CN114457584A - Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation - Google Patents
Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114457584A CN114457584A CN202210065319.7A CN202210065319A CN114457584A CN 114457584 A CN114457584 A CN 114457584A CN 202210065319 A CN202210065319 A CN 202210065319A CN 114457584 A CN114457584 A CN 114457584A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- carbon material
- dispersion liquid
- water evaporation
- graphene oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001548 drop coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005274 electronic transitions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photothermal conversion materials, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a carbon material dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.35-0.55 wt%, and uniformly coating the carbon material dispersion liquid on the grey cloth to obtain the carbon material single-side coating fabric for the interface photothermal water evaporation, wherein the content of the carbon material dispersion liquid on the grey cloth is 26.5-30 mu L/cm2. The invention combines various advantages of carbon materials and fiber materials and obtains the carbon fiber material by optimizing the preparation processThe carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation has the advantages of uniform loading, high energy utilization efficiency, stable structural performance and high cycling stability, is simple in preparation process, low in cost, easy for large-scale production and wide in application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion materials, in particular to preparation and application of a carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation.
Background
The ever-increasing demand for fossil fuel consumption poses various threats, including environmental pollution, greenhouse effect, and exhaustion of fossil fuels. Many people are suffering from a shortage of fresh water due to population growth, climate change and industrial activities over the last decades. Solar energy is the most promising renewable energy source on the earth's surface, and up to 340 ten thousand EJ of solar energy reaching the earth's surface every year is enough to meet the global annual energy demand as long as 0.1% of the total solar energy reaching the earth's surface can be utilized. The interface photo-thermal conversion water evaporation technology capable of comprehensively utilizing water resources and solar resources generates steam by heating water, and the steam generation can be applied to seawater desalination, sewage purification, sterilization and disinfection and the like. The technology uses clean, environment-friendly and free sunlight as the only energy supply source, can relieve the crisis of energy shortage and serious pollution at present, can supplement the supply of fresh water resources, and has huge development prospect.
The commonly used photothermal conversion materials include metal materials, ceramic materials, carbon-based materials, and the like.
The metal nanoparticles have a localized plasmon resonance effect. Common metal nanoparticles for photothermal conversion applications are gold, silver, copper, and aluminum, among others. The metal is a plasma consisting of equal amounts of free electrons and ions; incident light is an electromagnetic wave whose electric field causes free electrons in the metal nanoparticles to jump. Subsequently, an electric field force is formed on the surface of the metal nanoparticle due to the difference between the positive and negative charges, so that the free electron group vibrates, and the resonance is called local plasmon resonance. In the photothermal conversion system, when the frequency of photons of incident sunlight is the same as the resonance frequency of the nanoparticles, electrons in the nanoparticles absorb the energy of photons, and thus, an electronic transition is generated. The electronic transition causes the light energy to be converted into thermal energy, which is transferred to the surrounding liquid while the temperature of the nanoparticles is increased.
The ceramic material is very wide in variety, including oxide, nitride, sulfide, etc. Ceramic materials have two photothermal conversion mechanisms, the first one similar to that of metal nanoparticles, and the other one based on semiconductor-based absorption light.
Carbon materials (such as conventional graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, etc.) have good light absorption capacity. Amorphous carbon is a disordered solid carbon material mainly composed of mixed sp2 and sp3 bonds, and usually contains H element and N element. The carbon material has a wide absorption range for solar energy spectrum due to the existence of loose pi-pi energy level structure, thereby being beneficial to improving the light absorption capacity and light conversion capacity of the carbon material.
The metal nanoparticles have high-efficiency and localized heat energy conversion capability, but the absorbable spectral range is narrow, most of the energy of incident light is lost to the environment without being completely absorbed, the energy utilization efficiency is low, the expansibility is poor, and the raw material cost is high. The ceramic material is complex to prepare, high in cost, good in photothermal conversion performance only by needing a plurality of subsequent treatment processes, poor in large-scale application prospect and high in risk of environmental pollution. And the current common method has large loss of raw materials, poor practicability and poor capacity of large-scale preparation and production.
In contrast, the carbon material has the advantages of wide-band-spectrum light absorption performance, light-heat conversion capability, low cost, good light-heat conversion stability, easiness in large-scale preparation and the like. The preparation process of the carbon-based material is generally simpler and has lower cost, and the water evaporation rate can meet the requirement of practical application, so that the preparation method is the most promising application scheme on the whole. The fabric is used as a base material and treated by a coating method, and the characteristics of the fabric such as extensibility, low cost, easy processability and the like are utilized. The carbon-based material is coated on the fabric, and the effect of producing the interface photothermal conversion water evaporation material in a large scale and a large area can be obtained through a simpler process.
The fiber material has various types, special flexibility and mechanical strength, and has the advantages of diversified functions, light weight, low cost, tailorability and the like. The use of fibrous materials in interfacial photothermal conversion water evaporation systems may reduce manufacturing and operating costs and promote practicality while maintaining excellent efficiency and performance of the system.
The coating method has simple and convenient process, good coating effect and feasibility of large-scale preparation.
The fabric-based interface photothermal conversion water evaporation system with the single-side coating of the carbon nanotubes, the graphene oxide and the reduced graphene oxide is prepared by combining multiple advantages of carbon materials and fiber materials. The photo-thermal conversion effect obtained by loading different carbon materials on different fiber base materials is discussed, and the interface photo-thermal conversion water evaporation system of the carbon material single-side coating fabric with uniform loading, high energy utilization efficiency and stable structural performance is obtained by optimizing the preparation process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation. The whole preparation process has the advantages of simple and convenient process, low cost, easy large-scale production, high-efficiency water evaporation effect and strong large-scale use value.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a carbon material dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.35-0.55 wt%;
(2) uniformly coating the carbon material dispersion liquid on the gray cloth to prepare the carbon material single-side coating fabric for the interface photo-thermal water evaporation;
further, the content of the carbon material dispersion liquid on the gray cloth is 26.5-30 mu L/cm2。
Preferably, the gray cloth is a viscose fabric, a cotton fabric or a polyester fabric, preferably a viscose fabric.
Preferably, the application is by drop coating.
It should be noted that to ensure precise control of the area of the graphene oxide coating calculated to obtain the most accurate water evaporation rate, and to ensure control of the same loading of the photothermal conversion material, the coating was prepared by a drop coating method.
The photo-thermal conversion materials with the same load are controlled to be coated on different fabrics (viscose fabrics, cotton fabrics and polyester fabrics) so as to control the same photo-thermal conversion capability. By finding the fabric with the most suitable water delivery rate as the substrate, the fabric absorbs the water in an amount that matches the amount of water consumed by evaporation of the carbon material coating after photothermal conversion, thereby achieving the highest system efficiency with the least energy loss. If the moisture transport rate is low, the amount of water at the interface of the carbon material coating is too small, and the heat energy converted from the light energy is lost to the air around the heating, and cannot be sufficiently used for heating the moisture; if the water delivery rate is too high, most of the water absorbed from the water body is accumulated on the interface, the heat is not concentrated to be used for heating the water to evaporate, excessive water is collected in the local area, sunlight reaching the surface of the photothermal conversion material can be weakened, the photothermal conversion efficiency is reduced, the water delivery rate is not matched with the photothermal conversion efficiency, vicious circle is generated, and the water evaporation rate is reduced.
Preferably, the carbon material dispersion liquid has a concentration of 0.4 to 0.5 wt%.
Preferably, the carbon material dispersion liquid is a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid or a graphene oxide dispersion liquid.
Further, when the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is used as a carbon material dispersion liquid, the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is uniformly coated on a gray cloth to obtain a graphene oxide single-side coated fabric, and then reduction treatment is carried out.
Preferably, the reduction treatment is: and (3) uniformly mixing hydriodic acid with ethanol or acetic acid, and heating to obtain hydriodic acid steam which is combined with the graphene oxide single-side coating fabric to perform a reduction reaction.
Preferably, the concentration of the hydroiodic acid is 55-58%, and the volume ratio of the hydroiodic acid to the ethanol is 1: 1.5-2.5, preferably 1: 2.
Preferably, the heating temperature is 55-65 ℃ for 15-25 min, and the heating temperature is 60 ℃ for 20 min.
Specifically, the preparation method of the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting a gray fabric, soaking the cut gray fabric in absolute ethyl alcohol, treating the gray fabric in 60 ℃ water bath for 2-2.5 h, placing the processed gray fabric in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for ultrasonic treatment for 1-1.5 h, cooling the processed gray fabric to room temperature, washing off residual absolute ethyl alcohol on the surface of the gray fabric by deionized water, placing the gray fabric in a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying, and taking out the dried gray fabric for later use;
(2) preparing a carbon material dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.35-0.55 wt%;
(3) preparing a coating by adopting a dripping method, sucking a carbon material dispersion liquid by using a liquid moving machine, uniformly dripping the carbon material dispersion liquid on the surface of the pretreated fabric for carrying out load treatment, fixing the fabric by using a rubber band, then placing the fabric into a drying oven, treating the fabric for 1-1.5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, drying, then washing impurities on the surface of the fabric by using deionized water, washing and drying to prepare the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation;
(4) carrying out reduction treatment on a graphene oxide single-side coating fabric prepared from a graphene oxide dispersion solution by adopting an oil bath method, firstly mixing and preparing hydriodic acid and ethanol or acetic acid, oscillating to uniformly mix the hydriodic acid and the ethanol or the acetic acid, combining hydriodic acid steam obtained by heating with the graphene oxide single-side coating fabric to carry out reduction reaction, and preparing to obtain a reduced graphene oxide single-side coating fabric;
(5) the prepared carbon material single-side coating fabric is repeatedly washed by ethanol and deionized water to remove residual reactants on the surface.
The carbon material single-surface coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation is prepared by using the graphene oxide dispersion solution, the graphene oxide is combined with the viscose fabric firstly, and then the graphene oxide is reduced, so that the combining fastness of the graphene and the viscose fabric is improved, the loading capacity of the graphene on the surface of the viscose fabric is improved, the graphene oxide functional groups are rich and can be combined with active groups such as hydroxyl on the surface of the viscose fabric, the graphene oxide is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the viscose fabric through the combination of the graphene oxide and the viscose fabric, and the loading capacity of the graphene oxide is further improved.
The invention also provides application of the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation in seawater desalination treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
in the selection of raw materials, viscose fabric, cotton fabric or polyester fabric which has good hydrophilicity, easy processing and low cost and can be prepared in a large scale is selected as a base material; the carbon material with the advantages of low cost, good photo-thermal conversion effect, easy large-scale preparation and the like is selected to be used for preparing the carbon material dispersion liquid and used as a coating material, so that the production cost is greatly saved;
by adopting a dripping method, the loading capacity of the carbon material on the surface of the fabric can be effectively controlled, the evaporation area can be accurately controlled, proper dripping can ensure that the dispersion liquid does not completely permeate the fabric, so that the dispersion liquid is only attached to the single-layer surface of the fabric, the surface layer is used for light-heat conversion to generate heat, the inner layer is used for conveying water to keep continuous supply of the water, and the optimal water evaporation effect is obtained under the condition of consuming the least raw materials by adjusting the loading mode of the carbon material;
when the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation is prepared by using the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation is subjected to reduction treatment to prepare a reduced graphene oxide single-side coating fabric, so that the photo-thermal conversion performance and the structural stability of the graphene oxide single-side coating fabric are further improved; by optimizing and improving the reduction process, the reduction effect and the stability of the fabric structure are considered, a better photo-thermal conversion effect is obtained, and the appearance structure of the whole device is ensured; the thermal conductivity and the stability of the graphene oxide single-side coating fabric are improved after reduction treatment, the water evaporation rate is synchronously improved, and the water evaporation rate is 1.59 kg.m-2·h-1The speed is improved by 12 percent compared with the speed before reduction treatment, and after 10 times of cyclic operation, the speed is still higher than 1.53 kg.m-2·h-1The system keeps stable operation;
in the application of seawater desalination, the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation is not required to be added with energy to treat seawater, and the carbon coating on the surface of the composite fabric directly heats water and collects water vapor after absorbing sunlight and generating heat, so that the aim of energy-saving and efficient completion of seawater desalination treatment is fulfilled;
the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in preparation process, low in cost, easy for large-scale production, excellent in photo-thermal conversion effect and wide in application prospect.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon material single-side coated fabric for interfacial photothermal water evaporation prepared by the drop coating method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the measurement results of the water evaporation rate of the photothermal conversion material prepared from the viscose composite fabric loaded with carbon nanotube dispersions of different concentrations according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the water evaporation rate of the photothermal conversion material prepared from the viscose composite fabric loaded with the graphene oxide dispersion solution of different concentrations according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the viscose fabric (a) and the reduced graphene oxide coated viscose composite fabric (b) according to the embodiment of the present invention, with a scale bar of 100 μm;
fig. 5 is a raman spectrum of a graphene oxide coated fabric and a reduced graphene oxide coated fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Cutting grey cloth (viscose fabric, cotton fabric and polyester fabric) into experimental cloth of 10 × 10cm, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, treating in 60 deg.C water bath for 2h, ultrasonic treating in ultrasonic cleaning machine for 1h, cooling to room temperature, washing off residual absolute ethyl alcohol on the surface of grey cloth with deionized water, drying the grey cloth in 60 deg.C oven, and taking out.
The coating was prepared by a drop coating method, and a schematic diagram of the preparation process is shown in fig. 1. The specific operation is as follows: and sucking 100 mu L of carbon material dispersion liquid by using a liquid moving machine, and uniformly dropwise adding the carbon material dispersion liquid to the surface of the pretreated fabric for carrying treatment. The fabric was held in a centrifuge tube with an open diameter of 3cm using a rubber band. The coating was controlled to be circular with a diameter of 3 cm. And (3) after coating, putting the fabric into an oven, treating the fabric for 1h at 60 ℃, drying the fabric, then washing impurities on the surface of the fabric by using deionized water, and washing and drying the fabric for use.
The average water evaporation rate of viscose fabric, cotton fabric and terylene fabric is 0.75 kg.m in sequence under the condition of not loading the carbon material coating-2·h-1，0.7kg·m-2·h-1，0.4kg·m-2·h-1(ii) a When a layer of carbon nanotube dispersion (0.04 wt%) was coated on each of the viscose, cotton and polyester fabrics, the average water evaporation rate was 1.27kg · m in sequence after several tests-2·h-1、1.20kg·m-2·h-1、1.03kg·m-2·h-1。
The results show that the difference of the fabric hydrophilic performance is the main reason of the gradient change of the water evaporation rate, and the viscose fabric is selected as the raw material for subsequent experiments because the water evaporation rate of the viscose fabric-based coating structure is higher and more stable.
Example 2
Preparing carbon nanotube dispersion liquid with the mass fractions of 0.02 wt%, 0.04 wt%, 0.08 wt%, 0.10 wt%, 0.20 wt% and 0.40 wt%, and respectively preparing the photothermal conversion material of the carbon nanotube-supported viscose fabric by using a drop coating method. The water evaporation rate of the photothermal conversion material prepared from the viscose composite fabric loaded with the carbon nanotube dispersion solution of different concentrations was subjected to a repeatability test, and the results are shown in fig. 2.
The results in FIG. 2 show that the resulting water evaporation rates were, in order, 1.25 kg.m-2·h-1，1.27kg·m-2·h-1，1.47kg·m-2·h-1，1.51kg·m-2·h-1，1.56kg·m-2·h-1And 1.59kg m-2·h-1As the mass fraction of the carbon nanotube dispersion increased, the water evaporation rate of the system tended to increase and reached a rate of 0.4 wt% per hourThe rate reached the highest, after which the mass fraction of the dispersion was increased and the water evaporation rate of the system did not change significantly. It follows that coating viscose fabric with 0.4 wt% carbon nanotube dispersion is the best solution, so the influence of the number of coating layers on the water evaporation rate is further analyzed with the carbon nanotube dispersion with the mass fraction of 0.4 wt%.
Example 3
After dropping coating with 0.4 wt% carbon nanotube dispersion liquid for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times, the water evaporation efficiency of the resulting system was 1.59kg · m in this order-2·h-1、1.54kg·m-2·h-1、1.62kg·m-2·h-1、1.66kg·m-2·h-1And 1.63kg m-2·h-1There was no significant difference in water evaporation rate.
And (5) drawing a conclusion that: the number of coating layers does not affect the photothermal conversion efficiency of the composite fabric basically, and as the number of coating layers increases, the excessively thick coating layers attached to the fabric can hinder the evaporation of water, and the optimal scheme is to coat a layer of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid from the perspective of saving cost.
Example 4
The coating effect of 50. mu.L, 100. mu.L and 150. mu.L of the dispersion was investigated by using 0.5 wt% graphene oxide dispersion as a standard solution.
When 50 mu L of dispersion liquid is dripped, the graphene oxide particles on the surface of the fabric are not completely loaded, and part of the surface of the fabric is not loaded with the graphene oxide; when 150 mu L of dispersion liquid is dripped, excessive graphene oxide particles are redundant on the surface of the fabric, the thickness of the coating is uneven, the back of the fabric has a permeation phenomenon, and the waste of raw materials is caused; when 100 mul of dispersion liquid is dripped, the graphene oxide particles on the surface of the fabric are uniformly and completely coated on the surface of the fabric, and the method is an optimal coating process.
Example 5
And (3) taking the pretreated viscose fabric as a base material, preparing 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 1.5 wt% of graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and preparing the single-side coated viscose composite fabric by using 100 mu L of dispersion liquid in a dropping mode.
As a result, the fabric front side was found to appear brown-yellow due to the graphene oxide loading, but the coating back side was relatively lighter in color, and the fabric front and back sides gradually darkened as the dispersion mass fraction increased. The fact that only a small amount of graphene oxide permeates through the fabric is shown, the viscose fabric is mainly loaded with the graphene oxide on one side, and the water conveying capacity below the surface layer of the fabric can be kept by controlling the proper loading amount. The structure of the single-side coating enables the composite fabric to have strong light absorption capacity, rapid moisture transmission and high-efficiency photothermal conversion efficiency. The results of the tests are shown in FIG. 3.
FIG. 3 shows that the water evaporation rates of 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 1.5 wt% graphene oxide coated viscose composite fabric based systems are 1.1 kg-m-2·h-1、1.42kg·m-2·h-1、1.37kg·m-2·h-1And 1.34kg m-2·h-1. Analysis shows that the photothermal conversion efficiency is the best at a concentration of 0.5 wt%. Compared with 0.1 wt%, the photothermal conversion coating has more load capacity and more heat generated by photothermal conversion, when the concentration exceeds 0.5 wt%, the heat generated by photothermal conversion reaches a peak value, and when the load capacity is further increased, the excessive graphene oxide particles rather weaken the moisture transportation, resulting in a decrease in the water evaporation rate.
Example 6
In order to further improve the photothermal conversion performance and the structural stability of the viscose composite fabric with the graphene oxide coating, reduction treatment needs to be carried out on the viscose composite fabric. Mixing hydriodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution, oscillating the solution to uniformly mix the solution, heating the hydriodic acid by adopting an oil bath method to combine hydriodic acid steam with the composite fabric for reduction reaction, preparing the adhesive composite fabric with the reduced graphene oxide coating, and repeatedly washing the prepared fabric by using ethyl alcohol and deionized water to remove residual reactants on the surface.
And selecting a viscose composite fabric prepared by dropwise adding 100 mu L of 0.5 wt% graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and exploring a reduction process on the basis. Preparing a reducing agent by using hydroiodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a volume ratio of (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3), and heating at a high temperature (40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 80 ℃) for a certain time (10min, 20min and 30min) by using an oil bath method.
The reducing agent is heated for 20min by an oil bath method at 60 ℃, and the influence caused by the change of the concentration of the hydroiodic acid in the reducing agent is researched. The result shows that when the reducing agent is prepared by hydriodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the reaction is too violent, and the surface of the fabric is cracked; the reducing agent is prepared according to the volume ratio of 1:3, the reaction process is slow, and the reduction of the graphene oxide is insufficient; the reducing agent is prepared in a volume ratio of 1:2, graphene oxide is sufficiently reduced, the surface of the fabric is not cracked, and the ratio is an optimal concentration scheme.
Example 7
Preparing a reducing agent by using hydroiodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2, heating for 20min by using an oil bath method, and researching the influence of the oil bath temperature of 40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.
The results show that when the oil bath temperature is set to 80 ℃, the reaction is too violent, and the surface of the fabric is cracked; when the oil bath temperature is set to 40 ℃, the reaction process is slow, and the reduction of the graphene oxide is insufficient; when the oil bath temperature is set to 60 ℃, the graphene oxide is sufficiently reduced, and the surface of the fabric is not cracked, and the ratio is an optimal temperature scheme.
The reducing agent is prepared from hydroiodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2, heating is carried out by an oil bath method at 60 ℃, and influences brought by heating time of 10min, 20min and 30min are researched. The result shows that when the heating time is 30min, the reaction is too violent, and the surface of the fabric is cracked; when the heating time is 10min, the reaction process is slow, and the reduction of the graphene oxide is insufficient; when the heating time is 20min, the graphene oxide is fully reduced, and the surface of the fabric is not cracked, and the ratio is an optimal reaction scheme.
In conclusion, the reducing agent is prepared by hydroiodic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2, and the optimal scheme is heating for 20min by an oil bath method at 60 ℃.
Fig. 4 shows scanning electron microscope images of the viscose fabric (a) and the reduced graphene oxide coated viscose composite fabric (b) in the embodiment of the invention, that the fabric structure does not change significantly before and after the reduction treatment under the appropriate reduction reaction condition. The fiber mesh structure of the viscose composite fabric with the reduced graphene oxide coating can be clearly seen, the reduced graphene oxide coating is attached to the surface of the fiber, the network structure of the fiber can continuously transmit moisture through capillary action, and the reduced graphene oxide coating enables the composite fabric to have strong light absorption and photothermal conversion capacity.
FIG. 5 shows Raman spectra of the graphene oxide coated fabric and the reduced graphene oxide coated fabric according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the D peak is 1350cm-1The G peak is at 1580cm-1Through ID/IGThe ratio of (a) to (b) determines the degree of graphitization. I of reduced graphene oxideD/IGThe ratio is 1.19 and is higher than 0.76 of graphene oxide, which indicates that a large number of new and smaller conjugated domains are formed in the reduction process, and the reduction reaction has obvious effect. The test shows that the water evaporation rate of the prepared system is 1.59 kg.m-2·h-1After reduction reaction, the speed is improved by 12 percent, and after 10 times of cyclic operation, the speed is still higher than 1.53 kg.m-2·h-1The system remains stable in operation.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a carbon material dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.35-0.55 wt%;
(2) uniformly coating the carbon material dispersion liquid on a blank cloth to prepare the carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation;
the coating amount of the carbon material dispersion liquid on the gray cloth is 26.5-30 mu L/cm2。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gray cloth is a viscose fabric, a cotton fabric or a polyester fabric.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the coating is performed by droplet coating.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon material dispersion liquid is a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid or a graphene oxide dispersion liquid.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein when the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is used as a carbon material dispersion liquid, the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is uniformly coated on a gray cloth to obtain a graphene oxide single-sided coated fabric, and then reduction treatment is performed.
6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the reduction treatment is: and (3) mixing hydriodic acid with ethanol or acetic acid uniformly, and heating to obtain hydriodic acid steam which is combined with the graphene oxide single-side coating fabric to perform a reduction reaction.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the hydroiodic acid is 55-58%, and the volume ratio of the hydroiodic acid to the ethanol is 1: 1.5-2.5.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the heating is carried out at a temperature of 55 to 65 ℃ for 15 to 25 min.
9. A carbon material single-side coated fabric for interface photothermal water evaporation prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the carbon material single-side coated fabric for interfacial photothermal water evaporation according to claim 9 in seawater desalination treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210065319.7A CN114457584A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210065319.7A CN114457584A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114457584A true CN114457584A (en) | 2022-05-10 |
Family
ID=81409629
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210065319.7A Pending CN114457584A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114457584A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106958141A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-18 | 东华大学 | A kind of method for preparing photothermal deformation fabric |
| CN107338642A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-10 | 江南大学 | A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109183394A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-11 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method of photothermal conversion heat-accumulation temperature-adjustment cotton fabric |
| US20190106335A1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Nanjing University | Multilayer body, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-01-18 CN CN202210065319.7A patent/CN114457584A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190106335A1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Nanjing University | Multilayer body, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
| CN106958141A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-18 | 东华大学 | A kind of method for preparing photothermal deformation fabric |
| CN107338642A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-10 | 江南大学 | A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109183394A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-11 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method of photothermal conversion heat-accumulation temperature-adjustment cotton fabric |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘国一等: "基于氢碘酸还原氧化石墨烯的研究", 《化学与粘合》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107879405B (en) | Solar water evaporation purification and decomposition device | |
| CN107338642A (en) | A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application | |
| CN109266315B (en) | Preparation method of carbon dot-based photothermal conversion material | |
| US20200101420A1 (en) | Superhydrophobic coated micro-porous carbon foam membrane and method for solar-thermal driven desalination | |
| CN104831252B (en) | Preparation method for one-surface in situ gas phase growth of carbon nanofiber composite structure on carbon fiber paper, and application of composite structure | |
| CN113149114B (en) | Solar water evaporation material | |
| CN101705037A (en) | Method for preparing solar selective heat-absorbing paint | |
| CN113860413B (en) | Solar evaporator based on biomass hydrogel/nano carbon material and application thereof | |
| CN113307321A (en) | Solar interface evaporator and application thereof | |
| CN111905767B (en) | Nano pompon-shaped molybdenum sulfide/wood-based carbon porous electrode material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN113149115B (en) | Multistage heterostructure membrane for photo-thermal seawater desalination and preparation method | |
| CN114702093B (en) | Method for preparing three-dimensional porous salt-resistant interface evaporator by CNTs modified polyurethane sponge | |
| CN108893974A (en) | One type petal molybdenum disulfide film and its preparation method and application | |
| CN113152078A (en) | Photo-thermal composite material based on carbon fiber cloth and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110372056A (en) | The vaporising device and vapo(u)rization system of high speed evaporation are carried out using a variety of physical fields | |
| CN106784872B (en) | A method of the nitrogen-doped carbon material based on chemical vapor deposition preparation nitrogen containing pure pyridine | |
| CN114620794B (en) | Transpiration-imitating photo-thermal water evaporation fresh water collector and preparation method thereof | |
| Yuan et al. | A high-efficiency solar water evaporation-photocatalysis system achieved by manipulating surface wettability and constructing heterojunction | |
| CN114477342A (en) | All-weather graphene-based seawater desalination fiber membrane and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114457584A (en) | Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation | |
| CN111793243B (en) | Photo-thermal evaporation material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111900417A (en) | Preparation method of carbon paper for high-carbon-content fuel cell gas diffusion layer | |
| CN115400699B (en) | Preparation method and application of reduced graphene oxide/phosphate polyvinyl alcohol composite aerogel | |
| CN114644375B (en) | Drip irrigation type polyurethane sponge seawater evaporation structure and application thereof | |
| CN113694953B (en) | Preparation method of carbon cloth/large-area two-dimensional graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheet hydrogen production photocatalytic film |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220510 |