CN114457471B - Gradual opening unit for dispersing microfiber bundles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles, including a step-by-step opening device and a fiber feeding device; the step-by-step opening device is in the shape of an inverted tower and is divided into multiple layers, each layer It is an independent inverted tower-shaped opening roller, and the rotation between adjacent layers is opposite; the inverted tower-shaped opening roller is distributed with comb needles and holes inside, and the outer bottom is a gear-shaped meshing area, which can mesh with the external gear and rotate; The upper part of the opening device is the fiber feeding device, including the supporting plate, the limiting channel and the conveying curtain. The limiting channel is fixed on the supporting plate, and the fiber clusters pass through the supporting plate and the fiber channel from the conveying curtain to the opening device in sequence. . Compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces fiber damage through multiple step-by-step openings with small damages, finely disperses ultra-fine fibers, and has a good impurity removal function at the same time.

Description

Gradual opening unit for dispersing microfiber bundles

technical field

The invention relates to the field of non-woven textile machinery, in particular to a step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of social productivity, fibers have gradually developed from natural fibers, ordinary chemical fibers, etc. to superfine fibers. Due to its advantages of finer fineness, larger specific surface area, and stronger surface adsorption force, ultra-fine fibers have attracted widespread attention in the market, but also due to the above characteristics, it is difficult to disperse evenly during the opening process and form knots. The phenomenon is serious, and how to realize the efficient and uniform opening of superfine fibers is a big problem.

The current opener is divided into free opening and holding opening according to different feeding methods. Free opening has less damage to fibers, but the loosening effect is poor, while holding opener is stronger than free opening. But the damage to the fiber is greater. In order to meet the requirements of having a good opening effect on ultrafine fiber bundles and retaining the integrity of the fibers to a greater extent, it is ideal to open by multiple small damage free opening methods.

Patent ZL202020008058.1 discloses a superfine fiber opener, through the tearing and striking of two gear rollers, and the continuous tearing of the fibers on the conveyor belt with a brush for further opening, but the brush can only open the fiber web in the conveyor belt The surface layer is torn, and the tearing effect is weak.

Patent ZL201520047348.6 discloses a fiber opening machine and a fiber opening unit, which can open fibers multiple times, and the fibers that fall during the opening process can be automatically collected and reused. Although this invention increases the number of openings , but only through the combination of multiple opening machines to increase the number of openings, the process is longer, the process is complicated, and the machine occupies a large area.

Patent CN201811036788.6 discloses a cashmere opening and roughing machine. Through the cooperation of multiple cylinders and transfer rollers, the speed of the cylinders increases sequentially from front to back, realizing the step-by-step opening of cashmere, but the opening process is relatively long , The equipment occupies a large area, and the impurity removal effect is not ideal.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing ultrafine fiber bundles, which can finely disperse ultrafine fibers through multiple openings with small damages, and at the same time have a good impurity removal function.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, which solves the problem that existing openers have poor opening effects on superfine fiber bundles. , the problem that ultrafine fiber bundles cannot be dispersed into a single fiber state.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

The object of the present invention is to protect a progressive opening mechanism for dispersing ultrafine fiber bundles, including a progressive opening device and a fiber feeding device, wherein specifically:

The step-by-step opening device is an inverted tower-shaped structure, and the step-by-step opening device is formed by stacking a plurality of independent inverted-tower-shaped opening rollers sequentially, and each layer of inverted-tower-shaped opening rollers is sequentially provided with opening rollers from the inside to the outside. Loose area, core layer, hollow layer and cortex, the lower end of the opening area of the bottom opening roller is connected to the fiber conveying channel, the lower end of the hollow layer of the bottom opening roller is connected to the impurity conveying channel, and the inner surface of the core layer is provided with comb needles and holes are distributed to realize the function of opening and removing impurities. The bottom end of the cortex is provided with a gear-shaped meshing area. Rotate, and make the turning direction of the adjacent inverted tower-shaped opening rollers reverse, and a support column is connected between the cortex and the core layer;

The fiber feeding device includes a supporting plate, a limiting channel and a conveying curtain. The supporting plate is arranged above the inverted tower-shaped step-by-step opening device. The limiting channel is fixed on the supporting plate. The limiting channel It can limit the deviation of the fed fiber, the fiber output by the conveying curtain reaches the supporting plate, passes through the limiting channel to the step-by-step opening device, and is output from the fiber conveying channel after being opened by the step-by-step opening device.

Further, the rotation speed ratio of each layer of inverted tower-shaped opening rollers is adjusted through the transmission ratio of the external gear set, and the direction of the inverted tower-shaped opening rollers is always directed from the needle pin to the needle head.

Furthermore, the hollow layers of the inverted tower-shaped opening rollers of each layer are connected to each other and connected to the impurity conveying channel. After the impurities are separated, they reach the hollow layer through the holes and reach the impurity conveying channel along the outer wall.

Further, the height of the inverted tower-shaped opening rollers is 20-100 mm, the number of layers is 4-18 layers, and the height of the inverted tower-shaped opening rollers decreases step by step from top to bottom;

The inner diameter of the core layer is 100-2000mm, and the inner diameter of the cortex is 130-2300mm;

The thickness of the skin layer is 50-150 mm, the thickness of the core layer is 1-10 mm, and the spacing of the hollow layer is 30-300 mm.

Further, the comb needles and holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the core layer in a staggered arrangement, and the needle planting density of the comb needles is 300-1000 thorns/in ² .

Further, between adjacent inverted tower-shaped opening rollers, the comb needles point in opposite directions, and the comb needles have an operating angle of 30-80°.

Further, the axial direction of the support column is parallel to the horizontal plane, the support column and the engagement area are located in the same plane, and the support column is evenly distributed in the gap between the cortex and the core layer, and the support column is the core The cortex provides support and transmits the rotational power of the cortex to the core layer, driving the rotation of the core layer;

The diameter of the support column is 10-50 mm.

Further, the supporting plate is trumpet-shaped, the supporting plate is fixed and does not rotate, the diameter of the thin end of the supporting plate is 500-2000 mm, and the diameter of the thick end of the supporting plate is 600-2200 mm.

Further, the width of the limiting channel is 200-1000 mm.

Further, the opening objects of the step-by-step opening mechanism include one or more of cotton rolls, fiber clusters, and flakes, and the diameter of the openable fibers is 1-18 μm.

The opening mechanism of the present invention is as follows:

The fiber layer is output from the conveying curtain, reaches the supporting plate, passes through the limiting channel, and reaches the step-by-step opening device. The step-by-step opening device is composed of multiple independent inverted tower-shaped opening rollers. The surface of the core layer of the opening roller is covered with evenly distributed comb needles and holes. Point to the tip of the needle. After the fiber layer enters the step-by-step opening device, it will first be torn by the single-layer comb needles to form fiber clusters of various sizes. Due to the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation, impurities are separated from the fiber clusters and enter the hollow layer from the holes. At the same time The fiber mass transfers to the root of the carding needle, and the transfer process is also a fiber mixing process; the fiber mass at the root of the carding needle is in a semi-holding state, that is, it is close to the inner wall of the core layer, and is not held to restrict displacement; when the fiber mass When reaching the junction of layers, due to the opposite direction of the adjacent two layers, a shearing effect is generated, and the fiber cluster is torn. This tearing effect is between free opening and holding opening; the fibers pass through from top to bottom. Multi-layer tearing effect, from fiber cluster to fiber bundle and single fiber state; the height and speed of each layer are different, from top to bottom, the height of each layer gradually decreases, and the speed gradually increases, thus making the opening frequency gradually increase , the opening effect is enhanced step by step.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

1) Different from the traditional opening machine that produces tearing and loosening effect on the fiber layer along its moving direction, the tearing effect of this machine on the fiber layer is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fiber web and is in line with the orientation direction of most fibers in the fiber layer Vertical, which is more conducive to loosening into single fibers;

2) In this technical solution, when the fiber group is in the single-layer inverted tower-shaped opening roller, it receives the free opening effect, and when it is between the layers of the inverted tower-shaped opening roller, it receives the semi-holding opening effect. The two functions are carried out alternately, while having a good loosening effect, it reduces fiber damage and is suitable for opening ultrafine fibers;

3) This technical solution realizes the step-by-step loosening of fibers, and the opening effect is more moderate than that of one-step opening, and the opening effect is more excellent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fiber layer feeding among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the surface of the core layer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the step-by-step opening mechanism in Embodiment 1.

Among them, 1-inverted tower-shaped opening roller, 2-core layer, 3-hollow layer, 4-cortex, 5-meshing area, 6-support column, 7-impurity conveying channel, 8-fiber conveying channel, 9-support Holding plate, 10-limiting channel, 11-conveying curtain, 12-transmission gear set, 13-motor, 14-opening area.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Features such as structure/module name, control mode, technological process or composition ratio that are not clearly stated in this technical solution are regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, a step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles provided by the present invention includes a step-by-step opening device and a fiber feeding device.

The step-by-step opening device is in the shape of an inverted tower, and is formed by stacking a plurality of independent inverted-tower-shaped opening rollers 1 in sequence. The inverted tower-shaped opening roller 1 is divided into an opening area 14, a core layer 2, a hollow layer 3 and a cortex 4 from the inside to the outside. Impurity removal function: the bottom end of the cortex 4 is a gear-shaped meshing area 5, which can engage with the external gear and rotate, and the cortex 4 and the core layer 2 are connected through the support column 6.

Referring to Fig. 2, the fiber feeding device includes a supporting plate 9, a limiting channel 10 and a conveying curtain 11. The supporting plate 9 is located above the inverted tower-shaped step-by-step opening device, and the limiting channel 10 is fixed on the supporting plate 9. To limit the deviation of the fed fibers, the fibers output by the conveying curtain 11 reach the supporting plate 9, pass through the limiting passage 10 to the opening device, and are output from the fiber conveying passage 8 after being opened.

During specific implementation, the inverted tower-shaped opening roller 1 meshes with the external gear in the meshing area 5, and is driven by the gear to rotate, and the steering direction is always from the needle 21 to the needle head; the inverted tower-shaped opening roller 1 has a height of 20-100mm, and the The number is 4-18 layers; the inner diameter of the core layer 2 is 100-2000mm, and the inner diameter of the cortex 4 is 130-2300mm; the height of the inverted tower-shaped opening roller 1 decreases step by step from top to bottom; The layers 3 are connected to each other, so that the hollow layer 3 of the bottom opening roller 1 is connected to the impurity conveying channel 7. After the impurity is separated from the fiber group, it reaches the hollow layer 3 through the hole 22, and reaches the impurity conveying channel 7 along the outer wall; the thickness of the cortex 4 50-150mm, the thickness of the core layer 2 is 1-10mm, and the spacing of the hollow layer 3 is 30-300mm.

During specific implementation, the comb needles 21 and holes 22 are evenly distributed on the surface of the core layer 2 in the order of staggered rows; the needle planting density of the comb needles 21 is 300-1000 thorns/in ² ; Between the rollers 1, the comb needles 21 point oppositely; the working angle of the comb needles 21 is 30-80°.

During specific implementation, the supporting column 6 is axially horizontal, located in the same plane as the meshing area 5, and evenly distributed to provide support for the core layer 2 and transmit the power of the cortex 4 to the core layer 2 to drive the rotation of the core layer 2; the supporting column 6 The diameter is 10 to 50mm.

During specific implementation, the supporting plate 9 is trumpet-shaped, fixed and does not rotate, the diameter of the thin end is 500-2000 mm, and the diameter of the thick end is 600-2200 mm; the width of the limiting channel 10 is 200-1000 mm; the opening objects include cotton rolls, One or more of the fiber clusters and flakes, the diameter of the loosenable fibers is 1-18 μm.

During specific operation, the fiber layer is output from the conveying curtain 11, reaches the supporting plate 9, passes through the limiting channel 10, and reaches the step-by-step opening device. The step-by-step opening device is composed of a plurality of independent inverted tower-shaped opening rollers 1 stacked, and the surface of the core layer 2 of the opening roller is covered with evenly distributed comb needles 21 and holes 22, see Figure 3, two adjacent layers of comb needles 21 Pointing in the opposite direction, and the steering is always from the root of the needle to the tip of the needle. After the fiber layer enters the step-by-step opening device, it will first be torn by the single-layer comb needle 21 to form fiber clusters of various sizes. Due to the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation, impurities are separated from the fiber cluster and enter the hollow layer from the hole 22. 3. At the same time, the fiber cluster is transferred to the root of the carding needle 21, and the transfer process is also a fiber mixing process; the fiber cluster at the root of the carding needle 21 is in a half-holding state, that is, it is close to the inner wall of the core layer 2, and is not held to restrict displacement state; when the fiber group reaches the junction of the layers, because the two adjacent layers turn in the opposite direction, a shearing effect occurs, and the fiber group is torn, and this tearing effect is between free opening and holding opening; From top to bottom, after multi-layer tearing, the state of fiber clusters becomes fiber bundles and single fibers; the height and speed of each layer are different, and from top to bottom, the height of each layer gradually decreases, and the speed gradually increases. The frequency of opening is gradually increased, and the effect of opening is gradually enhanced.

Existing openers can achieve good opening effects on fiber materials such as raw cotton and ordinary chemical fibers, but for fiber blocks formed by ultrafine fibers, due to the finer fineness of ultrafine fibers, larger specific surface area, and surface adsorption Stronger and therefore less effective in opening. In the present invention, the adjacent opening rollers are reversely torn, and the opening rollers accelerate the opening multiple times step by step, thereby enhancing the opening effect on the premise of ensuring good integrity of the superfine fibers.

The above descriptions of the embodiments are for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A step-by-step opening machine member for dispersing bundles of ultra-fine fibers, comprising:

the opening device is of a reversed tower-shaped structure and is formed by sequentially stacking a plurality of independent reversed tower-shaped opening rollers (1), an opening area (14), a core layer (2), a hollow layer (3) and a skin layer (4) are sequentially arranged on each reversed tower-shaped opening roller (1) from inside to outside, the lower end of the opening area (14) of the bottommost opening roller (1) is in butt joint with a fiber conveying channel (8), the lower end of the hollow layer (3) of the bottommost opening roller (1) is in butt joint with an impurity conveying channel (7), a comb needle (21) and an eyelet (22) are arranged on the inner side surface of the core layer (2) and distributed to realize the opening function and the impurity removal function, a gear-shaped engagement area (5) is arranged at the bottom end of the skin layer (4), the engagement area (5) can be engaged with an external gear and can realize the rotation of the reversed tower-shaped opening roller (1) under the driving of the external gear, the steering directions of the adjacent reversed tower-shaped opening roller (1) are opposite, and a support column (6) is connected between the skin layer (4) and the core layer (2);

fiber feeding device holds board (9), spacing passageway (10) and carries curtain (11) including holding in the palm, hold in the palm and hold board (9) and locate down the turriform and open the device top step by step, spacing passageway (10) are fixed in and hold in the palm on board (9), spacing passageway (10) can restrict feeding fiber skew, and the fiber of carrying curtain (11) output reachs and holds board (9), and the device is opened step by step in spacing passageway (10) arrival, exports from fiber transfer passage (8) after opening the effect of opening the device step by step.

2. The step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing superfine fiber bundles according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation speed ratio of each layer of the inverted tower-shaped opening roller (1) is adjusted by the transmission ratio of an external gear set, and the direction of rotation of the inverted tower-shaped opening roller (1) is always directed from the needle feet of the carding wire (21) to the needle heads.

3. The stepwise opening mechanism for the distribution of bundles of microfine fibers as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the hollow layers (3) of the inverted-tower-shaped opening rolls (1) are connected to each other and to the impurity feed passage (7), and the impurities are separated and reach the hollow layers (3) through the perforations (22) and reach the impurity feed passage (7) along the outer wall.

4. The stepwise loosening mechanism for dispersing microfiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the height of the reversed tower-shaped loosening roller (1) is 20-100 mm, the number of layers is 4-18, and the height of the reversed tower-shaped loosening roller (1) is gradually decreased from top to bottom;

the inner diameter of the core layer (2) is 100-2000 mm, and the inner diameter of the skin layer (4) is 130-2300 mm;

the thickness of the skin layer (4) is 50-150 mm, the thickness of the core layer (2) is 1-10 mm, and the space between the hollow layers (3) is 30-300 mm.

5. The progressive opening mechanism for dispersing the microfiber bundle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carding wire (21) and the eyelet (22) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the core layer (2) in a staggered arrangement, and the needling density of the carding wire (21) is 300-1000 punches/in ² 。

6. A stepwise opening mechanism for spreading bundles of ultra fine fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that between adjacent tower-like opening rolls (1), the comb fingers (21) are directed oppositely, the working angle of the comb fingers (21) being 30-80 °.

7. The step-by-step opening mechanism for dispersing the superfine fiber bundles is characterized in that the axial direction of the supporting columns (6) is parallel to the horizontal plane, the supporting columns (6) and the meshing area (5) are positioned in the same plane, the supporting columns (6) are uniformly distributed in the gap between the skin layer (4) and the core layer (2), and the supporting columns (6) provide support for the core layer (2) and transmit the rotating power of the skin layer (4) to the core layer (2) to drive the core layer (2) to rotate;

the diameter of the support column (6) is 10-50 mm.

8. The stepwise opening machine for spreading bundles of microfine fibers as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said holding plate (9) is formed in a horn shape, the holding plate (9) is fixed against rotation, the diameter of the thin end of the holding plate (9) is 500-2000 mm, and the diameter of the thick end of the holding plate (9) is 600-2200 mm.

9. A progressive opening mechanism for the dispersion of bundles of microfine fibres as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said limiting channel (10) has a width comprised between 200 and 1000mm.

10. The progressive opening mechanism for dispersing the superfine fiber bundles according to claim 1, wherein the object of opening of the progressive opening mechanism comprises one or more of cotton rolls, fiber clusters and flocculus, and the diameter of the openable fiber is 1-18 μm.

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