CN114445010A - Multi-type intermodal transport system and method based on block chain - Google Patents
Multi-type intermodal transport system and method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-mode combined transport system and a method based on a block chain, wherein the multi-mode combined transport system provides a system interface for a user terminal to call; the multimodal transportation system includes: and (4) a service contract layer: the intelligent contract system is used for deploying corresponding intelligent contracts, compiling corresponding intelligent contracts when a system needs to add new service functions, and providing interfaces with unified specifications for the outside; block chain core layer: the block chain system is used as the core of the whole block chain system, provides credible data uplink and verification services for the application of a service contract layer, and is linked with other block chain systems through a cross-chain technology; fabric infrastructure platform based on Kubernetes: the method provides stable and reliable block chain service for a business contract layer and a block chain core layer, and realizes quick deployment, dynamic joining and convenient management of a multi-node container. The method is compatible with the existing exclusive systems of all organizations, and ensures the rapid configuration and deployment of the block chain system module facing the multi-type intermodal service scene.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of block chains, in particular to a multi-type intermodal transportation system and a multi-type intermodal transportation method based on block chains.
Background
The multi-type combined transportation is a composite transportation mode combining two or more different types of transportation modes, and can give full play to the advantages of each transportation mode and reduce the overall transportation cost. In recent years, multimodal transportation has entered an accelerated development period, and has become a focus of research in the field of transportation. Due to the existence of a plurality of participants, the following defects can exist by adopting the traditional centralized system architecture: (1) information resource island: the multi-type intermodal transportation business process is complex, deeper information barriers exist among different mechanisms and different sites, information details are difficult to share, the information collection timeliness is poor, and information channels among multi-type intermodal main bodies are easy to be not communicated smoothly to form an information isolated island. (2) Difficulty in planning the whole process: the central management platform is used for rapidly and effectively scheduling each party transportation resource to take orders, and because all information is collected to the central platform, the calculation amount of the central platform is huge, and the efficiency is low. (3) Fund management difficulties: each party needs to collect remuneration after completing their assigned task, who manages the funds, who decides, who distributes the funds, and whether the banking institution needs access (the customer may need to loan from the financial institution, and the carrier may want to receive the money quickly after completion). If the traditional method is adopted in the process, certain time is spent on the flow, and the fund transfer is inconvenient. (4) Difficulty in signing contract agreements: transport agreements need to satisfy multiple interests, and how to negotiate efficiently to form electronic contracts that meet the multiple interests is also a problem for multimodal transport. (5) The reliability is low, and the maintenance cost is high: when the central management platform collects excessive key functions and information, the system is connected in series to have high coupling, the system reliability is greatly reduced, the maintenance cost is greatly improved, and once the central management platform fails, the system is impacted. (6) Difficulty in tracing responsibility: in the transportation process, if the problems of cargo loss, package drop, information tampering and the like occur, how to quickly trace the source and trace the responsibility is realized. (7) The problem of possible capital shortage for small and medium-sized enterprise manufacturers: the small and medium-sized enterprises have the problems of small scale, weak risk resistance and shortage of mobile funds, so that the credit rating of the small and medium-sized enterprises is low, and the enthusiasm of financial institutions for loan delivery to the small and medium-sized enterprises is further reduced. The block chain technology can realize the public transparency of the whole process of cargo transportation in the multi-mode combined transportation process, reduce the risk doubt of the bank on the control right of the collateral articles, solve the problem of information asymmetry between the bank and small and medium enterprises, and hopefully ensure that the financing channel of the small and medium enterprises is more smooth.
The large-scale popularization and application of the block chain technology provide a new solution for solving the pain point of the multimodal transportation business. In a broad sense, the blockchain is a comprehensive technology that uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm to verify and store data, and uses a consensus algorithm to update and maintain data in a distributed manner, and under the constraint of logic such as intelligent contract, the automatic and safe execution of a business process and business logic in a decentralized core architecture can be ensured.
Due to the fact that multiple main bodies are involved, the business is complex, repeated operation is conducted and the like, the cargo transportation efficiency in the multi-mode intermodal transportation process is not high. The multi-type intermodal transportation system is large in scale and numerous in related fields, and the characteristics of transparent block chain technology disclosure, whole network consensus, safety, credibility and the like are utilized to reduce supervision and management cost, improve the automation and intelligent level of multi-type intermodal transportation and improve transaction transparency, so that the overall social and economic benefits are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multi-type intermodal transportation system and a method based on block chains.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, a multimodal transportation system based on a block chain is provided, where the multimodal transportation system provides a system interface for a user terminal to call; the multimodal transportation system includes:
and (4) a service contract layer: the intelligent contract system is used for deploying corresponding intelligent contracts, compiling corresponding intelligent contracts when a system needs to add new service functions, and providing interfaces with unified specifications for the outside;
block chain core layer: the block chain system is used as the core of the whole block chain system, provides credible data uplink and verification services for the application of a service contract layer, and is linked with other block chain systems through a cross-chain technology;
fabric infrastructure platform based on Kubernetes: the method provides stable and reliable block chain service for a business contract layer and a block chain core layer, and realizes quick deployment, dynamic addition and convenient management of a multi-node container; meanwhile, under the condition that partial nodes fail, the block chain system can still provide services to the outside, and the failed nodes can be quickly sensed and quickly recovered.
Further, the user terminal includes:
bulk commodity manufacturing enterprise terminals: a customer order is issued to the multimodal transport system;
carrying enterprise terminals: the system is responsible for executing a certain section of transportation task in a customer order or providing related transfer service;
financial institution terminal: the functions of carrying out the punctual delivery of funds and providing loan for medium and small enterprises are realized;
insurance enterprise terminal: executing claims after damage and loss in the process of cargo transportation;
local government regulatory department terminal: and global perception and planning evaluation of the transportation task of the whole system are realized.
Further, the service contract layer includes:
service data uplink and check contract module: the device is used for encrypting and storing the information to the block chain and decrypting the data when checking;
a multi-party contract contracting module: the client's waybill is divided into a plurality of sub-waybill to be distributed to corresponding carrier enterprises, when the carrier enterprises determine the sub-waybill after links including capacity judgment and quotation confirmation, the multi-party contract signing module realizes automatic signing and generates a joint waybill;
the logistics information tracking and tracing contract module: the system is used for recording and inquiring information of various certification materials and goods states generated in the transportation process; the logistics information tracking and tracing contract module realizes transportation whole-flow block chaining, and when the goods state changes, all nodes in the system record and store the change of the goods information;
a negotiation contract module: the method is used for forming a consultation process when a new organization wants to join in the multi-type intermodal system based on the block chain, the existing organization in the block chain network votes for the newly joined organization according to a predefined admission strategy, and if the admission strategy is met, the new organization joins in the alliance chain;
a payment contract module: paying the fund to a carrying enterprise in charge of the road section after a certain freight bill is finished;
and a loan contract module: the financial institution issues loan for the client according to the related attribute of the client waybill;
an insurance contract module: and in the process of transporting the goods, if the goods are lost or damaged, the insurance contract is penalized to carry out claim settlement.
Further, the block chain core layer includes:
go central file management module: the system comprises a block chain, a distributed database and a hash processing module, wherein the block chain is used for storing hash values of files with large volumes;
a key deployment module: the method is used for quickly building a block chain environment and efficiently deploying the block chain network nodes;
a visualization management module: providing an intuitive visual interface for browsing the running condition of the whole block chain system and the state of each node;
a contract management module: the system comprises a contract deployment unit, a contract security verification unit, a contract upgrading maintenance tool unit and an intelligent contract library unit; the contract deployment unit is used for conveniently deploying and efficiently managing the contracts; the contract security verification unit is used for carrying out security check on the contract to prevent the irreversible loss caused by the vulnerability of the contract; the intelligent contract library unit comprises the specific realization of related services in the multi-type combined transport system based on the block chain;
a safety guarantee module: the data privacy protection is realized by a plurality of cryptographic technologies, including a multi-level key protection mechanism, a plurality of key protocol matching, field-level encryption and authorization decryption, and supporting a national encryption algorithm, an encryptor interface service and a key management service;
a cross-chain technology module: interaction with other block chain systems is realized through a notary mechanism;
identity management and access control module: distributing corresponding data access rights for different roles in the system through a channel mechanism and member services of the Fabric;
a data storage service module: the CouchDB/LevelDB is used as a state database, block chain storage is expanded through IPFS, and access efficiency is improved through Redis cache; based on MySQL, a database cluster is built in a multi-thread master-slave synchronization mode to realize read-write separation and data hot standby; common recording and maintenance of the account book are performed through different nodes, and a mechanism for common management, tamper resistance and traceability of data in a block chain system is formed;
the system comprises a data updating service module, an event pushing service module and a micro-service interface providing module.
Further, the kubernets-based Fabric infrastructure platform comprises:
the Fabric node management module of each participant in the multimodal transport system: there are many types of nodes in the Fabric blockchain network, including accounting node, endorsement node, host node, anchor node, sequencing node and CA, wherein: all Fabric nodes have the function of bookkeeping, the bookkeeping node receives the generated transaction block, checks each transaction in the block, checks whether the input and output depending on the transaction conform to the state of the current blockchain, adds the block to the local blockchain after the check is finished, and modifies the world state; after the endorsement node receives the transaction proposal, verifying the signature and determining whether the submitter is authorized to execute the operation, and simultaneously simulating and executing an intelligent contract according to the endorsement strategy; when an organization joins a plurality of channels, the main node is responsible for receiving transactions from the sequencing organization and then distributing the transactions to other accounting nodes of the organization; the anchor node is used for realizing node communication among the cross-organizations, and each participating organization in the multimodal transport system and the nodes have a functional mapping relation; the sequencing node is set by a multi-mode intermodal system administrator and used for guaranteeing the sequence of transactions in the block chain system, carrying out consensus sequencing on the received transactions, packaging a batch of transactions together according to a block generation strategy, generating a new block and sending the new block to the accounting node; the Fabric CA node is the certificate authority of the Fabric: the certificate is signed and issued for the Fabric node and the user of the multi-type intermodal system and the digital certificate is managed, the CA node does not participate in most activities of the block chain system (such as account book inquiry or chain code function calling and the like), and only when the multi-type intermodal system needs to be added with a Fabirc node or a user, the interaction with the CA node is involved.
The business chain code management module: the system realizes the related service requirements in the multi-type combined transport system and comprises a multi-party signing unit, a logistics tracking unit, a data uplink storage unit and an on-chain data verification unit;
the system chain code management module: the system chain code is used for checking the information of the block chain and the account book, and the visual browsing of the network state of the whole block chain is realized by integrally packaging the system chain code.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a block chain-based multimodal transportation method is provided, where the system includes the following steps:
s01: generating an encryption material of each organization node of the Fabric initial network by adopting a multi-level CA mode, obtaining related secret keys and certificate information by each organization, and mounting related paths into the interior of a container;
s03: modifying an original container starting configuration file, replacing the original container starting configuration file by adopting a new configuration file based on Kubernetes, and using the new configuration file as a container starting configuration file, wherein the specific modification steps are as follows:
s0301: creating a name space, and storing resources belonging to the same organization in the same name space;
s0303: providing a Service configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multi-type intermodal system, defining the type of Service, specifying the selection range of a label selector and setting a port of external Service;
s0305: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multimodal transportation system;
s0307: deploying a self-defined Fabric Block chain network by one key;
s0309: defining a set of template files which can be reused, and expanding each working node of the Fabric;
s05: successfully starting the container and ensuring that each node can carry out normal communication, packaging, installing and starting the chain code container, so that the chain code container can be normally started and operated;
s07: launching the visualization tool Dashboard of kubernets to manage the created kubernets cluster and provide visualization services.
Further, step S0305 specifically includes: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multi-type intermodal system, and providing service for starting and managing a block chain node container by defining the name and the stored name space of the Deployment, a label selector of the Deployment, a label of a Pod, the number of copies started by the Pod, an environment variable in the container, mirror image information, a container port and mounting information;
step S0309 specifically includes: for different nodes in a block chain network in a multi-type combined transport system, a set of reusable template files is defined, when endorsement nodes, sequencing nodes and accounting nodes are required to be expanded, configuration files belonging to a specific organization and a specific node can be generated only by modifying related fields, and containers are started through Kubernets commands.
Further, in step S0301, the namespace is used in kubernets for classifying, screening and managing any object group in the cluster; each workload added to the Kubernetes cluster must be placed in a namespace, and an enterprise unit corresponds to an organization, i.e., belongs to the same namespace;
in step S0303, Service is a "micro Service" in the micro Service architecture, and Service defines an access entry address of a Service;
pod is a combination of one or more containers that share storage, network and namespace, and specifications of how to operate, in step S0305; pod is the smallest deployable unit of Kubernetes; the Deployment is used as a controller of the Pod and is used for managing the Pod and the replicase, and rolling upgrading and rollback application, capacity expansion and capacity reduction can be realized;
in the step S0305, a HostPath mode is adopted to mount the catalog in the host machine into the container for use;
the modification of the environment variable in the step S0305 is based on the mismatching between the domain name definition rule among the containers in kubernets and the Fabric communication rule, and the mode of uniformly changing the field related to the domain name in the environment variable into the "Service name.
Further, the tag and tag selector in steps S0303 and S0305 is a set of concepts in resource management in kubernets, where the tag is a set of key-value pairs set by the user himself, and can be attached to various resource objects; the label selector is used for expressing the query condition or the selection standard of the label and scheduling resources;
in step S0309, a processing scheme for automatically expanding Fabric network organizations and nodes is given, and when a multi-type intermodal system needs to add an organization or add a Fabric node to an organization, the Fabric block chain network topology is changed in the form of a template file, and due to a load balancing mechanism of kubernets, the Fabric node is dynamically allocated to a server under the management of kubernets.
Further, in step S05, the processing scheme of the chain code container is:
s0501: adding the domain name server address in a Kubernetes system into a configuration file of Docker, so that the Kubernetes can sense a chain code container started by the Docker;
s0503: the Fabric command is used to manage the lifecycle of the chain code and instantiate the chain code container.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in an exemplary embodiment of the invention, for interaction of multiple organizations involved in a multi-type intermodal service scene, in order to realize safe separation of services and data to the maximum extent, the existing proprietary systems of the organizations are compatible, and rapid configuration and deployment of a blockchain system module facing the multi-type intermodal service scene are ensured. The invention constructs a block chain bottom layer system with good expansibility and high usability on the basis of hyper ledger Fabric of a high-universality alliance chain frame, the system can be communicated with the existing information management systems of all participants, data input and output of all the information management systems are realized in a uniform data interface and data request mode, real-time data sharing is realized through continuously updated blocks on an alliance chain, the problems of unsmooth information sharing and information isolated islands in a multi-mode intermodal scene can be effectively solved, the tracing of goods and the investigation of responsibility in the transportation process can be realized, the safety and the reliability of important business data are ensured, and the execution efficiency of key business modules is improved. Meanwhile, the system can be well butted with other systems, convenience is provided for the actual transportation business of multi-mode intermodal transportation, and reference is provided for scenes related to multi-organization interaction in other application fields.
(2) In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific implementations of a service contract layer, a blockchain core layer, and a kubernets-based Fabric infrastructure platform are disclosed, respectively.
(3) In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a multimodal transportation method for a system corresponding to a Kubernetes-based Fabric infrastructure platform is disclosed, where each node in a Fabric network is started in a container manner, and a management method for each node container of a Kubernetes-based Fabric can simplify configuration information of a node container of a multimodal transportation system, automatically expand or delete organizations and nodes, monitor node information and a life cycle, provide an automatic restart service, and provide a better operation and maintenance management service for each organization in a multimodal transportation system. The Kubernetes is used for managing the nodes and the intelligent contracts in the block chain network, the usability of a platform is improved, the block chain network is conveniently built and maintained, one-key deployment and visual management are realized, a dynamic network structure is realized, and dynamic addition and quitting of all organization nodes are allowed.
(4) In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, preferred exemplary embodiments of the individual steps of the method are disclosed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a block chain-based multimodal transport system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of step S03 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are directions or positional relationships described based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a block chain-based multimodal transportation system that provides a system interface to a user terminal for a user to call, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; the multimodal transportation system includes:
and (4) a service contract layer: the intelligent contract system is used for deploying corresponding intelligent contracts, compiling corresponding intelligent contracts when a system needs to add new service functions, and providing interfaces with unified specifications for the outside;
block chain core layer: the block chain system is used as the core of the whole block chain system, provides credible data uplink and verification services for the application of a service contract layer, and is linked with other block chain systems through a cross-chain technology;
fabric infrastructure platform based on Kubernetes: the method provides stable and reliable block chain service for a business contract layer and a block chain core layer, and realizes quick deployment, dynamic addition and convenient management of a multi-node container; meanwhile, under the condition that partial nodes fail, the block chain system can still provide services to the outside, and the failed nodes can be quickly sensed and quickly recovered.
Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, for interaction of multiple organizations involved in a multimodal transportation service scenario, in order to maximally implement safe separation of services and data, an existing dedicated system of each organization is compatible, and rapid configuration and deployment of a blockchain system module oriented to the multimodal transportation service scenario are ensured. The invention constructs a block chain bottom layer system with good expansibility and high usability on the basis of hyper ledger Fabric of a high-universality alliance chain frame, the system can be communicated with the existing information management systems of all participants, data input and output of all the information management systems are realized in a uniform data interface and data request mode, real-time data sharing is realized through continuously updated blocks on an alliance chain, the problems of unsmooth information sharing and information isolated islands in a multi-mode intermodal scene can be effectively solved, the tracing of goods and the investigation of responsibility in the transportation process can be realized, the safety and the reliability of important business data are ensured, and the execution efficiency of key business modules is improved. Meanwhile, the system can be well butted with other systems, convenience is provided for the actual transportation business of multi-mode intermodal transportation, and reference is provided for scenes related to multi-organization interaction in other application fields.
Preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the user terminal includes:
bulk commodity manufacturing enterprise terminals: the main customer as a platform places a customer order to the multimodal transportation system;
carrying enterprise terminals: the system is responsible for executing a certain transport task in a customer order or providing related transfer service, and in an exemplary embodiment, the system is used by a port transport transfer enterprise, a road transport enterprise, a sea transport enterprise and a carrier enterprise including an air transport enterprise;
financial institution terminal: the financial institution terminal is a bank terminal in an exemplary embodiment;
insurance enterprise terminal: executing claims after damage and loss in the process of cargo transportation;
local government regulatory department terminal: the global perception and planning evaluation of the whole system transportation task are realized, and a corresponding response interface is provided through a multi-type intermodal system based on a block chain.
Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the multimodal transportation system based on the block chain provides a series of interfaces (in the form of RESTful, WebService, and the like) to the outside for users to call, these interfaces can be well interfaced with the existing information system of the users, and by calling these interfaces, a control instruction is sent to the multimodal transportation system, and after receiving the instruction, the system can analyze the instruction, and then call a corresponding intelligent contract to complete a related service. Thus, providing interfaces to different user terminals is supported.
Preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the service contract layer is embodied by main functions of the multimodal transport system based on the block chain, and by deploying the corresponding intelligent contract, the manual operation frequency can be greatly reduced, and the automation level of the whole system is improved. The method mainly comprises contracts for executing multi-party signing functions, contracts for executing fund payment functions, contracts for executing loan functions, contracts for executing data chaining and query and the like, and when a system needs to add new service functions, only corresponding intelligent contracts need to be compiled, and then interfaces with unified specifications are provided for the outside.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the service contract layer includes:
service data uplink and check contract module: the device is used for encrypting and storing the information to the block chain and decrypting the data when checking;
a multi-party contract contracting module: the client's waybill is divided into a plurality of sub-waybill to be distributed to corresponding carrier enterprises, when the carrier enterprises determine the sub-waybill after links including capacity judgment and quotation confirmation, the multi-party contract signing module realizes automatic signing and generates a joint waybill; therefore, a closed loop process without manual examination is formed, and the working efficiency is improved.
The logistics information tracking and tracing contract module: the system is used for recording and inquiring various information for proving the state of materials and goods generated in the transportation process, so that the truth, reliability and effectiveness of the information are ensured; the contract module is traced through the logistics information tracking, so that the whole transportation process block chaining is realized, when the goods state changes, all nodes in the system can record and store the change of the goods information, the disclosure and transparency of the goods transportation process can be ensured, and the traceability of the goods transportation information and the fund can be improved;
a negotiation contract module: the method is used for forming a consultation process when a new organization wants to join in the multi-type intermodal system based on the block chain, the existing organization in the block chain network votes for the newly joined organization according to a predefined admission strategy, and if the admission strategy is met, the new organization joins in the alliance chain;
a payment contract module: paying the fund to a carrying enterprise in charge of the road section after a certain freight bill is finished;
and a loan contract module: the financial institution issues loan for the client according to the related attribute of the client waybill;
an insurance contract module: and in the process of transporting the goods, if the goods are lost or damaged, the insurance contract is penalized to carry out claim settlement.
Preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the blockchain core layer serves as a core of the whole blockchain system, provides trusted data chaining and verification services for upper-layer applications, and can link other blockchain systems through a cross-chain technology, including decentralized file management, one-key deployment, visual management, contract management, security assurance, cross-chain technology, identity management and access control security, and data storage.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the block chain core layer includes:
go central file management module: if all the services in the multimodal transport are stored in the block chain, the overhead of data stored in the chain is very large, so that the files with large volumes are subjected to hash processing, hash values are stored in the block chain, and actual contents are stored in a distributed database in an encrypted mode;
a key deployment module: the method is used for quickly building a block chain environment and efficiently deploying the network nodes of the block chain, helps a user to realize quick deployment and convenient management of the block chain network, and solves the problems of high threshold and complex operation of the block chain technology in practical application;
a visualization management module: providing an intuitive visual interface for browsing the running condition of the whole block chain system and the state of each node;
a contract management module: the system comprises a contract deployment unit, a contract security verification unit, a contract upgrading maintenance tool unit and an intelligent contract library unit; the contract deployment unit is used for conveniently deploying and efficiently managing contracts; the contract security verification unit is used for carrying out security check on the contract to prevent the irreversible loss caused by the vulnerability of the contract; the intelligent contract library unit comprises the specific realization of related services in the multi-type combined transport system based on the block chain;
a safety guarantee module: the data privacy protection is realized by a plurality of cryptographic technologies, including a multi-level key protection mechanism, a plurality of key protocol matching, field-level encryption and authorization decryption, and supporting a national encryption algorithm, an encryptor interface service and a key management service;
a cross-chain technology module: interaction with other block chain systems is realized through a notary mechanism;
identity management and access control module: distributing corresponding data access rights for different roles in the system through a channel mechanism and member services of the Fabric;
a data storage service module: the CouchDB/LevelDB is used as a state database, block chain storage is expanded through IPFS, and access efficiency is improved through Redis cache; based on MySQL, a database cluster is built in a multi-thread master-slave synchronization mode to realize read-write separation and data hot standby; common recording and maintenance of the account book are performed through different nodes, and a mechanism for common management, tamper resistance and traceability of data in a block chain system is formed;
the system comprises a data updating service module, an event pushing service module and a micro-service interface providing module.
Preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the multimodal transportation system relates to a plurality of organizations, each organization usually deploys a plurality of Fabric nodes, and in order to ensure that the whole multimodal transportation system runs smoothly, the Fabric-based bottom layer blockchain system has higher requirements: (1) the rapid deployment, dynamic addition and convenient management of the multi-node container are realized; (2) the block chain system can still provide services to the outside under the condition that partial nodes fail, and can quickly sense the failed nodes and quickly recover.
Kubernetes is a container arrangement engine of Google open source, and provides services of automatic container deployment and copying, container scale expansion or contraction at any time, load balancing, automatic restart and the like for containers. The Fabric infrastructure platform based on Kubernetes uniformly incorporates Fabric nodes, service chain codes and system chain codes of all participants in the multi-type transport system into management of the Kubernetes, dynamic joining of participating organizations in the multi-type transport system and flexible deployment of block chain nodes are achieved, and stable and reliable block chain service is provided for application of an upper-layer multi-type transport system.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the kubernets-based Fabric infrastructure platform includes:
the Fabric node management module of each participant in the multimodal transport system: there are many types of nodes in the Fabric blockchain network, including accounting node, endorsement node, host node, anchor node, sequencing node and CA, wherein: all Fabric nodes have the function of bookkeeping, the bookkeeping node receives the generated transaction block, checks each transaction in the block, checks whether the input and output depending on the transaction conform to the state of the current blockchain, adds the block to the local blockchain after the check is finished, and modifies the world state; after the endorsement node receives the transaction proposal, verifying the signature and determining whether the submitter is authorized to execute the operation, and simultaneously simulating and executing an intelligent contract according to the endorsement strategy; when an organization joins a plurality of channels, the main node is responsible for receiving transactions from the sequencing organization and then distributing the transactions to other accounting nodes of the organization; the anchor node is used for realizing node communication among the cross-organizations, and each participating organization in the multimodal transport system and the nodes have a functional mapping relation; the sequencing node is set by a multi-mode intermodal system administrator and used for guaranteeing the sequence of transactions in the block chain system, carrying out consensus sequencing on the received transactions, packaging a batch of transactions together according to a block generation strategy, generating a new block and sending the new block to the accounting node; the Fabric CA node is the certificate authority of the Fabric: the certificate is signed and issued for the Fabric node and the user of the multi-type intermodal system and the digital certificate is managed, the CA node does not participate in most activities of the block chain system (such as account book inquiry or chain code function calling and the like), and only when the multi-type intermodal system needs to be added with a Fabirc node or a user, the interaction with the CA node is involved.
The chain codes can be divided into business chain codes and system chain codes through an account book of a chain code operation block chain, the business chain code module is used for realizing related business requirements in a multi-type combined transport system, such as multi-party signing, logistics tracking, data uplink storage, on-chain data verification and the like, the system module chain codes are mainly used for checking information of the block chain and the account book, and the system chain codes are integrally packaged to realize visual browsing of the network state of the whole block chain.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and in the method, each node in a Fabric network is started in a container manner, and a management method for each node container in a Fabric based on kubernets may simplify configuration information of a node container in a multimodal transportation system, automatically expand or delete organizations and nodes, monitor node information and a lifecycle, provide an automatic restart service, and provide a better operation and maintenance management service for each organization in the multimodal transportation system, by using the system (a specific exemplary embodiment of a Fabric infrastructure platform of kubernets).
Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the method includes the steps of:
s01: generating an encryption material of each organization node of the Fabric initial network by adopting a multi-level CA mode, obtaining related secret keys and certificate information by each organization, and mounting related paths into the interior of a container;
s03: modifying the original container start configuration file, replacing the original container start configuration file with a new configuration file based on Kubernetes, and using the new configuration file as the start configuration file of the container, as shown in fig. 3, the specific modification steps are as follows:
s0301: creating a name space, and storing resources belonging to the same organization in the same name space;
s0303: providing a Service configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multi-type intermodal system, defining the type of Service, specifying the selection range of a label selector and setting a port of external Service;
s0305: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multimodal transport system;
s0307: deploying a self-defined Fabric Block chain network by one key;
s0309: defining a set of template files which can be reused, and expanding each working node of the Fabric;
s05: successfully starting the container and ensuring that each node can carry out normal communication, packaging, installing and starting the chain code container so that the chain code container can be normally started and operated;
s07: launching the visualization tool Dashboard of kubernets to manage the created kubernets cluster and provide visualization services.
Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, Kubernetes is used for managing nodes and intelligent contracts in a blockchain network, so that the availability of a platform is improved, the blockchain network is conveniently built and maintained, one-key deployment and visual management are realized, a dynamic network structure is realized, and dynamic joining and exiting of each organization node are allowed.
More preferably, exemplary embodiments of the following steps S0301 to S0309 may be arbitrarily combined:
in an exemplary embodiment, in step S0301, the namespace is that used in kubernets to classify, filter and manage any group of objects in the cluster; each workload added to the Kubernetes cluster must be placed in a namespace, and one enterprise unit corresponds to one organization, namely belongs to the same namespace, and each enterprise unit is divided in this way to provide services in a targeted manner;
in an exemplary embodiment, in step S0303, Service is a "micro Service" in the micro Service architecture, and defines an access entry address of a Service, and monitors and changes state information of the Fabric infrastructure platform based on kubernet through Service, so as to ensure that other services are not affected by a change of Pod;
in an exemplary embodiment, the tag and tag selector in steps S0303 and S0305 is a set of concepts in resource management in kubernets, where a tag is a set of key-value pairs set by the user himself, and can be attached to various resource objects; the label selector is used for expressing the query condition or the selection standard of the label and scheduling resources;
in an exemplary embodiment, step S0305 specifically includes: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multi-type intermodal system, and providing service for starting and managing a block chain node container by defining the name and the stored name space of the Deployment, a label selector of the Deployment, a label of a Pod, the number of copies started by the Pod, an environment variable in the container, mirror image information, a container port and mounting information;
in an exemplary embodiment, the Pod in step S0305 is a combination of one or more containers that share storage, network, and namespace, and a specification of how to operate; pod is the smallest deployable unit of Kubernetes; the Deployment is used as a controller of the Pod and is used for managing the Pod and the replicase, and rolling upgrading and rollback application, capacity expansion and capacity reduction can be realized;
in an exemplary embodiment, in the step S0305, the mount mode uses a HostPath mode to mount the directory in the host machine into the container for use;
in an exemplary embodiment, the modification of the environment variable in step S0305 is based on that the domain name definition rule between each container in kubernets does not match with the Fabric communication rule, and the field related to the domain name in the environment variable is uniformly changed to the "Service name.
In an exemplary embodiment, step S0309 specifically includes: for different nodes in a block chain network in a multi-type combined transport system, a set of reusable template files is defined, when endorsement nodes, sequencing nodes and accounting nodes are required to be expanded, configuration files belonging to a specific organization and a specific node can be generated only by modifying related fields, and containers are started through Kubernets commands.
In an exemplary embodiment, in step S0309, a processing scheme for automatically expanding Fabric network organizations and nodes is given, and when a multi-type intermodal system needs to add an additional organization or add a Fabric node to an organization, the Fabric blockchain network topology is changed in the form of a template file, so as to implement automatic expansion of a blockchain network.
More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, in step S05, the processing scheme of the chain code container is:
s0501: adding the domain name server address in a Kubernetes system into a configuration file of Docker, so that the Kubernetes can sense a chain code container started by the Docker;
s0503: the Fabric command is used to manage the lifecycle of the chain code and instantiate the chain code container.
Specifically, kubernets is not used in step S0501, a default connection mode of Docker is a bridge mode, and the chain code container can be started without interference. After using Kubernetes service, the chain code container is created by Docker, and other nodes are created by Kubernetes, the chain code container is beyond the perception of Kubernetes, the chain code container cannot access the Peer or order nodes through node port or ClusterIP, so the chain code container will quit in seconds after being started. By adding the domain name server address in Kubernetes into the configuration file of Docker, the link code container can access each node container through the domain name and carry out communication.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative only and not restrictive of the broad invention, and that various other modifications and changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art based upon the above teachings. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multimode intermodal system based on block chains is characterized in that: the multimodal transportation system provides a system interface for a user terminal to call; the multimodal transportation system includes:
and (4) a service contract layer: the intelligent contract system is used for deploying corresponding intelligent contracts, compiling corresponding intelligent contracts when a system needs to add new service functions, and providing interfaces with unified specifications for the outside;
block chain core layer: the block chain system is used as the core of the whole block chain system, provides reliable data uplink and verification service for the application of a service contract layer, and is linked with other block chain systems through a cross-chain technology;
kubernets-based Fabric infrastructure platform: the method provides stable and reliable block chain service for a business contract layer and a block chain core layer, and realizes quick deployment, dynamic addition and convenient management of a multi-node container; meanwhile, under the condition that partial nodes fail, the block chain system can still provide services to the outside, and the failed nodes can be quickly sensed and quickly recovered.
2. The blockchain-based multimodal transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the user terminal includes:
bulk commodity manufacturing enterprise terminals: a customer order is issued to the multimodal transportation system;
carrying enterprise terminals: the system is responsible for executing a certain section of transportation task in a customer order or providing related transfer service;
financial institution terminal: the functions of carrying out the punctual delivery of funds and providing loan for medium and small enterprises are realized;
insurance enterprise terminal: executing claims after damage and loss in the process of cargo transportation;
local government regulatory department terminal: and global perception and planning evaluation of the transportation task of the whole system are realized.
3. The blockchain-based multimodal transport system according to claim 2, wherein: the service contract layer comprises:
service data uplink and check contract module: the device is used for encrypting and storing the information to the block chain and decrypting the data when checking;
a multi-party contract contracting module: the client's waybill is divided into a plurality of sub-waybill to be distributed to corresponding carrier enterprises, when the carrier enterprises determine the sub-waybill after links including capacity judgment and quotation confirmation, the multi-party contract signing module realizes automatic signing and generates a joint waybill;
the logistics information tracking and tracing contract module: the system is used for recording and inquiring information of various certification materials and goods states generated in the transportation process; the logistics information tracking and tracing contract module realizes transportation whole-flow block chaining, and when the goods state changes, all nodes in the system record and store the change of the goods information;
a negotiation contract module: the method is used for forming a consultation process when a new organization wants to join in the multi-type intermodal system based on the block chain, the existing organization in the block chain network votes for the newly joined organization according to a predefined admission strategy, and if the admission strategy is met, the new organization joins in the alliance chain;
a payment contract module: paying the fund to a carrier enterprise in charge of the road section after a certain freight bill is finished;
and a loan contract module: the financial institution issues loan for the client according to the related attribute of the client waybill;
an insurance contract module: and in the process of transporting the goods, if the goods are lost or damaged, the insurance contract is penalized to carry out claim settlement.
4. The blockchain-based multimodal transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the block chain core layer includes:
go central file management module: the system comprises a block chain, a distributed database and a hash processing module, wherein the block chain is used for storing hash values of files with large volumes;
a key deployment module: the method is used for quickly building a block chain environment and efficiently deploying the block chain network nodes;
a visualization management module: providing an intuitive visual interface for browsing the running condition of the whole block chain system and the state of each node;
a contract management module: the system comprises a contract deployment unit, a contract security verification unit, a contract upgrading maintenance tool unit and an intelligent contract library unit; the contract deployment unit is used for conveniently deploying and efficiently managing the contracts; the contract security verification unit is used for carrying out security check on the contract to prevent the irreversible loss caused by the vulnerability of the contract; the intelligent contract library unit comprises the specific realization of related services in the multi-type combined transport system based on the block chain;
a safety guarantee module: the data privacy protection is realized by a plurality of cryptographic technologies, including a multi-level key protection mechanism, a plurality of key protocol matching, field-level encryption and authorization decryption, and supporting a national encryption algorithm, an encryptor interface service and a key management service;
a cross-chain technology module: interaction with other block chain systems is realized through a notary mechanism;
identity management and access control module: distributing corresponding data access rights for different roles in the system through a channel mechanism and member services of the Fabric;
a data storage service module: the CouchDB/LevelDB is used as a state database, block chain storage is expanded through IPFS, and access efficiency is improved through Redis cache; based on MySQL, a database cluster is built in a multi-thread master-slave synchronization mode to realize read-write separation and data hot standby; common recording and maintenance of the account book are performed through different nodes, and a mechanism for common management, tamper resistance and traceability of data in a block chain system is formed;
the system comprises a data updating service module, an event pushing service module and a micro-service interface providing module.
5. The blockchain-based multimodal transport system according to claim 3, wherein: the Kubernetes-based Fabric infrastructure platform comprises:
the Fabric node management module of each participant in the multimodal transport system: there are many types of nodes in the Fabric blockchain network, including accounting node, endorsement node, host node, anchor node, sequencing node and CA, wherein: all Fabric nodes have the function of bookkeeping, the bookkeeping node receives the generated transaction block, checks each transaction in the block, checks whether the input and output depending on the transaction conform to the state of the current blockchain, adds the block to the local blockchain after the check is finished, and modifies the world state; after the endorsement node receives the transaction proposal, verifying the signature and determining whether the submitter is authorized to execute the operation, and simultaneously simulating and executing an intelligent contract according to the endorsement strategy; when an organization joins a plurality of channels, the main node is responsible for receiving transactions from the sequencing organization and then distributing the transactions to other accounting nodes of the organization; the anchor node is used for realizing node communication among the cross-organizations, and each participating organization in the multimodal transport system and the nodes have a functional mapping relation; the sequencing node is set by a multi-mode intermodal system administrator and used for guaranteeing the sequence of transactions in the block chain system, carrying out consensus sequencing on the received transactions, packaging a batch of transactions together according to a block generation strategy, generating a new block and sending the new block to the accounting node; the Fabric CA node is the certificate authority of the Fabric: issuing certificates for the Fabric nodes and users of the multimodal transportation system and managing the digital certificates, wherein the interaction with the CA nodes is involved only when the multimodal transportation system needs to add a Fabirc node or a user;
the business chain code management module: the system realizes the related service requirements in the multi-type intermodal system and comprises a multi-party signing unit, a logistics tracking unit, a data uplink storage unit and an on-chain data verification unit;
the system chain code management module: the system chain code is used for checking the information of the block chain and the account book, and the visual browsing of the network state of the whole block chain is realized by integrally packaging the system chain code.
6. A blockchain-based multimodal transportation method using the system of claim 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s01: generating an encryption material of each organization node of the Fabric initial network by adopting a multi-level CA mode, obtaining related secret keys and certificate information by each organization, and mounting related paths into the interior of a container;
s03: modifying an original container starting configuration file, replacing the original container starting configuration file by adopting a new configuration file based on Kubernetes, and using the new configuration file as a container starting configuration file, wherein the specific modification steps are as follows:
s0301: creating a name space, and storing resources belonging to the same organization in the same name space;
s0303: providing a Service configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multimodal transportation system, defining the type of Service, specifying the selection range of a label selector and setting a port of external Service;
s0305: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multimodal transport system;
s0307: deploying a self-defined Fabric Block chain network by one key;
s0309: defining a set of template files which can be reused, and expanding each working node of the Fabric;
s05: successfully starting the container and ensuring that each node can carry out normal communication, packaging, installing and starting the chain code container so that the chain code container can be normally started and operated;
s07: launching the visualization tool Dashboard of kubernets to manage the created kubernets cluster and provide visualization services.
7. The block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to claim 6, wherein: step S0305 specifically includes: providing a Deployment configuration file for each working node of all organizations in the multi-type intermodal system, and providing service for starting and managing a block chain node container by defining the name and the stored name space of the Deployment, a label selector of the Deployment, a label of a Pod, the number of copies started by the Pod, an environment variable in the container, mirror image information, a container port and mounting information;
step S0309 specifically includes: for different nodes in a block chain network in a multi-type combined transport system, a set of reusable template files is defined, when endorsement nodes, sequencing nodes and accounting nodes are required to be expanded, configuration files belonging to a specific organization and a specific node can be generated only by modifying related fields, and containers are started through Kubernets commands.
8. The block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to claim 7, wherein: in step S0301, the namespace is used in kubernets to classify, screen, and manage any object group in the cluster; each workload added to the Kubernetes cluster must be placed in a namespace, and an enterprise unit corresponds to an organization, i.e., belongs to the same namespace;
in step S0303, Service is a "micro Service" in the micro Service architecture, and Service defines an access entry address of a Service;
pod is a combination of one or more containers that share storage, network and namespace, and specifications of how to operate, in step S0305; pod is the smallest deployable unit of Kubernetes; the Deployment is used as a controller of the Pod and is used for managing the Pod and the replicase, and rolling upgrading and rollback application, capacity expansion and capacity reduction can be realized;
in the step S0305, a HostPath mode is adopted to mount the catalog in the host machine into the container for use;
the modification of the environment variable in the step S0305 is based on the mismatching between the domain name definition rule among the containers in kubernets and the Fabric communication rule, and the mode of uniformly changing the field related to the domain name in the environment variable into the "Service name.
9. The block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to claim 7, wherein: the tag and tag selector in steps S0303 and S0305 is a set of concepts in resource management in Kubernetes, where the tag is a set of key-value pairs set by the user himself, and can be attached to various resource objects; the label selector is used for expressing the query condition or the selection standard of the label and scheduling resources;
in step S0309, a processing scheme for automatically expanding Fabric network organizations and nodes is given, and when a multi-type intermodal system needs to add an organization or add a Fabric node to an organization, the Fabric block chain network topology is changed in the form of a template file, and due to a load balancing mechanism of kubernets, the Fabric node is dynamically allocated to a server under the management of kubernets.
10. The block chain-based multimodal transportation method according to claim 6, wherein: in step S05, the processing scheme of the chain code container is:
s0501: adding the domain name server address in a Kubernetes system into a configuration file of Docker, so that the Kubernetes can sense a chain code container started by the Docker;
s0503: the Fabric command is used to manage the lifecycle of the chain code and instantiate the chain code container.
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| CN116107704B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-06-06 | 北京邮电大学 | Block chain BaaS and multi-alliance deployment method, data storage access method and device |
| CN116796352A (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-09-22 | 中路高科交通科技集团有限公司 | Integrated information service development support platform for journey passenger transport and implementation method thereof |
| CN116796352B (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2024-03-01 | 中路高科交通科技集团有限公司 | Integrated information service development support platform for journey passenger transport and implementation method thereof |
| CN117408592A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 上海文景信息科技有限公司 | Block chain-based multi-mode intermodal one-system logistics tracing method and system |
| CN117408592B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-09 | 上海文景信息科技有限公司 | Block chain-based multi-mode intermodal one-system logistics tracing method and system |
| CN117611108A (en) * | 2024-01-24 | 2024-02-27 | 山东省国土空间生态修复中心(山东省地质灾害防治技术指导中心、山东省土地储备中心) | Intelligent decision-making construction method for urban and rural construction land paid adjustment |
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