CN114453712A - Application of ternary mixed protective gas in gas metal arc welding - Google Patents
Application of ternary mixed protective gas in gas metal arc welding Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 382
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetylene Chemical compound C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of ternary mixed type shielding gas in consumable electrode gas shielded welding, wherein 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein the ternary mixed type shielding gas comprises 1-5% of O by volume percentage212-35% of CO2And the balance of Ar, wherein the base metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250-300 g/m2And the thickness of the galvanized plate is more than or equal to 2.0 mm. The invention utilizes the respective functions and the effect of matching various gases in the welding protective gas, and the mode of solving the welding defect of the galvanized plate in the mode of highest cost performance by matching with the welding process, and the theoretical basis is mainly CO2For reducing molten drop goldBelongs to surface tension, stable arc, O2The method has the advantages of fully burning zinc steam, reducing splashing, improving welding seam forming and being beneficial to setting process parameters for welding the galvanized sheet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of galvanized plate welding, and particularly relates to application of ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding.
Background
Galvanized sheet, i.e. steel sheet coated with a layer of metallic zinc on the surface of the steel sheet in order to prevent the surface of the steel sheet from being corroded and prolong the service life of the steel sheet. Because of good surface protection performance, the galvanized sheet product is mainly applied to the industries of buildings, automobiles, household appliances and the like.
However, during the arc welding process, the temperature of the arc is far higher than the temperature (906 ℃) at which the zinc coating is gasified, and the formed zinc vapor can form surface and/or internal pore defects once entering the welding molten pool; in addition, the spatter generated during welding also causes porosity defects. The defects of welding process parameters, air holes and the like in combination with the welding joint forming need to be avoided as much as possible in the welding process of the galvanized sheet. In the gas metal arc welding process, the component setting of the shielding gas and the corresponding welding process are important influencing factors. Of course, different industries have respective requirements for the porosity defect tolerance of the gas shielded welding head of the galvanized sheet metal consumable electrode.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 109551086 a discloses a gas metal arc high-speed welding method for galvanized sheets, which utilizes a special welding gas protection device including a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a protective cover assembly. Wherein the welding protective gas communicated with the first pipeline is Ar + (8-18%) CO2The welding flux is consistent with the shielding gas adopted in the traditional gas metal arc welding process; the second pipeline is communicated with inert gas which comprises Ar, He or mixed gas of Ar and He.
European patent publication EP 2823931B 1 discloses a solid welding wire for welding of galvanized sheets and a corresponding welding shielding gas. The welding protective gas adopts Ar + (25-40%) CO2To be mixed with Si and Mn componentsAnd developing a specified welding material.
US patent publication No. US 7718915B 2 discloses a gas mixture suitable for gas metal arc welding of galvanized sheets in the following proportions: (8-15%) O2+(20～30％)CO2+ Ar. The patent does not limit the conditions of the galvanized sheet (zinc layer, etc.), the welding materials and the key welding process parameters (welding speed), etc., but only describes the above information in the introduction of the case, and O2A content exceeding 8% is obviously not controllable for oxidation of the weldment during welding, even if a low input pulse mode is used according to the patent.
The U.S. patent publication No. US 10682718B 2 discloses a pulse welding method, which utilizes the peak value and the basic current of a pulse to control the welding quality of a galvanized sheet, and the duty ratio of the peak current is changed between (7-50%) with the thickness of the galvanized sheet. Meanwhile, Ar + (1-10%) O is adopted as welding protective gas2Or CO2Of (4) a binary gas.
Further, there are also japanese korean patents in which a galvanized sheet is welded using a binary gas, but there is basically no comprehensive invention of the case of the galvanized sheet (thickness, galvanized layer, etc.), welding process, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the application of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The application of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein the ternary mixed type shielding gas comprises 1-5% of O in percentage by volume212 to 35% of CO2And the balance of Ar, wherein the base metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250-300 g/m2And the thickness of the galvanized plate is more than or equal to 2.0 mm.
In the above technical solution, the butt joint method of 2 base materials at the time of welding is fillet joint.
In the technical scheme, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 160-200A, and the welding voltage is 17-21V.
In the technical scheme, the dry elongation of the welding is 15-20 mm, the welding angle is 5-10 degrees, and the welding speed is 5-10 mm/s.
In the above technical scheme, the welding is a right-hand welding method.
In the technical scheme, the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by ternary mixed protective gas with the flow rate of 15-25L/min.
In the technical scheme, the wind speed of the environment during welding is less than or equal to 1.5 m/s.
In the technical scheme, the welding wire is an ER50-6 solid welding wire, and the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0-1.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the optimal welding quality improvement scheme with the best effect is obtained by optimizing the welding protective gas ratio with the most optimized cost and combining the optimization of welding process parameters. The scheme of adopting equipment with a relatively high cost and an optimized power supply control mode and switching of special welding materials for the galvanized plate is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the respective functions and the effect of matching various gases in the welding protective gas, matches with the welding process, solves the welding defects (mainly pores) of the galvanized plate in a mode of highest cost performance, and has the theoretical basis that CO is mainly used2To relieve the surface tension of the molten drop metal and to stabilize the arc, O2The method has the advantages of fully burning zinc steam, reducing splashing, improving welding seam forming and being beneficial to setting process parameters for welding the galvanized sheet.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a post-welding X-ray view of a galvanized sheet in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a post-welding X-ray view of a galvanized sheet in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a post-welding X-ray view of a galvanized sheet in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 1;
FIG. 8 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 2;
FIG. 9 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 3;
FIG. 10a is a weld pattern of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 4;
FIG. 10b is a post-welding X-ray view of the galvanized sheet in comparative example 4;
FIG. 11 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 5;
FIG. 12 is a welding drawing of a galvanized sheet in comparative example 6.
Detailed Description
The reasons for limiting the composition of the mixed shielding gas in the present invention are as follows:
ar content: ar is the most commonly used inert shielding gas used in welding various materials, and plays a role in preventing air from entering a welding area and preventing the air from being oxidized and nitrided when a galvanized plate is welded.
However, regardless of the material, the addition of the reactive gas is necessary for gas metal arc welding. Thus, CO2And O2Are suitable reactive gases.
CO2The content is as follows: CO 22Is the most common active gas suitable for gas metal arc welding, and has the functions of reducing the surface tension of molten drop metal and stabilizing electric arc, CO2Partial decomposition and CO + O may also occur during the welding process2The decomposed gas participates in the welding process. According to the inventors' experiments, CO2At 12% it is effective, whereas above 35%, the droplet transition pattern changes. Thus, the present invention converts CO2The volume fraction of (A) is limited to 12-35%.
O2The content is as follows: for the welding of galvanized sheets, a small amount of O2Is an innovative technique because of O2Can ensure the full combustion of the zinc steam. Albeit CO2There will be O during the welding process2However, there are two problems, namely, too little content and uncontrollable content. For the necessary zinc layer thickness, the corresponding O can therefore be used2The ratio is such as to ensure that the number of defects in the weld is minimized. In addition, O2The filling can ensure that the size of the molten drop is basically consistent with the diameter of the welding wire in the process of molten drop transition, thereby reducing splashing and defects. Therefore, the invention uses O2The volume fraction of (A) is limited to 1 to 5%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining specific examples.
The base material was cleaned with acetone before welding.
According to the corresponding proportion, adding O2、CO2And the Ar gas is uniformly mixed into the ternary mixed protective gas through a professional gas mixer. The ternary mixed type protective gas completely protects the welding line in the welding process until the welding is finished.
In the welding process, the stable and complete coverage of the weld joint position by the ternary mixed type protective gas is required to be ensured until the welding process is finished. If a fan is used in a welding field, windproof measures need to be taken for a welding seam area. The wind speed in the welding area can not exceed 1.5 m/s.
The thickness of the galvanized plate is set to be not less than 2.0mm because the galvanized plate is fillet welded and has no requirement of penetration.
Example 1
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 164A, the welding voltage is 17.5V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 5 degrees, the welding speed is 5mm/s, and the volume percentage of the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 2 percent of O212% CO2And all overAr (86%) is used, the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.0 mm.
Example 2
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 198A, the welding voltage is 19.2V, the dry elongation of the welding is 18mm, the welding angle is 8 degrees, the welding speed is 10mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4% of O in percentage by volume218% of CO2And the balance of Ar (78 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 21L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 275g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 3.0 mm.
Example 3
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 165A, the welding voltage is 17.1V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 5 degrees, the welding speed is 6mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 5 percent of O in volume percentage215% of CO2And the balance of Ar (80 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 15L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and zinc is coated on the carbon steel plateThe layer is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Example 4
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in consumable electrode gas shielded welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 185A, the welding voltage is 18.5V, the dry elongation of the welding is 20mm, the welding angle is 5 degrees, the welding speed is 7mm/s, and the volume percentage of the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 1 percent of O225% CO2And the balance of Ar (74 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow rate of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1.5m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 300g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.0 mm.
Example 5
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 200A, the welding voltage is 21V, the dry elongation of the welding is 17mm, the welding angle is 9 degrees, the welding speed is 8mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 3 percent of O in volume percentage235% of CO2And residual Ar (62 percent) to realize a ternary mixed type protective gas environment through ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 25L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 275g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 3.0 mm.
Example 6
Application of ternary mixed type protective gas in gas metal arc weldingWelding 2 base metals by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under the environment of ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein the welding wire adopts an ER50-6 solid welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angular joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 160A, the welding voltage is 17V, the dry elongation of the welding is 16mm, the welding angle is 6 degrees, the welding speed is 5mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 1 percent of O in percentage by volume212% CO2And the balance of Ar (87 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow rate of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Example 7
The application of a ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 195A, the welding voltage is 18.8V, the dry elongation of the welding is 18mm, the welding angle is 8 degrees, the welding speed is 9mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4 percent of O in volume percentage220% CO2And the balance of Ar (76 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 23L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1.5m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 300g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.0 mm.
Example 8
The application of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the right welding method is adopted, and the welding is carried out by adopting the gas metal arc welding method on the 2 base metalsThe butt joint mode is angle joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 182A, the welding voltage is 19.5V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 10 degrees, the welding speed is 10mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 5 percent of O in percentage by volume225% CO2And the balance of Ar (70 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 25L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 3.0 mm.
Example 9
The application of ternary mixed type shielding gas in consumable electrode gas shielded welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 176A, the welding voltage is 18.2V, the dry elongation of the welding is 18mm, the welding angle is 6 degrees, the welding speed is 8mm/s, and the volume percentage of the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 2 percent of O218% of CO2And the balance of Ar (80 percent), realizing a ternary mixed type protective gas environment by using ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 18L/min, wherein the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 275g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Example 10
The application of ternary mixed type shielding gas in gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as the welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is angular joint during welding, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 190A, the welding voltage is 20V, the dry elongation of the welding is 20mm, the welding angle is 5 degrees, the welding speed is 9mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is counted by volume percentage3% of O230% CO2And the balance of Ar (67 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 25L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 300g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.0 mm.
The ternary mixed type protective gas in the above examples 1 to 10 is O in percentage by volume2、CO2And Ar are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The welding parameters in examples 1 to 10 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Welding was performed according to the above examples, and the performance of the finished products obtained in each example was evaluated. The standard of performance evaluation refers to practical application, including weld appearance forming, weld internal and external welding defects.
After the welding of example 1 is completed, the welded joint is subjected to macroscopic topography observation (figure 1) and X-ray flaw detection (figure 4), and the welding seam obtained by adopting the ternary mixed type protective gas and the process parameters is full, good in forming, almost free of splashing and free of air hole defects.
After the welding of example 2 is completed, the welded joint is subjected to macroscopic topography observation (fig. 2) and X-ray flaw detection (fig. 5), and it is found that the welded joint obtained by using the ternary mixed type shielding gas and the process parameters is high in speed and good in forming. In addition, the mechanical properties meet the requirements.
After the welding of example 3 is completed, the welded joint is subjected to macroscopic topography observation (fig. 3) and X-ray flaw detection (fig. 6), and the welded joint obtained by adopting the ternary mixed type protective gas and the process parameters is full and well formed.
As can be seen from the above examples, at low O2Ratio, suitably CO2Under the condition of proportion, a proper welding wire and a proper welding process are selected, particularly welding current, voltage, speed and the like, so that a high-quality welding joint can be obtained.
Examples 4 to 10 can obtain the technical effects consistent with example 1. The obtained welding line has good forming and no defect, and the mechanical property can meet the requirement.
Comparative example 1
A welding method is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under a ternary mixed type shielding gas environment, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as a welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angular joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 200A, the welding voltage is 20V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 10mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 8% of O in percentage by volume220% CO2And the balance of Ar (72 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 15L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 300g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 1 without using the components in the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical scheme of the present invention and exceeding the welding angle defined in the technical scheme of the present invention, after the welding is completed, a macroscopic topography observation is performed on the welded joint (fig. 7), and it is found that the weld obtained in comparative example 1 is acceptable in formation, but has spatter and is relatively severe in oxidation, and is not suitable for the practical application process.
Comparative example 2
A welding method in a ternary mixed type protective gas environmentNext, 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method, wherein the welding wire adopts an ER50-6 solid welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angle joint, the welding is a CV mode, the welding current is 220A, the welding voltage is 21V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 12mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 15 percent of O in volume percentage230% CO2And the balance of Ar (55 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 2m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 2 without using the components of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical scheme of the present invention and the welding current and welding speed exceeding those defined in the technical scheme of the present invention, after the welding is completed, a macroscopic morphology observation (fig. 8) was performed on the welded joint obtained in comparative example 2, and it was found that the formation of the weld formed in comparative example 2 caused problems, and in addition, spatter was also generated, and the oxidation was more severe than in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3
A welding method is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under a ternary mixed type shielding gas environment, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as a welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angular joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 225A, the welding voltage is 22V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 15mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4% of O in percentage by volume225% CO2And the balance of Ar (71 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 3m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 600g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 3 adopts the components in the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical scheme of the invention, but exceeds the welding current, welding speed and welding voltage defined in the technical scheme of the invention, after the welding is finished, the macroscopic topography observation (figure 9) is carried out on the welded joint obtained in comparative example 3, the obtained welding seam is poor in forming and unavoidable in splashing is found, and the zinc vapor covers the surface after the welding, so that the practical application is greatly influenced.
Comparative example 4
A welding method is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under a ternary mixed type shielding gas environment, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as a welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angular joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 235A, the welding voltage is 24V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 25mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4% of O in percentage by volume212% CO2And the balance of Ar (86 percent), the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow speed of 25L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 2m/s, the base material is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 4 using the components of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical solution of the present invention, but exceeding the welding current, welding speed and welding voltage defined in the technical solution of the present invention, after the welding is completed, the macroscopic morphology observation (fig. 10a) and X-ray inspection (fig. 10b) found that the resulting weld was well formed with almost no spatter, but because the welding speed was fast, dense blowholes were found by the X-ray inspection.
Comparative example 5
A welding method is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method in a ternary mixed type shielding gas environment, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as a welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, and the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals is an angle during weldingThen, the welding is in CV mode, the welding current is 235A, the welding voltage is 24V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 25mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4 percent of O in percentage by volume218% of CO2And the balance of Ar (78 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 25L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 1.5m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 5 using the components in the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical scheme of the present invention, but exceeding the welding current, welding speed and welding voltage defined in the technical scheme of the present invention, after the welding is completed, a macroscopic topography observation (fig. 11) is performed on the welded joint, and it is found that the obtained weld is not well formed and cannot be applied in practical situations.
Comparative example 6
A welding method is characterized in that 2 base metals are welded by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method under a ternary mixed type shielding gas environment, wherein an ER50-6 solid welding wire is adopted as a welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding is a right-hand welding method, the butt joint mode of the 2 base metals during welding is angular joint, the welding is in a CV mode, the welding current is 250A, the welding voltage is 22V, the dry elongation of the welding is 15mm, the welding angle is 30 degrees, the welding speed is 30mm/s, and the ternary mixed type shielding gas is 4% of O in percentage by volume218% of CO2And the balance of Ar (78 percent), the ternary mixed protective gas environment is realized by the ternary mixed protective gas with the flow speed of 20L/min, the wind speed of the environment during welding is 2m/s, the parent metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250g/m2The thickness of the galvanized plate is 2.5 mm.
Comparative example 6 using the components in the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the technical scheme of the present invention, but exceeding the welding current, welding speed and welding voltage defined in the technical scheme of the present invention, after the welding is completed, a macroscopic topography observation (fig. 12) is performed on the welded joint, and it is found that the obtained weld joint is very poor in molding, and discontinuous surface pores are generated, resulting in that the weld joint cannot be applied.
The ternary mixed type shielding gas in comparative examples 1 to 6 is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| Ar | CO2 | O2 | |
| Comparative example 1 | 72％ | 20％ | 8％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 55％ | 30％ | 15％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 71％ | 25％ | 4％ |
| Comparative example 4 | 86％ | 12％ | 2％ |
| Comparative example 5 | 78％ | 18％ | 4％ |
| Comparative example 6 | 78％ | 18％ | 4％ |
The flow rates, welding currents, welding voltages, and welding speeds in comparative examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The application of the ternary mixed type shielding gas in the gas metal arc welding is characterized in that 2 parent metals are welded by adopting a gas metal arc welding method under the environment of the ternary mixed type shielding gas, wherein the ternary mixed type shielding gas comprises 1-5% of O in percentage by volume212 to 35% of CO2And the balance of Ar, wherein the base metal is a galvanized plate, the galvanized plate is a galvanized layer on a carbon steel plate, and the zinc layer on the carbon steel plate is 250-300 g/m2And the thickness of the galvanized plate is more than or equal to 2.0 mm.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the butt joint of the 2 base materials during welding is an angle joint.
3. The use of claim 1, wherein the welding is in CV mode, the welding current is 160-200A, and the welding voltage is 17-21V.
4. Use according to claim 1, wherein the weld has a dry elongation of 15 to 20mm and a weld angle of 5 to 10 °.
5. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the welding is a right-hand welding method.
6. The use according to claim 1, wherein the ternary mixed type protective gas environment is realized by ternary mixed type protective gas with the flow rate of 15-25L/min.
7. Use according to claim 1, characterised in that the ambient wind speed during welding is less than or equal to 1.5 m/s.
8. The use of claim 1, wherein the welding wire is ER50-6 solid wire.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0-1.2 mm.
10. Use according to claim 4, wherein the welding speed is 5-10 mm/s.
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