CN114441323A - Double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed and coordinated loading test method - Google Patents
Double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed and coordinated loading test method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed and a coordinated loading test method, which are used for a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test, wherein the coordinated loading test bed comprises: the locking protection structure is connected with the loading beam, the loading guide rail and the loading base; the upper connecting loading beam is assembled with the loading guide rail and then connected to the top of the double-acting cylinder; the loading base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the double-acting cylinder; the locking protection structure is connected above the upper connecting loading beam; when a destructive test occurs, the locking protection structure and the loading guide rail are locked, so that secondary damage caused by structural inertial load is prevented.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bench and a coordinated loading test method.
[ background of the invention ]
In the design of the airplane structure, in order to prove the bearing and force transmission performance of materials and structures, a characteristic region needs to be selected for carrying out representative typical structure test verification. Because the typical section has the characteristics of large size, irregular connection area, complex load, wide monitoring area and the like, the traditional standard testing machine cannot effectively meet various requirements and needs to build a targeted loading platform; the size and the load of a self-balancing rack consisting of a single actuating cylinder in the prior art are limited by the actuating cylinder body, and negative composite loading cannot be realized. Based on the prior art, the method has the following defects:
1. the existing standard testing machine cannot realize the loading of a large-size connecting structure;
2. the existing single actuating cylinder is loaded, and force coupling cannot be formed for composite loading;
3. the existing self-balancing rack connecting area depends on the size of a joint of an actuating cylinder, and the loading boundary condition is greatly limited.
Accordingly, it is desirable to develop a dual-cylinder coordinated loading test stand and a coordinated loading test method that address the deficiencies of the prior art and solve or mitigate one or more of the problems set forth above.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, the invention provides a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed and a coordinated loading test method, wherein double-cylinder loads are combined by a cross beam, a loading area is formed in the middle section, connecting sections are reserved on the upper cross beam and a bottom beam and can be adjusted according to loading requirements, and the acting cylinder is used as a longitudinal support, so that the height direction adjustment can be realized, and the force coupling loading can be realized.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a dual-cylinder coordinated loading test bed for a dual-cylinder coordinated loading test, wherein the coordinated loading test bed comprises: the locking protection structure is connected with the loading beam, the loading guide rail and the loading base;
the upper connecting loading beam is assembled with the loading guide rail and then connected to the top of the double-acting cylinder;
the loading base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the double-acting cylinder;
the locking protection structure is connected above the upper connecting loading beam;
when a destructive test occurs, the locking protection structure and the loading guide rail are locked, and secondary damage caused by structure inertial load is prevented.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, in which the upper connecting load beam includes a main body beam web structure, a binaural joint and a connecting bolt, the main body beam web structure is thickened in a central area, the binaural joint and the main body beam web structure are fixed by the connecting bolt and transmit shear load, and the binaural joint is sleeved on the load rail.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the loading base includes a longitudinal support base, a lateral fixation base, and a lower connection loading beam;
the lateral fixing base is used for connecting the loading beam under lateral fixing;
the longitudinal support base is used for connecting the loading beam under longitudinal support;
the two ends of the lower connecting loading beam are fixedly connected with the lateral fixed bases, the bottom of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the longitudinal supporting base, and the top of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the double actuating cylinders.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the upper connecting loading beam and the lower connecting loading beam are both provided with a connecting section, and the length of the connecting section is dynamically adjusted according to the distance between the double actuating cylinders.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the two lateral fixing bases are respectively disposed at two ends of the longitudinal supporting base, upper ends of the two lateral fixing bases are both connected to the loading guide rail, and lower ends of the two lateral fixing bases are both connected to the longitudinal supporting base.
In accordance with the above aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, in which the number of the loading rails is two, and two lateral fixing bases are respectively fixedly connected to the loading rails.
The above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the number of the double-lug joints is two, the two double-lug joints are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the main body beam web structure, and the two double-lug joints are respectively sleeved on the two loading guide rails.
The locking protection mechanism comprises a fixed cross beam and a fixed connecting piece, wherein two ends of the fixed cross beam are fixedly connected with two ends of the loading guide rail, one end of the fixed connecting piece is fixedly connected with the fixed cross beam, and the other end of the fixed connecting piece is connected with the upper loading beam.
In accordance with the above aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein a plurality of through holes are further provided on the thickened portion of the central area on the web structure of the main body beam, and the plurality of through holes are connected with the load test piece.
The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide a method for performing a coordinated loading test on a dual-acting cylinder, where the method is performed by using the coordinated loading test bench, and the method includes the following steps:
s1: mounting a test piece between the upper connecting loading beam and the loading base;
s2: in the test loading process, hydraulic power is provided for the double actuating cylinders, so that the double actuating cylinders can move along the height direction of the testing machine;
s3: the double actuating cylinders provide power, the upper connecting loading beam is driven to load, load is transmitted to the test piece, and the test piece is loaded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
according to the invention, a self-balancing frame is constructed by adopting double actuating cylinders, and the connecting area and the loading space are released, so that the freedom degree of test design is increased; through double-cylinder coordination control, the force couple can be applied and the load can be pulled and pressed in the plane, so that composite loading can be carried out; the test piece is not directly connected with the actuating cylinder, the connection form of the loading surface can be modified according to the requirements of boundary conditions, and a rigidity matching space is reserved on the structural space; the coordination effect of the double actuating cylinders is adopted, so that the loading force line is more convenient to adjust, and the difficulty of symmetrical loading is reduced; due to the structural arrangement of the double stand columns, the shielding of a test piece is reduced, and the loading process can be monitored in real time conveniently by adopting non-contact measurement.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-cylinder coordinated loading test rig provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an upper connection load beam structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figure:
1-locking a protection structure; 2-connecting a loading beam; 3-loading the guide rail; 4-double acting cylinder; 5-loading the base; 6-a double lug joint; 7-connecting bolts; 8-a main body beam web structure; 9-center loading thickening; 10-a connecting segment; 11-lateral fixation base; 12-a longitudinal support base; 13-lower connecting load beam.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed, which is used for a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test and comprises the following components: the locking protection structure is connected with the loading beam, the loading guide rail and the loading base; the upper connecting loading beam is assembled with the loading guide rail and then connected to the top of the double-acting cylinder; the loading base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the double-acting cylinder; the locking protection structure is connected above the upper connecting loading beam; when a destructive test occurs, the locking protection structure and the loading guide rail are locked, and secondary damage caused by structure inertial load is prevented.
The upper connecting loading beam comprises a main body beam web plate structure, a double-lug joint and a connecting bolt, the main body beam web plate structure is thickened in the central area, the double-lug joint and the main body beam web plate structure are fixed through the connecting bolt and transmit shearing load, and the double-lug joint is sleeved on the loading guide rail.
The loading base comprises a longitudinal supporting base, a lateral fixing base and a lower connecting loading beam;
the lateral fixing base is used for connecting the loading beam under lateral fixing;
the longitudinal support base is used for connecting the loading beam under longitudinal support;
the two ends of the lower connecting loading beam are fixedly connected with the lateral fixed bases, the bottom of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the longitudinal supporting base, and the top of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the double actuating cylinders.
And the upper connecting loading beam and the lower connecting loading beam are both provided with connecting sections, and the length of each connecting section is dynamically adjusted according to the distance between the double actuating cylinders. The lateral fixing bases are arranged at two ends of the longitudinal supporting base respectively, the upper ends of the lateral fixing bases are connected with the loading guide rails, and the lower ends of the lateral fixing bases are connected with the longitudinal supporting base. The loading guide rails are two and are respectively provided with two lateral fixing bases which are fixedly connected. The two double-lug joints are fixedly connected with two ends of a main body beam web structure respectively and are sleeved on the two loading guide rails respectively. The locking protection mechanism comprises a fixed cross beam and a fixed connecting piece, two ends of the fixed cross beam are fixedly connected with two ends of the loading guide rail, one end of the fixed connecting piece is fixedly connected with the fixed cross beam, and the other end of the fixed connecting piece is connected with the upper loading beam. And a plurality of through holes are further formed in the thickened part of the central area of the main body beam web plate structure and are connected with the loading test piece.
The invention also provides a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test method which is completed through the coordinated loading test bench and comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting a test piece between the upper connecting loading beam and the loading base;
s2: in the test loading process, hydraulic power is provided for the double actuating cylinders, so that the double actuating cylinders can move along the height direction of the testing machine;
s3: the double actuating cylinders provide power, the upper connecting loading beam is driven to load, load is transmitted to the test piece, and the test piece is loaded.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the double-acting cylinder coordinated loading test bed is composed of a locking protection structure, an upper connecting loading beam, a loading guide rail and a loading base, wherein the double-acting cylinder is connected with the upper loading beam and the base, the upper loading beam can move along the loading guide rail during actuation, and the vertical test bed is formed. The base part is composed of a side bottom beam and a side support and is connected with the flat ground, and the upper loading beam and the guide rails on the two sides are connected with the actuating cylinder after being assembled to form a self-balancing loading frame. The locking protection structure is located the loading frame top and is connected with last load beam, and when the destruction type test took place, locking structure and guide rail lock and die and prevent to produce secondary destruction because structure inertial load.
As shown in fig. 2, the main components of the frame for connection and loading are composed of a main body beam, a double-lug joint and a connecting bolt. The body beam web structure is thickened in the central area while adding through holes for mounting load joints. Shear load is fixedly transmitted between the double-lug joint and the main body beam structure through the bolts, when the loading beam generates torsion due to eccentric load, the bolts bear tension and compression in plasticity, and the integral part of the structure is prevented from losing efficacy under the condition of safety failure
As further described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, the double-cylinder loading frame realizes the resultant force of load transmission to the test piece through a rigid structure, and can realize in-plane torque loading under the condition of removing the joint of the loading beam. Compared with the traditional single-actuating-cylinder test bed, the platform frame provides more adaptive capacity and load form under the condition of ensuring the effective load transmission, and can better adapt to different loading requirements of typical structural members of an airplane.
S1: completing the installation of all components in the manner of FIG. 1;
s2: mounting the test piece between a loading beam of a part 2 and a loading base of a part 5 in the figure 1;
s3: in the test loading process, hydraulic power is provided for the actuating cylinder of the part 4 in the figure 1, so that the actuating cylinder can move along the height direction of the testing machine;
s4: the actuating cylinder is powered to drive the loading beam of the part 2 to load, and finally the load is transmitted to the test piece, so that the test piece is loaded.
When the method is implemented specifically, the scheme is as follows:
after the test piece is pretreated and the size is measured according to the test requirements, a loading force line of the test piece is connected with a loading joint of the testing machine; before loading, marking the test piece body to be close, zeroing the load and entering a loading state; setting the loading speed of the actuating cylinders and controlling a safety line, and starting the oil circuit of the double actuating cylinders for loading; controlling the test process through displacement and load monitoring, and simultaneously monitoring the integral deformation of the test piece by using a non-contact light spot measuring instrument; when the load reaches the predicted value of 80%, adjusting, and adjusting the loading rate to start the anti-damage protection above the beam; loading to the limit or limit load required by the test, and adjusting the limit displacement of the loading measurement according to the damage condition; and after the experimental data recording and acquisition are completed, removing the test piece, resetting the load and the displacement, and recovering to the initial state.
The double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed and the coordinated loading test method provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail above. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
As used in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The scope of the present application is to be construed in accordance with the substance defined by the following claims.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test bed for a double-acting-cylinder coordinated loading test is characterized by comprising: the locking protection structure is connected with the loading beam, the loading guide rail and the loading base;
the upper connecting loading beam is assembled with the loading guide rail and then connected to the top of the double-acting cylinder;
the loading base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the double-acting cylinder;
the locking protection structure is connected above the upper connecting loading beam;
when a destructive test occurs, the locking protection structure and the loading guide rail are locked, so that secondary damage caused by structure inertia load is prevented.
2. The coordinated loading test bench of claim 1, wherein said upper connecting loading beam comprises a main body beam web structure, a double-lug joint and a connecting bolt, said main body beam web structure is thickened in the central area, the double-lug joint and the main body beam web structure are fixed through the connecting bolt and transmit the shearing load, and said double-lug joint is sleeved on said loading guide rail.
3. The coordinated loading test rig according to claim 2, wherein said loading base comprises a longitudinal support base, a lateral securing base and a lower connecting loading beam;
the lateral fixing base is used for connecting the loading beam under lateral fixing;
the longitudinal support base is used for connecting the loading beam under longitudinal support;
the two ends of the lower connecting loading beam are fixedly connected with the lateral fixed bases, the bottom of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the longitudinal supporting base, and the top of the lower connecting loading beam is fixedly connected with the double actuating cylinders.
4. The coordinated loading test bench according to claim 3, wherein the upper connection loading beam and the lower connection loading beam are both provided with a connecting section, and the length of the connecting section is dynamically adjusted according to the distance between the double actuating cylinders.
5. The coordinated loading test bench according to claim 3, wherein the number of the lateral fixing bases is two, and the two lateral fixing bases are respectively arranged at two ends of the longitudinal supporting base, the upper ends of the two lateral fixing bases are both connected with the loading guide rail, and the lower ends of the two lateral fixing bases are both connected with the longitudinal supporting base.
6. The coordinated loading test bench of claim 5, wherein said loading guides are two, and two lateral fixed bases are fixedly connected to each other.
7. The coordinated loading test bench according to claim 6, wherein the number of the double-lug joints is two, the two double-lug joints are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the main body beam web structure, and the two double-lug joints are respectively sleeved on the two loading guide rails.
8. The coordinated loading test bench according to claim 1, wherein the locking protection mechanism comprises a fixed beam and a fixed connecting piece, two ends of the fixed beam are fixedly connected with two ends of the loading guide rail, one end of the fixed connecting piece is fixedly connected with the fixed beam, and the other end of the fixed connecting piece is connected with the upper connecting loading beam.
9. The coordinated loading test rig according to claim 2, wherein said body beam web structure is further provided with a plurality of through holes in a central thickened portion thereof, said plurality of through holes being connected to a loading test piece.
10. A method of coordinated dual-cylinder loading testing performed by a coordinated loading test rig according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
s1: mounting a test piece between the upper connecting loading beam and the loading base;
s2: in the test loading process, hydraulic power is provided for the double actuating cylinders, so that the double actuating cylinders can move along the height direction of the testing machine;
s3: the double actuating cylinders provide power, the upper connecting loading beam is driven to load, load is transmitted to the test piece, and the test piece is loaded.
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