CN114465519A - Friction power generation performance improving device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The friction power generation performance improving device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises: a power input unit for providing circumferential power input and axial power input; the electric energy generating unit comprises a first friction nano generator, a second friction nano generator, a circuit management module and a buffer capacitor, wherein circumferential power is input to drive the central rotating shaft to enable the first friction nano generator to generate alternating current, the alternating current generated by the first friction nano generator is rectified by the circuit management module and then converted into direct current, and the direct current is transmitted to the second friction nano generator and the buffer capacitor which are connected in series, so that the charge quantity of the second friction nano generator and the buffer capacitor is increased; the axial power input enables the stator and the rotor of the second friction nano generator to generate intermittent opening and closing movement through the spline mechanism, so that electric charges flow back and forth between the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor, and electric energy output outwards is formed. The present disclosure can extend the life and improve the output performance of a triboelectric nanogenerator.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric energy receiving and dispatching system, in particular to friction power generation performance hoisting device.
Background
As an emerging technology of energy collection, a Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has gained much attention since its birth due to its remarkable advantages of high efficiency, low cost, wide range of materials, and the like, and has achieved many outputs and achievements. However, because of the coupling effect of triboelectric and electrostatic induction, the TENG power generation needs to depend on the contact and friction between the dielectric materials, which causes severe material wear and reduced service life, and therefore, the search for a technology for reducing the wear between the dielectric materials has important significance and value in improving the service life and efficiency of the TENG.
On the other hand, the conventional TENG technology generates electricity by utilizing the surface friction of two materials, and simultaneously, the surface charges of the conductive electrodes are redistributed and form a potential difference under the action of an electrostatic induction effect, and the TENG outputs electric energy by utilizing the potential difference between the electrodes. However, there is a problem in that the charge accumulation amount on the surface of the material is limited and the amount of charges is not large, so that the electrostatic field strength is small, and thus the output power of TENG is limited by the amount of charges or the charge density on the surface of the material. Recently, a charge pump technology capable of increasing the surface charge density of TENG and enhancing the output performance of TENG is emerging, such as 2018, No Energy, volume 49, No. 1, page 625-633 of International journal[1]The middle contact separation type charge pump is proposed for the first time. The main principle of the method is that a TENG pump is used for injecting charges into a main TENG, the surface charge density of a conductive electrode of the main TENG is improved, electric energy is output outwards by the main TENG, and the output performance of the TENG is improved by the charge pump in the mode. As another example, in 2020, the International journal "Nature Communications" volume 11, No. 1, pages 1-9[2]The charge density is further improved by the medium-electron oscillating charge pump. However, the existing charge pump technology has the disadvantages that the charge pump mode is single, the generation efficiency of the initial charge amount of the charge pump is low, the point discharge phenomenon of the conducting polar plate exists, the stored charge amount of the conducting electrode is seriously influenced, and the output power of the conducting electrode is further reduced; furthermore, the charge pump and the main TENG move synchronously (in a coupled manner), which causes that the main TENG (variable capacitor) is not the maximum charge injection amount when the capacitance value is maximum, thereby affecting the charge transportation and storage efficiency; meanwhile, the problems of serious abrasion between materials and shortened service life are not considered in the existing charge pump technology. Therefore, a novel charge pump was soughtThe technical scheme is particularly important for further improving the TENG output performance and prolonging the service life.
The related technology comprises the following steps:
1.Xu L,Bu T.Z.,Yang X.D.,et al.Ultrahigh charge density realized by charge pumping at ambient conditions for triboelectric nanogenerators[J].Nano Energy.2018,49(1):625-633.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.05.01.
2.Wang H,Xu L,Bai Y,et al.Pumping up the charge density of a triboelectric nanogenerator by charge-shuttling[J].Nature Communications.2020,11(1):1-9.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17891-1.
disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to solving one of the problems set forth above.
Therefore, the friction power generation performance improving device capable of prolonging the service life of TENG and improving the output performance of TENG provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises:
the power input unit is used for providing circumferential power input and axial power input, and the speed of the circumferential power input is higher than that of the axial power input; and
the electric energy generating unit comprises a first friction nano generator, a second friction nano generator, a circuit management module and a buffer capacitor, wherein the first friction nano generator is an independent friction layer type friction nano generator, the second friction nano generator is a contact separation type friction nano generator, the first friction nano generator is sleeved on the central rotating shaft, and the second friction nano generator is sleeved on the central rotating shaft through a spline mechanism; the circumferential power input drives the central rotating shaft to enable the first friction nano generator to generate alternating current, the alternating current generated by the first friction nano generator is rectified by the circuit management module and then converted into direct current, and the direct current is transmitted to the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor which are connected in series, so that the charge quantity in the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor is improved; the axial power input enables intermittent opening and closing movement to be generated between the stator and the rotor of the second friction nano generator through the spline mechanism, so that electric charges flow back and forth between the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor, and electric energy output outwards is formed.
The friction power generation performance improving device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
according to the friction power generation performance improving device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the first friction nano generator is used as a TENG pump, the second friction nano generator is used as a main TENG pump, different rotation inputs are provided for the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator, and intermittent opening and closing motion is generated between a stator and a rotor of the second friction nano generator, so that abrasion is reduced, and the service life of a dielectric film material is prolonged; meanwhile, an independent friction layer type and contact separation type mixed TENG charge pump scheme is adopted, so that the generation and storage of charges are improved, the surface charge density of a conductive electrode is increased, and the electric energy output of TENG is further improved.
In some embodiments, the first friction nanogenerator includes a rotor, a support frame, a stator, a support plate, and a first slide bar connected between the support frame and the stator and the support plate, the rotor, the support frame, the stator, and the support plate being sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the central rotating shaft, the first slide bar being provided with a first spring, the rotor being provided with a first friction layer in a fan-blade shape, a conductive electrode and a second friction layer being stacked on a side of the stator facing the rotor, the second friction layer completely covering the conductive electrode, and the first friction layer rotationally slides on the second friction layer in a process that the rotor rotates along with the central rotating shaft.
In some embodiments, the second friction nanogenerator is disposed between the stator of the first friction nanogenerator and the support plate; the second friction nanogenerator includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft, a first conductive plate is attached to one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a buffer pad and a second conductive plate are stacked on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the first substrate and the first conductive plate jointly serve as a mover of the second friction nano-generator, the second substrate, the buffer pad and the second conductive plate collectively serve as a stator of the second friction nanogenerator, the first substrate, the first conductive plate, the second conductive plate, the buffer pad and the second substrate are connected with the support plate through second slide bars, and second springs are arranged on the second slide bars between the first substrate and a stator of the first friction nano-generator.
In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surfaces of the first and second conductive plates are smooth curved surface shapes.
In some embodiments, the spline mechanism includes a cam base fixed on the stator of the first friction nano-generator on a side facing the first substrate, a spline cam fixed on the first substrate on a side facing the second substrate, a thimble fixed on the central rotating shaft for pushing the spline cam to horizontally move towards the stator of the first friction nano-generator, and a second cam head penetrating through the second substrate and the support plate, the second cam head is tightly connected with the cam base through a buckle, and the axial power input is transmitted into the spline mechanism through a first cam head matched with the second cam head.
In some embodiments, the axial power input includes a carrier, the first cam head supported on the carrier by the bearing, a bearing, and a compound bearing located at an inner periphery of the first cam head; the composite bearing comprises an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, balls are respectively arranged between the adjacent layers, the inner layer is fixedly sleeved on the central rotating shaft, the outer layer is positioned on the inner periphery of the first cam head, and the outer layer is in interference fit with the first cam head.
In some embodiments, the circuit management module comprises a voltage-multiplying rectification circuit composed of a plurality of first diodes and first capacitors which are alternately connected.
In some embodiments, the power generation unit further comprises a power output circuit comprising a first current regulation branch, a second current regulation branch and a third current regulation branch connected in parallel between the load and both ends of the second friction nanogenerator and the buffer capacitor through a transfer switch; the first current regulating branch circuit comprises a first discharge tube and a first full-bridge rectifying circuit which are connected in series, and a first switch is connected in parallel with two ends of the first discharge tube; the second current regulation branch circuit comprises a second discharge tube and a second full-bridge rectification circuit which are connected in series, a second switch is connected in parallel at two ends of the second discharge tube, and the opening and closing states of the first switch and the second switch are the same; the third current regulating branch circuit comprises a second diode and a second capacitor which are connected in series; the change-over switch is provided with a first contact and a second contact, when the first contact is connected, the first current regulating branch and the second current regulating branch are connected with the load, and the third current regulating branch is disconnected with the load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure at a first viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure at a second viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric energy generating unit in the friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a working principle and a circuit structure of a friction power generation performance improving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of an improved circuit management module provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 8 a and b are graphs of output power data with or without discharge tubes according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
In the figure:
100-circumferential power input, 110-central rotating shaft;
200-axial power input; 210-a first cam head; 211-bearing, 212-bearing, 223-composite bearing, 2231-inner layer, 2232-intermediate layer, 2233-outer layer;
300-an electric energy generating unit; 310-first triboelectric nanogenerator, 311-rotor, 3111-first friction layer, 312-support frame, 313-stator, 3131-second friction layer, 3132-conductive electrode, 314-support plate, 315-first sliding bar, 3151-first spring; 320-second friction nanogenerator, 321-first base plate, 322-second base plate, 323-first conductive plate, 324-buffer pad, 325-second conductive plate, 326-second sliding rod, 3261-second spring; 330-spline mechanism, 331-cam base, 332-spline cam, 333-thimble, 334-second cam head; 340-circuit management module, 341-first diode, 342-first capacitance, 350-buffer capacitor, 351-second diode, 352-second capacitance, 361-first discharge tube, 362-second discharge tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
On the contrary, this application is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present application, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
a power input unit for providing a circumferential power input 100 and an axial power input 200, the speed of the circumferential power input 100 being higher than the speed of the axial power input 200; and
the electric energy generating Unit 300 includes a first friction nano-generator 310, a second friction nano-generator 320, a circuit Management module (Power Management Unit, hereinafter abbreviated as PMU)340, and a Buffer capacitor (Buffer capacitor, hereinafter abbreviated as BFC)350, wherein the first friction nano-generator 310 employs an independent friction layer type friction nano-generator, the second friction nano-generator 320 employs a contact separation type friction nano-generator, the first friction nano-generator 310 is sleeved on the central rotating shaft 110, and the second friction nano-generator 320 is sleeved on the central rotating shaft 110 through a spline mechanism 330; the circumferential power input 100 drives the central rotating shaft 110 to enable the first friction nano-generator 310 to generate alternating current, the alternating current generated by the first friction nano-generator 310 is rectified by the PMU340 and then converted into direct current, and the direct current is transmitted to the second friction nano-generator 320 and the BFC350 which are connected in series, so that the charge quantity in the second friction nano-generator 320 and the BFC350 is increased; the axial power input 200 generates intermittent opening and closing motion between the stator and the mover of the second friction nano-generator 320 through the spline mechanism 330, so that electric charges flow back and forth between the second friction nano-generator 320 and the BFC350, and electric energy output to the outside is formed.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the power input unit provides circumferential power input 100 to the electric energy generation unit 300 through rotation of the central rotation shaft 110, provides axial power input 200 to the electric energy generation unit 300 through rotation of the first cam head 210, and the speed of the circumferential power input 100 is higher than the speed of the axial power input 200, so that the frequency of the opening and closing motion of the conductive plates in the second friction nano-generator 320 can be reduced, on one hand, time is provided for the conductive plates to accumulate charges, and on the other hand, the reliability and the durability of the opening and closing motion of the conductive plates can be ensured.
Further, the axial power input 200 includes a mount 212, a first cam head 210, a bearing 211, and a compound bearing 223, the first cam head 210 being supported on the mount 212 by the bearing 211, the compound bearing 223 being located on an inner periphery of the first cam head 210. The composite bearing 223 includes an inner layer 2231, an intermediate layer 2232 and an outer layer 2233, which are sleeved from inside to outside, and balls are disposed between adjacent layers respectively, so that relative rotation around the central rotation axis 110 exists between adjacent layers. The inner layer 2231 is fixedly secured to the central rotating shaft 110, the outer layer 2233 is disposed on an inner circumference of the first cam head 210, and the outer layer 2233 is in interference fit with the first cam head 210. The rotational speeds of the central rotating shaft 110 and the first cam head 210 are made different by the composite bearing 223 so that different power inputs can be provided to the electric power generating unit 300.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the electric energy generating unit 300 includes a first friction nano-generator 310, a second friction nano-generator 320, a PMU340 and a BFC350, wherein the first friction nano-generator 310 is directly sleeved on the central rotating shaft 110, and the second friction nano-generator 320 is sleeved on the central rotating shaft 110 through a spline mechanism 330. The respective constituent elements of the electric power generation unit 300 are described below:
the first friction nano-generator 310 includes a rotor 311, a supporting frame 312, a stator 313, a supporting plate 314, and a first sliding rod 315 connected between the supporting frame 312, the stator 313 and the supporting plate 314, the first sliding rod 315 is provided with a first spring 3151, the peripheries of the supporting frame 312, the stator 313 and the supporting plate 314 are provided with a first through hole for the first sliding rod 315 to pass through, the rotor 311 is located at an end of the central rotating shaft 110, the rotor 311 is provided with a first friction layer 3111 in a shape of a fan blade, the middle of the supporting frame 312 is provided with a through hole for the first friction layer 3111 to pass through, a conductive electrode 3132 and a second friction layer 3131 are stacked on a side of the stator 313 facing the rotor 311, the second friction layer 3131 completely covers the conductive electrode 3132, the conductive electrode 3132 is in a shape of a fan shape and includes a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes which are alternately arranged, and the rotor 311 rotates along with the central rotating shaft 110 (i.e. the circumferential power input 100 is transmitted to the first friction nano-generator Rotor 311 of generator 310), first friction layer 3111 slides rotationally on second friction layer 3131, generating an electrical charge.
The second friction nanogenerator 320 is disposed between the stator 313 and the support plate 314 of the first friction nanogenerator 310, and the axial power input 200 is transmitted into the second friction nanogenerator 320 through the spline mechanism 330. The second friction nanogenerator 320 includes a first substrate 321 and a second substrate 322 that are oppositely disposed along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 110, a first conductive plate 323 is attached to a side of the first substrate 321 facing the second substrate 322, a buffer 324 and a second conductive plate 325 are stacked on one side of the second substrate 322 facing the first substrate 321, the first substrate 321 and the first conductive plate 323 jointly serve as a rotor of the second friction nano-generator 320, the second substrate 322, the buffer 324 and the second conductive plate 325 jointly serve as a stator of the second friction nano-generator 320, the first substrate 321, the first conductive plate 323, the second conductive plate 325, the buffer 324 and the second substrate 322 are all connected with the support plate 314 through a second sliding rod 326, a second spring 3261 is arranged on a second sliding rod 326 positioned between the first substrate 321 and the stator 313, and second through holes for the second sliding rod 326 to pass through are formed in the peripheries of the first substrate 321, the first conductive plate 323, the second conductive plate 325, the buffer 324 and the second substrate 322. Further, the outer circumferential surfaces of the first conductive plate 323 and the second conductive plate 325 are smooth curved surfaces, such as a circle, an ellipse, etc., and there is no point charge accumulation and point discharge phenomenon, thereby ensuring the stability of charge accumulation and power output.
The spline mechanism 330 includes a cam base 331 fixed on the stator 313 on the side facing the first base plate 321, a spline cam 332 fixed on the first base plate 321 on the side facing the second base plate 322, a thimble 333 fixed on the central rotation shaft 110 for pushing the spline cam 332 to move horizontally facing the stator 313, and a second cam head 334 passing through the second base plate 322 and the support plate 314, the second cam head 334 and the cam base 331 are tightly connected by a snap, so that the second cam head 334 and the cam base 331 keep synchronous movement, and the axial power input 200 is transmitted into the spline mechanism 330 through the first cam head 210 matched with the second cam head 334.
The motion process of the first friction nano-generator 310, the second friction nano-generator 320 and the spline mechanism 330 is as follows:
power is transmitted to the electric power generation unit 300 through the central rotating shaft 110 and the first cam head 210, and the central rotating shaft 110 rotates the rotor 311 of the first friction nano-generator 310, so that the first friction layer 3111 on the rotor 311 rotatably slides on the second friction layer 3131 of the stator 313. When the first cam head 210 contacts the second cam head 334, the cam base 331 and the stator 313 are pushed to move in the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 110 and in a direction approaching the rotor 311. Meanwhile, the stator 313 is fixed to the first sliding bar 315, the first sliding bar 315 can slide in the first through hole of the support frame 312 and the support plate 314, and the first spring 3151 is compressed. Since the second sliding bar 326 is fixedly connected to both the stator 313 and the second base plate 322, but the second sliding bar 326 can slide in the second through hole of the supporting plate 314, such that the stator 313 simultaneously drives the second base plate 322, the buffer pad 324, the second conductive plate 325, the first conductive plate 323 and the first base plate 321 to move together along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 110 and in a direction close to the rotor 311, and at this time, the first friction layer 3111 and the second friction layer 3131 are in close contact with each other to generate electric charges, and since the external circuit connects the first electrode and the second electrode covered by the second friction layer 3131 to one end connection ports of the first conductive plate 323 and the BFC350, respectively, the electric charges can be charged to the electric capacitance formed by the first conductive plate 323 and the second conductive plate 325, and the BFC 350.
After the first cam head 210 and the second cam head 334 are completely contacted, the stator 313 drives the second base plate 322, the buffer pad 324, the second conductive plate 325, the first conductive plate 323 and the first base plate 321 to move together along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 110 and in a direction away from the rotor 311 under the action of the first spring 3151, the first friction layer 3111 and the second friction layer 3131 are not in close contact friction any more, and thus the stator 313 returns to the initial position. At this time, since the spline cam 332 is fixed on the first base plate 321 and the thimble 333 is fixed on the central rotating shaft 110, the spline cam 332 is again in contact with the thimble 333, and the thimble 333 rotates together with the central rotating shaft 110, the second spring 3261 between the first base plate 321 and the stator 313 is in a compressed state, and the first base plate 321 can slide on the second sliding bar 326 through the through hole on the circumferential edge thereof, so that the first conductive plate 323 fixed on the first base plate 321 will slide together. Therefore, under the combined action of the second spring 3261 and the thimble 333, the first conductive plate 323 and the second conductive plate 325 can intermittently open and close (essentially, at this time, the first conductive plate 323 slides, the second conductive plate 325 is stationary, and the first conductive plate 323 intermittently contacts and separates from the second conductive plate 325), and the capacitance formed by the first conductive plate 323 and the second conductive plate 325 periodically becomes larger and smaller with the change of the distance between the two plates, and accordingly, the voltage between the first conductive plate 323 and the second conductive plate 325 periodically becomes larger and smaller. Since BFC is in series with the capacitance formed by first conductive plate 323 and second conductive plate 325 and the input voltage across the two capacitances remains constant, a change in voltage across the capacitance formed by first conductive plate 323 and second conductive plate 325 may result in a change in voltage across BFC 350.
As can be seen from the above description, the second triboelectric nanogenerator 320 (i.e., the main TENG) acts as a variable capacitor whose capacitance periodically changes with the opening and closing movement between the plates; the movement of the second triboelectric nanogenerator 320 (i.e., the main TENG) and the first triboelectric nanogenerator 310 (i.e., the TENG pump) is non-coupled, and the movements of the two are not synchronous, so that when the main TENG has the maximum equivalent capacitance, i.e., the maximum charge storage capacity, there is the maximum charge injection and storage amount, and the conductive plate has the maximum charge density, which is beneficial to improving the charge transport and storage efficiency.
The embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes two power inputs to simultaneously drive the first friction nano-generator 310 and the spline mechanism 330, and realizes different speeds of rotation of the rotor 311 and horizontal movement of the spline mechanism 330 in the first friction nano-generator 310. Under the combined action of the spline mechanism 330 and the first spring 3151, intermittent close contact friction between friction layer materials on the rotor and the stator of the first friction nano-generator 310 is realized. Meanwhile, the first friction nano-generator 310 serves as a charge pump to inject charges into the second friction nano-generator 320 (i.e., the main TENG) composed of two annular conductive electrode plates insulated from each other and the buffer capacitor BFC350, thereby increasing the charge density of the surface of the annular conductive electrode plates. The spline cam 332 and the ejector pin 333 in the spline mechanism 330 are used to realize the contact and separation between the two annular conductive electrode plates of the second friction nano-generator 310, specifically: when the friction layer material is in close contact friction, the spline cam 332 is separated from the thimble 333, and the two annular conductive electrode plates are kept in close contact under the action of the second spring 3261 to have the maximum equivalent capacitance and are charged by the charge pump; when the friction layer material is not in close contact friction, the spline cam 332 contacts with the ejector pin 333, and the two annular conductive electrode plates are intermittently opened and closed under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 3261, so as to drive the electric energy output. Therefore, the intermittent close contact and separation between the TENG friction layer materials are achieved, meanwhile, the hybrid charge pump scheme is applied, the problem of synchronous coupling of the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator in a conventional charge pump is solved, the generation efficiency and the storage capacity of charges are improved, the charge density and the TENG output performance are improved, material abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
The PMU340 mainly functions to convert ac into dc, and includes a voltage-doubling rectifying circuit composed of several diodes and capacitors, and referring to fig. 6, the PMU is a unit formed by alternately connecting six first diodes 341 and five first capacitors 342, and the voltage-doubling rectifying circuit has a good expandability while performing double functions of doubling and rectifying for the output of voltage compared to a conventional bridge-type rectifying circuit, but it is not limited to the number of diodes and capacitors shown in fig. 6. The alternating current output by the first friction nano-generator 310 flows through the voltage-doubling rectifying circuit, the potential is lower near the input end and higher near the output end, and finally the direct current is output and provided to the second friction nano-generator 320 and the BFC 350.
Referring to fig. 6, the operation principle of the friction power generation performance improving apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: the first friction layer 3111 on the rotor 311 rotates on the second friction layer 3131 on the surface of the stator 313 by friction, and an alternating positive and negative potential difference is formed on the two unconnected first and second electrodes on the surface of the stator 313, and when the two electrodes are led out by a conducting wire, an alternating current is formed in the conducting wire, that is, the alternating current and the electric charge are output by the first friction nano-generator (as a TENG pump) 310. The alternating current is rectified by the power management unit to become direct current, and then is applied to both ends of a capacitor (as a main TENG) formed by the first and second conductive plates 323 and 325 and BFC connected in series with the main TENG, so that the sum of voltages at both ends of the main TENG and BFC is kept constant. When the first plate 323 and the second plate 325 intermittently open and close, the voltage across the main TENG changes, which in turn causes the voltage across the BFC to change and power a load R such as a lamp to output energy.
In fig. 6, the TENG pump is a simplified model of the first triboelectric nanogenerator 310, which is essentially an independent triboelectric layer model, the first triboelectric layer represents a first triboelectric layer 3111 on the rotor 311, the second triboelectric layer represents a second triboelectric layer 3131 on the stator 313, the first and second conducting electrodes represent unconnected first and second electrodes on the stator 313, the rotation of the rotor 311 causes the first triboelectric layer 3111 to contact with the second triboelectric layer 3131 back and forth, and generates an equal amount of opposite charges on the surface, which, under the induction of an electrostatic field, causes the charges on the surface of the conducting electrodes to redistribute and form alternating positive and negative potential differences, and when the conducting wires are led out, an alternating current is formed in the conducting wires, which enters the designed PMU 340.
When the current is rectified into direct current, positive and negative charges are respectively injected into one conductive electrode plate of the main TENG and one electrode plate of the BFC, and under the effect of a series capacitor, the other conductive electrode plate of the main TENG and the other electrode plate of the BFC can induce the same amount of different charges. When the two polar plates of the main TENG perform intermittent contact separation opening and closing movement, the voltage at the two ends of the main TENG can be periodically increased and decreased along with the opening and closing movement, and because the voltage sum of the main TENG and the BFC is constant, namely the input voltage, the voltage at the two ends of the BFC can be changed along with the voltage change at the two ends of the main TENG, so that power is supplied to a load R such as a lamp and the like to output electric energy. The ammeter a and the voltmeter V in fig. 6 are used for detecting the output voltage and current in the circuit, and do not belong to the component devices of the power generation unit provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.
In some embodiments, in order to boost the output power, the power generation unit 300 is modified based on the voltage-doubling rectifying circuit shown in fig. 6, and the power output circuit of the system is added, as shown in fig. 7, including the step of switching the switch SwConnected in parallel to the second friction nano-generator 32And the first current regulating branch, the second current regulating branch and the third current regulating branch are arranged between two ends of the BFC350 and the load R. The first current regulating branch comprises a first discharge tube DT connected in series 1361, a first full-bridge rectifier circuit, a first discharge tube DT 1361 are connected in parallel with a first switch S1. The second current regulating branch comprises a second discharge tube DT connected in series 2362 and a second full-bridge rectifier circuit, a second discharge tube DT 2362 two ends are connected in parallel with a second switch S2. The third current regulating branch comprises a second diode 351 and a second capacitor C352 connected in series. Change-over switch SwThere are two contacts. In this embodiment, two full-bridge rectification circuits and two discharge tubes are connected to two ends of the second friction nano-generator 320 (main TENG) and the BFC350 at the same time, and then the two rectified output currents and voltages are collected, and the switch S is utilized1-S4To control the switching in and out of the discharge tube and to switch between pulse and constant current output modes. In particular, when the switch S is on1、S2At disconnection, DT1、DT2And two full-bridge rectification circuits are connected into the circuit, due to DT1、DT2Can boost the current supplied to the load when the switch S is on1,S2At the time of closing, DT1And DT2The output circuit and the two full-bridge rectifying circuits are connected into the circuit. When the change-over switch is turned on3When the power supply is started, the circuit output is in a pulse mode, and at the moment, the power output has the characteristics of high voltage and low current; when the change-over switch is turned on4In the meantime, the circuit output is a constant current type output, the current is stored in the capacitor C first, and then the load R is supplied with power, the diode connected in series with the capacitor C in fig. 6 is used for limiting the direction of the current flowing into the capacitor C, and at this time, the power output has a low-voltage large-current characteristic. Therefore, the output electric energy mode can be switched and selected according to the power utilization type of the external load.
Finally, current charge output data obtained through the experiment is shown in fig. 8. When the output current of the device is increased by nearly 1000 times after the DT is connected, the output current is increased from 59 muA without being connected to the DT to 69.1mA after being connected to the DT, as shown in a in FIG. 8. Meanwhile, compared with the output of the electric charge quantity without accessing the DT, the average output electric charge quantity Q after accessing the DT is obviously improved, for example, the average electric charge quantity of the main TENG is improved by 127.6%, the output of the BFC is improved by 76.8%, and the total electric charge quantity output of the device is also improved by 98.6%, as shown in b in fig. 8. Therefore, the access usage of DT has a significant boost effect on the output performance of TENG.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A friction power generation performance improving apparatus, comprising:
the power input unit is used for providing circumferential power input and axial power input, and the speed of the circumferential power input is higher than that of the axial power input; and
the electric energy generating unit comprises a first friction nano generator, a second friction nano generator, a circuit management module and a buffer capacitor, wherein the first friction nano generator is an independent friction layer type friction nano generator, the second friction nano generator is a contact separation type friction nano generator, the first friction nano generator is sleeved on the central rotating shaft, and the second friction nano generator is sleeved on the central rotating shaft through a spline mechanism; the circumferential power input drives the central rotating shaft to enable the first friction nano generator to generate alternating current, the alternating current generated by the first friction nano generator is rectified by the circuit management module and then converted into direct current, and the direct current is transmitted to the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor which are connected in series, so that the charge quantity in the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor is improved; the axial power input enables intermittent opening and closing movement to be generated between the stator and the rotor of the second friction nano generator through the spline mechanism, so that electric charges flow back and forth between the second friction nano generator and the cache capacitor, and electric energy output outwards is formed.
2. The triboelectric power generation performance improving device according to claim 1, wherein the first triboelectric nanogenerator comprises a rotor, a support frame, a stator, a support plate, and a first slide bar connected between the support frame, the stator, and the support plate, which are sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the central rotating shaft, wherein a first spring is arranged on the first slide bar, a first friction layer having a fan-blade shape is arranged on the rotor, a conductive electrode and a second friction layer are stacked on a side of the stator facing the rotor, the conductive electrode is completely covered by the second friction layer, and the first friction layer slides on the second friction layer in a rotating manner when the rotor rotates along with the central rotating shaft.
3. The triboelectric power generation performance enhancing device according to claim 2, wherein the second triboelectric nanogenerator is disposed between the stator of the first triboelectric nanogenerator and the support plate; the second friction nanogenerator includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft, a first conductive plate is attached to one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a buffer pad and a second conductive plate are stacked on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the first substrate and the first conductive plate jointly serve as a mover of the second friction nano-generator, the second substrate, the buffer pad and the second conductive plate collectively serve as a stator of the second friction nanogenerator, the first substrate, the first conductive plate, the second conductive plate, the buffer pad and the second substrate are connected with the support plate through second slide bars, and second springs are arranged on the second slide bars between the first substrate and a stator of the first friction nano-generator.
4. The friction power generation performance improving apparatus according to claim 3, wherein outer peripheral surfaces of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate are smooth curved surface shapes.
5. The friction power generation performance improving apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the spline mechanism includes a cam base fixed to a side of the stator of the first friction nano-generator facing the first base plate, a spline cam fixed to a side of the first base plate facing the second base plate, a thimble fixed to the central rotation shaft for pushing the spline cam to horizontally move toward the stator of the first friction nano-generator, and a second cam head passing through the second base plate and the support plate, the second cam head is tightly coupled to the cam base by a snap, and the axial power input is introduced into the spline mechanism through a first cam head matching with the second cam head.
6. The triboelectric power generation performance enhancement device of claim 5, wherein the axial power input comprises a mount, the first cam head supported on the mount by the bearing, a bearing, and a compound bearing located at an inner periphery of the first cam head; the composite bearing comprises an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, balls are respectively arranged between the adjacent layers, the inner layer is fixedly sleeved on the central rotating shaft, the outer layer is positioned on the inner periphery of the first cam head, and the outer layer is in interference fit with the first cam head.
7. The triboelectric power generation performance enhancing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit management module comprises a voltage-doubler rectification circuit composed of a plurality of first diodes and first capacitors alternately connected.
8. The triboelectric power generation performance improving device according to claim 7, wherein the electric energy generating unit further comprises a power output circuit comprising a first current regulating branch, a second current regulating branch and a third current regulating branch connected in parallel between both ends of the second friction nanogenerator and the buffer capacitor and the load through a transfer switch; the first current regulation branch circuit comprises a first discharge tube and a first full-bridge rectification circuit which are connected in series, a first switch is connected in parallel with two ends of the first discharge tube, the second current regulation branch circuit comprises a second discharge tube and a second full-bridge rectification circuit which are connected in series, a second switch is connected in parallel with two ends of the second discharge tube, and the first switch and the second switch are in the same open-close state; the third current regulating branch circuit comprises a second diode and a second capacitor which are connected in series; the change-over switch is provided with a first contact and a second contact, when the first contact is connected, the first current regulating branch and the second current regulating branch are connected with the load, and the third current regulating branch is disconnected with the load.
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