CN114465415A - 一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法 - Google Patents

一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法 Download PDF

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CN114465415A
CN114465415A CN202111534125.9A CN202111534125A CN114465415A CN 114465415 A CN114465415 A CN 114465415A CN 202111534125 A CN202111534125 A CN 202111534125A CN 114465415 A CN114465415 A CN 114465415A
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running
circuit
capacitor
power factor
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樊宗庭
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Ningxia Hongfeng Special Alloy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0856Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0856Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken
    • H02H7/0859Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken avoiding restarting after fault condition has disappeared
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/30Structural association of asynchronous induction motors with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristics of the motor or controlling the motor, e.g. with impedances or switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/027Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an over-current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/032Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法,属于异步电动机技术领域,本发明包括如下步骤:步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装离心开关;步骤二、在离心开关电路上串联启动电容;步骤三、在电动机运行电路上并联运行电容;步骤四、在运行电容和启动电容后安装稳压器;步骤五、在电动机运行电路上安装主副绕组。本发明根据当前异步电动机的运行状态情况,计算异步电动机当前功率因数,得出需要提高的功率因数,选配合适的电容器,加装在就地,利用智能技术装置,装置会根据异步电动机运行情况自动切投,完成减少无功损失,达到节电效果。

Description

一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及异步电动机技术领域,具体为一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法。
背景技术
感应电动机又称“异步电动机”,是将转子置于旋转磁场中,在旋转磁场的作用下,获得一个转动力矩,因而转子转动的装置,转子是可转动的导体,通常多呈鼠笼状,定子是电动机中不转动的部分,主要任务是产生一个旋转磁场,旋转磁场并不是用机械方法来实现,而是以交流电通于数对电磁铁中,使其磁极性质循环改变,故相当于一个旋转的磁场,这种电动机并不像直流电动机有电刷或集电环,依据所用交流电的种类有单相电动机和三相电动机,单相电动机用在如洗衣机,电风扇等;三相电动机则作为工厂的动力设备。
现有的异步电动机,在工作运行过程中,电路行程中各种元器件连接,容易使得电路不够平稳,容易产生波动,导致异步电动机的功率因数低,影响耗能,且不够安全稳定,同时电路使用过程中,往往会由于电压不稳或者异常断电等现象,使得异步电动机使用过程中存在安全隐患,降低异步电动机使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:为了解决异步电动机功率因数低和异步电动机运行过程中电路不够安全的问题,提供一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数、节电就地处理方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装离心开关;
步骤二、在离心开关电路上串联启动电容;
步骤三、在电动机运行电路上并联运行电容;
步骤四、在运行电容和启动电容后安装稳压器;
步骤五、在电动机运行电路上安装主副绕组。
优选地,所述步骤一中的离心开关和步骤二中的运行电容并联连接在电源开启处,所述步骤四中的稳压器设置有两个,两个所述稳压器分别与运行电容和启动电容串联连接,所述步骤五中的主副绕组相互并联设置。
优选地,所述步骤一中的离心开关用于控制启动线圈,所述离心开关在当电动机的转速达到额定转速的80%左右时,离心开关的触点就会断开,从而切断了启动电容与电路的连接,此时电动机电流减小,电动机进入了正常的运行状态。
优选地,所述步骤二中的启动电容只在电动机启动过程中工作,当转速达到一定值时就及时退出,所述启动电容的容量相对较大,可以保证电动机有较高的启动转知矩。
优选地,所述步骤三中的运行电容只在电动机工作时起作用,运转电容的电容量相对较小,可以保证有较好的运转特性。
一种提高低压异步电动机节电就地处理方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装动合辅助触点、停止按钮和热继电器;
步骤二、在电动机运行电路上安装接触器;
优选地,所述步骤一中的热继电器在电路中起过载保护作用,其热元件串接在主电路中,动断触点串接在控制电路中,当电路发生过载故障时,电动机定子绕组中的电流会大大增加超过额定值,过大电流所产生的热量会使热继电器中的金属片弯曲从而推动其动断触点断开,切断控制电路,接触器线圈失电,主触点和自锁触点分断,从而避免电动机因长时间过载而烧毁。
优选地,当电路电压下降到指额定电压的85%,所述步骤二中的接触器线圈电压降低,磁力减小,动铁芯释放,主触点和自锁触点分断,电动机停转,从而避免电动机在欠电压下运行。
优选地,当电动机运行过程中由于外界原因引起突然断电时,所述步骤二中的接触器触点分断,电动机停转,在电源恢复供电时,电动机不会自行起动,保证了人身和设备安全,从而避免电动机在失压下运行。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明通过设置离心开关、启动电容、运行电容和稳压器,在当电动机的转速达到额定转速的80%左右时,离心开关的触点就会断开,从而切断了启动电容与电路的连接,此时电动机电流减小,电动机进入了正常的运行状态,启动电容只在电动机启动过程中工作,当转速达到一定值时就及时退出,所述启动电容的容量相对较大,可以保证电动机有较高的启动转知矩,运行电容只在电动机工作时起作用,运转电容的电容量相对较小,可以保证有较好的运转特性,根据当前异步电动机的运行状态情况,计算异步电动机当前功率因数,得出需要提高的功率因数,选配合适的电容器,加装在就地,利用智能技术装置,装置会根据异步电动机运行情况自动切投,完成减少无功损失,达到节电效果,避免了异步电动机功率因数低的情况。
2、本发明通过设置动合辅助触点、停止按钮、热继电器和装接触器,热继电器在电路中起过载保护作用,其热元件串接在主电路中,动断触点串接在控制电路中,当电路发生过载故障时,电动机定子绕组中的电流会大大增加超过额定值,过大电流所产生的热量会使热继电器中的金属片弯曲从而推动其动断触点断开,切断控制电路,接触器线圈失电,主触点和自锁触点分断,从而避免电动机因长时间过载而烧毁,当电路电压下降到指额定电压的85%,接触器线圈电压降低,磁力减小,动铁芯释放,主触点和自锁触点分断,电动机停转,从而避免电动机在欠电压下运行,当电动机运行过程中由于外界原因引起突然断电时,接触器触点分断,电动机停转,在电源恢复供电时,电动机不会自行起动,保证了人身和设备安全,从而避免电动机在失压下运行,避免了异步电动机运行过程中电路不够安全的情况。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一:
一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装离心开关;
步骤二、在离心开关电路上串联启动电容;
步骤三、在电动机运行电路上并联运行电容;
步骤四、在运行电容和启动电容后安装稳压器;
步骤五、在电动机运行电路上安装主副绕组。
本发明中,在当电动机的转速达到额定转速的80%左右时,离心开关的触点就会断开,从而切断了启动电容与电路的连接,此时电动机电流减小,电动机进入了正常的运行状态,启动电容只在电动机启动过程中工作,当转速达到一定值时就及时退出,所述启动电容的容量相对较大,可以保证电动机有较高的启动转知矩,运行电容只在电动机工作时起作用,运转电容的电容量相对较小,可以保证有较好的运转特性,根据当前异步电动机的运行状态情况,计算异步电动机当前功率因数,得出需要提高的功率因数,选配合适的电容器,加装在就地,利用智能技术装置,装置会根据异步电动机运行情况自动切投,完成减少无功损失,达到节电效果。
一种提高低压异步电动机节电就地处理方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装动合辅助触点、停止按钮和热继电器;
步骤二、在电动机运行电路上安装接触器。
本发明中,热继电器在电路中起过载保护作用,其热元件串接在主电路中,动断触点串接在控制电路中,当电路发生过载故障时,电动机定子绕组中的电流会大大增加超过额定值,过大电流所产生的热量会使热继电器中的金属片弯曲从而推动其动断触点断开,切断控制电路,接触器线圈失电,主触点和自锁触点分断,从而避免电动机因长时间过载而烧毁,当电路电压下降到指额定电压的85%,接触器线圈电压降低,磁力减小,动铁芯释放,主触点和自锁触点分断,电动机停转,从而避免电动机在欠电压下运行,当电动机运行过程中由于外界原因引起突然断电时,接触器触点分断,电动机停转,在电源恢复供电时,电动机不会自行起动,保证了人身和设备安全。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (9)

1.一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装离心开关;
步骤二、在离心开关电路上串联启动电容;
步骤三、在电动机运行电路上并联运行电容;
步骤四、在运行电容和启动电容后安装稳压器;
步骤五、在电动机运行电路上安装主副绕组。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:所述步骤一中的离心开关和步骤二中的运行电容并联连接在电源开启处,所述步骤四中的稳压器设置有两个,两个所述稳压器分别与运行电容和启动电容串联连接,所述步骤五中的主副绕组相互并联设置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:所述步骤一中的离心开关用于控制启动线圈,所述离心开关在当电动机的转速达到额定转速的80%左右时,离心开关的触点就会断开,从而切断了启动电容与电路的连接,此时电动机电流减小,电动机进入了正常的运行状态。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:所述步骤二中的启动电容只在电动机启动过程中工作,当转速达到一定值时就及时退出,所述启动电容的容量相对较大,可以保证电动机有较高的启动转知矩。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:所述步骤三中的运行电容只在电动机工作时起作用,运转电容的电容量相对较小,可以保证有较好的运转特性。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高低压异步电动机节电就地处理方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、在电动机运行电路上安装动合辅助触点、停止按钮和热继电器;
步骤二、在电动机运行电路上安装接触器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:所述步骤一中的热继电器在电路中起过载保护作用,其热元件串接在主电路中,动断触点串接在控制电路中,当电路发生过载故障时,电动机定子绕组中的电流会大大增加超过额定值,过大电流所产生的热量会使热继电器中的金属片弯曲从而推动其动断触点断开,切断控制电路,接触器线圈失电,主触点和自锁触点分断,从而避免电动机因长时间过载而烧毁。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:当电路电压下降到指额定电压的85%,所述步骤二中的接触器线圈电压降低,磁力减小,动铁芯释放,主触点和自锁触点分断,电动机停转,从而避免电动机在欠电压下运行。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种提高低压异步电动机功率因数,其特征在于:当电动机运行过程中由于外界原因引起突然断电时,所述步骤二中的接触器触点分断,电动机停转,在电源恢复供电时,电动机不会自行起动,保证了人身和设备安全,从而避免电动机在失压下运行。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117639391A (zh) * 2024-01-26 2024-03-01 上海舟水电器有限公司 一种节能防水电机及吸尘器
CN117639391B (zh) * 2024-01-26 2024-04-05 上海舟水电器有限公司 一种节能防水电机及吸尘器

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