CN114459680A - Gravity center measuring device for cylindrical object - Google Patents
Gravity center measuring device for cylindrical object Download PDFInfo
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- CN114459680A CN114459680A CN202111597210.XA CN202111597210A CN114459680A CN 114459680 A CN114459680 A CN 114459680A CN 202111597210 A CN202111597210 A CN 202111597210A CN 114459680 A CN114459680 A CN 114459680A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
- G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gravity center measuring device for a cylindrical object, which belongs to the technical field of measurement and comprises a measuring platform, a lifting rotary mechanism, a weighing mechanism and a position measuring mechanism, wherein the middle part of the measuring platform is provided with the lifting rotary mechanism, the left side and the right side of the lifting rotary mechanism are respectively provided with the weighing mechanism, and the measuring platform is also provided with the position measuring mechanism matched with the weighing mechanism. The invention can realize the measurement of the weight and the length of the cylindrical object and the calculation of the gravity center in three directions on one device, greatly reduces the operation of manual intervention in the measurement process, reduces the hoisting times, adopts all system reading in the reading and judging process, avoids the error caused by judging and reading, and simultaneously avoids the problem of long measuring time consumption. Meanwhile, the structure of the invention has good expansibility, the device can be changed into full-automatic measuring equipment according to the requirement, and the same result of the invention can be adopted according to the requirement to realize the measurement of the gravity center of the cylindrical object with larger size.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and particularly relates to a gravity center measuring device for a cylindrical object.
Background
The gravity center position is a very important technical index for the underwater vehicle, and not only is related to the attitude of the vehicle in water, but also has very important influence on the navigation performance of the underwater vehicle. In the past, the gravity center of an underwater vehicle is measured, the general operation is complex, the time consumption is long, and the influence of human factors on the measurement result is large.
The gravity center in the length direction is measured simply by adopting a steel wire rope suspension method. And a precise point, the weight of the product is measured by adopting a ground scale, the length of the product is measured by using a measuring tape on a platform, then the aircraft is hoisted to two supports with fixed positions, wherein one support is the combination of a knife edge and the ground scale and is used for measuring the weight at the knife edge position, and the gravity center in the length direction is calculated by solving the moment balance to the tail part of the equipment according to the measurement result.
For eccentricity measurement in a YZ direction of a section, generally, an aircraft needs to be placed in a water tank for measurement, firstly, the aircraft is basically horizontal in water, weights are hung on the side face of the aircraft to enable the equipment to be in an aligned position (0 degree), then, the weights are increased or decreased to enable the equipment to rotate 90 degrees in the water, and the eccentricity position in the Y or Z direction can be calculated by converting the moment balance to the centroid of the section of the equipment.
The measuring method has the following problems that firstly, the precision of a tool used for measurement is low, multiple times of hoisting operation are needed in the measuring process, in addition, in the measuring process, people are needed to read data and judge the rotation degree of equipment, and the subjective influence factor of people is large. Meanwhile, the whole measuring process is long in time consumption and low in efficiency. All of the above factors cause large errors of measurement results, and cannot meet higher and higher index requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a gravity center measuring device for a cylindrical object, which realizes the measurement of the weight and the length of the cylindrical object and the calculation of the gravity center in three directions on one device, simultaneously greatly reduces the operation of manual intervention in the measuring process, and completely adopts system reading in the reading and judging process, thereby avoiding the errors caused by judgment and reading.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a focus measuring device of cylindrical object includes measuring platform 1, lift rotation mechanism 2, weighing mechanism 3, position measurement mechanism 4, control cabinet 5, inclinometer 7, measuring platform 1's mid-mounting have lift rotation mechanism 2, a weighing mechanism 3 is installed respectively to lift rotation mechanism 2's the left and right sides, still be provided with the position measurement mechanism 4 who matches with weighing mechanism 3 on measuring platform 1, inclinometer 7, lift rotation mechanism 2, weighing mechanism 3, position measurement mechanism 4 are connected with control cabinet 5 respectively.
Further, the lifting slewing mechanism 2 comprises a mounting seat 2-1, a scissor lift 2-2, driven support wheels 2-3, driving support wheels 2-4 and a double-output-shaft speed reducer 2-5, the scissor lift 2-2 is mounted at the top of the measuring platform 1, a pair of driven support wheels 2-3 and a pair of driving support wheels 2-4 are mounted on a platform at the top of the scissor lift 2-2, the two driven support wheels 2-3 are respectively opposite to the two driving support wheels 2-4 one by one, and the two driven support wheels 2-3 are respectively connected with output shafts of the double-output-shaft speed reducer 2-5.
Furthermore, the double-output-shaft speed reducer 2-5 can be driven by a hand wheel 2-6 or a motor.
Further, the weighing mechanism 3 comprises a support 3-1, cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 and a support structure 3-3, the support 3-1 is respectively installed at the top of the measuring platform 1 at the left side and the right side of the lifting slewing mechanism 2, the cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 are respectively installed at the top of the front side and the back side of the support 3-1, and the support structure 3-3 is respectively installed at the top of the two cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2.
Further, the supporting structure 3-3 comprises an installation block 3-4, a supporting column 3-5 and a protective sleeve 3-6, the installation block 3-4 is fixedly installed on the cantilever type weighing sensor 3-2, the supporting column 3-5 is fixedly installed on the installation block 3-4, and the protective sleeve 3-6 for preventing the surface of the cylindrical object to be measured from being damaged is installed at the upper end of the supporting column 3-5 in a threaded connection mode.
Further, the position measuring mechanism 4 comprises a guide rail 4-1, a magnetic grid ruler 4-2 and a slide block 4-3, the measuring platform comprises guiding rule supports 4-4, magnetic grid rule reading heads 4-5 and mounting plates 4-6, wherein the tops of the front side and the rear side of the measuring platform 1 are respectively provided with a guide rail 4-1, the two guide rails 4-1 are arranged in parallel, the outer side wall of each guide rail 4-1 is respectively provided with a magnetic grid rule 4-2, the two guide rails 4-1 are provided with two pairs of sliding blocks 4-3, each pair of sliding blocks 4-3 is provided with a mounting plate 4-6, the middle part of the top of each mounting plate 4-6 is provided with a guiding rule support 4-4, and the outer wall of each sliding block 4-3 is provided with a magnetic grid rule reading head 4-5 matched with the magnetic grid rule 4-2.
Further, control cabinet 5 include display, industrial computer, PIC change RS322 communication card, PLC, the display connect on the industrial computer, inclinometer 7 passes through PIC and changes RS322 communication card and be connected with the industrial computer, the motor of scissors fork lift 2-2 and dual output shaft speed reducer 2-5 loops through PLC respectively and PIC, RS322 communication card are connected with the industrial computer, two magnetic grid chi reading heads 4-5 pass through PIC and change RS322 communication card and be connected with the industrial computer, four cantilever type weighing sensor 3-2 pass through PIC and change RS322 communication card and be connected with the industrial computer.
Further, the bottom of the measuring platform 1 is provided with an adjusting sizing block 6.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize the measurement of the weight and the length of the cylindrical object and the calculation of the gravity center in three directions on one device, greatly reduces the operation of manual intervention in the measurement process, reduces the hoisting times, adopts all system reading in the reading and judging process, avoids the error caused by judging and reading, and simultaneously avoids the problem of long measuring time consumption. Meanwhile, the structure of the invention has good expansibility, the device can be changed into full-automatic measuring equipment according to the requirement, and the same result of the invention can be adopted according to the requirement to realize the measurement of the gravity center of the cylindrical object with larger size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the slewing gear of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the weighing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the weighing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the position measuring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the position X of the center of gravity of the measured cylindrical object in the axial direction;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the center of gravity Y, Z of the cross section of the measured cylindrical object.
Fig. 8 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the gravity center measuring device for the cylindrical object comprises a measuring platform 1, a lifting rotary mechanism 2, a weighing mechanism 3, a position measuring mechanism 4, a control platform 5 and an inclinometer 7, wherein the lifting rotary mechanism 2 is installed in the middle of the measuring platform 1, as shown in figure 2, the lifting rotary mechanism 2 comprises an installation seat 2-1, a scissor type lifter 2-2, a driven supporting wheel 2-3, a driving supporting wheel 2-4 and a double output shaft speed reducer 2-5, the scissor type lifter 2-2 is installed at the top of the measuring platform 1, a pair of driven supporting wheels 2-3 and a pair of driving supporting wheels 2-4 are installed on a top platform of the scissor type lifter 2-2, the two driven supporting wheels 2-3 are respectively opposite to the two driving supporting wheels 2-4 one by one, the two driven supporting wheels 2-3 are respectively connected with output shafts of the double-output-shaft speed reducers 2-5, the double-output-shaft speed reducers 2-5 can be driven by hand wheels 2-6 or motors, and the motors are adopted in the embodiment. The left side and the right side of the lifting slewing mechanism 2 are respectively provided with a weighing mechanism 3, and the measuring platform 1 is also provided with the weighing mechanism 3The matched position measuring mechanism 4, the inclinometer 7, the lifting and rotating mechanism 2, the weighing mechanism 3 and the position measuring mechanism 4 are respectively connected with the console 5, the console 5 comprises a display, an industrial personal computer, a PIC (peripheral interface controller) to RS322 communication card and a PLC (programmable logic controller), the display is connected with the industrial personal computer, the inclinometer 7 is connected with the industrial personal computer through the PIC to RS322 communication card, and the motors of the scissor lift 2-2 and the double output shaft speed reducer 2-5 respectively sequentially pass through the PLC and are connected with the PIC and the RS322 communication card and the industrial personal computer. When the gravity center of a cylindrical object is measured, the scissor lift 2-2 is started through the control of an industrial personal computer, the scissor lift 2-2 is lifted, the cylindrical object to be measured is lifted and placed on the driven support wheels 2-3 and the driving support wheels 2-4 of the scissor lift 2-2, then the inclinometer 7 is installed at the specified position of the object to be measured, then the rotating hand wheels 2-6 drive the double output shaft speed reducers 2-5 to work, the motor is controlled and controlled by the control of the industrial personal computer to drive the double output shaft speed reducers 2-5 to work, so that the two driving support wheels 2-4 are driven to rotate, the two driving support wheels 2-4 can enable the cylindrical object to be measured to rotate under the auxiliary action of the two driven support wheels 2-3 until the object to be measured is in an alignment (0 degree) state, the alignment angle and the rotation angle are read through the inclinometer 7, the inclinometer 7 transmits signals to the industrial personal computer through the PIC-RS 322 communication card, the industrial personal computer controls the scissor lift 2-2 to descend, and the cylindrical object to be measured is slowly placed on the two weighing mechanisms 3. As shown in fig. 3, the weighing mechanism 3 comprises a support 3-1, cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 and a support structure 3-3, the supports 3-1 are respectively installed at the tops of the measuring platforms 1 on the left side and the right side of the lifting swing mechanism 2, the cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 are respectively installed at the tops of the front side and the rear side of the support 3-1, the support structures 3-3 are respectively installed at the tops of the two cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2, and the four cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 are connected with an industrial personal computer through a PIC (peripheral interface controller) to RS322 communication card. The weighed weight information is transmitted to the industrial personal computer by the four cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 of the two weighing mechanisms 3, the industrial personal computer reads out numerical values F1, F2, F3 and F4 of the four cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2, the sum of the numerical values of the four cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2 is the total weight G of the measured cylindrical object, namely G is displayed by a display of F1+ F2+ F3+ F4,then by the staff, promote the position measurement mechanism 4 that is located 3 both sides of weighing mechanism, make two position measurement mechanism 4 contact the terminal surface of being surveyed cylindrical object respectively, utilize two position measurement mechanism 4 to measure the length of being surveyed cylindrical object, and transmit the information signal after measuring for the industrial computer, read out the data that two position measurement mechanism 4 measured by the industrial computer, because two position measurement mechanism 4's zero point interval is known, can calculate the length L of being surveyed cylindrical object through the industrial computer, L is L ═ LGeneral assembly-L1-L2; then carrying out moment calculation on the tail end of the cylindrical object to be measured, calculating the gravity center position X in the axis direction,
the moment balance is calculated at the circle center of the section of the cylindrical object, the horizontal eccentricity Z of the section can be calculated,
then controlling the lifting rotary mechanism 2 to lift the detected cylindrical object to leave the weighing mechanism 3, then driving a double-output-shaft speed reducer 2-5 to work through a PLC control motor, driving two driving support wheels 2-4 to rotate by the double-output-shaft speed reducer 2-5, enabling the detected cylindrical object to rotate 90 degrees by the two driving support wheels 2-4 under the auxiliary action of the two driven support wheels 2-3, then controlling the lifting rotary mechanism 2 to slowly place the detected cylindrical object on the weighing mechanism 3, re-reading the values F1 ', F2', F3 'and F4' of the detected cylindrical object on the four cantilever type weighing sensors 3-2, calculating the moment balance to the section circle, and calculating the eccentricity Y of the section in the vertical direction,
fig. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of central measurement.
In the invention, the lifting slewing mechanism 2 is also used as a pre-supporting support of the cylindrical object to be measured, and the cylindrical object to be measured can be slowly placed on the weighing mechanism 3, so that the cylindrical object to be measured is prevented from impacting the cantilever type weighing sensor 3-2 to be damaged.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the supporting structure 3-3 comprises an installation block 3-4, a supporting column 3-5 and a protective sleeve 3-6, the installation block 3-4 is fixedly installed on the cantilever type weighing sensor 3-2, the supporting column 3-5 is fixedly installed on the installation block 3-4, the upper end of the supporting column 3-5 is provided with the protective sleeve 3-6 for preventing the surface of the cylindrical object to be measured from being damaged in a threaded connection mode, the installation block 3-4 is provided with a bayonet so as to ensure the accurate positioning and installation position of the installation block 3-4, the protective sleeve 3-6 is connected with the supporting column 3-5 in a threaded connection mode so as to realize the fine adjustment of the height thereof by threads and ensure that the cantilever type weighing sensor 3-2 only receives the gravity of the cylindrical object to be measured, the protective sleeves 3-6 are plastic protective sleeves which can avoid the damage to the outer surface of the cylindrical object to be measured.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 5, the position measuring mechanism 4 comprises a guide rail 4-1, a magnetic grid ruler 4-2, a sliding block 4-3, a guiding rule support 4-4, a magnetic grid ruler reading head 4-5 and a mounting plate 4-6, wherein the tops of the front side and the rear side of the measuring platform 1 are respectively provided with the guide rail 4-1, the two guide rails 4-1 are arranged in parallel, the outer side wall of each guide rail 4-1 is respectively provided with the magnetic grid ruler 4-2, the two guide rails 4-1 are provided with two pairs of sliding blocks 4-3, each pair of sliding blocks 4-3 is provided with the mounting plate 4-6, the middle part of the top of the mounting plate 4-6 is provided with the guiding rule support 4-4, the outer wall of each sliding block 4-3 is provided with the magnetic grid ruler reading head 4-5 matched with the magnetic grid ruler 4-2, the two magnetic grid ruler reading heads 4-5 are connected with an industrial personal computer through a PIC-to-RS 322 communication card. According to the invention, the magnetic grid ruler 4-2 is matched with the magnetic grid ruler reading head 4-5, the data of the cylindrical object to be measured can be directly read through the magnetic grid ruler reading head 4-5, the read data is transmitted to the industrial personal computer through the PIC to RS322 communication card, the data read by the industrial personal computer is displayed through the display, errors caused by judgment and reading are avoided, and meanwhile, the problem of long measuring time is avoided. Meanwhile, the guiding rule support 4-4 can move on the guide rail 4-1, so that the device can measure cylindrical objects with different lengths. The end parts of the two ends of the guide rail 4-1 are also provided with anti-collision blocks 4-7 which can prevent the slide block 4-3 and the guiding rule bracket 4-4 from sliding off the guide rail 4-1.
In the invention, the bottom of the measuring platform 1 is provided with the adjusting sizing block 6, and the level of the table top of the measuring platform 1 can be adjusted by arranging the adjusting sizing block 6, so that the gravity center measurement is more accurate.
The invention can realize the measurement of the weight and the length of the cylindrical object and the calculation of the gravity center in three directions on one device, greatly reduces the operation of manual intervention in the measurement process, reduces the hoisting times, adopts all system reading in the reading and judging process, avoids the error caused by judging and reading, and simultaneously avoids the problem of long measuring time consumption. Meanwhile, the structure of the invention has good expansibility, the device can be changed into full-automatic measuring equipment according to the requirement, and the same result of the invention can be adopted according to the requirement to realize the measurement of the gravity center of the cylindrical object with larger size.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A gravity center measuring device for a cylindrical object, characterized in that: the gravity center measuring device for the cylindrical object comprises a measuring platform (1), a lifting and rotating mechanism (2), a weighing mechanism (3), a position measuring mechanism (4), a control console (5) and an inclinometer (7), wherein the middle of the measuring platform (1) is provided with the lifting and rotating mechanism (2), the weighing mechanism (3) is respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the lifting and rotating mechanism (2), the position measuring mechanism (4) matched with the weighing mechanism (3) is further arranged on the measuring platform (1), and the inclinometer (7), the lifting and rotating mechanism (2), the weighing mechanism (3) and the position measuring mechanism (4) are respectively connected with the control console (5).
2. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lifting swing mechanism (2) comprises a mounting seat (2-1), a scissor lift (2-2), a driven supporting wheel (2-3), a driving supporting wheel (2-4) and a double-output-shaft speed reducer (2-5), the scissor lift (2-2) is mounted at the top of the measuring platform (1), a pair of driven supporting wheels (2-3) and a pair of driving supporting wheels (2-4) are mounted on a top platform of the scissor lift (2-2), the two driven supporting wheels (2-3) are respectively right opposite to the two driving supporting wheels (2-4), and the two driven supporting wheels (2-3) are respectively connected with output shafts of the double-output-shaft speed reducer (2-5).
3. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the double-output-shaft speed reducer (2-5) can be driven by a hand wheel (2-6) or a motor.
4. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the weighing mechanism (3) comprises a support (3-1), cantilever type weighing sensors (3-2) and supporting structures (3-3), the tops of the measuring platforms (1) on the left side and the right side of the lifting and rotating mechanism (2) are respectively provided with the support (3-1), the tops of the front side and the rear side of the support (3-1) are respectively provided with the cantilever type weighing sensors (3-2), and the tops of the two cantilever type weighing sensors (3-2) are respectively provided with the supporting structures (3-3).
5. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object according to claim 4, wherein: the supporting structure (3-3) comprises an installation block (3-4), a supporting column (3-5) and a protective sleeve (3-6), the installation block (3-4) is fixedly installed on the cantilever type weighing sensor (3-2), the supporting column (3-5) is fixedly installed on the installation block (3-4), and the protective sleeve (3-6) for preventing the surface of the measured cylindrical object from being damaged is installed at the upper end of the supporting column (3-5) in a threaded connection mode.
6. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object according to claim 4, wherein: the position measuring mechanism (4) comprises guide rails (4-1), magnetic grid rulers (4-2), sliding blocks (4-3), guiding rule supports (4-4), magnetic grid ruler reading heads (4-5) and mounting plates (4-6), the tops of the front side and the rear side of the measuring platform (1) are respectively provided with one guide rail (4-1), the two guide rails (4-1) are arranged in parallel, the outer side wall of each guide rail (4-1) is respectively provided with one magnetic grid ruler (4-2), the two pairs of sliding blocks (4-3) are arranged on the two guide rails (4-1), each pair of sliding blocks (4-3) is provided with one mounting plate (4-6), the middle part of the top of each mounting plate (4-6) is provided with one guiding rule support (4-4), and the outer wall of each sliding block (4-3) is provided with one magnetic grid ruler reading head (4-2) matched with the magnetic grid ruler (4-2) 4-5).
7. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object according to claim 6, wherein: the control console (5) comprises a display, an industrial personal computer, a PIC (peripheral interface controller) to RS322 communication card and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the display is connected to the industrial personal computer, an inclinometer (7) is connected with the industrial personal computer through the PIC to RS322 communication card, motors of a scissor lift (2-2) and a double output shaft speed reducer (2-5) respectively sequentially pass through the PLC and the PIC and the RS322 communication card to be connected with the industrial personal computer, two magnetic grid ruler reading heads (4-5) are connected with the industrial personal computer through the PIC to RS322 communication card, and four cantilever type weighing sensors (3-2) are connected with the industrial personal computer through the PIC to RS322 communication card.
8. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a cylindrical object according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 6, wherein: the bottom of the measuring platform (1) is provided with an adjusting sizing block (6).
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