CN203339962U - A switched capacitor AC voltage regulator - Google Patents
A switched capacitor AC voltage regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203339962U CN203339962U CN201320403196XU CN201320403196U CN203339962U CN 203339962 U CN203339962 U CN 203339962U CN 201320403196X U CN201320403196X U CN 201320403196XU CN 201320403196 U CN201320403196 U CN 201320403196U CN 203339962 U CN203339962 U CN 203339962U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种开关电容型交流调压器，属于电力电子变换的技术领域。The utility model relates to a switched capacitor type AC voltage regulator, which belongs to the technical field of power electronic conversion.
背景技术Background technique
交流调压器是一种交流电转化成另一种交流电的变换装置，通过改变交流电的幅值，实现向交流供电负载供电或者同交流电网并网。它作为电力电子领域一个非常重要的组成部分，一直受到人们的广泛关注。通过采用双向功率开关，可以实现交流双向功率变换。The AC voltage regulator is a conversion device that converts alternating current into another alternating current. By changing the amplitude of the alternating current, it can supply power to the AC power supply load or be connected to the AC power grid. As a very important component in the field of power electronics, it has been widely concerned by people. By adopting a bidirectional power switch, AC bidirectional power conversion can be realized.
开关电容型交流调压器是一种典型的无感变换器，它是将电容和一定数量的功率开关组合起来，电容的充放电通过对功率开关的控制实现，由电容和功率开关的组合实现不同变比的电路。由于不含有磁性元件，因此具有体积小、重量轻、功率密度高等优点。The switched capacitor AC voltage regulator is a typical non-inductive converter. It combines a capacitor with a certain number of power switches. The charging and discharging of the capacitor is realized by controlling the power switch, which is realized by the combination of the capacitor and the power switch. Circuits with different ratios. Since it does not contain magnetic components, it has the advantages of small size, light weight, and high power density.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种开关电容型交流调压器。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a switched capacitor AC voltage regulator.
本实用新型采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
一种开关电容型交流调压器，其输入端与交流电压源连接，输出端与负载电路连接，主电路由电容C1、C2、C3和双向开关管M1、M2、M3、M4组成，输入电压源ui的正极与第一双向开关管M1的输入端连接，第一双向开关管M1的输出端与第二双向开关管M2的输入端连接，第二双向开关管M2的输出端与第三双向开关管M3的输入端连接，第三双向开关管M3的输出端与第四双向开关管M4的输入端连接，第四双向开关管M4的输出端与输入电源ui的负极连接，第一电容C1并联在第二双向开关管M2的输入端和第三双向开关管M3的输出端，第二电容并联在第一双向开关管M1的输入端和第二双向开关管M2的输出端，第三电容C3并联在第三双向开关管M3的输入端和第四双向开关管M4的输出端，负载电阻R0并联在第三电容C3的两端，第一双向开关管M1由二极管D11的阴极接二极管D12的阴极，二极管D12的阳极接二极管D14的阴极，二极管D14的阳极接二极管D13的阳极，二极管D13的阴极接二极管D11的阳极，功率管S1的漏极接二极管D11的阴极，功率管S1的源极接二极管D13的阳极组成，第二双向开关管M2由二极管D21的阴极接二极管D22的阴极，二极管D22的阳极接二极管D24的阴极，二极管D24的阳极接二极管D23的阳极，二极管D23的阴极接二极管D21的阳极，功率管S2的漏极接二极管D21的阴极，功率管S2的源极接二极管D23的阳极组成，第三双向开关管M3由二极管D31的阴极接二极管D32的阴极，二极管D32的阳极接二极管D34的阴极，二极管D34的阳极接二极管D33的阳极，二极管D33的阴极接二极管D31的阳极，功率管S3的漏极接二极管D31的阴极，功率管S3的源极接二极管D33的阳极组成，第四双向开关管M4由二极管D41的阴极接二极管D42的阴极，二极管D42的阳极接二极管D44的阴极，二极管D44的阳极接二极管D43的阳极，二极管D43的阴极接二极管D41的阳极，功率管S4的漏极接二极管D41的阴极，功率管S4的源极接二极管D43的阳极组成。驱动电路提供功率管S1、S2、S3、S4所需要的驱动信号，电路拓扑结构为降压变换器，主电路中各电容和双向开关管两端的电压等于输入电压的1/2，并且不含有直流分量，可以实现固定电压变比1/2。A switched capacitor AC voltage regulator, the input end of which is connected to an AC voltage source, the output end is connected to a load circuit, and the main circuit consists of capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 and bidirectional switch tubes M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4 , the anode of the input voltage source u i is connected to the input terminal of the first bidirectional switch M1 , the output terminal of the first bidirectional switch M1 is connected to the input terminal of the second bidirectional switch M2 , and the second The output end of the bidirectional switch M2 is connected to the input end of the third bidirectional switch M3 , the output end of the third bidirectional switch M3 is connected to the input end of the fourth bidirectional switch M4 , and the fourth bidirectional switch M The output terminal of 4 is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply u i , the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the input terminal of the second bidirectional switch M2 and the output terminal of the third bidirectional switch M3 , and the second capacitor is connected in parallel to the first bidirectional switch M3 The input terminal of the switch tube M1 and the output terminal of the second bidirectional switch tube M2 , the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel to the input terminal of the third bidirectional switch tube M3 and the output terminal of the fourth bidirectional switch tube M4 , the load resistor R 0 is connected in parallel with both ends of the third capacitor C 3 , the first bidirectional switch M 1 connects the cathode of the diode D 11 to the cathode of the diode D 12 , the anode of the diode D 12 connects to the cathode of the diode D 14 , and the anode of the diode D 14 The anode of diode D13 is connected, the cathode of diode D13 is connected to the anode of diode D11 , the drain of power tube S1 is connected to the cathode of diode D11 , the source of power tube S1 is connected to the anode of diode D13 , the second The bidirectional switch M2 is connected by the cathode of diode D 21 to the cathode of diode D 22 , the anode of diode D 22 is connected to the cathode of diode D 24 , the anode of diode D 24 is connected to the anode of diode D 23 , and the cathode of diode D 23 is connected to diode D 21 anode, the drain of the power transistor S2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D21 , the source of the power transistor S2 is connected to the anode of the diode D23 , and the third bidirectional switch M3 is composed of the cathode of the diode D31 connected to the diode D32 The cathode of diode D32 , the anode of diode D32 is connected to the cathode of diode D34 , the anode of diode D34 is connected to the anode of diode D33 , the cathode of diode D33 is connected to the anode of diode D31 , and the drain of power tube S3 is connected to diode D31 The cathode of the power tube S3 is connected to the anode of the diode D33 , the fourth bidirectional switch M4 is composed of the cathode of the diode D41 connected to the cathode of the diode D42 , the anode of the diode D42 is connected to the cathode of the diode D44 , The anode of diode D44 is connected to the anode of diode D43 , the cathode of diode D43 is connected to the anode of diode D41 , the drain of power transistor S4 is connected to the cathode of diode D41 , and the source of power transistor S4 is connected to that of diode D43 Anode composition. The driving circuit provides the driving signals required by the power transistors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , and S 4 . The circuit topology is a step-down converter. The voltage at both ends of each capacitor and bidirectional switch in the main circuit is equal to 1/2 of the input voltage , and does not contain a DC component, and can achieve a fixed voltage ratio of 1/2.
本发明采用上述技术方案，具有以下有益效果：The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1)调压器的固定电压变比为1/2。(1) The fixed voltage ratio of the voltage regulator is 1/2.
(2)电容作为储能元件，不含有磁性元件，减小了电磁干扰，提高了调压器的使用寿命。(2) As an energy storage element, the capacitor does not contain magnetic elements, which reduces electromagnetic interference and improves the service life of the voltage regulator.
(3)调压器的体积和重量大大减小，提高了功率密度和调压器的效率。(3) The volume and weight of the voltage regulator are greatly reduced, which improves the power density and efficiency of the voltage regulator.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型一种开关电容型交流调压器主电路拓扑图Figure 1 is a topological diagram of the main circuit of a switched capacitor AC voltage regulator of the present invention
图2是本实用新型单管双向电子开关Fig. 2 is the utility model single-tube two-way electronic switch
图3是本实用新型驱动信号波形图Fig. 3 is the utility model drive signal waveform diagram
图中标号说明：ui为交流电压源；C1、C2、C3分别为第一、第二、第三电容；M1、M2、M3、M4分别为第一、第二、第三、第四双向开关管；R0为负载电阻；uo为输出电压；第一双向开关管M1由二极管D11、D12、D13、D14和功率管S1组合而成；第二双向开关管M2由二极管D21、D22、D23、D24和功率管S2组合而成；第三双向开关管M3由二极管D31、D32、D33、D34和功率管S3组合而成；第四双向开关管M4由二极管D41、D42、D43、D44和功率管S4组合而成；D为PWM波的占空比；TS为功率管的开关周期。Explanation of symbols in the figure: u i is an AC voltage source; C 1 , C 2 , and C 3 are respectively the first, second, and third capacitors; M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , and M 4 are respectively the first and second capacitors. , the third and the fourth bidirectional switch; R 0 is the load resistance; u o is the output voltage; the first bidirectional switch M 1 is composed of diodes D 11 , D 12 , D 13 , D 14 and power tube S 1 ; The second bidirectional switch M 2 is composed of diodes D 21 , D 22 , D 23 , D 24 and power tube S 2 ; the third bidirectional switch M 3 is composed of diodes D 31 , D 32 , D 33 , D 34 combined with power tube S3 ; the fourth bidirectional switch tube M4 is composed of diodes D41 , D42 , D43 , D44 and power tube S4 ; D is the duty ratio of PWM wave; T S is The switching cycle of the power tube.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对实用新型的技术方案进行详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of utility model is described in detail:
如图1所示，一种开关电容型交流调压器，可以实现uo＝1/2ui。主电路中含有4个双向开关管分别是M1、M2、M3、M4，3个电容分别是C1、C2、C3。输出电阻RO两端的电压uo为该开关电容型交流调压器的输出电压，电容C1维持电容C2和电容C3两端的电压平衡。在整个电压周期中，各个电容和双向开关管两端的电压都等于输入电压的1/2。As shown in Figure 1, a switched capacitor AC voltage regulator can realize u o =1/2u i . The main circuit contains four bidirectional switch tubes respectively M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , and M 4 , and three capacitors respectively C 1 , C 2 , and C 3 . The voltage u o at both ends of the output resistor R O is the output voltage of the switched capacitor AC voltage regulator, and the capacitor C 1 maintains the voltage balance at both ends of the capacitor C 2 and the capacitor C 3 . During the entire voltage cycle, the voltages across each capacitor and bidirectional switch are equal to 1/2 of the input voltage.
在一个开关周期中，调压器有两种工作状态，以输入电压正半周期为例，工作状态描述如下：In a switching cycle, the voltage regulator has two working states. Taking the positive half cycle of the input voltage as an example, the working states are described as follows:
第一个状态：双向开关管M1、M3闭合，双向开关管M2、M4断开。在这种状态下，电容C1充电。首先，电容C2放电，电容C3充电，直到电路中的电流减小为零。电容C2开始充电，电容C3开始放电直到这个状态结束。在这整个状态过程中，电容C1一直充电，电能由输入电源ui传输给电路。这个状态结束时，双向开关管M1、M3断开，双向开关管M2、M4闭合。The first state: the two-way switch tubes M 1 and M 3 are closed, and the two-way switch tubes M 2 and M 4 are off. In this state, capacitor C1 is charged. First, capacitor C2 is discharged and capacitor C3 is charged until the current in the circuit decreases to zero. Capacitor C2 starts to charge and capacitor C3 starts to discharge until this state is over. During this entire state process, the capacitor C1 has been charged, and the electric energy is transmitted to the circuit by the input power supply u i . When this state ends, the bidirectional switch tubes M 1 and M 3 are turned off, and the bidirectional switch tubes M 2 and M 4 are closed.
第二个状态：双向开关管M1、M3断开，双向开关管M2、M4闭合。首先，电路将电能传输给输入电源ui。在这个状态下，电容C1放电。电容C2充电，电容C3放电，直到电路中的电流减小为零，此时电能由输入电源ui传输给电路。电容C2开始放电，电容C3开始充电，直到这个状态结束。在这整个状态过程中，电容C1一直放电。这个状态结束时，双向开关管M1、M3闭合，双向开关管M2、M4断开。The second state: the bidirectional switch tubes M 1 and M 3 are turned off, and the bidirectional switch tubes M 2 and M 4 are closed. First, the circuit transfers power to the input source u i . In this state, capacitor C1 is discharged. Capacitor C 2 is charged, and capacitor C 3 is discharged until the current in the circuit decreases to zero, at this time the electric energy is transmitted to the circuit by the input power supply u i . Capacitor C2 starts to discharge and capacitor C3 starts to charge until this state ends. During this whole state, the capacitor C1 has been discharged. When this state ends, the bidirectional switch tubes M 1 and M 3 are closed, and the bidirectional switch tubes M 2 and M 4 are turned off.
第二个状态结束后，新的开关周期从第一种状态开始。After the second state ends, a new switching cycle starts from the first state.
在输入电压源的负半周期，调压器有着相似的工作状态，只是电流的方向相反。During the negative half cycle of the input voltage source, the voltage regulator has a similar operating state, but the direction of the current flow is reversed.
综上所述，本实用新型所述的一种开关电容型交流调压器，仅以电容作为储能元件，驱动信号控制功率开关管的导通与关断，从而控制电容的充放电时间，实现了输入输出电压的固定变比为1/2，降低了调压器的体积，提高了调压器的功率密度。In summary, the switched capacitor AC voltage regulator described in the utility model only uses the capacitor as the energy storage element, and the driving signal controls the conduction and shutdown of the power switch tube, thereby controlling the charging and discharging time of the capacitor. The fixed transformation ratio of input and output voltage is 1/2, which reduces the volume of the voltage regulator and improves the power density of the voltage regulator.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052307A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-17 | 厦门大学 | Bridge type modular multi-level two-way switched capacitor alternating current-alternating current converter |
| CN104852595A (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2015-08-19 | 厦门大学 | Bridge modular multilevel switched capacitor AC-AC converter commutation method |
| CN105305838A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 梁正 | Capacitor voltage division type alternating current voltage regulator |
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2013
- 2013-07-02 CN CN201320403196XU patent/CN203339962U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052307A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-17 | 厦门大学 | Bridge type modular multi-level two-way switched capacitor alternating current-alternating current converter |
| CN104052307B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-06-30 | 厦门大学 | A kind of bridge type modular multi-level two-way switch electric capacity AC-AC Conversion device |
| CN104852595A (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2015-08-19 | 厦门大学 | Bridge modular multilevel switched capacitor AC-AC converter commutation method |
| CN105305838A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 梁正 | Capacitor voltage division type alternating current voltage regulator |
| CN105305838B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-11-28 | 浙江金冠特种变压器有限公司 | A kind of capacitance-voltage-distributing type AC voltage regulator |
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Granted publication date: 20131211 Termination date: 20160702 |