CN114452754B - Device and method for directionally crystallizing and purifying potassium chloride in cement kiln waste gas - Google Patents
Device and method for directionally crystallizing and purifying potassium chloride in cement kiln waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114452754B CN114452754B CN202210138224.3A CN202210138224A CN114452754B CN 114452754 B CN114452754 B CN 114452754B CN 202210138224 A CN202210138224 A CN 202210138224A CN 114452754 B CN114452754 B CN 114452754B
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 310
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007713 directional crystallization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019643 salty taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D7/00—Sublimation
- B01D7/02—Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The device comprises a gas-solid separator for gas-solid separation of the waste gas of the cement kiln and a directional crystallizer for directional crystallization of the separated gas containing potassium chloride; the gas-solid separator is sequentially divided into a gas discharge cover, a filter cylinder and a dust discharge seat from top to bottom, a first gas inlet for feeding waste gas of the cement kiln into the gas-solid separator is formed in the side wall of the filter cylinder, a first gas outlet for discharging filtered potassium chloride-containing gas is formed in the gas discharge cover, the first gas outlet is connected with a second gas inlet formed in the directional crystallizer along the tangential direction through a first gas pipe, a second gas pipe is further connected to the second gas inlet, and the second gas pipe is used for introducing gas flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer. The method is used for separating solid particles and gaseous substances in the waste gas of the cement kiln, directionally crystallizing and purifying the separated potassium chloride gas, and improving the utilization rate of potassium chloride resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cement kiln waste gas treatment, in particular to a device and a method for purifying potassium chloride by directional crystallization in cement kiln waste gas.
Background
A large amount of waste gas is generated in the production process of the cement kiln, the waste gas contains a certain amount of dust and gaseous substances, the dust in the waste gas is solid particles such as calcium oxide, and the solid particles are discharged into the air to pollute the air, so that the dust in the air exceeds the standard; the gaseous substance in the exhaust gas is potassium chloride, the melting point of which is 770 ℃, and the temperature of the exhaust gas of the cement kiln is generally 1100-1200 ℃, so that the potassium chloride exists in the exhaust gas of the cement kiln in a gaseous state.
Potassium chloride is an inorganic compound, and has the appearance like common salt, no odor and salty taste. The additive is commonly used for low sodium salt and mineral water. Potassium chloride is a commonly used electrolyte balance regulator in clinic, has definite clinical curative effect and is widely applied to various clinical departments. The method is used for purifying the potassium chloride in the waste gas of the cement kiln, so that on one hand, the discharge of the potassium chloride gas into the air is avoided, the environment is polluted, and on the other hand, the waste of the potassium chloride resource can be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for directionally crystallizing and purifying potassium chloride in cement kiln waste gas, which are used for separating solid particles and gaseous substances in the cement kiln waste gas, directionally crystallizing and purifying the separated potassium chloride gas and improving the utilization rate of potassium chloride resources.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following specific scheme: a device for purifying potassium chloride by directional crystallization in cement kiln waste gas comprises a gas-solid separator for carrying out gas-solid separation on the cement kiln waste gas and a directional crystallizer for carrying out directional crystallization on the separated potassium chloride-containing gas; the gas-solid separator is sequentially divided into a gas discharge cover, a filter cylinder and a dust discharge seat from top to bottom, a first gas inlet for feeding waste gas of a cement kiln into the gas-solid separator is formed in the side wall of the filter cylinder, a dust discharge channel for discharging filtered dust is formed in the dust discharge seat, a first gas outlet for discharging filtered potassium chloride-containing gas is formed in the gas discharge cover, the first gas outlet is connected with a second gas inlet formed in the directional crystallizer along the tangential direction through a first gas pipe, a second gas pipe is further connected to the second gas inlet, and the second gas pipe is used for introducing gas flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, dust-containing cavities and clean cavities which are concentrically distributed are alternately arranged in the filter cartridge along the radial direction, and the dust-containing cavities and the clean cavities are separated by a cylindrical filter screen; the upper part of the clean cavity is communicated with a first exhaust port formed in the exhaust cover, and the lower part of the clean cavity is provided with an end plate; the dust-containing cavity comprises a central dust-containing cavity formed by a central filter screen and an annular dust-containing cavity formed by surrounding adjacent filter screens, the upper part of the annular dust-containing cavity is sealed, and the lower part of the annular dust-containing cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the dust exhaust seat; the first air inlet is communicated with the dust-containing cavities, and air entering the dust-containing cavities passes through the filter screen and flows into the adjacent clean cavities.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the filter screen is formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of filter assemblies, each filter assembly comprises a frame, support plates arranged at intervals along the height direction of the frame and a plurality of layers of filter plates filled between adjacent support plates, each of the plurality of layers of filter plates comprises a filter plate body arranged along the height direction and a support bar arranged on the filter plate body, a filter channel for filtering dust-containing gas is formed between the adjacent filter plate body and the support bar, and the included angle between the air inlet end of each of the plurality of layers of filter plates and the horizontal plane is 30-60 ℃.
As a further optimization of the above technical scheme, the lower part of the clean cavity is provided with a support column for supporting the corresponding filter screen, and the interior of the support column is hollow to form a second dust discharging channel for discharging dust in the clean cavity.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the inner cavity of the directional crystallizer is a crystallization space for potassium chloride crystallization, a filter screen for separating potassium chloride crystals is arranged at the lower part of the directional crystallizer, one side of the filter screen is a finished product area for collecting potassium chloride crystal finished products, a discharge port is arranged in the finished product area, the other side of the filter screen is a filtering area for collecting potassium chloride particles, and the filtering area is provided with an air conveying system connected with a second air inlet.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the air delivery system comprises a second air delivery pipe and a second fan arranged on the second air delivery pipe, wherein the second air delivery pipe is connected with an air supplementing pipe to supplement air into the second air delivery pipe, the air inlet end of the second air delivery pipe is connected with a second air outlet arranged at the lower part of the directional crystallizer, and the air outlet end of the second air delivery pipe is connected with a second air inlet of the directional crystallizer so as to mix the collected potassium chloride particles into the air flow of the potassium chloride-containing gas.
As further optimization of the technical scheme, the directional crystallizer is provided with a second exhaust barrel, and the second exhaust barrel is connected with a second fan to pump gas and dust in the directional crystallizer.
A method for directionally crystallizing and purifying potassium chloride in the waste gas of cement kiln by utilizing the device for directionally crystallizing and purifying potassium chloride in the waste gas of cement kiln comprises a gas-solid separation stage and a directionally crystallizing stage, wherein in the gas-solid separation stage, the waste gas of cement kiln is filtered and separated to obtain a gas flow containing potassium chloride gas, and in the directionally crystallizing stage, the obtained gas flow containing potassium chloride gas is mixed and contacted with the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles, so that the potassium chloride particles are used as crystallization nuclei of the potassium chloride gas, and the potassium chloride gas is directionally crystallized and purified.
Further, the method comprises the following operation steps of 1) introducing cement kiln waste gas into a gas-solid separator, and filtering out gas flow containing potassium chloride gas through the gas-solid separator; 2) Introducing the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas into a directional crystallizer, and simultaneously introducing the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer, wherein the potassium chloride particles serve as crystallization nuclei in the directional crystallizer for the potassium chloride gas to be directionally crystallized into potassium chloride crystals; 3) The potassium chloride crystals with the diameter larger than the aperture of the filter screen in the directional crystallizer are separated by the filter screen and discharged and collected by the discharge port, and the potassium chloride particles with the diameter smaller than the aperture of the filter screen are conveyed to the second air inlet of the directional crystallizer along with the air flow and are mixed with the air flow containing the potassium chloride gas.
Further, the temperature of the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas is 1000-1200 ℃, the temperature of the gas flow containing the potassium chloride particles is 80-140 ℃, the temperature in the directional crystallizer is 400-500 ℃, and the gas flow containing the potassium chloride particles discharged from the directional crystallizer is mixed with air fed from the outside and then cooled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the gas-solid separator is used for gas-solid separation of the waste gas of the cement kiln, and the separated gas containing potassium chloride is crystallized and purified by the directional crystallizer, so that the pollution to the air caused by the direct placement of the waste gas of the cement kiln in the air is avoided, potassium chloride crystals are crystallized in the waste gas of the cement kiln, and the utilization rate of potassium chloride resources is improved.
2. The dust-containing cavities and the clean cavities are alternately arranged in the gas-solid separator, the dust-containing cavities and the clean cavities are separated by a cylindrical filter screen, the filter screen is composed of a plurality of layers of filter plates, and the included angle between the air inlet end of a filter channel on the filter screen and the horizontal plane is 30-60 ℃, so that dust in dust-containing gas is difficult to enter the filter channel, and the dust is filtered into the dust-containing cavities; the bending part arranged at the position of the filter plate body close to the air inlet end can increase the resistance of air and the resistance of part of dust entering the filter channel, and reduce the flow speed of the air and the part of dust, thereby preventing the dust from passing through the filter channel and further improving the filter effect.
3. And the gas flow containing potassium chloride gas and the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles are introduced into the directional crystallizer, the temperature of the gas flow containing potassium chloride gas is far higher than that of the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles, the potassium chloride particles are used as crystal nuclei after the potassium chloride particles are encountered by the potassium chloride gas, and crystals are attached to the potassium chloride particles, so that the potassium chloride in the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas is directionally purified.
4. The gas delivery system connected to the directional crystallizer cools the gas output by the directional crystallizer, and circularly conveys the potassium chloride particles smaller than the diameter of the filter screen in the directional crystallizer into the directional crystallizer along with the cooled gas, so as to provide a supercooling source for the high-temperature gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas introduced into the directional crystallizer, and the potassium chloride particles circularly entering the directional crystallizer are also used as crystal nuclei for potassium chloride crystallization again, thereby improving the utilization rate of the potassium chloride particles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a gas-solid separator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of a gas-solid separator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first air intake according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a filter assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a multi-layered filter plate in a filter assembly;
reference numerals: 1. the second exhaust pipe, 2, the cylinder part, 3, the conical part, 4, the expansion part, 5, the discharge port, 6, the filter screen, 7, the air supplementing pipe, 8, the second fan, 9, the second air conveying pipe, 10, the second air inlet, 11, the first air conveying pipe, 12, the first fan, 13, the first exhaust port, 14, the first exhaust pipe, 15, the first air inlet, 16, the exhaust cover, 17, the filter cartridge, 18, the dust exhaust seat, 19, the conical cavity, 20, the supporting block, 21, the backflushing gun, 22, the dust exhaust channel 2201, the first dust exhaust channel, 2202, the second dust exhaust channel, 23, the supporting column, 24, the filter screen, 25, the clean cavity, 26, the dust cavity, 2601, the central dust cavity, 2602, the annular dust cavity, 27, the filter assembly, 2701, the frame, 2702, the multilayer, 2702-1, the filter plate body, 2702-2, the supporting bar, 2702-3, the filter channel, 2703, the supporting plate, 28 and the baffle.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the invention relates to a potassium chloride directional crystallization purification device used in cement kiln waste gas, which comprises a gas-solid separator and a directional crystallizer, wherein the gas-solid separator is used for carrying out gas-solid separation on the cement kiln waste gas so as to filter out solid particles such as calcium oxide and the like contained in the cement kiln waste gas. The temperature of the waste gas of the cement kiln is generally 1100-1200 ℃, so that the potassium chloride exists in a gaseous state at the temperature of 1100-1200 ℃, the waste gas of the cement kiln after the solid particles are filtered contains potassium chloride gas, the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas is introduced into a directional crystallizer, the gas flow containing the potassium chloride particles is introduced into the directional crystallizer, and the potassium chloride particles are used as crystal nuclei of the potassium chloride gas in the directional crystallizer for crystallization of the potassium chloride gas, so that the directional crystallization and purification of the potassium chloride in the waste gas of the cement kiln are realized.
In order to avoid that when solid particles and potassium chloride gas are separated by a gas-solid separator, the temperature of waste gas of a cement kiln is reduced to cause potassium chloride to be separated out and mixed into the solid particles, a shell of the gas-solid separator is made of a fireproof heat-insulating material, the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas separated from the gas-solid separator is high-temperature gas flow, the temperature of the high-temperature gas flow is 1000-1200 ℃, the gas flow containing the potassium chloride particles introduced into a directional crystallizer is low-temperature gas flow, and the temperature of the low-temperature gas flow is 80-140 ℃.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the gas-solid separator is divided into a gas discharge cover 16, a filter cartridge 17 and a dust discharge seat 18 in this order from top to bottom, and the gas discharge cover 16, the filter cartridge 17 and the dust discharge seat 18 have cylindrical shapes with uniform diameters. The side wall of the filter cartridge 17 is provided with a first air inlet 15 for feeding waste gas of the cement kiln into the gas-solid separator, dust-containing cavities 26 and clean cavities 25 which are concentrically distributed are alternately arranged in the filter cartridge 17 along the radial direction, and the dust-containing cavities 26 and the clean cavities 25 are separated by a cylindrical filter screen 24.
The upper part of the clean cavity 25 is communicated with the first exhaust port 13 arranged on the exhaust cover 16, and the lower part of the clean cavity 25 is provided with an end plate (not shown in the figure); specifically, the upper portion of the clean chamber 25 is configured to be open and is communicated with the first exhaust port 13 formed in the exhaust cover 16 through an annular air passage, the annular air passage is disposed between the exhaust cover 16 and the filter cartridge 17, and a plurality of support blocks 20 are disposed in the annular air passage, and the support blocks 20 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper portion of the clean chamber 25. The lower part of the clean chamber 25 is provided with an end plate for preventing gas in the clean chamber 25 from flowing into the inner cavity of the dust exhaust seat 18 or gas in the inner cavity of the dust exhaust seat 18 from flowing into the clean chamber 25.
The dust chamber 26 includes a central dust chamber 2601 defined by a central filter screen 24 and an annular dust chamber 2602 defined by adjacent filter screens 24. As shown in fig. 3, the first gas inlet 15 is simultaneously communicated with a plurality of dust-containing cavities 26, and the gas entering the dust-containing cavities 26 passes through the filter screen 24 and then flows into the adjacent clean cavities 25. The first air inlet 15 is provided with a plurality of baffles 28, and the baffles 28 are used for guiding the cement kiln waste gas in the first air inlet 15 into the annular dust-containing cavity 2602 and the central dust-containing cavity 2601 along a tangential direction, and the cement kiln waste gas flows through the filter screen 24 in the dust-containing cavity 26 in a rotating way and then flows into the clean cavity 25.
The upper part of the annular dust-containing cavity 2602 is sealed, the lower part of the annular dust-containing cavity 2602 is communicated with the inner cavity of the dust-discharging seat 18, the inner cavity of the dust-discharging seat 18 is a conical cavity 19, the large-diameter end of the conical cavity 19 is upwards and connected with the inner side of the filter cartridge 17, and the small-diameter section of the conical cavity 19 is downwards arranged. The upper and lower parts of the central dust-containing chamber 2601 are both open, the upper part of the central dust-containing chamber 2601 is provided with the first exhaust funnel 14, and the lower part is communicated with the conical chamber 19. Part of the gas in the central dust-containing cavity 2601 is filtered by the innermost filter screen 24 and discharged to the adjacent clean cavity 25, and the other part is discharged from the gas-solid separator by the first exhaust funnel 14 after cyclone dust removal by the conical cavity 19.
The dust exhaust seat 18 is internally provided with a dust exhaust passage 22 for exhausting dust, namely solid particles filtered out from the waste gas of the cement kiln, and the dust exhaust passage 22 comprises a first dust exhaust passage 2201 for exhausting dust in the dust cavity 26 and a second dust exhaust passage 2202 for exhausting dust in the clean cavity 25. The first dust discharge channel 2201 is arranged at the small diameter end of the conical cavity 19 in the dust discharge seat 18, and dust filtered by the filter screen 24 and dust collected after cyclone dust removal of the conical cavity 19 are discharged by the first dust discharge channel 2201; since the clean gas filtered by the filter screen 24 inevitably contains a certain amount of dust, the second dust discharge channel 2202 is communicated with the lower end of the clean chamber 25, and the dust in the clean chamber 25 can be discharged through the second dust discharge channel 2202 after sinking due to gravity, and the number of the second dust discharge channels 2202 is multiple and is vertically arranged in the dust discharge seat 18.
The lower part of filter screen 24 is provided with the support column 23 that is used for supporting filter screen 24, and support column 23 sets up along filter screen 24 circumference interval, and the diameter of support column 23 is greater than the width of clean chamber 25 so that support column 23 can support the filter screen 24 of clean chamber 25 both sides simultaneously, and the inside of support column 23 is provided with the cylindricality cavity, the cylindricality cavity is the second dust discharging passageway 2202 that is used for discharging clean intracavity 25 dust promptly.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the filter screen 24 is formed by arranging a plurality of filter assemblies 27 in the circumferential direction, and each filter assembly 27 includes a frame 2701, support plates 2703 disposed at intervals along the height direction of the frame 2701, and a plurality of filter plates 2702 disposed between the adjacent support plates 2703, the height of the plurality of filter plates 2702 being identical to the pitch between the upper and lower adjacent support plates 2703 so as to prevent dust-laden gas from flowing out through gaps between the plurality of filter plates 2702 and the adjacent support plates 2703 without being filtered. The multi-layered filter plate 2702 includes a filter plate body 2702-1 arranged in a height direction and support bars 2702-2 provided on a lower surface of the filter plate body 2702-1, two support bars 2702-2 are provided on a lower surface of each filter plate body 2702-1 at intervals, and slit-type filter passages 2702-3 for filtering dust-laden gas are formed between the support bars 2702-2 and the adjacent filter plate bodies 2702-1. Since the filter screen 24 is ring-shaped, the filter screen 24 and the corresponding frame 2701 may be provided in a fan shape in order to facilitate assembly of the filter screen 24.
The air inlet end of the multi-layer filter plate 2702 has an included angle of 30-60 ℃ with the horizontal plane, and the included angle of the support plate 2703 with the horizontal plane is consistent with the included angle of the multi-layer filter plate 2702 with the horizontal plane.
Dust is solid particles, the specific gravity of the dust is larger than that of gas, the larger the mass is, the larger the inertia is, according to the law of conservation of angular momentum, the momentum of the dust in dust-containing gas is far larger than that of the gas, so that the gas easily changes direction in the rotation process of the dust-containing cavity 26 and passes through the filtering channel 2702-3 from the air inlet end of the multi-layer filtering plate 2702 to enter the adjacent clean cavity 25, the dust in the gas is not easily changed to enter the filtering channel 2702-3, the rotating dust contacts with the inner wall of the conical cavity 19 of the multi-layer filtering plate 2702 or the dust discharging seat 18, and the radial inertia force is lost to fall down by downward momentum and downward gravity to enter the first dust discharging channel 2201. The height of the filtering passage 2702-3 is 0.5mm in the invention, so that dust particles with the particle size larger than 0.5mm cannot pass through the filtering passage 2702-3 and are difficult to enter the filtering passage 2702-3 because the dust particles with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm are difficult to change direction in the rotating process of the dust-containing cavity 26, and most dust in the waste gas of the cement kiln can be filtered by the multi-layer filter plate 2702.
The filter plate body 2702-1 may also be provided with a bend near the inlet end to form a curved filter passage 2702-3 for increasing the resistance of the dusty gas stream within the filter passage 2702-3. Even if some dust in the dust-containing gas enters the filter passage 2702-3, the gas speed is reduced due to the blocking of the bent section in the filter passage 2702-3, and the moving direction needs to be changed again, so that the gas can still pass through the filter passage 2702-3, but the dust is difficult to pass through the filter passage 2702-3 continuously and is trapped at the bent section, and the filtering effect is further improved. By the above structural design of the multi-layer filter plate 2702, dust having a particle diameter of generally more than 0.1mm can be filtered out by the multi-layer filter plate 2702.
As the filtering operation continues, a certain amount of dust is accumulated in the filter screen 24 and the clean chamber 25, which affects the filtering effect. For this purpose, the exhaust cover 16 is provided with a recoil gun 21, the recoil gun 21 is communicated with the clean cavity 25, and high-pressure gas can be introduced into the clean cavity 25 through the recoil gun 21 to blow dust stored in the clean cavity 25 into the second dust discharge channel 2202 to be discharged out of the clean cavity 25; meanwhile, dust attached to the filter screen 24 is reversely blown out to the dust-containing cavity 26 by high-pressure gas in the clean cavity 25 and falls into the first dust discharge channel 2201 through the dust-containing cavity 26, so that the filter screen 24 is prevented from being blocked to influence the filtering effect.
As shown in fig. 1, a first exhaust port 13 arranged on the gas-solid separator is connected with a second air inlet 10 on the directional crystallizer through a first air pipe 11, and a first fan 12 for conveying high-temperature air flow is arranged on the first air pipe 11. The directional crystallizer is sequentially divided into a cylinder part 2, a conical part 3 and an expanding part 4 from top to bottom, an exhaust barrel which is coaxially distributed with the cylinder part 2 is arranged in the cylinder part 2, an upper opening of the exhaust barrel extends out of the reactor, and the top of the cylinder part 2 is in sealing connection with the exhaust barrel.
The second air inlet 10 is tangentially arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical part 2 of the directional crystallizer, the high-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride gas separated by the gas-solid separator enters the directional crystallizer through the second air inlet 10, the second air inlet 10 is connected with a second air pipe 9, and the second air pipe 9 is used for conveying the low-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride particles into the reactor.
The expansion part 4 of the directional crystallizer is cone-shaped, the small end of the expansion part is connected with the small end of the cone part 3, and the large end of the cone part 3 is connected with the cylinder part 2. The filter screen 6 is arranged in the expansion part 4, the filter screen 6 is obliquely arranged in the expansion part 4, the mesh diameter of the filter screen 6 is 2.0mm, the filter screen 6 is used for separating potassium chloride crystal finished products and potassium chloride particles with smaller sizes, and the obliquely arranged filter screen 6 can also promote the potassium chloride crystal finished products to slide downwards along the filter screen 6 under the action of gravity so as to be convenient for centralized collection. A finished product area for containing the finished potassium chloride crystal product is formed obliquely above the filter screen 6, and the lowest end of the finished product area is provided with a discharge port 5, and the discharge port 5 is used for discharging the finished potassium chloride crystal product; the filter area containing potassium chloride particles is arranged obliquely below the filter screen 6, and the filter area is connected with an air delivery system arranged outside the directional crystallizer. The air delivery system comprises a second air delivery pipe 9 and a second fan 8 arranged on the second air delivery pipe 9, wherein the second fan 8 is a Roots blower. The filtering area is provided with a second exhaust port, the air inlet end of a second air pipe 9 is connected to the second exhaust port, an air supplementing pipe 7 is further connected to the second air pipe 9, the air supplementing pipe 7 is used for supplementing air into the second air pipe 9, the air in the expanding part 4 and potassium chloride particles with the particle size smaller than that of the filter screen 6 are sent into the second air pipe 9 under the action of a second fan 8, the air in the second air pipe 9 and the potassium chloride particles are cooled through the air supplemented into the second air pipe 9, and the air in the potassium chloride particles and the second air pipe 9 is sent into the directional crystallizer through a second air inlet 10 again to participate in the crystallization of the potassium chloride gas in the next cycle. In the process, the temperature of the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles can be adjusted to 80-140 ℃ by controlling the amount of the fed air so as to meet the requirement of potassium chloride gas crystallization.
When the air flow of the potassium chloride particles contained in the second air delivery pipe 9 is insufficient, the air flow of the potassium chloride particles can be supplemented from the outside through the second air inlet 10. It should be noted that the "potassium chloride particles" in the present invention include potassium chloride supplemented from the outside and potassium chloride crystals having a smaller size than the mesh of the filter screen 6, which are filtered in the directional crystallizer.
The inner side of the side wall of the directional crystallizer is made of ceramic materials so as to prevent the crystallized potassium chloride crystals from adhering to the inner wall of the directional crystallizer.
Since small-particle-size calcium oxide having a particle size of 0.1mm or less is not easily separated when the cement kiln exhaust gas is treated, small-particle-size calcium oxide having a particle size of 0.1mm or less may be mixed in the gas flow of the potassium chloride-containing gas. In order to separate the small-particle-size calcium oxide from the directional crystallizer, a dust removing fan (not shown in the figure) is further connected to the upper opening of the second exhaust funnel 1, and the dust removing fan is used for sucking gas in the directional crystallizer by controlling the suction power of the dust removing fan, so that part of the gas in the directional crystallizer and the small-particle-size calcium oxide are sucked away.
The conical part 3 of the directional crystallizer can collect the crystallized potassium chloride crystals to the bottom of the directional crystallizer, and on the other hand, when the rotational flow formed after entering from the second air inlet 10 in the directional crystallizer reaches the conical part 3, the rotational flow starts to spirally flow from bottom to top from the conical part 3 of the directional crystallizer after reaching the conical part 3 due to shrinkage of the conical part 3, and the air flow in the directional crystallizer flows upwards, so that the dust removal fan can conveniently pump the air to the outside of the directional crystallizer.
The method comprises a gas-solid separation stage and a directional crystallization stage, wherein in the gas-solid separation stage, the cement kiln waste gas is filtered and separated to obtain a gas flow containing potassium chloride gas, and in the directional crystallization stage, the obtained gas flow containing potassium chloride gas and the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles are mixed and contacted, so that the potassium chloride particles are used as crystallization nuclei of the potassium chloride gas, and the potassium chloride gas is subjected to directional crystallization purification.
Specifically, the directional crystallization purification method comprises the following steps:
1) The cement kiln waste gas is introduced into the gas-solid separator through the first air inlet 15, and the high-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride gas is filtered out through the gas-solid separator, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature air flow is 1000-1200 ℃.
2) Introducing a high-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride gas into a directional crystallizer through a second air inlet 10, simultaneously introducing a low-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer, adjusting the ratio of the high-temperature air flow and the low-temperature air flow introduced into the directional crystallizer to ensure that the temperature in the directional crystallizer is 400-500 ℃, and taking the potassium chloride particles as crystallization nuclei to directionally crystallize the potassium chloride gas into potassium chloride crystals in the directional crystallizer;
3) Potassium chloride crystals with the particle size larger than the pore diameter of a filter screen 6 in the directional crystallizer are separated by the filter screen 6 and discharged and collected by a discharge port, potassium chloride particles with the particle size smaller than the pore diameter of the filter screen 6 are discharged along with the air flow in the directional crystallizer by an air conveying system, the output air flow is cooled under the combined action of a second fan 8 and an air supplementing pipe 7 on the air conveying system to form low-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride particles, and the potassium chloride particles are circularly conveyed to a second air inlet 10 of the directional crystallizer along with the low-temperature air flow and are mixed with the high-temperature air flow containing potassium chloride gas in the directional crystallizer, so that the cyclic directional crystallization purification of potassium chloride is completed.
Claims (8)
1. The device for directionally crystallizing and purifying the potassium chloride in the waste gas of the cement kiln is characterized by comprising a gas-solid separator for separating gas and solid of the waste gas of the cement kiln and a directional crystallizer for directionally crystallizing the separated gas containing the potassium chloride; the gas-solid separator is sequentially divided into an exhaust cover (16), a filter cylinder (17) and a dust exhaust seat (18) from top to bottom, a first air inlet (15) for feeding waste gas of a cement kiln into the gas-solid separator is formed in the side wall of the filter cylinder (17), a dust exhaust channel (22) for exhausting filtered dust is formed in the dust exhaust seat (18), a first air outlet (13) for exhausting filtered potassium chloride-containing gas is formed in the exhaust cover (16), the first air outlet (13) is connected with a second air inlet (10) formed in the directional crystallizer in a tangential direction through a first air pipe (11), the second air inlet (10) is further connected with a second air pipe (9), the second air pipe (9) is used for feeding air flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer, dust-containing cavities (26) and clean cavities (25) which are concentrically distributed are alternately arranged in the filter cylinder (17) in a radial direction, and the dust-containing cavities (26) and the clean cavities (25) are separated by cylindrical filter screens (24); the upper part of the clean cavity (25) is communicated with a first exhaust port (13) arranged on the exhaust cover (16), and the lower part of the clean cavity (25) is provided with an end plate; the dust-containing cavity (26) comprises a central dust-containing cavity (2601) formed by a central filter screen (24) and an annular dust-containing cavity (2602) surrounded by adjacent filter screens (24), the upper part of the annular dust-containing cavity (2602) is sealed, and the lower part of the annular dust-containing cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the dust-discharging seat (18); the first air inlet (15) is communicated with a plurality of dust-containing cavities (26), and air entering the dust-containing cavities (26) passes through the filter screen (24) and flows into the adjacent clean cavities (25);
the filter screen (24) is formed by a plurality of filter components (27) circumference ranges, every filter component (27) all includes frame (2701), backup pad (2703) that follow the interval of frame (2701) direction of height set up and pack multi-layer filter (2702) between adjacent backup pad (2703), multi-layer filter (2702) are including filter body (2702-1) that follow the direction of height set up and support bar (2702-2) that set up on filter body (2702-1) to form filter passageway (2702-3) that are used for filtering dust gas between adjacent filter body (2702-1) and support bar (2702-2), the contained angle of inlet end and horizontal plane of multi-layer filter (2702) is 30~60 ℃.
2. A device for the purification of potassium chloride directional crystallization in cement kiln exhaust gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the clean chamber (25) is provided with support columns (23) for supporting the corresponding filter screen (24), the inside of the support columns (23) being hollow to form a second dust discharge channel (2202) for discharging dust in the clean chamber (25).
3. The device for directional crystallization and purification of potassium chloride in cement kiln waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cavity of the directional crystallizer is a crystallization space for potassium chloride crystallization, a filter screen (6) for separating potassium chloride crystals is arranged at the lower part of the directional crystallizer, one side of the filter screen (6) is a finished product area for collecting finished potassium chloride crystals, a discharge port (5) is arranged in the finished product area, the other side of the filter screen (6) is a filtering area for collecting potassium chloride particles, and the filtering area is provided with an air conveying system connected with a second air inlet (10).
4. A device for the directional crystallization purification of potassium chloride in cement kiln exhaust gas according to claim 3, characterized in that the air supply system comprises a second air supply pipe (9) and a second fan (8) arranged on the second air supply pipe (9), the second air supply pipe (9) is connected with an air supplementing pipe (7) to supplement air into the second air supply pipe (9), the air inlet end of the second air supply pipe (9) is connected with a second air outlet arranged at the lower part of the directional crystallizer, and the air outlet end of the second air supply pipe (9) is connected with a second air inlet (10) of the directional crystallizer to mix collected potassium chloride particles into the air flow containing potassium chloride gas.
5. A device for the purification of potassium chloride directional crystallization in cement kiln exhaust gas according to claim 3, characterized in that the directional crystallizer is provided with a second exhaust pipe (1), and the second exhaust pipe (1) is connected with a dust removing fan to pump the gas and dust in the directional crystallizer.
6. A method for purifying potassium chloride by directional crystallization in cement kiln waste gas by using the device for purifying potassium chloride by directional crystallization in cement kiln waste gas according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the method comprises a gas-solid separation stage and a directional crystallization stage, wherein in the gas-solid separation stage, waste gas of a cement kiln is filtered and separated to obtain a gas flow containing potassium chloride gas, and in the directional crystallization stage, the obtained gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas is mixed and contacted with the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles, so that the potassium chloride particles are used as crystallization nuclei of the potassium chloride gas, and the potassium chloride gas is subjected to directional crystallization and purification.
7. The method for purifying the potassium chloride by the directional crystallization in the waste gas of the cement kiln according to claim 6, which comprises the following operation steps,
1) Introducing cement kiln waste gas into the gas-solid separator, and filtering out gas flow containing potassium chloride gas through the gas-solid separator;
2) Introducing the gas flow containing the potassium chloride gas into a directional crystallizer, and simultaneously introducing the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles into the directional crystallizer, wherein the potassium chloride particles serve as crystallization nuclei in the directional crystallizer for the potassium chloride gas to be directionally crystallized into potassium chloride crystals;
3) Potassium chloride crystals with the diameter larger than the aperture of a filter screen (6) in the directional crystallizer are separated by the filter screen (6) and discharged and collected by a discharge port (5), and potassium chloride particles with the diameter smaller than the aperture of the filter screen (6) are conveyed to a second air inlet (10) of the directional crystallizer along with the air flow and are mixed with the air flow containing the potassium chloride gas.
8. The method for directional crystallization purification of potassium chloride in cement kiln waste gas according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the gas flow containing potassium chloride is 1000-1200 ℃, the temperature of the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles is 80-140 ℃, the temperature in the directional crystallizer is 400-500 ℃, and the gas flow containing potassium chloride particles discharged from the directional crystallizer is mixed with air fed from the outside and then cooled.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0223873A1 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-03 | Henry Borow | Dust separator |
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| CN214552038U (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-11-02 | 山东金盛新材料科技有限公司 | Three-monomer drying and recycling device |
| CN113975919B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-03-28 | 武汉悟拓科技有限公司 | Dry-method chlorine component recovery process based on synergistic treatment of chlorine-containing solid wastes by cement kiln |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0223873A1 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-03 | Henry Borow | Dust separator |
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