CN114460475B - Battery OCV determining method and device and battery SOC estimating method - Google Patents
Battery OCV determining method and device and battery SOC estimating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114460475B CN114460475B CN202210379077.9A CN202210379077A CN114460475B CN 114460475 B CN114460475 B CN 114460475B CN 202210379077 A CN202210379077 A CN 202210379077A CN 114460475 B CN114460475 B CN 114460475B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
- G01R31/3832—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration without measurement of battery voltage
- G01R31/3833—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration without measurement of battery voltage using analog integrators, e.g. coulomb-meters
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for determining battery OCV (open Circuit control)The method comprises the following steps of S100: real-time detection of current I of batteryBATAnd voltage VBAT(ii) a Step S200: using the current OCV of the battery as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr is equal to (V)BAT+IBATR) is the internal resistance R of the battery; step S300: if the current I isBATGreater than a set current threshold IrefStep S400 is executed, and a first mode of calculating the OCV value of the battery is adopted; otherwise, steps S500 to S700 are executed, and the second calculation manner of the OCV value of the battery is adopted. The method for determining the OCV of the battery provided by the invention is suitable for the state of the battery to provide the OCV, and the obtained OCV of the battery has small error and no jump. The invention also provides an estimation method of the battery SOC, the estimated battery SOC has the advantages of small error, no jump and the like, and good user experience is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery OCV (open Circuit voltage) determining method and device, a battery SOC (State of Charge) estimating method, a battery chip, a readable storage medium and electronic equipment.
Background
The coulometer is a general coulometer which adopts the integral calculation of battery current to time, and has the advantage of good linearity, but because the real current measurement has deviation, especially the deviation proportion is increased under small current, after long-time operation, the current coulomb integral is inaccurate to cause deviation, and long-time non-calibration can cause large accumulative error. The conventional coulombmeter generally calibrates the accumulated error when full charge and emptying, the improved coulombmeter considers that a user may not fully charge or empty the battery for a long time actually, so a specific low-charge point is selected for calibration, the specific point is called an EDV point, and once the point is discharged to the EDV point, no matter what the charge displayed by the coulombmeter is, the coulombmeter reports a percentage charge value (also called a charge state, SOC) corresponding to the EDV, for example, 7%. However, the electric quantity corresponding to the EDV point is still relatively low, and is not easy to reach in practical application, so that a fuel gauge manufacturer provides a method for calibrating the coulombmeter accumulated error by using the battery OCV (Open circuit voltage, which refers to the Open circuit voltage of the battery, namely the battery is not discharged/charged and the potential difference between two poles of the battery at the time of Open circuit) by reading the battery voltage when the battery is standing in the use process, and the coulombmeter accumulated error is calibrated without the need of low or full charge of the battery, and the occurrence of the accumulated error is eliminated to a greater extent.
Although the method for calibrating the coulombmeter by using the battery OCV can realize the calibration of the coulombmeter without a low-power or full-power condition, the method needs to read the battery OCV, the battery OCV needs to be in a static state (or a small charging and discharging current) for a long time, and once a large charging and discharging current occurs, even if the battery current is 0, the battery also needs a long time to stabilize the voltage at two ends of the battery to the battery OCV. In a real application scene of the battery, the battery is rarely in a low-current charging and discharging state (namely a standing state) for a long time, for example, in mobile phone application, even if the mobile phone is turned off, the mobile phone can be awakened at regular time, and a large load can be generated at the moment, so that the voltage of the battery is unstable, and the terminal voltage of the battery is difficult to be equal to the OCV voltage of the battery. In addition, if the OCV of the battery is read successfully, the fuel gauge updates a new percentage electric quantity SOC value according to the newly read OCV of the battery, and at this time, the SOC value calculated by the original coulometer jumps instantly to the SOC value calculated by the OCV of the battery, which causes poor user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above situation, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for determining OCV of a battery, and a method for estimating SOC of a battery, which solve the problems that OCV of a battery is difficult to obtain and SOC is jumped.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for determining an OCV of a battery includes a step S100: real-time detection of current I of batteryBATAnd voltage VBAT(ii) a Step S200: using the current OCV of the battery as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR) is the internal resistance R of the battery; step S300: if the current I isBATGreater than a set current threshold value IrefExecuting step S400; otherwise, executing steps S500 to S700; step S400: updating the battery according to the charging and discharging process of the batteryOCVOLDOCV was obtainedNEWReturning to step S100, the OCVNEWAs the current battery OCV; step S500: according to said voltage V of a plurality of pointsBATTo obtain a voltage V by fittingBATFunction V as a function of time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATThe battery is in a fully standing state at the time point of t 1; step S600: calculating a virtual current ISIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre) R; step S700: virtual current ISIMCalculating the change of the battery capacity by integrating time within a time period (ta, tb), wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the time point ta is OCVOLDAnd tb is a current time point according to a pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDAnd OCV is obtained by calculationNEWAnd then returns to step S100, the OCVNEWThe battery OCV at time tb.
Preferably, step S500 includes: step S510: obtaining said function V by means of logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t); and step S520: calculating VBAT（t1），OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
Preferably, in step S600: the battery internal resistance R is a fixed value, or the battery internal resistance R is updated and adjusted according to one or more of the ambient temperature, the battery charge state or the battery aging degree.
Preferably, step S700 includes: step S710: calculating the time integral of the virtual current ISIM in a time period (ta, tb) to obtain a battery capacity variation deltaQ; step S720: calculation of OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
Preferably, step S400 includes: step S410: current IBATObtaining the battery capacity change value in the time period (Ta, Tb) by integrating the time in the time period (Ta, Tb), wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the Ta time point is OCVOLDTb is the current time point; step S420: according to the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity change value and the OCVOLDCalculating to obtain OCVNEW，OCVNEWBattery OCV at time Tb.
The application also provides a battery OCV determining device which is characterized by comprising a current detection module for detecting the current voltage I of the battery in real timeBAT(ii) a A voltage detection module for detecting the current voltage V of the battery in real timeBAT；OCVOLDA determination module; for taking the current battery OCV as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR) is the internal resistance R of the battery; a judging module for judging the current IBATWhether or not it is greater than the set current threshold IrefIf the current I isBATGreater than a set current threshold IrefDetermining the OCV of the battery by the first battery OCV calculation module, and otherwise, determining the OCV of the battery by the second battery OCV calculation module; a first battery OCV calculation module; for updating the OCV according to the charge and discharge process of the batteryOLDOCV was obtainedNEW(ii) a The second battery OCV calculation module includes: OCVpreA prediction module for predicting the voltage V according to a plurality of pointsBATTo obtain a voltage V by fittingBATFunction V as a function of time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATThe battery is in a fully standing state at the time point of t 1; a virtual current calculating module for calculating a virtual current ISIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre) R; a second battery OCV calculation submodule for calculating a virtual current ISIMIntegrating time in a time period (ta, tb) to obtain a battery capacity change, wherein OCV of the battery corresponding to the time point ta is OCVOLDAnd tb is the current time point according to the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDOCV is obtained by calculationNEWSaid OCVNEW is the battery OCV at time tb.
Preferably, the virtual current calculation module adoptsObtaining the function V by logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t); calculating OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
Preferably, the internal resistance of the battery used in the calculation of the virtual current calculation module is a fixed value, or the internal resistance of the battery is updated and adjusted according to one or more of the ambient temperature, the charge state of the battery, or the aging degree of the battery.
Preferably, the second battery OCV calculation submodule is operable to calculate a virtual current ISIMObtaining a battery capacity variation deltaQ for a time integral over a time period (ta, tb); calculation of OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
The present application provides a method for estimating battery SOC, which estimates the SOC of a battery using the current OCV of the battery obtained by the method for determining the OCV of the battery as described above.
Preferably, the estimating of the SOC of the battery using the current OCV of the battery includes: determining the SOC of the battery according to the OCV curve; or calculating the residual capacity of the battery according to the OCV, and then calculating according to the residual capacity to obtain the SOC; or updating the internal resistance R of the battery according to the OCV, and then calculating the SOC based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
The present application also provides an estimation device of a battery SOC, including: the battery OCV determination device as described above, for determining the battery OCV; and the battery SOC estimation module is used for estimating the SOC of the battery by using the OCV of the battery.
Preferably, the manner in which the battery SOC estimation module estimates the SOC of the battery using the battery OCV includes: determining the SOC of the battery according to the OCV curve (without problems), or calculating the residual capacity of the battery according to the OCV curve and then calculating the SOC according to the residual capacity; or updating the internal resistance R of the battery according to the OCV of the battery, and then calculating the SOC based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
The present application further provides a battery metering chip, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor can execute the computer program to implement the method for determining the OCV of the battery as described above or to implement the method for estimating the SOC of the battery as described above.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is capable of implementing a method of determining the OCV of a battery as described above, or implementing a method of estimating the SOC of a battery as described above.
The present application also provides an electronic device comprising a battery, said battery OCV being determined using the method of determining battery OCV as described above, or comprising the battery OCV determining means as described above for determining said battery OCV.
The present application also provides an electronic device comprising a battery, the SOC of which is estimated using the estimation method of the battery SOC as described above, or comprising an estimation apparatus of the battery SOC as described above, which is used to estimate the SOC of the battery.
According to the method for determining the OCV of the battery, different OCV determining methods are provided under different current sizes, the OCV can be provided according to the state of the battery, and the error size between the OCV and the true OCV of the battery is reduced. According to the method and the device, when the current IBAT is smaller than the current threshold value, a function of the change of the voltage VBAT along with the time t is fitted through the change trend of the voltage VBAT of a plurality of points, the OCVpre after the battery is fully settled is calculated through the function, and the battery standing time required by calculating the accurate battery OCV is greatly reduced. Virtual current ISIM is calculated according to OCVpre, and battery OCV is calculated by combining an OCV curve and the integral of the virtual current ISIM to time.
The battery OCV determining device provided by the application also has the advantages of accurate calculation of the battery OCV, no jump and the like.
The estimation method of battery SOC who this application provided, the definite method of battery OCV who provides through this application provides accurate, no jump OCV, can calibrate battery SOC, improves the accuracy that battery SOC estimated, and the jump can not appear in the SOC value, has ensured user experience.
Other advantages of the present invention will be described in the detailed description, which is provided by the technical features and technical solutions.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of a method for determining the OCV of the battery according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining OCV of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. .
FIG. 2 shows the voltage V obtained by log fitting in one embodiment of step S500BATFunction V as a function of time tBAT（t）=Y（t）。
FIG. 3 shows predicted OCVpreAnd OCVtrueError magnitude diagram of (1).
FIG. 4 is VBATAnd predicted OCV obtainedtrueError magnitude diagram of (1).
Fig. 5 and 6 are a set of simulation parameter graphs of the battery entering a static state, wherein the parameters are calculated by using the existing calibration-free coulomb calculation method.
Fig. 7 and fig. 8 are another set of simulation parameter diagrams of the battery entering the static state, wherein the parameters are calculated by adopting the scheme provided by the application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to avoid obscuring the nature of the present invention, and well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail.
Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, what is meant is "including, but not limited to".
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The first embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining an OCV of a battery, by which an accurate and jump-free OCV value of the battery can be calculated without the need for a long-time standing of the battery. Specifically, according to the method for determining the battery OCV, different battery OCV calculation modes are provided under different battery states, the different battery OCV calculation modes are matched, the battery standing time is shortened, an accurate battery OCV value is provided, and the calculation amount is small. The different battery states can be defined according to the magnitude of the battery current, in the application, when the battery current is greater than a set current threshold value, a battery OCV calculation mode is provided, and when the battery current is less than the set current threshold value, another battery OCV calculation mode is provided.
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining an OCV of a battery, which includes steps S100 to S700.
In step S100, the current I of the battery is detected in real timeBATAnd voltage VBAT。
Current I of the batteryBATAnd voltage V of the batteryBATThe detection provision may be performed by a detection module built into the battery or a detection module external to the battery. As an embodiment, a battery detection module and a voltage detection module are provided, and the battery detection module detects the current I of the battery in real timeBATThe voltage detection module detects the voltage V of the battery in real timeBAT. Electric currentIBATAnd voltageVBATThe acquisition mode is not limited, and the current I of the battery can be determined in real time in any modeBATAnd voltage VBAT。
In step S200, the current battery OCV is taken as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR), R is the internal resistance R of the cell.
At the start of battery operation, the battery OCV has an initial value. As an example, the initial value may be directly based on the voltage V of the batteryBATDetermining, if an initial value of the OCV of the battery is equal to a voltage V detected when the battery starts operatingBAT. As another example, consider a battery with an internal resistance R, OCV = VBAT+IBATR, initial value of battery OCV equal to (V)BAT+IBATR). It will be appreciated that at the start of battery operation, an initial value is assigned which, in error with the true battery OCV, is the OCV that needs to be updated to progressively approximate the true battery OCV, and is the OCV to be updatedOLD. It is understood that this initial value of the battery OCV is used only when the battery starts to operate, and this initial value is updated in subsequent calculations to obtain a battery OCV with a reduced error, which is to be used as the OCV to be updated in the next calculationOLD。
In step S300, if the current IBATGreater than a set current threshold IrefExecuting step S400; otherwise, executing steps S500 to S700.
Due to battery current IBATThe measurement has deviation, especially the deviation proportion is increased under small current, the current IBATThe increase in error causes an increase in the calculation deviation of the OCV of the battery, which is large particularly after the battery is operated for a long time. The present application provides for high currents (greater than current threshold I)ref) And small current (less than current threshold I)ref) The case of (1) provides different battery OCV calculation methods. Specifically, in the case of a large current, the battery OCV is calculated by step S400; when it is determined that the battery enters a low current state, that is, the battery enters a static state (neither discharged nor charged), a state different from a large current is providedThe method for calculating the OCV of the battery in the flow state specifically comprises steps S500 to S700.
In step S400, the OCV is updated according to the charge and discharge process of the batteryOLDOCV was obtainedNEWReturning to step S100, the OCVNEWAs the current battery OCV.
It is to be understood that, in step S400, the current battery OCV (i.e., OCV) may be obtained by any prior art calculationNEW）。
As an example, the OCV-capacity variation curve (abbreviated as "OCV curve" throughout the rest of the text), OCV, is combinedOLDCurrent IBATAnd time T updates the OCVOLDOCV was obtainedNEW. As is well known, there is a law for batteries: under the same condition, the curve of the open-circuit voltage (battery OCV) of the battery relative to the state of charge is basically unchanged, the deviation is small, therefore, a plurality of battery OCVs can be obtained by standing measurement after the battery discharges continuously under light load or the battery discharges a certain proportion of electric quantity, the OCVs correspond to the capacity percentages one by one, the OCV curve of the battery can be established, and the curve can be prestored. It is understood that the curve may be established in many ways, and is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the OCV curve, OCV, is combinedOLDCurrent IBATAnd time T updates the OCVOLDOCV was obtainedNEWMay include step S410 and step S420.
In step S410, the current IBATObtaining the battery capacity change value in the time period (Ta, Tb) by integrating the time in the time period (Ta, Tb), wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the Ta time point is OCVOLDAnd Tb is the current time point.
In step S420, the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation value and the OCV are usedOLDOCV is obtained through calculationNEW，OCVNEWBattery OCV at time Tb.
The OCV curve includes several discrete battery OCV values and corresponding capacity percentages for the battery OCV values. For example, the OCV curve if the OCV electricity of the battery is selected according to 21 points (4350 mV, 4300mV, 4250mV … …)Voltage value, assuming a battery capacity of 1000mAh, OCV voltage value of each battery is 5% capacity (50 mAh) corresponding to battery discharge or charge, Ta is a time point when the battery is fully charged, and OCV of the battery in a fully charged state (i.e., OCV)OLD) 4350mV, during the time periods (Ta, Tb), with a current IBATThe accumulated discharge of 50mAh under the full-charge state of the battery is obtained by integrating the time, namely, the current battery OCV is considered to be 4300mV at the 2 nd point of the curve, namely, the current battery OCV (namely, the OCV) is obtainedNEW). If the amount of displacement is in the middle of two points of the curve, the OCV of the battery can be found by interpolation.
The above example illustrates one way in which OCV points are calculated by coulomb counting, and there are different coulomb counts that each calculate the current cell OCV, with the emphasis on how the cell OCV can be calculated in real time during cell operation.
As an example, directly with the detected voltage VBATOr (V)BAT+IBATR) as the current battery OCV.
In step S500, the voltage V is measured according to a plurality of pointsBATTo obtain a voltage V by fittingBATFunction V varying with time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATThe battery is in a fully standing state at the time point of t 1;
as an embodiment, step S500 includes step S510 and step S520.
In step S510, obtaining the function V by using logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t); and
in step S520, V is calculatedBAT（t1），OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
I.e. calculating V by logarithmic fitting in step S510BATBy which the voltage V of the battery after sufficient rest can be predictedBAT. Thus, there is no need to wait for a long time for the battery to enter a sufficiently stationary state. It will be appreciated that as the battery enters rest for a period of time that variesVoltage V of selected plurality of dotsBATThe longer the standing time is, the predicted OCVpreAnd true battery OCV (OCV)true) The smaller the error between. Function VBAT(t) = Y (t) is updated in real time in order to obtain an accurate predicted OCVpreAs a function of (c).
FIG. 2 shows the function V obtained in the specific exampleBAT(t) construction of the Voltage VBAT(t) = a x ln (t) + b, selecting a plurality of V just after the battery enters the battery static stateBATThe voltage values are selected, for example, at 9 th and 27 th seconds. VBAT(9)=a*ln（9）+b，VBAT（27）=a*ln（27）+b，VBAT(9) And VBAT(27) The cell voltages collected at 9 th and 27 th seconds after the standing were known quantities, and the parameter a and the parameter b were obtained by the formula. Then V at any subsequent timeBATCan be represented by the known formula VBAT(t) = a × ln (t) + b, and V after approximately 3600 seconds of standing is assumed to be obtained by experimentsBATAnd true battery OCV (OCV)true) The error is small enough, namely the battery is in a fully standing state under 3600 seconds; t1=3600 and OCVpre= VBAT (3600) = a × ln (3600) + b approximately equal to OCVtrue. Thus, we can obtain a far-ratio V when standing for 27 secondsBATCloser to the OCVtrueValue of (OCV)pre. If the OCV is calculated by taking points within a shorter standing timepreThe OCV can be obtained more quicklypreHowever, the OCV obtained by standing for a longer time with a larger errorpreWill be more accurate, OCV increases with standing time in the actual algorithmpreAlso updated, e.g. V at the beginning of the 9 th and 27 th secondsBATData, when standing to 74 seconds, can use the 27 th and 74 th seconds VBATCalculate a new OCVpre。
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 shows OCVpreAnd OCVtrueError of (2), FIG. 4 is VBATAnd OCVtrueCan see that OCV is very short in standingpreAnd OCVtrueError ratio of (VBAT) to (OCV)trueError in betweenThe difference is significantly reduced.
It will be appreciated that the function V is not limited to being determined by logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t), in fact, higher order, complex functions may be built to determine the function VBAT(t) = y (t), taking into account factors such as ambient temperature, battery charge amount, etc.
In the present application, the obtained OCV is predictedpreThe calculations in step S600 and step S700 are performed instead of directly taking the battery OCV as it is, to obtain a more accurate and jump-free battery OCV.
In step S600, a virtual current I is calculatedSIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre)/R。
The virtual current I obtainedSIMIn effect, the error current. As another embodiment, the internal resistance R of the battery is updated according to one or more of the ambient temperature of the battery, the charge state of the battery, or the aging degree of the battery, so that the internal resistance R of the battery is closer to the real internal resistance of the battery.
Continuing with the previous example, e.g. determining OCVpreThe cell OCV was 4300mV, and the cell OCV obtained in the previous calculation was 4350mV, i.e., OCVOLDThe concentration of the mixed solution is 4350 mV. I.C. ASIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre) /R, if the internal resistance of the battery R is constant at 1 omega, then ISIM=（4350-4300）/1=50mA。
In step S700, a dummy current ISIMCalculating the change of the battery capacity by integrating time within a time period (ta, tb), wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the time point ta is OCVOLDAnd tb is the current time point according to the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDOCV is obtained by calculationNEWAnd then returns to step S100, the OCVNEWThe battery OCV at time tb.
As an embodiment, step S700 includes step S710 and step S720.
In step S710, a virtual current I is calculatedSIMThe battery capacity change amount deltaQ is obtained by integrating over time over a period of time (ta, tb).
In step S720, OCV is calculatedNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ × P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
It is understood that the slope calculation of the OCV curve at the tb point can be calculated from the known two adjacent OCV point values and the corresponding capacity change amount, and the slope can be equal to the difference between the two adjacent OCV points divided by the corresponding capacity change amount of the two points.
As another example, if the OCV curve is a continuous curve, the OCV of the battery at the time point tb can be directly determined based on the change in the charge amount and the curve.
Follow the previous example as long as the OCVOLDNot equal to OCVpre，ISIMIt is not equal to 0. I isSIMNot equal to 0, bySIMTime integration yields the capacity, as calculated in 10 second time intervals, then 50 x 10=500mAS can be obtained. The novel OCV value OCV can be obtained by a coulometerNEW，OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ (500 mAS/50 mAh) (4350 mV-4300 mV). In a low current state, the current battery OCV will be the OCV to be updated in the next calculationOLDI.e. the determination of the OCV of the battery is an iterative process. Through multiple calculations, the parameters slowly stabilize to or tend to ISIM=0，OCVNEW=OCVpre=OCVture. At this time, it can be assumed that the current battery OCV is sufficiently accurate and the error is eliminated. If the standing time is very short, it is difficult to achieve OCV = OCVpre=OCVtureBut the error of the battery OCV is also reduced.
In the present application, the value of the battery OCV is not directly taken as the predicted OCVpreBut by iterative calculations. The benefits of iterative computation include the following two points:
first, a smooth approximation of the battery OCV to the OCV can be achieved by an iterative processpreAnd the larger the error is, the faster the approximation speed is, the smaller the error is, the slower the approximation speed is, and the error calibration efficiency can be well considered. Avoid directly taking the value of the battery OCV as the OCVpreIn time, the value of the battery OCV jumps.
Second, OCV at the time of initial standingpreOCV is not necessarily accurate, increasing with standing timepreWill be equal to or closer to OCVtureTherefore, let OCV = OCV directlypreThe error caused by the method is large, and the error of the OCV of the battery can be reduced through iterative calculation.
In the present application, OCV is obtainedNEWThe process of (1) is a linear interpolation process for the current integral re-lookup table (OCV curve), and the change of OCVNEW is smooth and non-jump all the time.
It is understood that the purpose of calculating the OCV value of the battery in the present embodiment is not limited, and the OCV value may be used for coulomb meter error calibration, directly calculating the SOC of the battery, learning internal resistance, and calculating the remaining capacity (RM)
A second embodiment of the present application provides a battery OCV determination device including a current detection module, a voltage detection module, an OCVOLDThe device comprises a determination module, a judgment module, a first battery OCV calculation module and a second battery OCV calculation module, wherein the current detection module is used for detecting the current I of the battery in real timeBATThe voltage detection module is used for detecting the current voltage V of the battery in real timeBAT，OCVOLDThe determination module is used for taking the current OCV of the battery as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR), R is the internal resistance R of the cell. The judging module is used for judging the current IBATWhether it is greater than a set current threshold value IrefIf current I is flowingBATGreater than a set current threshold IrefThe OCV of the battery is determined by the first battery OCV calculation module, and conversely, the OCV of the battery is determined by the second battery OCV calculation module.
The first battery OCV calculation module is used for updating the OCV according to the charge and discharge process of the batteryOLDOCV was obtainedNEW. The second battery OCV calculation module includes an OCVprePrediction module, virtual current calculation module and second battery OCV calculation submodule, in which OCVpreA prediction module for predicting the voltage V according to a plurality of pointsBATTo obtain a voltage V by fittingBATFunction V as a function of time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATAt time t1, the battery is in a sufficiently stationary state. The virtual current calculation module is used for calculating a virtual current ISIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre) and/R is as follows. The second OCV calculation submodule is used for calculating a virtual current ISIMIntegrating time in a time period (ta, tb) to obtain the change of the battery capacity, wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the ta time point is OCVOLDAnd tb is the current time point according to the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDAnd OCV is obtained by calculationNEWSaid OCVNEWThe battery OCV at time tb.
As an embodiment, the virtual current calculation module obtains the function V by using logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t); calculating OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
In one embodiment, the internal resistance of the battery used in the calculation of the virtual current calculation module is a fixed value, or the internal resistance of the battery is updated and adjusted according to one or more of the ambient temperature, the charge state of the battery, or the aging degree of the battery.
As an embodiment, the second battery OCV calculation submodule is used for calculating the virtual current ISIMObtaining a battery capacity variation deltaQ for a time integral over a time period (ta, tb); calculation of OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
A third embodiment of the present application provides a method for estimating battery SOC that estimates battery SOC using current battery OCV obtained using the method for determining battery OCV as provided in the first embodiment. As an example, the estimation of the battery SOC using the current OCV of the battery may be to determine the battery SOC according to the OCV curve, that is, directly determine the battery SOC by the correspondence between the OCV and the SOC. As an embodiment, the remaining capacity of the battery may be calculated according to the OCV of the battery, and the SOC of the battery may be calculated according to the remaining capacity. As an example, the battery OCV updates the internal resistance R of the battery, and then calculates the SOC of the battery based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
It is to be understood that the method for estimating the SOC of the battery by using the OCV of the battery is not limited, and the OCV of the battery may be used as one of the direct parameters or the indirect parameters to participate in the estimation of the SOC of the battery by any existing method.
It will be appreciated that in the case of small currents, the battery OCV is not calculated using the actually detected battery current IBAT, but rather by means of a virtual current ISIMThe OCV of the battery was calibrated. The calculation of the battery SOC can be made more accurate. It can be appreciated that the present application provides a coulomb meter calibration algorithm that can perform error calibration at low current conditions such that battery SOC estimation errors are reduced. The battery OCV is obtained using the determination method of the battery OCV, that is, the battery OCV (that is, the OCV), as provided in the first embodimentNEW) The change of the SOC is smooth, so when the SOC is estimated, the corresponding change of the SOC is also smooth and has no jump, and good user experience is guaranteed. For example, in the embodiment that the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated according to the OCV of the battery and the SOC of the battery is obtained according to the remaining capacity calculation, the OCV isNEWThe change itself causes a change in the remaining capacity RM, SOC = remaining capacity/total capacity, due to OCVNEWThe change in the remaining capacity RM caused during the smooth change is also smooth, and therefore the battery SOC change is also smooth. Further, although SOC = remaining capacity/total capacity, the battery SOC actually displayed to the user may utilize the distribution of the varied remaining capacity to the subsequent charge and discharge processes, thereby making the battery SOC variation smoother. Please refer to fig. 5 to 8, wherein fig. 5 and 6 are simulation results obtained by using a conventional algorithm, and fig. 7 and 8 are simulation results obtained by using the scheme provided in the present application. Two groups artificially introduce real measurement IBATCurrent error, existing Algorithm used in the first group (OCV estimate and I are not used)SIMVirtual current algorithms, i.e. algorithms without coulomb-meter calibration) Second group adopted the scheme of the present application (using OCV estimation and I)SIMVirtual current algorithm, equivalent to adding coulomb meter calibration algorithm), since the coulomb meter calibration algorithm does not work during discharging, it can be seen that the two groups of battery SOC curves are consistent during discharging, the accurate battery SOC value should be 0% when standing, but there is 6% charge error in 2 groups (battery OCV does not appear, the value of battery OCV and OCV are not shown, and the battery OCV value and OCV are not shown)trueWith errors in between). The difference between the two groups is that the battery SOC in FIG. 6 maintained a 6% error all the time after coming to rest (9000 more abscissa), FIG. 8 due to the coulomb meter calibration algorithm turned on, although the actual measurement I was measuredBATIs 0, but the internal is due to the current battery OCV and OCVpreThere is a deviation between them to calculate ISIMValue, and at this time the battery OCV is taken as ISIMThe value is iteratively calculated, instead of using the current IBAT, so that the value of the battery OCV gradually approaches the OCVtrueAnd the residual capacity RM value decreases, and finally the battery SOC value also decreases to be calibrated to an accurate value of SOC = 0%.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an estimation device of battery SOC, including the battery OCV determination device for determining the battery OCV as described in the second embodiment, and a battery SOC estimation module for estimating the battery SOC using the battery OCV determined by the battery OCV determination device. As one example, the battery SOC estimation module is configured to determine a battery SOC based on the OCV curve. As an embodiment, the battery SOC estimation module is configured to calculate a remaining capacity of the battery according to the OCV, and then calculate a battery SOC according to the remaining capacity. In one embodiment, the battery SOC estimation module is configured to update the internal resistance R of the battery according to the OCV, and then calculate the battery SOC based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
A fifth embodiment of the present application provides a battery metering chip, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor can execute the computer program to implement the method for determining the OCV of the battery according to the first embodiment or the method for estimating the SOC of the battery according to the third embodiment.
A sixth embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: when executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the method for determining the OCV of the battery according to the first embodiment, or the method for estimating the SOC of the battery according to the third embodiment.
It is to be understood that computer-readable is to be construed broadly and that it can be considered to be computer-readable as long as it is readable by a device (e.g., a cell phone, etc.).
A sixth embodiment of the present application provides an electronic apparatus including a battery, the OCV of which is determined using the battery OCV determination method according to the first embodiment, or includes a battery OCV determination device that determines the OCV of the battery according to the second embodiment.
It can be understood that the electronic device may be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an electric vehicle, an electric bicycle, or a motorcycle.
A sixth embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a battery, characterized in that: the SOC of the battery is estimated using the battery SOC estimation method according to the third embodiment, or the SOC estimation device of the battery that estimates the SOC of the battery according to the fourth embodiment is included.
It will be appreciated that the examples and contents of the first embodiment are equally applicable to the other embodiments.
It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be, for example, an electric, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In embodiments of the disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described preferred embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed, without conflict. The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures, for example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. The numbering of the steps herein is for convenience of description and reference only and is not intended to limit the order of execution, which is determined by the technique itself, and one skilled in the art can determine various permissible and reasonable orders based on the technique itself.
It should be noted that step numbers (letter or number numbers) are used to refer to some specific method steps in the present invention only for the purpose of convenience and brevity of description, and the order of the method steps is not limited by letters or numbers in any way. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the order of the steps of the method concerned, which is to be determined by the technique itself, should not be unduly limited by the presence of step numbers, and that a person skilled in the art can determine various permissible and reasonable orders of steps in accordance with the technique itself.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described preferred embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed, without conflict.
It will be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative only and not restrictive, and that various obvious or equivalent modifications and substitutions for details shown and described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the basic principles of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A method of determining an OCV of a battery, comprising:
step S100: real-time detection of current I of batteryBATAnd voltage VBAT；
Step S200: using the current OCV of the battery as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR) is the internal resistance R of the battery;
step S300: if the current I isBATGreater than a set current threshold value IrefExecuting step S400; otherwise, executing steps S500 to S700;
step S400: updating the OCV according to the charging and discharging process of the batteryOLDOCV was obtainedNEWReturning to step S100, the OCVNEWAs the current battery OCV;
step S500: according to said voltage V of a plurality of pointsBATThe voltage V is obtained by fittingBATFunction V varying with time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATThe battery is in a fully standing state at the time point of t 1; step S600: calculating a virtual current ISIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre)/R；
Step S700: virtual current ISIMAt the time ofThe battery capacity change is calculated by time integration in the section (ta, tb), and the OCV of the battery corresponding to the ta time point is OCVOLDAnd tb is a current time point according to a pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDOCV is obtained by calculationNEWAnd then returns to step S100, the OCVNEWThe battery OCV at time tb.
2. The method of determining the OCV of the battery according to claim 1, wherein the step S500 includes:
step S510: obtaining the function V by using logarithmic fittingBAT(t) = y (t); and
step S520: calculating VBAT（t1），OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
3. The method for determining the OCV of the battery according to claim 1, wherein in step S600: the battery internal resistance R is a fixed value, or the battery internal resistance R is updated and adjusted according to one or more of the ambient temperature, the battery charge state or the battery aging degree.
4. The method of determining an OCV of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the step S700 includes:
step S710: calculating a virtual current ISIMObtaining a battery capacity variation deltaQ for a time integral over a time period (ta, tb);
step S720: calculation of OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ × P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
5. The method of determining the OCV of the battery according to claim 1, wherein the step S400 includes:
step S410: current IBATObtaining the change value of the battery capacity in the time period (Ta, Tb) by integrating the time in the time period (Ta, Tb), wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the Ta time point is OCVOLDTb is the current time point;
step S420: according to the pre-stored OCV curve andbattery capacity variation value and OCVOLDOCV is obtained through calculationNEW，OCVNEWBattery OCV at time Tb.
6. A battery OCV determination device characterized by comprising:
a current detection module for detecting the current I of the battery in real timeBAT；
A voltage detection module for detecting the current voltage V of the battery in real timeBAT；
OCVOLDA determining module; for taking the current battery OCV as the OCV to be updatedOLD(ii) a The current battery OCV is the battery OCV obtained in the previous calculation, and has an initial value equal to the voltage VBATOr equal to (V)BAT+IBATR) is the internal resistance R of the battery;
a judging module for judging the current IBATWhether it is greater than a set current threshold value IrefIf the current I isBATGreater than a set current threshold IrefDetermining the OCV of the battery by the first battery OCV calculation module, and otherwise, determining the OCV of the battery by the second battery OCV calculation module;
a first battery OCV calculation module; for updating the OCV according to the charge and discharge process of the batteryOLDOCV was obtainedNEW；
The second battery OCV calculation module includes:
OCVprea prediction module for predicting the voltage V from a plurality of pointsBATTo obtain a voltage V by fittingBATFunction V varying with time tBAT(t) = Y (t), and OCV is calculated from the functionpre=Y（t1），OCVpreIt is assumed that the battery voltage V at the time point of t1BATAt time t1, the battery enters a fully standing state;
a virtual current calculating module for calculating a virtual current ISIM，ISIM=(OCVOLD-OCVpre)/R；
A second battery OCV calculation submodule for calculating a virtual current ISIMIntegrating time in a time period (ta, tb) to obtain the change of the battery capacity, wherein the OCV of the battery corresponding to the ta time point is OCVOLDAnd tb is the current time point according to the pre-stored OCV curve, the battery capacity variation and the OCVOLDAnd OCV is obtained by calculationNEWSaid OCVNEW is the battery OCV at time tb.
7. The battery OCV determination apparatus of claim 6, wherein the virtual current calculation module obtains the function V using a logarithmic fitBAT(t) = y (t); calculation of OCVpre=VBAT（t1）。
8. The battery OCV determination device according to claim 6, wherein the internal resistance of the battery used in the calculation by the virtual current calculation module is a fixed value, or the internal resistance of the battery is updated and adjusted according to one or more of an ambient temperature, a state of charge of the battery, or a degree of aging of the battery.
9. The battery OCV determination apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second battery OCV calculation submodule is operable to calculate a virtual current ISIMObtaining a battery capacity variation deltaQ for a time integral over a time period (ta, tb); calculating OCVNEW=OCVOLD+ deltaQ × P, where P is the slope of the OCV curve at point tb.
10. A method of estimating SOC of a battery, characterized by: estimating the SOC of the battery using the current battery OCV obtained by the determination method of the battery OCV according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
11. The estimation method of the battery SOC according to claim 10, characterized in that: estimating the SOC of the battery using the current OCV of the battery includes:
determining the SOC of the battery according to the OCV curve; or
Calculating the residual electric quantity of the battery according to the OCV, and calculating to obtain the SOC according to the residual electric quantity; or
And updating the internal resistance R of the battery according to the OCV, and calculating the SOC based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
12. An estimation device of a battery SOC, characterized by comprising:
a battery OCV determination apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, for determining a battery OCV;
and the battery SOC estimation module is used for estimating the SOC of the battery by using the OCV of the battery.
13. The apparatus for estimating SOC of a battery as claimed in claim 12, wherein the battery
The way that the SOC estimation module estimates the SOC of the battery using the OCV of the battery includes:
determining the SOC of the battery from the OCV curve, or
Calculating the residual capacity of the battery according to the OCV of the battery, and calculating to obtain the SOC according to the residual capacity; or
And updating the internal resistance R of the battery according to the OCV of the battery, and calculating the SOC based on the updated internal resistance R of the battery.
14. A battery metering chip comprising a processor and a memory, characterized in that: stored in said memory is a computer program executable by said processor to implement a method for determining the OCV of a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or to implement a method for estimating the SOC of a battery according to claim 10 or 11.
15. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: said computer program, when being executed by a processor, is capable of implementing a method for determining the OCV of a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or a method for estimating the SOC of a battery according to claim 10 or 11.
16. An electronic device comprising a battery, characterized in that: determining the battery OCV using a method of determining the battery OCV according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or comprising a device for determining the battery OCV according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
17. An electronic device comprising a battery, characterized in that: the SOC of the battery is estimated using the estimation method of the SOC of the battery according to claim 10 or 11, or comprising the estimation device of the SOC of the battery according to claim 12 or 13 for estimating the SOC of the battery.
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