CN114469039B - Heart rate sensor and heart rate value calculation method - Google Patents
Heart rate sensor and heart rate value calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114469039B CN114469039B CN202210127911.5A CN202210127911A CN114469039B CN 114469039 B CN114469039 B CN 114469039B CN 202210127911 A CN202210127911 A CN 202210127911A CN 114469039 B CN114469039 B CN 114469039B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02438—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heart rate sensors, in particular to a heart rate sensor which comprises an acceleration sensor, a control module and a data processing module. The heart rate belt has the advantages that the conductive electrode and other heart rate detection modules do not need to be arranged to detect the electrocardiosignals, the resistance of the heart rate belt can be influenced due to the fact that the sweat is produced by the human body and the external interference is not easy, the transmission of the electrocardiosignals is influenced, accurate heart rate calculation is influenced, and the practicability is high. In addition, the invention also provides a heart rate value calculation method based on the heart rate sensor, and the calculation method is simple and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heart rate sensors, in particular to a heart rate sensor and a heart rate value calculation method.
Background
The traditional heart rate belt is used for detecting the heart rate by an electrocardio monitoring instrument, and the heart rate numerical calculation is realized by collecting the electrocardio signals of a human body and identifying the heart beat according to the waveform of the signals. However, the conductive electrode is required to be manufactured on the heart rate belt, the manufacturing process of the heart rate belt is complex, and the cost is high. When the human body sweats, the resistance of the heart rate belt is changed after the heart rate belt is soaked by sweat, so that the transmission of electrocardiosignals is affected, and the heart rate numerical calculation is inaccurate. In addition, the traditional heart rate belt cannot accurately measure the heart rate of a person provided with a cardiac pacemaker. Therefore, the current heart rate detection method is complex and is easy to be interfered by various uncontrollable conditions such as myoelectricity interference, motion interference, electrode contact interference, external electric equipment interference and the like, and further improvement is needed in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heart rate sensor and a heart rate value calculating method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
on the one hand, the invention provides a heart rate sensor, which comprises acceleration sensors and a control module, wherein the acceleration sensors are arranged at two sides and are provided with gaps, and the acceleration sensors are arranged at the same side of a heart and collect acceleration data generated by human heart beating and human movement; the control module is electrically connected with the acceleration sensors, and configures the two acceleration sensors to the same working state; and the control module performs coupling processing and filtering processing on the two acceleration data to obtain heart rate values.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the control module is set as an MCU micro-control unit.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a heart rate value calculation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, a standby state; setting two acceleration sensors positioned on one side of a heart to be in a low-frequency working state; if the difference value of two adjacent data of any acceleration sensor is larger than a set threshold value, the heart rate sensor is automatically switched to a normal working state;
step two, setting a working state; the control module sets the two acceleration sensors to be in a high-frequency working state with the same configuration;
step three, data acquisition; the acceleration sensors mainly collect acceleration data generated by heart beating and human body movement, wherein the two different acceleration data are obtained due to different distances between the two acceleration sensors and the heart, namely acceleration data I and acceleration data II;
step four, data processing analysis; coupling and filtering the acceleration data I and the acceleration data II obtained in the third step to obtain acceleration waveform data caused by heartbeat, and finally extracting the frequency and peak value of the obtained waveform data to obtain heart rate values;
step five, ending the working state judgment; when the difference value between the current value and the previous value of any one acceleration sensor is smaller than the set threshold value and is kept for a certain time, the control module judges that the heart rate sensor is taken down, and the work is ended and the heart rate sensor enters a standby state.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the acceleration sensors in the first step are all arranged on the same side of the heart and are positioned on the same horizontal line with the heart.
Based on the technical scheme, the data acquisition in the step three is mainly to collect the change of the acceleration value in the direction vertical to the acceleration sensor, namely the Z axis.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the data processing in the fourth step is to subtract the Z-axis value in the acceleration data I and the acceleration data II, so that the translational motion noise of the human body is eliminated, and meanwhile, the acceleration data caused by heart beating and human body rotation are reserved, so that data III is obtained.
Based on the technical scheme, the data III is subjected to band-pass filtering in the fourth step, acceleration data change caused by human body rotation motion is eliminated, and heart rate waveforms are obtained after filtering.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heart rate measuring device is simple in structure, only the two acceleration sensors are used for collecting heart beat of a human body and heart beat acceleration data generated in the motion process on a common heart rate belt, and then the heart rate value is indirectly calculated by carrying out coupling processing and filtering processing on the data of the two acceleration sensors. The heart rate belt has the advantages that the conductive electrode and other heart rate detection modules do not need to be arranged to detect the electrocardiosignals, the resistance of the heart rate belt can be influenced due to the fact that the sweat is produced by the human body and the external interference is not easy, the transmission of the electrocardiosignals is influenced, accurate heart rate calculation is influenced, and the practicability is high. In addition, the invention also provides a heart rate value calculation method based on the heart rate sensor, and the calculation method is simple and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic waveform of acceleration data I according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic waveform of acceleration data II according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic waveform diagram of the velocity data I subtracted from the acceleration data II;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the centering rate values of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
in the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in one aspect, the invention provides a heart rate sensor, which comprises acceleration sensors and a control module, wherein the acceleration sensors are provided with two gaps and are arranged on the same side of a heart, and the acceleration sensors are all arranged on the same side of the heart and collect acceleration data generated by human heart beating and human body movement; the control module is electrically connected with the acceleration sensors, and configures the two acceleration sensors to the same working state; and the control module performs coupling processing and filtering processing on the two acceleration data to obtain heart rate values. Wherein the acceleration sensor is available from the prior art, and in particular the acceleration sensor model LIS2DH12 can be used. Specifically, the bandpass frequency of the bandpass filtering in the invention is 7Hz-20Hz.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the control module is set as an MCU micro-control unit.
The heart rate measuring device is simple in structure, only the two acceleration sensors are used for collecting heart beat of a human body and heart beat acceleration data generated in the motion process on a common heart rate belt, and then the heart rate value is indirectly calculated by carrying out coupling processing and filtering processing on the data of the two acceleration sensors. The heart rate sensor has the advantages that the conductive electrode and other heart rate detection modules do not need to be arranged to detect the electrocardiosignals, and the resistance of the heart rate sensor can be influenced due to the fact that the resistance is not easily interfered by the outside, such as sweat generated by a human body, and the transmission of the electrocardiosignals can be influenced, so that accurate heart rate calculation is influenced, and the heart rate sensor is high in practicality.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a heart rate value calculation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, a standby state; setting two acceleration sensors positioned on one side of a heart to be in a low-frequency working state; if the difference value of two adjacent data of any acceleration sensor is larger than a set threshold value, the heart rate sensor is automatically switched to a normal working state;
on the basis of the technical scheme, the acceleration sensors in the first step are all arranged on the same side of the heart and are positioned on the same horizontal line with the heart. The wearing positions of the two acceleration sensors are as shown in fig. 2, namely, the acceleration sensors are arranged on one side of the heart level; rather than on both sides of the heart symmetry, because the influence of the beating of the heart on the two acceleration sensors is relatively close when the acceleration sensors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heart, resulting in the eventual inability to calculate the heart rate.
Step two, setting a working state; the control module sets the two acceleration sensors to be in a high-frequency working state with the same configuration; the high-frequency or low-frequency operation state refers to the number of samples output per second by the acceleration sensor. Wherein the low frequency operating state: the acceleration sensor has low sampling frequency (lower than 1 Hz), low power consumption mainly for saving electricity, the state mainly for detecting wearing information, and if the numerical value difference between the two sampling is larger, the heart rate belt is judged to be successfully worn; high frequency operation state: the sampling frequency of the acceleration sensor is relatively high, and the acceleration sensor is mainly used for collecting vibration waveforms of heartbeats.
Step three, data acquisition; the acceleration sensors mainly collect acceleration data generated by heart beating and human body movement, wherein the two different acceleration data are obtained due to different distances between the two acceleration sensors and the heart, namely acceleration data I and acceleration data II; based on the technical scheme, the data acquisition in the step three is mainly to collect the change of the acceleration value in the direction vertical to the acceleration sensor, namely the Z axis.
Specifically, the wearing positions of the acceleration sensor and the heart on the heart rate sensor are shown in fig. 2, and the two acceleration sensors are fixedly mounted on the PCB, wherein a circle represents the heart position, and a rectangle represents the PCB and is provided with the two acceleration sensors; the two acceleration sensors are arranged at one side position of the heart, as shown at the left side of the heart; not arranged on both sides of the heart symmetry, as shown below the heart, wherein the beating of the heart mainly causes the change of the acceleration value of the vertical PCB, i.e. the Z-axis value, and the movement of the human body also causes the change of the Z-axis data. Acceleration data I and acceleration data II are shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Step four, data processing analysis; coupling and filtering the acceleration data I and the acceleration data II obtained in the third step to obtain acceleration waveform data caused by heartbeat, and finally extracting the frequency and peak value of the obtained waveform data to obtain heart rate values; on the basis of the technical scheme, the data processing in the fourth step is to subtract the Z-axis value in the acceleration data I and the acceleration data II, eliminate the translational motion noise of the human body, and retain the acceleration data caused by the heart beat and the rotation of the human body to obtain data III, as shown in fig. 5; and then, based on the technical scheme, the data III is subjected to band-pass filtering in the step four, acceleration data change caused by human body rotation motion is eliminated, and heart rate waveforms are obtained after filtering, as shown in fig. 6.
Note that, the horizontal and vertical coordinates in fig. 3 to 6 illustrate: the abscissa represents the magnitude of acceleration, without units; the ordinate represents the number of acceleration values.
Step five, ending the working state judgment; when the difference value between the current value and the previous value of any acceleration sensor is smaller than the set threshold value and is kept for a certain time (10 s), the control module judges that the heart rate sensor is taken down, and the work is ended and enters a standby state, namely a low-frequency working state.
In the using process of the heart rate sensor, acceleration data are generated when the heart beats, and the control module MCU can read the numerical value of the acceleration sensor through the acceleration sensor; because the two acceleration sensors are not arranged at symmetrical positions of the heart, the acceleration amplitude caused by the same heart beat is also different, namely different acceleration data I and acceleration data II are generated; meanwhile, the motion of the human body can also lead the acceleration sensor to output data signals: the change of acceleration data caused by the translational motion of the human body can be counteracted by subtracting the values of the Z axes on the two acceleration sensors; the acceleration data change caused by the rotation motion of the human body can be removed through band-pass filtering; and finally, calculating the heart rate value by the MCU through the frequency and the peak value on the processed heart rate waveform.
While the basic principles and main features of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and thus the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. The heart rate sensor is characterized by comprising two acceleration sensors and a control module, wherein the two acceleration sensors are arranged on the same side of a heart and are provided with gaps, and acceleration data generated by human heart beating and human movement are collected; the control module is electrically connected with the acceleration sensors, and configures the two acceleration sensors to the same working state; the control module carries out coupling processing and filtering processing on the two acceleration data to obtain heart rate values;
the heart rate value calculation method of the heart rate sensor comprises the following steps:
step one, a standby state; setting two acceleration sensors positioned on one side of a heart to be in a low-frequency working state; if the difference value of two adjacent data of any acceleration sensor is larger than a set threshold value, the heart rate sensor is automatically switched to a normal working state; the acceleration sensors are arranged on the same side of the heart and are positioned on the same horizontal line with the heart;
step two, setting a working state; the control module sets the two acceleration sensors to be in a high-frequency working state with the same configuration;
step three, data acquisition; the acceleration sensor collects acceleration data generated by heart beating and human body movement, wherein the two different acceleration data are obtained due to different distances between the two acceleration sensors and the heart, namely acceleration data I and acceleration data II;
step four, data processing analysis; coupling and filtering the acceleration data I and the acceleration data II obtained in the third step to obtain acceleration waveform data caused by heartbeat, and finally extracting the frequency and peak value of the obtained waveform data to obtain heart rate values;
the method comprises the steps of subtracting a Z-axis value in acceleration data I and acceleration data II to eliminate human translational motion noise, and reserving acceleration data caused by heart beating and human rotation to obtain data III; carrying out band-pass filtering on the data III to eliminate acceleration data change caused by human body rotation movement, and obtaining heart rate waveforms after filtering;
step five, ending the working state judgment; when the difference value between the current value and the previous value of any one acceleration sensor is smaller than the set threshold value and is kept for a certain time, the control module judges that the heart rate sensor is taken down, and the work is ended and the heart rate sensor enters a standby state.
2. A heart rate sensor according to claim 1, wherein the control module is arranged as an MCU micro-control unit.
3. A heart rate sensor according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition in step three is to collect the change in acceleration value in a direction perpendicular to the acceleration sensor, i.e. the Z-axis.
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