CN113390560A - Measuring mechanism for measuring mass three-dimensional mass center of large flying body with wings - Google Patents

Measuring mechanism for measuring mass three-dimensional mass center of large flying body with wings Download PDF

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CN113390560A
CN113390560A CN202110869150.6A CN202110869150A CN113390560A CN 113390560 A CN113390560 A CN 113390560A CN 202110869150 A CN202110869150 A CN 202110869150A CN 113390560 A CN113390560 A CN 113390560A
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measuring
base
weighing pan
seat
tooling
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CN113390560B (en
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卢志辉
游广飞
武艺泳
杨洪涛
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Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd Of China National Machinery Institute Group
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Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
    • G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity
    • G01M1/125—Determining position of centre of gravity of aircraft

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于测量大型带翼飞行体质量三维质心的测量机构，它包括通过升降机构安装在总基座内的测量基座，通过承接面设置在测量基座上的秤盘，安装在测量基座与秤盘之间的左右千斤顶、用于限位的左右定位座，以及安装在秤盘下方、测量基座四角处的称重传感器，秤盘通过定位销与固接在测量基座上的定位座相配合；与称重传感器相配合的称重柱销通过圆柱配合和螺纹连接方式安装在与秤盘相固结的柱销座中心孔中；在秤盘的中部位置设置有支撑座，工装通过连接在工装底座上的支撑轴放置在支撑座上；被测产品通过工艺环放置在工装上的滚轮上；用于驱动工装转动一定角度的电机及减速机通过联轴器与工装相结合，用于安装电机及减速机的电机座安装在后支座上。

Figure 202110869150

A measuring mechanism for measuring the three-dimensional center of mass of a large winged flying body, which includes a measuring base installed in the general base through a lifting mechanism, a weighing pan set on the measuring base through a bearing surface, and installed on the measuring base. The left and right jacks between the base and the weighing pan, the left and right positioning bases for limiting, and the load cells installed under the weighing pan and at the four corners of the measuring base. The weighing pan is connected to the measuring base through positioning pins. The positioning seat is matched; the weighing pin matched with the load cell is installed in the center hole of the pin seat fixed with the weighing pan by means of cylindrical fit and screw connection; a support seat is arranged in the middle of the weighing pan, The tooling is placed on the support seat through the support shaft connected to the tooling base; the tested product is placed on the roller on the tooling through the process ring; the motor and reducer used to drive the tooling to rotate at a certain angle are combined with the tooling through the coupling , the motor base for installing the motor and the reducer is installed on the rear support.

Figure 202110869150

Description

Measuring mechanism for measuring mass three-dimensional mass center of large flying body with wings
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring mechanism for measuring mass three-dimensional mass center of a large winged flight body.
Background
The measurement of the mass and the three-dimensional mass center of an object is mainly used for the inspection and control of the overall parameters of the spacecraft, and the accurate measurement of the parameters plays an important role in improving the product quality, improving the flight stability, verifying the flight fuel and the like.
Certain large tonnage and large size flying objects require mass and three dimensional centroid measurements. Because the size and the weight are very large, and the measuring device has a large-size span, the mass center is difficult to directly measure by the conventional measuring device, and the mass and the three-dimensional mass center of the object are usually measured by the following three methods, one is that two groups of crane suspension hook scales are adopted, and the mass and the one-dimensional mass center along the connecting line direction of the hook scales are calculated by the components of the two hook scales; secondly, two sets of electronic weighers are adopted for measurement, and a specific calculation method is the same as that of the hook weigher, so that two mass center components in a plane can be calculated; and thirdly, designing special measuring equipment, adopting a multi-point weighing sensor for supporting, and calculating two mass center components in a plane through static balance. In the first method, the precision of the hook scale is low, the suspension distance is inaccurate, the weighing process is unstable, the defects greatly influence the measurement precision of the mass center of mass, particularly the position of the mass center, and the repeatability fluctuates within dozens of millimeters. The second method has better measurement accuracy than the former method, but because two sets of electronic ground scales are adopted, the parking positions of the electronic ground scales have larger influence on the accuracy of the center of mass, and the adaptability of the electronic ground scales to products is poor. The third method belongs to special equipment and is relatively more flexible and accurate. However, none of the three methods described above solves the problem of measuring the centroid position in the height direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional mass center measuring mechanism for measuring mass of a large winged flight body aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
the invention discloses a measuring mechanism for measuring the mass three-dimensional mass center of a large winged flying body, which comprises a measuring base, a scale pan, a left jack, a right jack, a left positioning seat and a right positioning seat, wherein the measuring base is arranged in a main base through a lifting mechanism; a weighing pin matched with the weighing sensor is arranged in a central hole of a pin seat fixedly connected with the scale pan in a cylindrical matching and threaded connection mode; a support seat is arranged in the middle of the scale pan, and a tool with an adjustable pitching angle is placed on the support seat through a support shaft connected to a tool base and is pressed by a gland; a tested product is placed on a roller on the tool through the process ring; a motor and a speed reducer for driving the tool to rotate by a certain angle are combined with the tool through a coupler, and a motor base for mounting the motor and the speed reducer is mounted on the rear support; the level gauge is installed on the after-poppet that combines together with the frock bottom plate.
The roller is arranged on the front support and the rear support on the tooling bottom plate through the roller support respectively.
The measuring base is matched with the inner wall of the main base through elastic roller groups arranged on the periphery, and the positioning effect is achieved.
The lifting mechanism is a multi-link mechanism and adopts an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder for lifting.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention solves the difficult problems of mass and three-dimensional mass center measurement of large-tonnage and large-size flying bodies in the prior art, and because the flying bodies have large size and large-size wingspan, the posture required by measuring the mass center in the height direction cannot be directly realized, and the direction cannot be erected and is difficult to stably support.
2. The invention adopts a rolling method to measure the mass center of the third position, and utilizes the projection of the height mass center after rolling to a certain angle to measure.
3. Aiming at the problems that a tested product is large, equipment size is large, a man-machine working interface is not friendly, the risk of hurting people due to falling in high-position operation exists, operation is very inconvenient and the like, all manual operations such as product hoisting, basic equipment operation and the like are completed at a low position by adopting a lifting mechanism and measurement and integration, a rotating space is formed after lifting, then third position mass center measurement is carried out, and manual operation at a high position is not needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
Number in the figure: the device comprises a general base 1, a lifting mechanism 2, an elastic roller group 3, a measuring base 4, a left jack and a right jack 5, an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder 6, a weighing sensor 7, a pin seat 8, a weighing pin 9, a pin nut 10, a positioning pin 11, a left positioning seat 12, a right positioning seat 13, a gland 14, a supporting seat 15, a bearing surface 15, a scale pan 16, a motor and a speed reducer 17, a coupler 18, a motor seat 19, a rear support 20, a horizontal measuring scale 21, an encoder 22, a support 23, a front support 24, a tool base 25, a rear support 26, a supporting shaft 27, a roller support 29, a roller 30, a process ring 31, an equipment foundation 32 and a measured product 34.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the measuring mechanism for measuring the mass three-dimensional mass center of a large winged flying object of the present invention comprises a measuring base 4 installed in a main base 1 through a lifting mechanism 2, a scale pan 16 arranged on the measuring base 4 through a bearing surface 15, a left jack 5 and a right jack 5 installed between the measuring base 4 and the scale pan 16 for jacking up the scale pan (the upper part of the sensor is jacked and released when not in operation), a left positioning seat 12 and a right positioning seat 12 for limiting, and a weighing sensor 7 installed below the scale pan 16 and at four corners of the measuring base 4, wherein the scale pan 16 is matched with the positioning seats 12 fixedly connected to the measuring base 4 through positioning pins 11; a weighing pin 9 matched with the weighing sensor 7 is arranged in a central hole of a pin seat 8 fixedly connected with the scale pan 16 in a cylindrical matching and threaded connection mode; a support seat 14 is arranged in the middle of the scale pan 16, a tool 34 with an adjustable pitch angle is placed on the support seat 14 through a support shaft 27 connected to a tool base 25 and is pressed by a gland 13 (the pitch angle can be preset after the gland 13 is slightly loosened, and the pitch angle can be preset and then the tool is pressed after the gland is preset); a product 33 to be tested is placed on the roller 30 on the tool through the process ring 31; a motor and speed reducer 17 for driving the tool to rotate by a certain angle is combined with the tool through a coupler 18, and a motor base 19 for mounting the motor and the speed reducer is mounted on a rear support 26; the leveling ruler 21 is installed on the rear bracket 20 combined with the tool bottom plate 25.
The rollers 30 of the present invention are respectively mounted on the front support 24 and the rear support 26 on the tooling bottom plate 25 through roller supports 29.
The measuring base 4 is matched with the inner wall of the main base 1 through the elastic roller groups 3 arranged on the periphery, and plays a role in positioning.
The lifting mechanism 2 is a multi-link mechanism and adopts an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder 6 for lifting.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the lifting mechanism is positioned at the bottom of the mechanism, the jack descends, the weighing pin and the sensor are in a working state in a complete contact mode, the positioning pin is pulled out (the positioning pin plays a positioning role), and the weighing sensor measures the initial weight of the tool. Inserting a positioning pin, hoisting a measured product (installing a process ring when the process ring exists) onto a horizontal tool, placing the product on a roller train, measuring the position of the product at the moment by using a horizontal measuring scale, pulling out the positioning pin, reading the readings of four sensors, and measuring the total weight of the tool and the product. The lifting mechanism ascends to jack the measuring equipment to a high position, the motor drives the product to roll for about 30 degrees at the moment, the encoder measures a specific angle, and four sensor readings are measured. When the precision requirement is higher, can the antiport to symmetrical position (can compare the measurement this moment), the encoder reads the angle, surveys four sensor readings. The lifting mechanism descends to a low position, the positioning pin is inserted, and the product is lifted away. In the measuring process, the elastic roller group 3 keeps the contact between the measuring base and the main base, and plays a role in guiding and stabilizing the base. According to the four sensor readings, the equipment geometric parameters and the encoder readings, the total mass and the three mass center positions of the product can be calculated by the static balance principle.
Setting: two load cells on the left as shown in FIG. 1Reading numbers are respectively P1n、P3nThe readings of the two weighing sensors on the right side are respectively P2n、P4nThe readings of the two load cells on the left side shown in FIG. 2 are respectively P3n、P4nThe readings of the two weighing sensors on the right side are respectively P1n、P2nN is the reading order; l is1Is the projected distance, L, to the central axis as shown in FIG. 1 of the load cell2Is the projected spacing to the central axis as shown in fig. 2 for the load cell.
Three-dimensional centroid: fig. 1 is + X from left to right, the distance from the centroid to the center of the apparatus is Xc, and + Y from bottom to top, the distance from the centroid to the center of the product is Yc, fig. 2 is + Z from left to right, and the distance from the centroid to the center of the product is Zc.
After the weight of the tool (including the process ring) is measured, the reading of the sensor is set to zero, and after the product is placed, the P is measured11、P31、P21、P41Measuring the clockwise rotation of 30 degrees to obtain P12、P32、P22、P42Measuring the clockwise rotation of 30 degrees to obtain P13、P33、P23、P43
Xc=(( P11+P31)-( P21+P41))L/( P11+P31+P21+P41) （1）
Zc=(( P31+P41)-( P11+P21))L/( P11+P31+P21+P41) （2）
When the rotor rotates clockwise by 30 degrees, the static force balances that:
Zc+Yc⋅tg30=(( P32+P42)-( P12+P22))L/( P11+P31+P21+P41) （3）
again, 30 ° counterclockwise rotation measures:
Zc-Yc⋅tg30=(( P33+P43)-( P13+P23))L/( P11+P31+P21+P41) （4）
(3) finishing to obtain:
Yc= 1/2((P32-P43) +(P42-P43)-(P12-P13) -(P22+P23))L⋅ctg30 （5）
as can be seen from the formula (5), the absolute reading of the weighing sensor is not taken into account at the moment, but the difference between the two readings is taken into account, the system error of the weighing sensor is eliminated, the comparison measurement of the weighing sensor is the same as that of the weighing sensor, the precision is obviously improved, the measurement precision of Yc is improved, the defect that the component cannot be measured in the theoretical posture is overcome, and the Yc measurement precision is not lower than Xc and Zc.

Claims (4)

1.一种用于测量大型带翼飞行体质量三维质心的测量机构，其特征在于：它包括通过升降机构（2）安装在总基座（1）内的测量基座（4），通过承接面（15）设置在测量基座上的秤盘（16），安装在测量基座与秤盘（16）之间的用于顶升秤盘的左右千斤顶（5）、用于限位的左右定位座（12），以及安装在秤盘（16）下方、测量基座（4）四角处的称重传感器（7），秤盘（16）通过定位销与固接在测量基座（4）上的定位座（12）相配合；与称重传感器（7）相配合的称重柱销（9）通过圆柱配合和螺纹连接方式安装在与秤盘（16）相固结的柱销座（8）中心孔中；在秤盘（16）的中部位置设置有支撑座（14），可调俯仰角度的工装（34）通过连接在工装底座（25）上的支撑轴（27）放置在支撑座（14）上，由压盖（13）压紧；被测产品通过工艺环（31）放置在工装上的滚轮（30）上；用于驱动工装转动一定角度的电机及减速机（17）通过联轴器与工装相结合，用于安装电机及减速机的电机座（19）安装在后支座（26）上；水平测量尺（21）安装在与工装底板（25）相结合的后支架（20）上。1. A measuring mechanism for measuring the three-dimensional center of mass of a large winged flying body, characterized in that it comprises a measuring base (4) installed in the general base (1) through the lifting mechanism (2), The surface (15) is arranged on the weighing pan (16) on the measuring base, the left and right jacks (5) for lifting the weighing pan installed between the measuring base and the weighing pan (16), the left and right The positioning seat (12), and the load cell (7) installed under the weighing pan (16) and at the four corners of the measuring base (4), the weighing pan (16) is fixed to the measuring base (4) through the positioning pins The locating seat (12) on the upper part is matched; the weighing pin (9) matched with the load cell (7) is installed on the pin seat ( 8) In the center hole; a support seat (14) is arranged in the middle of the weighing pan (16), and the tooling (34) with adjustable pitch angle is placed on the support through the support shaft (27) connected to the tooling base (25). On the seat (14), it is pressed by the gland (13); the product to be tested is placed on the roller (30) on the tool through the process ring (31); the motor and reducer (17) used to drive the tool to rotate at a certain angle The motor base (19) for installing the motor and the reducer is installed on the rear support (26) through the combination of the coupling and the tooling; on the bracket (20). 2.根据权利要求1所述的用于测量大型带翼飞行体质量三维质心的测量机构，其特征在于：所述滚轮（30）分别通过滚轮支座（29）安装在位于工装底板上的前支座（24）和后支座（26）上。2 . The measuring mechanism for measuring the three-dimensional center of mass of a large winged flying body according to claim 1 , wherein the rollers ( 30 ) are respectively installed on the front of the tooling base plate through the roller supports ( 29 ). 3 . on the support (24) and the rear support (26). 3.根据权利要求1所述的用于测量大型带翼飞行体质量三维质心的测量机构，其特征在于：所述测量基座（4）通过设置在周边的弹力滚轮组（3）与总基座（1）的内壁相配合，起到定位作用。3 . The measuring mechanism for measuring the three-dimensional center of mass of a large winged flying body according to claim 1 , wherein the measuring base ( 4 ) is connected to the total base through the elastic roller set ( 3 ) arranged on the periphery. 4 . The inner wall of the seat (1) is matched to play a positioning role. 4.根据权利要求1所述的用于测量大型带翼飞行体质量三维质心的测量机构，其特征在于：所述升降机构（2）为多连杆机构，采用电动推杆或液压缸（6）进行升降。4. The measuring mechanism for measuring the three-dimensional center of mass of a large winged flying body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting mechanism (2) is a multi-link mechanism, using an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder (6). ) to lift.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1028987B1 (en) * 2022-01-21 2023-02-28 Zhengzhou Machinery Res Institute Co Ltd A mechanism for measuring the 3D center of mass of a large winged missile
CN115365549A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-22 南京宁庆数控机床制造有限公司 A kind of aircraft thruster fuel tank processing center and processing method thereof
CN115365549B (en) * 2022-09-16 2024-09-17 南京宁庆数控机床制造有限公司 Aircraft propeller fuel tank machining center and machining method thereof

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