CN114471769B - Cold crucible structure and melt experimental device using same - Google Patents
Cold crucible structure and melt experimental device using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114471769B CN114471769B CN202111654837.4A CN202111654837A CN114471769B CN 114471769 B CN114471769 B CN 114471769B CN 202111654837 A CN202111654837 A CN 202111654837A CN 114471769 B CN114471769 B CN 114471769B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009375 geological disposal Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/04—Crucibles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/005—Fusing
- B01J6/007—Fusing in crucibles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
- G21F9/305—Glass or glass like matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00011—Laboratory-scale plants
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold crucible structure and a melt experimental device using the same, comprising: the device comprises a storage bin, a circulating bin, a placement frame and a liquid discharging device; the circulating bin is arranged on the mounting frame, the storage bin is arranged on the circulating bin, the liquid discharging device is arranged in the storage bin and penetrates through the circulating bin, and an auxiliary device is arranged on the mounting frame and can assist the liquid discharging device to be opened and closed. When using the crucible to melt, will wait to melt the thing at first and put into put the thing storehouse in, put the thing storehouse and can melt waiting to melt the thing, can take the emission of melt through flowing back device when taking the melt, circulation storehouse can provide the circulating water of cooling usefulness for putting the thing storehouse to improve cooling efficiency, the setting frame adopts disconnect-type design can be convenient for maintain and clearance with circulation storehouse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold crucibles, in particular to a cold crucible structure and a melt experimental device applying the same.
Background
The immobilization of nuclear waste within a stable matrix to prevent radionuclide migration, followed by deep geological disposal is currently a widely accepted solution internationally, and solidification is considered the first important step in final disposal. In the fixation of nuclear waste, glass solidification is one of the most common solidification means, and is characterized in that a basic glass component and nuclear waste with a certain waste package capacity are mixed, melted at high temperature to form glass liquid, and then injected into a storage container to prepare a stable glass solidified body, so that radioactive nuclides are confined in the glass solidified body, and the requirement of preventing nuclide migration is met.
Engineering application of high-radioactivity waste glass solidification technology has been 40 years old, and is a mature technology in the field of nuclear waste solidification at present. The cold crucible technology is a new technology for high-level waste solidification research, is favorable for breaking through the safe storage and disposal of nuclear waste, is mainly applied abroad at present, is temporarily not applied to practical engineering in China due to technical blockade of implementation of the technology in China in foreign countries, and stays in a theoretical stage in most cases although research papers appear in the academic community. The main problem is that the continuous cooling efficiency of the cold crucible at the boundary of the melt is low, so that the formed solidified shell cannot be controlled, the melt can be prevented from leaking after the solidified shell is formed, but the problem is existed in the discharge of the melt, because the discharge port is easily blocked due to the overhigh temperature of the melt, and the probability condensation and blockage exist in the process of discharging the melt.
Therefore, there is a need for a cold crucible structure and a melt experimental apparatus employing the same that at least partially solve the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the invention is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cold crucible structure and a melt experimental apparatus using the same, including: the device comprises a storage bin, a circulating bin, a placement frame and a liquid discharging device; the circulating bin is arranged on the mounting frame, the storage bin is arranged on the circulating bin, the liquid discharging device is arranged in the storage bin and penetrates through the circulating bin, and an auxiliary device is arranged on the mounting frame and can assist the liquid discharging device to be opened and closed.
Preferably, the storage bin comprises a plurality of outer copper pipes and a plurality of inner copper pipes, the inner copper pipes are arranged in the outer copper pipes, the tops of the outer copper pipes are sealed through sealing rings, and the bottoms of the outer copper pipes and the inner copper pipes are communicated with the circulation bin.
Preferably, a separation sheet is arranged in the circulation bin, the separation sheet horizontally divides the circulation bin into a water inlet bin and a water outlet bin, the water inlet bin is positioned below the water outlet bin, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water inlet bin, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the water outlet bin, the lower end of the inner copper pipe penetrates through the separation sheet and is communicated with the water inlet bin, and the lower end of the outer copper pipe is communicated with the water outlet bin.
Preferably, the liquid draining device comprises a plugging assembly, an anti-plugging assembly and a condensation bin; the condensing bin is arranged at the inner bottom of the storage bin and penetrates through the circulating bin, and the outer wall of the condensing bin is connected with the inner wall of the outer copper pipe; the anti-blocking assembly penetrates through the top and the bottom of the condensation bin, the blocking assembly is arranged in the anti-blocking assembly, and the auxiliary device is movably connected with the blocking assembly.
Preferably, the condensation bin comprises a water supply bin and a water discharge bin; the water supply bin is internally provided with a water supply pipe, the water supply pipe penetrates through the water drain bin, and the bottom of the water drain bin is provided with a water drain pipe.
Preferably, the anti-blocking assembly comprises a heating pipe, a flame retardant pipe and a condensing pipe; the outer wall of heating pipe pass through fire-retardant pipe with the inner wall connection of condenser pipe, the condenser pipe runs through the condensation storehouse, be provided with a plurality of first induction coil in the fire-retardant pipe, the shutoff subassembly sets up on the inner wall of heating pipe, the opening diameter at heating pipe top is greater than the opening diameter of bottom, be provided with the metal ring in the shutoff subassembly.
Preferably, the plugging assembly comprises a drill bit and a sealing post; the drill bit is arranged at the top of the sealing column, an impact groove is formed in the bottom of the sealing column, a pin is arranged at the inner top of the impact groove and penetrates into the drill bit, and the sealing column is connected with the drill bit through the pin; the impact groove is internally provided with a piston, the auxiliary device is movably connected with the bottom surface of the piston, the outer wall of the sealing column is provided with a clamping table, the auxiliary device is movably connected with the clamping table, and the metal ring is arranged in the sealing column and surrounds the impact groove.
Preferably, the auxiliary device comprises a shock rod, a fixed rod and a reciprocating motor, wherein the shock rod is arranged on the fixed rod and corresponds to the position of the piston, the reciprocating motor is arranged on the rest frame, the shock rod is connected with the reciprocating motor through the fixed rod, and the reciprocating motor can drive the shock rod to translate up and down through the fixed rod and can rotate in a reciprocating manner by taking the central axis of the shock rod as a rotating shaft.
The melt experimental device adopting the cold crucible structure is characterized by comprising the cold crucible, a shell, a feeder, a second induction coil and a temperature measuring and regulating assembly; the cold crucible is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell, the second induction coil is arranged at the periphery of the storage bin, the feeder is arranged at the top of the shell, the feeder feeds raw materials into the storage bin through a material guide pipe, the temperature-measuring temperature-regulating component is arranged at the top of the shell, and the temperature-measuring temperature-regulating component can move between the outer wall of the storage bin and the inner wall of the second induction coil.
Preferably, the temperature measuring and regulating assembly comprises a shielding cover, a position regulating device and an argon blowing assembly;
the position adjusting device is arranged at the top of the shell;
the position adjusting device comprises a bearing seat, a plurality of supporting plates, a plurality of transmission rods and a plurality of mounting tables; the bearing seat is arranged on the shell, the supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat and is positioned at two sides of the bearing seat, the bearing seat is provided with a lifting motor, one end of the transmission rod is arranged on the supporting plate and is connected with the supporting plate through a shaft, the lifting motor is connected with a connecting shaft between the supporting plate and the transmission rod through a gear, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with the top shaft of the mounting table, and the shielding cover is arranged on the mounting table;
the argon blowing assembly comprises a supporting assembly, a rotating motor, a telescopic pipe and a nozzle;
the upper end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the support assembly, the other end of the telescopic pipe penetrates through and extends to the lower part of the bearing seat, and the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic pipe;
the rotating motor is connected with the bearing seat through a gear;
the support component is internally provided with a telescopic motor, an air supply device and an infrared thermometer; the telescopic motor is connected with the upper end of the telescopic tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the cold crucible structure, when the crucible is used for melting, firstly, the object to be melted is placed in the object placing bin, the object placing bin can melt the object to be melted, when the object to be melted is taken, the liquid discharging device can discharge and take the object to be melted, the circulating bin can provide circulating water for cooling for the object placing bin, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, the installation frame and the circulating bin can be conveniently maintained and cleaned by adopting a separated design, and when the pressure of the object to be melted is too high or the liquid discharging device is blocked, the liquid discharging device can be assisted to be opened and closed by the auxiliary device, so that the object placing bin is prevented from being blocked by the object to be discharged.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cold crucible structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an anti-blocking assembly in a cold crucible structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a plugging assembly in the cold crucible structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a closing assembly in a cold crucible structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a melt experimental apparatus using the cold crucible structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a temperature measuring and adjusting assembly in a melt experimental device using the cold crucible structure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a temperature measuring and regulating assembly in a melt experimental apparatus using the cold crucible structure.
In the figure: 1 storage bin, 101 outer copper pipe, 102 inner copper pipe, 2 circulation bin, 21 separation sheet, 22 water inlet bin, 221 water inlet pipe, 23 water outlet bin, 231 water outlet pipe, 3 setting frame, 4 plugging component, 41 drill bit, 42 sealing column, 43 pin, 44 piston, 45 metal ring, 5 anti-blocking component, 51 heating pipe, 52 fire-retardant pipe, 521 first induction coil, 53 condensing pipe, 6 condensation bin, 61 water inlet bin, 611 water inlet pipe, 62 water outlet bin, 621 water outlet pipe, 7 auxiliary device, 71 impact rod, 72 fixed rod, 73 reciprocating motor, 8 shell, 9 feeder, 10 second induction coil, 11 shielding cover, 12 position adjusting device, 121 bearing seat, 122 supporting plate, 123 driving rod, 124 mounting table, 125 lifting motor, 13 argon blowing component, 131 supporting component, 132 rotating motor, 133 telescopic pipe, 134 nozzle.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a cold crucible structure and a melt experimental apparatus using the same, comprising: the device comprises a storage bin 1, a circulating bin 2, a placement frame 3 and a liquid discharging device; the circulating bin 2 is arranged on the placement frame 3, the storage bin 1 is arranged on the circulating bin 2, the liquid discharging device is arranged in the storage bin 1 and penetrates through the circulating bin 2, an auxiliary device 7 is arranged on the placement frame 3, and the auxiliary device 7 can assist in opening and closing of the liquid discharging device.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, when using the crucible to melt, at first put into put thing storehouse 1 with waiting the fuse-element, put thing storehouse 1 and can melt waiting the fuse-element, can take through the emission of drain when taking the fuse-element, circulation storehouse 2 can provide the circulating water of cooling usefulness for putting thing storehouse 1 to improve cooling efficiency, arrangement frame 3 and circulation storehouse 2 adopt disconnect-type design can be convenient for maintain and clear up, when fuse-element pressure is too big or drain blocks up and can't discharge the fuse-element smoothly, can assist drain to open and close through auxiliary device 7, thereby avoid the fuse-element to put the stifled unable emission of dying of thing storehouse 1.
In one embodiment, the storage bin 1 comprises a plurality of outer copper pipes 101 and a plurality of inner copper pipes 102, the inner copper pipes 102 are arranged in the outer copper pipes 101, the top of the outer copper pipes 101 is sealed through a sealing ring, and the bottoms of the outer copper pipes 101 and the inner copper pipes 102 are communicated with the circulation bin 2.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of the structure, the storage bin 1 is formed by a plurality of outer copper pipes 101 which are arranged in a circular cylinder shape along the circumferential direction, the tops of the outer copper pipes 101 are connected and fixed together through sealing rings, the gap parts of the adjacent outer copper pipes 101 are filled with refractory materials, the inner copper pipes 102 are inserted into the outer copper pipes 101, circulating water in the circulating bin 2 enters from the bottoms of the inner copper pipes 102 and enters the outer copper pipes 101 from the tops of the inner copper pipes 102, gaps are reserved between the tops of the inner copper pipes 102 and the tops of the outer copper pipes 101 and used for communication between the inner copper pipes 102 and the outer copper pipes 101, and the circulating water returns from the bottoms of the outer copper pipes 101 to the circulating bin 2 to finish circulation of the cooling water.
In one embodiment, a separation sheet 21 is disposed in the circulation bin 2, the separation sheet 21 horizontally separates the circulation bin 2 into a water inlet bin 22 and a water outlet bin 23, the water inlet bin 22 is located below the water outlet bin 23, a water inlet pipe 221 is disposed on the water inlet bin 22, a water outlet pipe 231 is disposed on the water outlet bin 23, the lower end of the inner copper pipe 102 penetrates through the separation sheet 21 and is communicated with the water inlet bin 22, and the lower end of the outer copper pipe 101 is communicated with the water outlet bin 23.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, circulation storehouse 2 is divided into water inlet bin 22 and play water storehouse 23 by the separation sheet 21, and the circulating water is full of water inlet bin 22 after entering from inlet tube 221 to carry out cooling for the play water storehouse 23 of top, the circulating water can enter into interior copper pipe 102 from water inlet bin 22, then enter into play water storehouse 23 after absorbing heat via outer copper pipe 101, the circulating water in play water storehouse 23 can be continuously cooled by water inlet bin 22 of below, thereby can accelerate the cooling efficiency of the circulating water in play water storehouse 23, and then make the circulating water can drop the temperature fast so that be used for subsequent circulation.
In one embodiment, the liquid draining device comprises a plugging assembly 4, an anti-blocking assembly 5 and a condensation bin 6; the condensation bin 6 is arranged at the inner bottom of the storage bin 1 and penetrates through the circulation bin 2, and the outer wall of the condensation bin 6 is connected with the inner wall of the outer copper pipe 101; the anti-blocking assembly 5 penetrates through the top and the bottom of the condensation bin 6, the blocking assembly 4 is arranged in the anti-blocking assembly 5, and the auxiliary device 7 is movably connected with the anti-blocking assembly 5.
The condensation bin 6 comprises an upper water bin 61 and a lower water bin 62; the water supply pipe 611 is disposed in the water supply bin 61, the water supply pipe 611 penetrates through the water drain bin 62, and the water drain pipe 621 is disposed at the bottom of the water drain bin 62.
The anti-blocking assembly 5 comprises a heating pipe 51, a flame retardant pipe 52 and a condensing pipe 53; the outer wall of heating pipe 51 pass through fire-retardant pipe 52 with the inner wall connection of condenser pipe 53, condenser pipe 53 runs through condensation storehouse 6, be provided with first induction coil 521 in the fire-retardant pipe 52, shutoff subassembly 4 sets up on the inner wall of heating pipe 51, the opening diameter at heating pipe 51 top is greater than the opening diameter of bottom, be provided with metal ring 45 in the shutoff subassembly 4.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of the structure, the molten material in the storage bin 1 is condensed through the condensation bin 6 at the place contacted with the liquid discharging device, so that the condensation shell is formed to protect the liquid discharging device, circulating water can cool the molten material at the bottom of the storage bin 1 opposite to the upper water bin 61, so that the condensation shell can be generated, the circulating water after heat absorption can enter the lower water bin 62 and is discharged through the lower water pipe 621, the lower water bin 62 is cooled by the circulating water inside the upper water bin 61, so that the cooling efficiency of the circulating water is improved, the plugging assembly 4 is arranged inside the anti-blocking assembly 5, the molten material can be plugged, leakage is avoided, when the molten material is discharged, the first induction coil 521 is electrified to electromagnetically heat the metal ring 45 and the heating pipe 51 in the plugging assembly 4, so that the condensation shell at the joint of the plugging assembly 4 and the heating pipe 51 is melted, the plugging assembly 4 is prevented from being opened, the auxiliary device 7 can drive the plugging assembly 4 to move, so that the plugging assembly 4 is loosened, and the melting efficiency of the condensation shell on the plugging assembly is accelerated.
In one embodiment, the plugging assembly 4 includes a drill bit 41 and a sealing post 42; the drill bit 41 is arranged at the top of the sealing column 42, an impact groove is formed in the bottom of the sealing column 42, a pin 43 is arranged at the inner top in the impact groove, the pin 43 penetrates into the drill bit 41, and the sealing column 42 is connected with the drill bit 41 through the pin 43; the impact groove is internally provided with a piston 44, the auxiliary device 7 is movably connected with the bottom surface of the piston 44, the outer wall of the sealing column 42 is provided with a clamping table, the auxiliary device 7 is movably connected with the clamping table, and the metal ring 45 is arranged in the sealing column 42 and surrounds the impact groove. The auxiliary device 7 comprises an impact rod 71, a fixed rod 72 and a reciprocating motor 73, wherein the impact rod 71 is arranged on the fixed rod 72 and corresponds to the position of the piston 44, the reciprocating motor 73 is arranged on the mounting frame 3, the impact rod 71 is connected with the reciprocating motor 73 through the fixed rod 72, and the reciprocating motor 73 can drive the impact rod 71 to translate up and down through the fixed rod 72 and rotate back and forth by taking the central axis of the impact rod 71 as a rotating shaft.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of the structure, when the auxiliary device 7 assists the plugging assembly 4 to move, the reciprocating motor 73 drives the impact rod 71 to move through the fixed rod 72, when the impact rod 71 moves up and down, the plug on the reciprocating motor enters the impact groove of the sealing post 42 to impact the piston 44, the piston 44 displaces under the action of the impact rod 71 and compresses air between the piston 44 and the top of the impact groove to generate pressure, the pressure can enable the piston 44 to perform deceleration and vibration damping treatment, the sealing post 42 is pushed to move upwards under the reaction force, when the impact rod 71 moves downwards, the piston 44 moves downwards along with the impact rod 71 under the action of air pressure and exceeds the static position of the piston under the action of inertia and negative pressure generated by the impact rod 71, so that the negative pressure is generated between the piston 44 and the impact groove to drive the sealing post 42 to return, thereby the sealing column 42 is vibrated up and down, and looseness is generated between the sealing column 42 and the heating pipe 51, a clamping groove which is matched with the clamping table is also arranged on the plug of the impact rod 71, when the impact rod 71 is inserted into the impact groove, the clamping groove is clamped with the clamping table, the reciprocating motor 73 drives the fixing rod 72 to rotate by taking the impact rod 71 as an axis, when the impact rod 71 moves down to separate the clamping groove from the clamping table, the reciprocating motor 73 drives the fixing rod 72 to rotate back to the original position, thereby the drill bit 41 can be driven to rotate when the sealing column 42 vibrates relative to the heating pipe 51, and the breaking of the solidified shell is accelerated, because the solidified shell always gives the downward pressure to the drill bit 41 under the pressure of the melt, the drill bit 41 only needs to rotate, the solidified shell can be broken, the plugging component 4 can be jacked into the melt and heated and melted after the solidified shell is broken again, the whole plugging assembly 4 is supported by sintered high-temperature oxide and can be heated and melted after breaking the solidified shell under the action of the auxiliary device 7.
The melt experimental device adopting the cold crucible structure is characterized by comprising the cold crucible, a shell 8, a feeder 9, a second induction coil 10 and a temperature measuring and regulating assembly; the cold crucible is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell 8, the second induction coil 10 is arranged at the periphery of the storage bin 1, the feeder 9 is arranged at the top of the shell 8, the feeder 9 feeds raw materials into the storage bin 1 through a material guide pipe, the temperature-measuring temperature-regulating component is arranged at the top of the shell 8 and can move between the outer wall of the storage bin 1 and the inner wall of the second induction coil 10.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, when carrying out the melt experiment, the material is from feeder 9 through the material pipe get into in cold crucible put thing storehouse 1, then can carry out electromagnetic heating to the material in the thing storehouse 1 through second induction coil 10, thereby can shelter from the region of electromagnetic heating to second induction coil 10 through temperature measurement tempering subassembly after letting the melt, simultaneously can also carry out the temperature measurement to the melt to carry out temperature control, cold crucible adopts the convenient maintenance of integral structure, and cold crucible can assist through auxiliary device 7 and carry out the emission of melt. The vitrification treatment of radioactive waste can be realized by the experimental device, namely, the radioactive waste after calcination (generally in the form of oxide) is mixed with a glass forming agent and then put into a crucible for smelting, and finally, the continuous treatment is realized by releasing the melt. The method can also simulate the interaction between the high-temperature liquid melt jet and the containment vessel (the liquid high-temperature melting is released through a liquid discharging device to form liquid impact high-temperature-resistant cement (simulate the containment vessel), and simulate the erosion test of the reactor core melt on the containment vessel.
In one embodiment, the temperature measuring and regulating assembly comprises a shielding cover 11, a position regulating device 12 and an argon blowing assembly 13;
the position adjusting device 12 is arranged at the top of the shell 8;
the position adjusting device 12 comprises a bearing seat 121, a plurality of supporting plates 122, a plurality of transmission rods 123 and a plurality of mounting tables 124; the bearing seat 121 is arranged on the shell 8, the supporting plate 122 is arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat 121 and is positioned at two sides of the bearing seat 121, the bearing seat 121 is provided with a lifting motor 125, one end of the transmission rod 123 is arranged on the supporting plate 122 and is connected with the supporting plate 122 through a shaft, the lifting motor 125 is connected with a connecting shaft between the supporting plate 122 and the transmission rod 123 through a gear, the other end of the transmission rod 123 is connected with the top shaft of the mounting table 124, and the shielding cover 11 is arranged on the mounting table 124;
the argon blowing assembly 13 comprises a support assembly 131, a rotating motor 132, a telescopic tube 133 and a nozzle 134;
the upper end of the telescopic tube 133 is connected with the supporting component 131, the other end of the telescopic tube 133 penetrates through and extends to the lower part of the bearing seat 121, and the nozzle 134 is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic tube 133;
the rotating motor 132 is connected with the bearing seat 121 through a gear;
a telescopic motor, an air supply device and an infrared thermometer are arranged in the support assembly 131; the telescopic motor is connected to the upper end of the telescopic tube 133.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: through the design of the structure, when the temperature is regulated, the lifting motor 125 on the position regulating device 12 drives the connecting end of the transmission rod 123 and the supporting plate 122 to rotate through the gear, the transmission rod 123 and the supporting plate 122 adopt a shaft connection mode, when the connecting end of the transmission rod 123 is driven to rotate by the gear, the other end of the transmission rod 123 drives the mounting table 124 on the transmission rod 123 to displace, because the transmission rod 123 and the mounting table 124 adopt a shaft connection mode, the mounting table 124 is provided with the shielding cover 11 again, the mounting table 124 keeps the stress of the shielding cover 11 downwards all the time under the action of gravity, when the transmission rod 123 drives the mounting table 124 to move, the shielding cover 11 on the mounting table moves in the vertical direction, the electromagnetic heating area of the second induction coil 10 changes, and when the rotating motor 132 drives the bearing seat 121 to rotate, the shielding area of the shielding cover 11 can also be changed, and further, when the thickness of a hard shell of a molten product is controlled, the thickness of the shielding cover 11 is controlled through controlling the lifting and the coverage area of the shielding cover 11; the interaction between the liquid metal melt and the melt can be simulated by controlling the elevation and coverage area of the shield 11 to control the position and thickness of the skull and then adding the metal charge using the feeder 9 and melting the metal using the upward flow of heat from the melt. In order to accurately measure the temperature of the melting tank and related thermophysical parameters, the telescopic pipe 133 can be controlled to stretch through the supporting component 131, the position of the nozzle 134 is adjusted, an air supply device in the supporting component 131 can convey argon, aerosol generated in the melting process can be blown away, the interference of the aerosol to an infrared thermometer in the supporting component 131 is reduced, the steady-state heat balance of melting can be studied by matching with a temperature flow monitoring system, the telescopic pipe 133 adopts a hollow pipe capable of carrying out circulating water cooling, and cooling circulation can be carried out in the telescopic pipe 133 when argon blowing is carried out, so that the temperature of the argon blowing component 13 is reduced.
In one embodiment, in the experimental device, since the material is required to be continuously added through the feeder 9, in order to avoid the situation that the rest frame 3 is damaged by falling off from the shell 8 due to excessive material addition, a gravity sensing device is required to be arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 1, and then the formula is passed
Calculating the limit load F of the placement frame 3, wherein S is the contact area between the placement frame 3 and the shell 8; g is gravity acceleration; ρ 1 For the density of the placement frame 3; h is the thickness of the joint of the placement frame 3 and the storage bin 1; ρ 0 For the density of the connecting pieces of the placement frame 3 and the housing 8, bolts are generally adopted, namely the density of the bolts; b is the length of a welding line at the joint of the placement frame 3 and the storage bin 1; k (K) 1 Is the rated compressive strength of the placement frame 3;
poisson's ratio for the rest 3; />
Is the rated safety factor of the placement frame 3; k (K) 0 Is the rated compressive strength of the bolt; />
Poisson's ratio for the bolt; />
The safety coefficient is the rated safety coefficient of the bolt; j is the shear force applied to the placement frame 3 and can be calculated by the formula
Calculating, wherein m is a detection value of the gravity sensing device; ρ is the density of the melt; v is the flow rate of the melt; d is the diameter of the material guiding pipe; t is the discharge time of the melt.
The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: because this experimental apparatus needs to be continuously added the melt when carrying out the melting experiment, or need to be continuously fed in the production of carrying out the nuclear waste vitrification, in order to avoid that the crucible is overweight and causes the experimental apparatus to collapse and damage, it is necessary to calculate its shearing force according to the joint strength between the settling frame 3 and the shell 8 first, then the calculated value is substituted into formula to calculate the limit load of the settling frame 3 against the storage bin 1, and record the obtained limit value in gravity sensing device, report an alarm when the load on the settling frame 3 approaches the limit load, and remind the staff to stop feeding and timely discharge of the melt, because still there is circulation bin 2 in cold crucible and circulating water can be filled therein, so should be when setting up the limit value of alarm after the limit load has been calculated, the load of circulation bin 2 can be discharged from the time of water inlet pipe 221, calculate the time when circulating water flows out from outlet pipe 231, and convert through the flow of circulating water, thereby can guarantee that the condition that can not appear under the circumstances that melt experimental apparatus can normally run, thereby the melt is caused by the overload, and the mass of the melt is more accurate to be recorded by the overload safety accident can be carried out to the real-time monitoring device.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A cold crucible structure, comprising: the device comprises a storage bin (1), a circulating bin (2), a placement frame (3) and a liquid discharge device; the circulating bin (2) is arranged on the placement frame (3), the storage bin (1) is arranged on the circulating bin (2), the liquid discharging device is arranged in the storage bin (1) and penetrates through the circulating bin (2), an auxiliary device (7) is arranged on the placement frame (3), and the auxiliary device (7) can assist in opening and closing of the liquid discharging device;
the storage bin (1) comprises a plurality of outer copper pipes (101) and a plurality of inner copper pipes (102);
the liquid draining device comprises a plugging assembly (4), an anti-plugging assembly (5) and a condensation bin (6); the condensation bin (6) is arranged at the inner bottom of the storage bin (1) and penetrates through the circulation bin (2), and the outer wall of the condensation bin (6) is connected with the inner wall of the outer copper pipe (101); the anti-blocking assembly (5) penetrates through the top and the bottom of the condensation bin (6), the blocking assembly (4) is arranged in the anti-blocking assembly (5), and the auxiliary device (7) is movably connected with the blocking assembly (4);
the plugging assembly (4) comprises a drill bit (41), a sealing column (42) and a metal ring (45); the drill bit (41) is arranged at the top of the sealing column (42), an impact groove is formed in the bottom of the sealing column (42), a pin (43) is arranged at the inner top in the impact groove, the pin (43) penetrates into the drill bit (41), and the sealing column (42) is connected with the drill bit (41) through the pin (43); the impact groove is internally provided with a piston (44), the auxiliary device (7) is movably connected with the bottom surface of the piston (44), the outer wall of the sealing column (42) is provided with a clamping table, the auxiliary device (7) is movably connected with the clamping table, and the metal ring (45) is arranged in the sealing column (42) and surrounds the impact groove
The auxiliary device (7) comprises an impact rod (71), a fixed rod (72) and a reciprocating motor (73), wherein the impact rod (71) is arranged on the fixed rod (72) and corresponds to the position of the piston (44), the reciprocating motor (73) is arranged on the placement frame (3), the impact rod (71) is connected with the reciprocating motor (73) through the fixed rod (72), and the reciprocating motor (73) can drive the impact rod (71) to translate up and down and rotate back and forth by taking the central axis of the impact rod (71) as a rotating shaft.
2. The cold crucible structure according to claim 1, wherein the inner copper tube (102) is disposed inside the outer copper tube (101), the top of the outer copper tube (101) is sealed by a sealing ring, and the bottoms of the outer copper tube (101) and the inner copper tube (102) are both communicated with the circulation bin (2).
3. The cold crucible structure according to claim 2, wherein a separation sheet (21) is arranged in the circulation bin (2), the separation sheet (21) is horizontally arranged to separate the circulation bin (2) into a water inlet bin (22) and a water outlet bin (23), the water inlet bin (22) is positioned below the water outlet bin (23), a water inlet pipe (221) is arranged on the water inlet bin (22), a water outlet pipe (231) is arranged on the water outlet bin (23), the lower end of the inner copper pipe (102) penetrates through the separation sheet (21) and is communicated with the water inlet bin (22), and the lower end of the outer copper pipe (101) is communicated with the water outlet bin (23).
4. Cold crucible structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation chamber (6) comprises a water-up chamber (61) and a water-down chamber (62); the water supply bin (61) is internally provided with a water supply pipe (611), the water supply pipe (611) penetrates through the water drain bin (62), and the bottom of the water drain bin (62) is provided with a water drain pipe (621).
5. Cold crucible structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-blocking assembly (5) comprises a heating pipe (51), a flame-retardant pipe (52) and a condensation pipe (53); the outer wall of heating pipe (51) pass through fire-retardant pipe (52) with the inner wall connection of condenser pipe (53), condenser pipe (53) run through condensation storehouse (6), be provided with first induction coil (521) in fire-retardant pipe (52), shutoff subassembly (4) set up on the inner wall of heating pipe (51), the opening diameter at heating pipe (51) top is greater than the opening diameter of bottom.
6. Melt experiment device using the cold crucible structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the cold crucible, a housing (8), a feeder (9), a second induction coil (10), a temperature measuring and regulating assembly; the cold crucible is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell (8), the second induction coil (10) is arranged at the periphery of the storage bin (1), the feeder (9) is arranged at the top of the shell (8), the feeder (9) is used for feeding raw materials into the storage bin (1) through a material guide pipe, the temperature-measuring temperature-regulating component is arranged at the top of the shell (8) and can move between the outer wall of the storage bin (1) and the inner wall of the second induction coil (10);
the temperature measuring and regulating assembly comprises a shielding cover (11), a position regulating device (12) and an argon blowing assembly (13);
the position adjusting device (12) is arranged at the top of the shell (8);
the position adjusting device (12) comprises a bearing seat (121), a plurality of supporting plates (122), a plurality of transmission rods (123) and a plurality of mounting tables (124); the bearing seat (121) is arranged on the shell (8), the supporting plate (122) is arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat (121) and is positioned at two sides of the bearing seat (121), the bearing seat (121) is provided with a lifting motor (125), one end of the transmission rod (123) is arranged on the supporting plate (122) and is connected with the supporting plate (122) through a shaft, the lifting motor (125) is connected with a connecting shaft between the supporting plate (122) and the transmission rod (123) through a gear, the other end of the transmission rod (123) is connected with the top shaft of the mounting table (124), and the shielding cover (11) is arranged on the mounting table (124);
the argon blowing assembly (13) comprises a supporting assembly (131), a rotating motor (132), a telescopic pipe (133) and a nozzle (134);
the upper end of the telescopic tube (133) is connected with the supporting component (131), the other end of the telescopic tube (133) penetrates through and extends to the lower part of the bearing seat (121), and the nozzle (134) is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic tube (133);
the rotating motor (132) is connected with the bearing seat (121) through a gear;
a telescopic motor, an air supply device and an infrared thermometer are arranged in the support assembly (131); the telescopic motor is connected with the upper end of the telescopic tube (133).
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| CN107606946A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-19 | 睿为电子材料（天津）有限公司 | The apparatus and method that a kind of high-frequency plasma starts fusing in cold crucible |
| CN110391030B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2023-12-15 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Partitioned crucible melt out-of-pile catcher |
| CN112430799A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-02 | 埃特曼(深圳)半导体技术有限公司 | Thermal evaporation crucible and thermal evaporation device |
| CN113327695A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-31 | 深圳市赛迈特新材料有限公司 | Testing device with electromagnetic shielding function and capable of releasing melt |
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