CN114453142B - Lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and process - Google Patents
Lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114453142B CN114453142B CN202210045014.XA CN202210045014A CN114453142B CN 114453142 B CN114453142 B CN 114453142B CN 202210045014 A CN202210045014 A CN 202210045014A CN 114453142 B CN114453142 B CN 114453142B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 12
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052949 galena Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001739 silver mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1L-O1-methyl-muco-inositol Natural products COC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-1-O-Methyl-muco-inositol Natural products CC12C(OC)(C)OC(C)(C)C2CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N D-pinitol Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNWNLRQYQRTOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[S--].[Zn++].[Zn++] Chemical compound [O--].[S--].[Zn++].[Zn++] SNWNLRQYQRTOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079101 sodium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940001482 sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940046307 sodium thioglycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052970 tennantite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052969 tetrahedrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 zinc metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001656 zinc mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/016—Macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and a process, wherein the carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-65 parts of a flotation agent, 12-23 parts of sugar, 2-5 parts of organic acid and 2-5 parts of vegetable dye. The carbon inhibitor has the functions of inhibiting minerals such as carbonaceous gangue, carbonate gangue and the like, and has obvious functions of inhibiting carbon and silver, stabilizing foam, inhibiting running grooves, eliminating drug removal and improving lead-zinc sorting effects. The invention effectively solves the influence of high carbon on lead zinc ore flotation, realizes the primary quality of lead zinc concentrate products, greatly improves the recovery rate of co-associated silver, and has remarkable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological environment benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mineral separation, in particular to a lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and a process.
Background
Lead and zinc are important nonferrous metals, which occupy an important place in the national economic development. At present, the extraction of lead metal and zinc metal mainly comes from lead zinc sulfide ores, and galena and zinc blende are main carrier minerals of lead and zinc metals. However, lead and zinc have common mineralization reasons and similar electronic structures, have the same hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties to a great extent, and are often close in symbiosis, difficult to completely dissociate, and lead and zinc are difficult to separate. Conventional lead zinc sulfide ores are generally treated by lead zinc preferential flotation, lead zinc mixed-preferential flotation, lead zinc floatable or branched flotation and other principle processes.
In mineral flotation, carbon has a very large impact on the stability of the lead flotation process and on the flotation index. The carbonaceous mineral has small density, low hardness and easy mud formation. The granular carbonaceous minerals are easily adsorbed on the surfaces of other minerals and are gangue minerals which are difficult to remove in lead selection. Analysis of carbon impact on lead flotation: the method comprises the steps of enabling carbonaceous minerals to float on the self, so that the carbon content of lead concentrate is increased; superfine carbonaceous mineralsIs easy to be adsorbed on the surfaces of other minerals, so that the minerals are polluted and float upwards. In flotation practice, both phenomena are combined, so that lead concentration and production of high-grade lead concentrate become quite difficult. The higher the carbon content, the greater the carbon to lead ratio, and the lower the grade and recovery of lead concentrate. The lead concentrate contains SiO as the carbon content increases 2 Gangue minerals composed of CaO, mgO and the like are also increased in content; fe. The content of sulfide impurities such as Zn increases, and the quality of lead concentrate is affected.
At present, two ways are often adopted to eliminate the influence of carbon on lead-zinc separation, one way is to remove carbon in advance and then carry out mineral flotation, so that the flotation index can be ensured to be relatively stable, but due to certain requirements on the dissociation degree of monomers, part of finely ground useful minerals are easy to lose in the decarburization process; the other is to inhibit carbon, lead and zinc flotation is directly carried out, and common carbon inhibitors are zinc sulfate, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium carbonate, sodium thioglycolate and the like, most of which are inorganic medicaments, the carbon inhibition effect is poor, and the dosage of the medicaments is large in the use process and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and a process thereof, which solve the problems of poor carbon inhibition effect, large use amount in the use process and high production cost of the carbon inhibitor in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-65 parts of a flotation agent, 12-23 parts of sugar, 2-5 parts of organic acid and 2-5 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
as an alternative of the present invention, the carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of a flotation agent, 16-20 parts of sugar, 3-5 parts of organic acid and 2-4 parts of vegetable dye.
As an alternative of the present invention, the carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of a flotation agent, 18 parts of sugar, 4 parts of an organic acid and 3 parts of a vegetable dye.
As an alternative to the present invention, the sugar includes starch, monosaccharides and poly-glucose.
Because of the low density and low hardness of the carbonaceous minerals, the carbonaceous minerals are easy to mud. The carbonaceous minerals are extremely fine and easy to float upwards and are extremely easy to be adsorbed on the surfaces of other gangue minerals, so that the gangue minerals are polluted and float upwards. The invention utilizes the principle of colloid chemistry, and the interaction of each component can generate flocculation effect on carbonaceous minerals, so that gangue minerals which are polluted by the carbonaceous substances and are easy to float can be effectively inhibited. The flotation agent plays a main role in inhibiting, the starch belongs to a high polymer, has a good flocculation effect, can agglomerate extremely fine and easily-floated carbonaceous cements, so that the extremely fine and easily-floated carbonaceous cements cannot float upwards, and the poly-glucose can increase the cementation viscosity of the carbonaceous minerals, so that the carbonaceous mineral cements are more firmly agglomerated, and the organic acid can provide an acidic environment to assist the flotation agent in strengthening the inhibition effect of carbon. The components of the invention are matched with each other, and the carbon removal effect is good.
On the other hand, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation process employing the carbon inhibitor described above, the flotation process comprising: grinding, lead flotation and zinc flotation to obtain lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and tailings, wherein the carbon inhibitor is added in the lead flotation process.
As an alternative scheme of the invention, the lead flotation comprises one roughing, five concentrating and three scavenging, wherein the five concentrating is lead concentrating I, lead concentrating II, lead concentrating III, lead concentrating IV and lead concentrating V respectively, and the lead concentrating III, the lead concentrating IV and the lead concentrating V are all added with carbon inhibitors.
As an alternative of the invention, the addition amount of the carbon inhibitor in the lead concentrate III, the lead concentrate IV and the lead concentrate V is 10-70g/t.
As an alternative scheme of the invention, the material which is ground into the particle size of not more than 0.074mm in the grinding process accounts for 65-80 percent.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and a process thereof, wherein the carbon inhibitor has the effects of inhibiting minerals such as carbonaceous gangue, carbonate gangue and the like, and has obvious effects of inhibiting carbon and silver extraction, stabilizing foam, inhibiting running grooves, eliminating drug removal and improving lead-zinc sorting effects. The invention effectively solves the influence of high carbon on lead zinc ore flotation, realizes the primary quality of lead zinc concentrate products, greatly improves the recovery rate of co-associated silver, and has remarkable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological environment benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an in-situ production process in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a pre-decarbonization process in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a carbon suppression process in one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of a flotation agent, 12 parts of sugar, 2 parts of organic acid and 2 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and poly-glucose, and the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
example 2
The embodiment provides a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of a flotation agent, 23 parts of sugar, 5 parts of organic acid and 5 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and poly-glucose, and the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
example 3
The embodiment provides a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of a flotation agent, 16 parts of sugar, 3 parts of organic acid and 2 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and poly-glucose, and the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
example 4
The embodiment provides a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of a flotation agent, 20 parts of sugar, 5 parts of organic acid and 4 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and poly-glucose, and the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
example 5
The embodiment provides a lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of a flotation agent, 18 parts of sugar, 4 parts of organic acid and 3 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and poly-glucose, and the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
。
because of the low density and low hardness of the carbonaceous minerals, the carbonaceous minerals are easy to mud. The carbonaceous minerals are extremely fine and easy to float upwards and are extremely easy to be adsorbed on the surfaces of other gangue minerals, so that the gangue minerals are polluted and float upwards. The invention utilizes the principle of colloid chemistry, and the interaction of each component can generate flocculation effect on carbonaceous minerals, so that gangue minerals which are polluted by the carbonaceous substances and are easy to float can be effectively inhibited. The flotation agent plays a main role in inhibiting, the starch belongs to a high polymer, has a good flocculation effect, can agglomerate extremely fine and easily-floated carbonaceous cements, so that the extremely fine and easily-floated carbonaceous cements cannot float upwards, and the poly-glucose can increase the cementation viscosity of the carbonaceous minerals, so that the carbonaceous mineral cements are more firmly agglomerated, and the organic acid can provide an acidic environment to assist the flotation agent in strengthening the inhibition effect of carbon. The components of the invention are matched with each other, and the carbon removal effect is good.
The carbon inhibitors of the present invention are further described below using experimental data.
The 1996 mill of some ore dressing plant in Shaanxi is built into production, 800t of ore is processed on the design day, 1200t of actual daily treatment capacity is processed on the actual day, and a potential regulation and control preferential flotation method is adopted, so that lead-zinc concentrate is the main product. As the middle section of mining moves down year by year, the grade of the raw ore to be selected is reduced, the carbon content is increased, and the lead concentration operation is enriched with a large amount of carbon, so that the grade of the ore concentrate is reduced, the carbon adsorbs the collector in the ore pulp, the chemical stripping phenomenon is caused, the flotation process is disturbed, the recovery rate is reduced, the grade of the lead ore concentrate is 58.50%, and the recovery rate is 86.63%.
The multi-element analysis results of the raw ore are shown in table 1, and the lead and zinc phase analysis results are shown in tables 2 and 3 respectively. As can be seen from the results of raw ore chemical analysis and lead and zinc phase analysis, the ore is a high-carbon low-sulfur, high-lead and low-mixed lead-zinc ore.
TABLE 1 Multi-element analysis results of ores (%)
| Element(s) | Pb | Zn | S | C Organic compound | C All-around | TFe | CO 2 | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Ag* | Au* |
| Content of | 1.02 | 4.17 | 5.69 | 0.36 | 5.51 | 9.95 | 20.3 | 28.9 | 14.86 | 2.49 | 10.5 | 0.31 |
Note that: ". Times." are g/t.
TABLE 2 lead phase analysis results (%)
| Phase difference | Lead oxide | Lead sulphide | Total lead |
| Content of | 0.16 | 0.82 | 0.98 |
| Occupancy rate | 19.57 | 80.43 | 100.00 |
TABLE 3 Zinc phase analysis results (%)
| Phase difference | Zinc oxide | Zinc sulfide | Total zinc |
| Content of | 0.31 | 3.84 | 4.15 |
| Occupancy rate | 6.60 | 93.40 | 100.00 |
The raw ore mainly comprises galena and sphalerite, and secondly comprises white lead ore, siderite, chalcopyrite and pyrite; the nonmetallic minerals are mainly quartz, carbonate (dolomite, calcite), carbonaceous materials, etc. Silver ore mainly exists in the forms of silvery ore, deep red silver ore, tennantite, natural silver and the like, and is mainly associated with lead minerals. The main structure of the ore is strip, micro-layer, block, net, lenticular, spot, etc. The structure is of the irregular embedded type of the lead-zinc mineral particles-micro-particles, such as other types of particles, self-shapes, semi-self shapes and the like.
Zinc blende: the distribution is the most extensive, the most amount, the single existence or the co-generation with galena are carried out in the shape of strip, block, invasion and star point, the semi-self-shape-other shape granular structure, the grain size is 0.03-5mm, the color is light brown yellow, brown, dark brown and black.
Galena: the distribution is wide, basically consistent with the distribution range of sphalerite, but is quite uneven. The aggregate is in the form of strip, spot and lump in the lead-zinc ore body, and the aggregate is in the form of irregular lump and dendrite in various kinds of changed rock bodies. Galena particles are coarser and 50mm maximum, generally 0.1-5mm, and semi-self-shaped.
Silver minerals: the fine silver minerals are mainly in the same phase in galena, are most closely related to lead, and are almost completely enriched in lead concentrate. The independent minerals of silver are very small, and mainly comprise natural silver containing copper, copper-containing silvery ore, silver tetrahedrite and the like.
Carbonaceous: mainly inorganic carbon, and secondly a small amount of graphite, wherein the carbon is mainly distributed among mineral particles in a scale shape.
The original production process of the concentrating mill adopts two series of lead-zinc sequential priority flotation processes, lead-zinc flotation is carried out in high alkaline ore pulp, lime is used as a medium regulator, the process comprises ore grinding (the material with granularity not more than 0.074mm accounts for about 72%), lead flotation and zinc flotation processes, and finally lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and tailings are obtained, the process flow is shown in figure 1, and the process flow is similar to the flotation process in the prior art, and the technical indexes are shown in table 4.
Table 4 technical index (%)
The carbon inhibitor in the example 5 is added in the lead flotation process of the original production process, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of flotation agent, 18 parts of sugar, 4 parts of organic acid and 3 parts of plant dye. The carbon inhibitor has the effects of inhibiting minerals such as carbonaceous gangue and carbonate gangue, has obvious effects of inhibiting carbon and extracting silver, stabilizing foam, inhibiting running grooves, eliminating drug removal and improving lead-zinc sorting effects, and can solve the problems of poor carbon inhibition effect, large use amount and high production cost of the carbon inhibitor in the prior art.
The lead flotation comprises one roughing, five-time concentration and three-time scavenging, wherein the five-time concentration is lead concentration I, lead concentration II, lead concentration III, lead concentration IV and lead concentration V respectively, carbon inhibitors are added in the lead concentration III, the lead concentration IV and the lead concentration V, the addition amount of the carbon inhibitors in the lead concentration III, the lead concentration IV and the lead concentration V is 10-70g/t relative to the raw ore, the addition amount of the carbon inhibitors in the lead concentration III, the lead concentration IV and the lead concentration V is the same, and the zinc flotation process is not changed. The invention develops the dosage test of the carbon inhibitor in the lead flotation operation, the total dosage of the carbon inhibitor is respectively 50g/t, 100g/t, 150g/t and 200g/t, and the test process flow is shown in figure 3.
The test result shows that with the increase of the dosage of the carbon inhibitor, the grade of the lead concentrate is obviously improved, the foam color of the refining operation is changed from black into lead gray, and when the dosage is 150g/t, the grade and the recovery rate of the lead concentrate are both in good level.
The scheme of pre-decarbonization is compared with the scheme of carbon inhibition of the invention, the pre-decarbonization uses the pine-needle oil, a collector is not added before lead flotation operation, and only a proper amount of pine-needle oil is added to float carbon, so that the accumulation of carbon in lead circulation is reduced. The test process flow is shown in FIG. 2, and the test results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 preliminary carbon removal results (%)
From the above test results, it can be seen that: the lead concentrate grade can be improved by adopting the pinitol oil flotation for removing carbon in advance, but the loss of lead and zinc metal is larger.
And (3) reason analysis: in high soda lime media, galena exhibits good floatability. In the process of removing carbon in advance by flotation, part of fine particles, easily-floated galena and zinc blende are necessarily introduced into a carbon product, so that the recovery rate of lead and zinc is affected.
Compared with the prior carbon removal and carbon inhibition test schemes, the scheme for inhibiting carbon is superior to the prior carbon removal scheme, so that the production practice is carried out by adopting the scheme for inhibiting carbon, the flotation technical index is continuous and good after 4 months of production operation, particularly the lead index is obviously improved, and specific production data are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 technical specification production data (%)
As can be seen from the production data, the grade of the lead concentrate is improved by 16.76%, the recovery rate is improved by 2.45%, and the silver content is improved by about 300g/t; the grade of zinc concentrate is improved by 2.84 percent, and the recovery rate is improved by 0.43 percent. The carbon inhibitor is proved to have good carbon inhibition effect and good recovery effect on co-associated silver.
Economic benefit analysis: the adoption of the carbon inhibitor for carbon inhibition flotation has considerable economic benefit: the method comprises the following steps of: the sales price is increased and the product shipping volume is reduced, and the income can be increased by about 156.50 ten thousand yuan per year; lead metal recovery rate improves: the metal quantity can be recovered more than 39.90 tons each year, and the income can be increased by about 59.85 ten thousand yuan each year; the recovery rate of the co-associated silver is improved: the silver content of the lead concentrate is increased by 300g/t, more than 900Kg of silver can be recovered each year, and the income can be increased by about 477 ten thousand yuan each year.
Cost: the dosage of the carbon inhibitor is 150g/t, 46.8 tons are consumed annually, and the annual cost is about 42.12 ten thousand yuan.
By combining the above, the economic benefit can be about 651.23 ten thousand yuan each year.
The invention has the following advantages:
compared with two schemes of preliminary carbon removal and carbon inhibition by flotation, the effect of carbon inhibition by flotation reaches a pre-period, and the carbon inhibitor is added in the flotation operation, so that the lead-zinc flotation process is not influenced, the original flotation process and a reagent system are not required to be changed, and the quality and the recovery rate of lead-zinc concentrate can be improved.
The carbon inhibitor has obvious effects of inhibiting carbon and extracting silver, stabilizing foam, inhibiting running grooves, eliminating drug removal and improving lead-zinc sorting effects.
According to the method, the carbon inhibition scheme is adopted in lead-zinc flotation, so that the influence of high carbon on lead-zinc ore flotation is effectively solved, the primary quality of lead-zinc concentrate products is realized, the recovery rate of co-associated silver is greatly improved, and the economic benefit, the social benefit and the ecological environment benefit are remarkable.
In conclusion, the lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and the process provided by the invention have the advantages, and compared with the existing flotation process, the lead-zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor and the process have the advantages of remarkable technical effects, are more practical and have higher value.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific examples, and embodiments which can be suggested to those skilled in the art without inventive effort according to the basic technical concept of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 35-65 parts of a flotation agent, 12-23 parts of sugar, 2-5 parts of organic acid and 2-5 parts of vegetable dye, wherein the structural formula of the flotation agent is as follows:
；
the sugar comprises starch, monosaccharide and polysaccharide.
2. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of a flotation agent, 16-20 parts of sugar, 3-5 parts of organic acid and 2-4 parts of vegetable dye.
3. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation carbon inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein the carbon inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of a flotation agent, 18 parts of sugar, 4 parts of an organic acid and 3 parts of a vegetable dye.
4. A lead zinc sulphide mineral flotation process employing a carbon inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the flotation process comprising: grinding, lead flotation and zinc flotation to obtain lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and tailings, wherein the carbon inhibitor is added in the lead flotation process.
5. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation process of claim 4, wherein the lead flotation includes one roughing, five beneficiations and three scavenging, the five beneficiations being lead beneficiation i, lead beneficiation ii, lead beneficiation iii, lead beneficiation iv and lead beneficiation v, respectively, each of which is added with a carbon inhibitor.
6. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation process of claim 5, wherein the carbon inhibitor addition amount in the lead concentrate iii, the lead concentrate iv and the lead concentrate v is 10-70g/t.
7. The lead zinc sulfide mineral flotation process according to claim 4, wherein the material which is ground in the grinding process to a particle size of not more than 0.074mm accounts for 65% -80%.
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