter 3 and the power supply side of the second battery 2 can be protected.
Example five
Fig. 6 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the first isolation circuit 4 in the system includes at least one fuse, one end of the fuse is connected to the first side of the dc converter 3, and the other end of the fuse is connected to the first battery 1, where the second isolation circuit 5 has a constant structure and includes a first diode and a second diode, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the dc converter 3, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode, and the positive electrode of the second diode is connected to the first battery 1.
The arrangement of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch is simplified, and the fuse is adopted to replace the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch, so that when a circuit fails, the fuse can be automatically disconnected when the circuit current is overlarge, the safety of the whole power grid is protected, and after the fuse is disconnected, the first battery and the second battery can still supply power for electric equipment through the first diode and the second diode.
Example six
Fig. 7 is a system architecture diagram of an automotive electrical system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the first isolation circuit in the system includes a first electronic switch 41 and a second electronic switch 42 connected in series; the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are connected in opposite directions to each other, and the scheme does not include a second isolation circuit.
As shown in fig. 7, the source electrode of the MOS transistor in the first electronic switch 41 is connected to the source electrode of the second electronic switch 42 and a plurality of fuses, and the other end of the fuses is connected to the electrical appliance; the drain electrode of the MOS transistor in the first electronic switch 41 is connected to the dc converter.
This embodiment can control the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 by the dc converter so that the fluctuating voltage on one side of the first isolation circuit 4 does not affect the other side of the first isolation circuit 4. And can also control the first power supply 1 or the second power supply 2 to supply power to a plurality of electric equipment.
The application also provides an embodiment of an automobile, the automobile comprises a starter, a generator and the automobile electrical system provided in the embodiment of the application, and the second battery is connected with the starter and the generator.
Specifically, the second battery 2 may be connected to a starter and a generator for starting the internal combustion engine to start the vehicle, and mechanical energy is obtained through a front end drive system-driving pulley of the internal combustion engine, converted into direct current, and transferred to the second battery 2 for storage.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An automotive electrical system, comprising: the vehicle electrical system comprises at least two batteries, wherein the at least two batteries comprise a first battery and a second battery, and the vehicle electrical system further comprises a direct current converter and a first isolation circuit;
a first end of the first isolation circuit is connected with the first battery, and a second end of the first isolation circuit is connected with a first side of the direct current converter; the second battery is connected with a second side of the direct current converter;
the first isolation circuit comprises at least one first isolation device, and is used for switching off the corresponding first isolation device when detecting that voltage mutation occurs on one side of the direct current converter, so that voltage between the first side and the second side of the direct current converter is isolated;
the automobile electrical system further comprises a second isolation circuit, wherein a first end of the second isolation circuit is connected with the first battery, a second end of the second isolation circuit is connected with the first side of the direct current converter, and a third end of the second isolation circuit is connected with a plurality of electric equipment;
the second isolation circuit comprises at least one second isolation device, and the second isolation device is used for blocking current on one side of the second isolation circuit from flowing into the other side of the second isolation circuit, and simultaneously enabling the first battery and the second battery to supply power to electric equipment through the second isolation device;
the second isolation circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode;
the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the direct current converter, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, and the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the first battery;
the cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are connected with one end of a fuse, and the other end of the fuse is connected with electric equipment;
the electric equipment comprises an emergency event data recording box EDR, a 12V electric appliance and an automobile electric controller ECU.
2. The automotive electrical system of claim 1, wherein the first isolation circuit comprises a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch in series; the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are connected in opposite directions.
3. The automotive electrical system of claim 2, wherein the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch each comprise a MOS transistor and a third diode, wherein a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a control side of the dc converter, a source is connected to an anode of the third diode, and a drain is connected to a cathode of the third diode.
4. The automotive electrical system of claim 1, wherein the first isolation circuit comprises a third electronic switch having one end connected to the first end of the dc converter and the other end connected to the first battery.
5. The automotive electrical system of claim 1, wherein the first isolation circuit comprises at least one fuse having one end connected to the first end of the dc converter and the other end connected to the first battery.
6. The automotive electrical system of claim 1, wherein a supply voltage of the first battery is less than a supply voltage of the second battery; the first battery is a 12V power supply battery, the second battery is a 24V power supply battery, and the first battery and the second battery are lithium batteries.
7. An automobile comprising a starter, a generator, and the automotive electrical system of any one of claims 1-6, the second battery connecting the starter and the generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210276772.2A CN114475484B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Automobile electrical system and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210276772.2A CN114475484B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Automobile electrical system and automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114475484A CN114475484A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114475484B true CN114475484B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
Family
ID=81487912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210276772.2A Active CN114475484B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Automobile electrical system and automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114475484B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115158015A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-11 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Power conversion device and electric automobile |
| WO2024065766A1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power supply circuit and control method therefor, electronic device, and vehicle |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014215615A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | On-board network for supplying a starter motor for a vehicle with a hybrid drive |
| CN108688592A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-23 | 奥迪股份公司 | The method of system, motor vehicle and operation coupling arrangement with high-tension battery and coupling arrangement |
| CN110176751A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-27 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Power supply control apparatus |
| CN211958857U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-17 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Automobile power supply system and automobile |
| CN112018750A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-01 | 风帆有限责任公司 | Vehicle-mounted dual-power supply system |
| US11171481B1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Dual-supply automotive electrical system with protection of motion control components |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2893770B1 (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2008-08-29 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT DEVICE OF A CONSUMER NETWORK FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE |
| US10855105B2 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-12-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Autonomous vehicle critical load backup |
-
2022
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210276772.2A patent/CN114475484B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014215615A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | On-board network for supplying a starter motor for a vehicle with a hybrid drive |
| CN108688592A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-23 | 奥迪股份公司 | The method of system, motor vehicle and operation coupling arrangement with high-tension battery and coupling arrangement |
| CN110176751A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-27 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Power supply control apparatus |
| CN211958857U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-17 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Automobile power supply system and automobile |
| CN112018750A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-01 | 风帆有限责任公司 | Vehicle-mounted dual-power supply system |
| US11171481B1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Dual-supply automotive electrical system with protection of motion control components |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114475484A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114475484B (en) | Automobile electrical system and automobile | |
| JP5541134B2 (en) | Power supply | |
| JP6215221B2 (en) | Vehicle power supply | |
| JP6260422B2 (en) | Battery unit | |
| CN103733381A (en) | Secure battery element | |
| CN105122568A (en) | Method for the controlled connection of a plurality of on-board power system branches of a vehicle, control unit for carrying out the method and on-board power system | |
| WO2014061137A1 (en) | Power supply management system and power supply management method | |
| CN104037460A (en) | Battery management system and switching method thereof | |
| JP2012517211A (en) | Highly reliable drive battery | |
| CN105915055B (en) | Voltage conversion device | |
| CN110641284A (en) | Low-voltage power supply management system for safety monitoring of power battery of electric automobile | |
| CN104125893A (en) | Device for connecting/disconnecting load for energy storage unit in automotive vehicle | |
| CN112751408A (en) | Power supply circuit and power supply method | |
| CN111801867A (en) | Battery connection for a vehicle electrical system | |
| JP2016187236A (en) | Battery system control device | |
| CN114302830A (en) | Battery system of a motor vehicle having a short-circuit device for triggering a fuse, method for operating a battery system, and motor vehicle | |
| WO2022166364A1 (en) | Power distribution system, control method for power distribution system, and new energy vehicle | |
| US20230238807A1 (en) | Power distribution module | |
| CN108736531A (en) | Power battery pack, composite power source, control method and vehicle | |
| CN115366833B (en) | Redundant power supply controller of mine unmanned vehicle | |
| CN206884948U (en) | A kind of anti-throw load device and a kind of school bus | |
| CN114243824A (en) | Electric automobile power management module, electric automobile and power management method | |
| JPH0424758Y2 (en) | ||
| CN211000942U (en) | Low-voltage power supply management system for safety monitoring of power battery of electric automobile | |
| JP6312474B2 (en) | Vehicle power supply system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |