CN114448161B - High-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with axial vibration isolation function - Google Patents
High-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with axial vibration isolation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114448161B CN114448161B CN202210098929.7A CN202210098929A CN114448161B CN 114448161 B CN114448161 B CN 114448161B CN 202210098929 A CN202210098929 A CN 202210098929A CN 114448161 B CN114448161 B CN 114448161B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
- H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with an axial vibration isolation function, which comprises a composite magnetic suspension bearing system, a flywheel rotor system, an electromagnetic shunt damper and a motor, wherein the composite magnetic suspension bearing system is arranged on the flywheel rotor system; the composite magnetic suspension bearing system is used for providing suspension force and rigidity for the flywheel rotor system and accessories on the flywheel shaft of the flywheel rotor system and ensuring stable suspension of the flywheel rotor system; under the stable suspension condition, the flywheel rotor system operates under the drive of the motor, and axial vibration is generated when the flywheel rotor system operates, and the electromagnetic shunt damper blocks the axial movement of the flywheel and reduces the axial vibration of the flywheel. And vibration isolation is carried out on the axial vibration of the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel. The invention can carry out vibration isolation on the axial vibration of the flywheel in a suspension state without mechanical contact of the flywheel. The method has the advantages of non-contact, high efficiency, quick response and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with an axial vibration isolation function, and belongs to the field of flywheel energy storage.
Background
Novel energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation have natural fluctuation characteristics, and the fluctuation of the novel energy sources is contradictory to the randomness and the brevity of the electric load of a user side. With the large-scale development and utilization of new energy in recent years, the contradiction between power supply and demand is further highlighted. In order to reduce the natural fluctuation influence of the new energy source and enable the new energy source to adapt to a user side, the power supply has the adjusting capability and the grid-connected performance of a conventional power supply, and an advanced energy storage technology with large capacity, quick response, high efficiency and low cost is required to be introduced. At present, large-scale electric energy storage mainly uses pumping energy storage, and various new energy storage technologies under development have good application prospects, such as flywheel energy storage, supercapacitor energy storage, superconducting magnetic energy storage, compressed air energy storage, lithium ion battery, flow battery, sodium-sulfur battery energy storage and the like. Compared with other energy storage technologies, the flywheel energy storage has the advantages of large specific capacity, high response speed, high energy conversion efficiency, safety, no pollution and the like.
The key component bearings of the flywheel energy storage system can be divided into two main types, namely a contact type mechanical bearing and a non-contact type magnetic suspension bearing. The traditional ball bearings, sliding bearings and oil film bearings have mechanical contact, so that the ball bearings, sliding bearings and oil film bearings have the defects of mechanical abrasion, high energy consumption, large noise, short service life, oil pollution and the like. The magnetic suspension bearing is a novel high-performance non-contact supporting bearing which does not have mechanical contact during operation and realizes rotor suspension by using permanent magnets, superconductors or energized coils. The magnetic suspension bearing has the advantages of avoiding frictional wear between objects, prolonging the service life of equipment, improving the running condition of the equipment, having high rotating speed and low power consumption, and the like.
The magnetic suspension bearing is distinguished by the working principle and can be divided into three forms of active form, passive form and mixed form. The electromagnetic force for realizing rotor space suspension of the active magnetic suspension bearing is provided by supplying current to a bearing coil, the stability of the rotor is controlled by changing the current, and the active magnetic suspension bearing can be divided into a current control type and a voltage control type according to the difference of control modes. The electromagnetic force of the passive magnetic suspension bearing for suspending the rotor is provided by a permanent magnet or a superconductor, and compared with the passive magnetic suspension bearing for suspending the rotor by using a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet or the superconductor, the passive magnetic suspension bearing for suspending the rotor omits an active electronic control system, reduces the volume and the power consumption of the passive magnetic suspension bearing, and has a simple mechanical structure. The hybrid magnetic suspension bearing comprises an active electromagnet and a passive permanent magnet or superconductor in the structure, wherein the electromagnet generates a magnetic field to control the balance of the bearing, and the bias magnetic field is only generated by the permanent magnet or superconductor. In addition, the magnetic suspension bearings can be classified into radial type, axial type and radial and axial combined type according to the difference of the supporting forms. The stator and the rotor of the radial superconducting bearing adopt a surrounding arrangement mode with a main shaft as a central shaft, the rotor adopts a lamination mode, soft iron materials are adopted between layers to gather magnetism, the superconducting stator also adopts a multilayer arrangement mode, each layer is spliced into a circular ring by a plurality of superconducting blocks, and the circular ring is encapsulated by a good cold conducting material so as to play roles in conducting cooling and protecting. The axial high-temperature superconductive bearing features that the stator and the rotor are made into disc shape or disc shape, the two are parallel and the geometric axes are coincident, the superconductive stator is set inside the low-temperature Dewar, and the permanent magnet rotor is connected to the shaft.
The high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing contains high-temperature superconductive material, and its levitation force is related to the position, speed and history displacement of permanent magnet. Firstly, due to the integral manufacturing process problem of the flywheel, the eccentricity of the flywheel main shaft is unavoidable when the flywheel runs. Secondly, due to the problem of magnetizing equipment, the problem that the magnetization center of the permanent magnet and the rotation center of the flywheel are not completely overlapped occurs. And finally, when the flywheel is in overall operation, axial vibration is generated due to the fact that the permanent magnet is eccentric, and the levitation force of the flywheel system is changed. The flywheel axial vibration causes the position change of the motor rotor relative to the stator, so that the performance of the motor is reduced. In order to weaken the axial vibration of the flywheel, a vibration isolation device for non-contact high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation axial vibration of the flywheel needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation flywheel with an axial vibration isolation function, which is used for isolating axial vibration of the high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation flywheel. The invention can carry out vibration isolation on the axial vibration of the flywheel in a suspension state without mechanical contact of the flywheel. The method has the advantages of non-contact, high efficiency, quick response and the like.
In order to achieve the technical characteristics, the aim of the invention is realized in the following way: a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with axial vibration isolation function comprises a composite magnetic suspension bearing system, a flywheel rotor system, an electromagnetic shunt damper and a motor;
the composite magnetic suspension bearing system is used for providing suspension force and rigidity for the flywheel rotor system and accessories on the flywheel shaft of the flywheel rotor system and ensuring stable suspension of the flywheel rotor system;
under the stable suspension condition, the flywheel rotor system operates under the drive of the motor, and axial vibration is generated when the flywheel rotor system operates, and the electromagnetic shunt damper blocks the axial movement of the flywheel and reduces the axial vibration of the flywheel.
The flywheel rotor system comprises a flywheel base, a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket is fixed at the top of the flywheel base, a flywheel shaft is vertically arranged between the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel brackets, and the top end of the flywheel shaft is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the motor through a coupling; the flywheel shaft is provided with a flywheel; the motor is fixed at the top of the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket.
The electromagnetic shunt damper comprises an axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixed on the flywheel shaft, an electromagnetic damper coil fixed on the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket and an external circuit;
in the flywheel axial vibration state, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet axially vibrates along with the flywheel rotor system, so that the magnetic flux in the electromagnetic damper coil changes to generate electric potential, and the external circuit consumes the energy of flywheel vibration to attenuate the flywheel vibration.
The external circuit comprises a resistor and a capacitor; the resistor, the capacitor and the electromagnetic damper coil form an RLC resonant circuit together, and the quality factor of the RLC resonant circuit is Q; when the external vibration frequency is similar to the natural frequency of the resonant circuit, compared with the current I in the RL circuit, the current through the resistor in the RLC resonant circuit is Q.I, and the resistance energy consumption is increased to Q 2 Multiple times.
The composite magnetic suspension bearing system comprises two groups of high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearings and a permanent magnetic axial bearing.
The high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing comprises a radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array, a permanent magnet pad, a low Wen Baobi Dewar fixed on a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket and a high-temperature superconductive block arranged in the low Wen Baobi Dewar, which are arranged on the flywheel rotor bearing.
The specific installation mode of the high-temperature superconducting block in the low Wen Baobi Dewar is as follows:
the high-temperature superconductive blocks are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular low Wen Baobi Dewar;
the C-axis of the high temperature superconducting block is oriented toward the lower Wen Baobi Dewar centerline.
The top of the low Wen Baobi Dewar is provided with a liquid nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen Dewar air outlet, and a Dewar vacuum chamber is filled with liquid nitrogen; in the cooling process, the horizontal symmetry axis of the radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array and the C axis of the high-temperature superconducting block are in the same plane; when cooling is completed, the radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array slowly descends until stable suspension is achieved.
The two high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearings are utilized to provide suspension force and rigidity of the flywheel for the rotor, and stability of the flywheel is guaranteed.
The permanent magnet axial bearing comprises an upper permanent magnet axial bearing permanent magnet on the flywheel rotor bearing and a lower permanent magnet axial bearing permanent magnet fixed on the flywheel base, and is used for improving the bearing capacity of the superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flywheel rotor system and the accessories arranged on the flywheel shaft are not mechanically connected with the flywheel stator shell, so that the mechanical loss and fatigue damage can be effectively reduced.
2. The invention can effectively utilize the number of turns of the coil and improve the utilization rate of the coil.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature superconductive magnetic levitation flywheel and vibration isolation device for axial vibration of the flywheel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a high temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shunt damper.
In the figure: 1. a motor; 2. a coupling; 3. high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing; 4. a screw locking retainer ring; 5. a flywheel; 6. axially magnetizing the permanent magnet; 7. an electromagnetic damper coil; 8. flywheel shaft; 9. permanent magnet of upper permanent magnet axial bearing; 10. a permanent magnet of the lower permanent magnet axial bearing; 11. a flywheel base; 12. high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket; 13. a liquid nitrogen Dewar gas outlet hole; 14. a liquid nitrogen inlet; 15. a nitrogen outlet; 16. a dewar vacuum chamber; 17. a permanent magnet spacer; 18. a high temperature superconducting block; 19. a radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array; 20 permanent magnet fastening nuts; 21. a capacitor; 22. and (3) resistance.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-4, a high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation flywheel with axial vibration isolation function comprises a composite magnetic levitation bearing system, a flywheel rotor system, an electromagnetic shunt damper and a motor 1; the composite magnetic suspension bearing system is used for providing suspension force and rigidity for the flywheel rotor system and accessories on the flywheel shaft 8 thereof and ensuring stable suspension of the flywheel rotor system; under the stable suspension condition, the flywheel rotor system operates under the drive of the motor 1, and axial vibration is generated when the flywheel rotor system operates, and the electromagnetic shunt damper blocks the axial movement of the flywheel 5 and reduces the axial vibration of the flywheel 5. In the specific working process, the composite magnetic suspension bearing system consists of an upper high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing, a lower high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing and a permanent magnet axial bearing arranged on a flywheel bracket. The high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing is used for providing suspension force and rigidity in the running process of the flywheel and ensuring the running stability of the flywheel. The permanent magnet axial bearing is used for improving the bearing capacity of the high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing. The flywheel rotor system converts external energy into mechanical energy of the rotor system through the motor. The motor is used to convert the kinetic energy of the rotor into electrical energy. The electromagnetic shunt damper is used for providing damping to the axial vibration isolation.
Further, the flywheel rotor system comprises a flywheel base 11, a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket 12 is fixed at the top of the flywheel base 11, a flywheel shaft 8 is vertically arranged between the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel brackets 12, and the top end of the flywheel shaft 8 is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the motor 1 through a coupler 2; the flywheel shaft 8 is provided with a flywheel 5; the motor 1 is fixed on the top of a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket 12. The flywheel rotor system is mainly used for converting external energy into mechanical energy of the rotor system, and then converting the mechanical energy into electric energy. In the working process, flywheel shaft 8 is driven through flywheel 5, coupling 2 is driven through flywheel shaft 8, motor 1 is synchronously driven through coupling 2, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through motor 1.
Further, the electromagnetic shunt damper comprises an axial magnetizing permanent magnet 6 fixed on a flywheel shaft 8, an electromagnetic damper coil 7 fixed on a superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket 12 and an external circuit; in the flywheel axial vibration state, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 6 axially vibrates along with the flywheel rotor system, so that the internal magnetic flux of the electromagnetic damper coil 7 changes to generate electric potential, and the external circuit consumes the energy of the flywheel 5 vibration to attenuate the flywheel vibration. The electromagnetic shunt damper can be used for reducing axial vibration of the flywheel shaft 8 in the rotation process, so that a good vibration isolation effect is achieved; the utilization efficiency of the coil can be effectively improved by using the electromagnetic shunt damper.
Further, the external circuit includes a resistor 22 and a capacitor 21; the resistor 22, the capacitor 21 and the electromagnetic damper coil 7 form an RLC resonant circuit together, and the quality factor of the RLC resonant circuit is Q; when the external vibration frequency is similar to the natural frequency of the resonant circuit, compared with the current I in the RL circuit, the current through the resistor in the RLC resonant circuit is Q.I, and the resistance energy consumption is increased to Q 2 Multiple times. The utilization efficiency of the coil can be effectively improved by using the electromagnetic shunt damper. The utilization efficiency of the coil can be effectively improved by using the electromagnetic shunt damper.
Further, the composite magnetic suspension bearing system comprises two groups of high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearings 3 and permanent magnetic axial bearings.
Further, the high temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 comprises a radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array 19 arranged on the flywheel rotor bearing, a permanent magnet pad 17, a low Wen Baobi Dewar fixed on the high temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket 12 and a high temperature superconductive block 18 arranged in the low Wen Baobi Dewar.
Further, the specific installation mode of the high temperature superconducting block 18 in the low Wen Baobi dewar is as follows: the high temperature superconducting blocks 18 are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular low Wen Baobi Dewar; the C-axis of the high temperature superconducting block 18 is oriented toward the low Wen Baobi dewar centerline.
Further, a liquid nitrogen inlet 14 and a liquid nitrogen dewar air outlet 13 are arranged at the top of the low Wen Baobi dewar, and a dewar vacuum chamber 16 is filled with liquid nitrogen 15; during the cooling process, the horizontal symmetry axis of the radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array 19 and the C axis of the high-temperature superconducting block 18 are in the same plane; upon completion of cooling, the array of radiation-charged permanent magnets 19 slowly descends until it is stably suspended.
Furthermore, the two sets of high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearings 3 are utilized to provide levitation force and rigidity of the flywheel for the rotor, and ensure stability of the flywheel.
Further, the permanent magnetic axial bearing comprises an upper permanent magnetic axial bearing permanent magnet 9 on the flywheel rotor bearing and a lower permanent magnetic axial bearing permanent magnet 10 fixed on the flywheel base 11, and is used for improving the bearing capacity of the high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing 3.
Claims (2)
1. The high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with the axial vibration isolation function is characterized by comprising a composite magnetic suspension bearing system, a flywheel rotor system, an electromagnetic shunt damper and a motor (1);
the composite magnetic suspension bearing system is used for providing suspension force and rigidity for accessories on the flywheel rotor system and the flywheel shaft (8) thereof and ensuring stable suspension of the flywheel rotor system;
under the stable suspension condition, the flywheel rotor system operates under the drive of the motor (1), axial vibration is generated when the flywheel rotor system operates, the electromagnetic shunt damper blocks the flywheel (5) from moving axially, and the axial vibration of the flywheel (5) is weakened;
the flywheel rotor system comprises a flywheel base (11), a high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket (12) is fixed at the top of the flywheel base (11), a flywheel shaft (8) is vertically arranged between the superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel brackets (12), and the top end of the flywheel shaft (8) is in transmission connection with a main shaft of a motor (1) through a coupler (2); a flywheel (5) is arranged on the flywheel shaft (8); the motor (1) is fixed at the top of the superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket (12);
the electromagnetic shunt damper comprises an axial magnetizing permanent magnet (6) fixed on a flywheel shaft (8), an electromagnetic damper coil (7) fixed on a superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket (12) and an external circuit;
in the flywheel axial vibration state, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet (6) axially vibrates along with the flywheel rotor system, so that the internal magnetic flux of the electromagnetic damper coil (7) changes to generate potential, and the external circuit is utilized to consume the energy of the flywheel (5) vibration and damp the flywheel vibration;
the external circuit comprises a resistor (22) and a capacitor (21); the resistor (22), the capacitor (21) and the electromagnetic damper coil (7) form an RLC resonant circuit together, and the quality factor of the RLC resonant circuit is Q; when the external vibration frequency is similar to the natural frequency of the resonant circuit, compared with the current I in the RL circuit, the current through the resistor in the RLC resonant circuit is Q.I, and the resistance energy consumption is increased to Q 2 Doubling;
the composite magnetic suspension bearing system comprises two groups of high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearings (3) and permanent magnetic axial bearings;
the high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing (3) comprises a radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array (19) arranged on the flywheel rotor bearing, a permanent magnet pad (17), a low Wen Baobi Dewar fixed on the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel bracket (12) and a high-temperature superconductive block (18) arranged in the low Wen Baobi Dewar;
the specific installation mode of the high-temperature superconducting block (18) in the low Wen Baobi Dewar is as follows:
the superconductive blocks (18) are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular low Wen Baobi Dewar;
the C axis of the superconducting block (18) faces the center line of the low Wen Baobi Dewar;
the top of the low Wen Baobi Dewar is provided with a liquid nitrogen inlet (14) and a liquid nitrogen Dewar air outlet (13), and a Dewar vacuum chamber (16) is filled with liquid nitrogen (15); in the cooling process, the horizontal symmetry axis of the radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array (19) and the C axis of the superconducting block (18) are in the same plane; when cooling is completed, the radiation magnetizing permanent magnet array (19) slowly descends until stable suspension is achieved;
the permanent magnet axial bearing comprises an upper permanent magnet axial bearing permanent magnet (9) on the flywheel rotor bearing and a lower permanent magnet axial bearing permanent magnet (10) fixed on a flywheel base (11) and is used for improving the bearing capacity of the superconductive radial magnetic suspension bearing (3).
2. The high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation flywheel with the axial vibration isolation function according to claim 1, wherein the two sets of high-temperature superconductive radial magnetic levitation bearings (3) are used for providing levitation force and rigidity of the flywheel for the rotor and guaranteeing stability of the flywheel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210098929.7A CN114448161B (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | High-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with axial vibration isolation function |
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| CN202210098929.7A CN114448161B (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | High-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension flywheel with axial vibration isolation function |
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| CN114448161B true CN114448161B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| CN115199705B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-06-16 | 北京信息科技大学 | Multifunctional energy storage flywheel system with damping energy recovery and online modal monitoring functions |
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2022
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| JP2000253599A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Flywheel energy storage equipment using superconducting bearing |
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