CN114441285A - Power test device and method for simulating train load - Google Patents

Power test device and method for simulating train load Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114441285A
CN114441285A CN202210118814.XA CN202210118814A CN114441285A CN 114441285 A CN114441285 A CN 114441285A CN 202210118814 A CN202210118814 A CN 202210118814A CN 114441285 A CN114441285 A CN 114441285A
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vibration
module
test
roadbed
dynamic
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CN114441285B (en
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罗强
周建详
冯桂帅
张良
蒋良潍
王腾飞
易梦笔
郑祉诚
陆瑞
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic test device and method for simulating train load, and relates to the technical field of roadbed engineering. The device provided by the invention comprises a power module, a counterweight module, a limiting module, a data acquisition module and a roadbed, wherein the power module comprises a vibration exciter and a frequency converter, the vibration exciter is arranged on the counterweight module, the frequency converter is connected with the vibration exciter through a first lead, the limiting module and the data acquisition module are respectively connected with the counterweight module, and the limiting module is fixed on the roadbed; the device provided by the invention is of a modular structure, so that the device is convenient to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace, the test efficiency can be improved, and the test cost can be reduced. The invention also provides a dynamic test method for simulating train load, which can avoid the phenomenon that the double shafts of the vibration exciter rotate asynchronously under the low-frequency condition and improve the accuracy of the output of the exciting force.

Description

Power test device and method for simulating train load
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadbed engineering, in particular to a power test device and method for simulating train load.
Background
The railway subgrade is an important foundation structure of a direct bearing track system formed by filling or excavation, and bears the weight of an upper structure of a track, namely static load, and the dynamic load transmitted by a train running through the track. The power generated when the train runs is transmitted to the roadbed through the rail structure, so that the roadbed power response is caused, and the roadbed generates elastic-plastic deformation. The larger deformation of the roadbed has important influence on the geometric shape and position of the track structure, and further reduces the running quality of the train. A device for simulating the dynamic action of the train is used for developing a roadbed dynamic response test to obtain relevant dynamic response parameters of the roadbed, so that the dynamic performance of the roadbed can be evaluated, and the safe operation of the railway is ensured.
The device for simulating the dynamic action of train load borne by roadbed generally adopts a double-shaft inertia vibration exciter as a dynamic vibration exciter, and under the action of the double-shaft vibration exciter, the vibration exciter generates a vertical sine function-changing exciting force. However, the device is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble and is very troublesome to replace, so that the test efficiency is low, and the test cost is wasted; in addition, the exciting force of the inertial vibration exciter is mostly obtained by calculation according to the theoretical relationship between the exciting force and the vibration frequency and the mass of the eccentric block, but calibration tests show that the variation of the exciting force along with the vibration frequency and the theoretical rule have different deviations, when the vibration frequency is low, the double-shaft rotation of the vibration exciter has asynchronous phenomenon, and when the vibration frequency is high, the peak value and the valley value of the exciting force have larger deviations from the static balance position, so that the accuracy of the exciting force output is reduced. Therefore, the invention provides a power test device and a method for simulating train load to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power test device for simulating train load, which is in a modular structure, so that the device is convenient to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace, the test efficiency can be improved, and the test cost can be reduced.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic test method for simulating train load, which can avoid the asynchronous phenomenon of the rotation of the two shafts of the vibration exciter under the low frequency condition, and can also avoid the large fluctuation of the output of the exciting force under the high frequency condition, thereby improving the accuracy of the output of the exciting force.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the application provides a power test device for simulating train load, which comprises a power module, a counterweight module, a limiting module, a data acquisition module and a roadbed, wherein the power module comprises a vibration exciter and a frequency converter, the vibration exciter is arranged on the counterweight module, the frequency converter is connected with the vibration exciter through a first wire, the limiting module and the data acquisition module are respectively connected with the counterweight module, and the limiting module is fixed on the roadbed.
Furthermore, the vibration exciter comprises a rotating shaft, and a laminated eccentric block is arranged on the rotating shaft.
Further, the counterweight module comprises an inner frame, a counterweight block arranged in the inner frame and a rigid loading plate arranged on a bottom plate of the inner frame, and the vibration exciter is arranged on a top plate of the inner frame.
Further, above-mentioned spacing module includes outer frame and the spacing pulley of being fixed in on above-mentioned outer frame, and above-mentioned spacing pulley and above-mentioned inner frame butt, above-mentioned outer frame is fixed in on above-mentioned road bed through the earth anchor.
Further, the data acquisition module comprises a data acquisition device and a vibration displacement meter, the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition instrument and a computer, the data acquisition instrument is connected with the vibration displacement meter through a second lead, and the vibration displacement meter is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the inner frame.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a power test method for simulating a train load, comprising the following steps:
s1, setting a horizontal test roadbed surface by taking the device for simulating the train load power test as a test model, and installing an excitation device on the roadbed;
s2, setting parameters of the vibration excitation device, and installing an eccentric block and a balancing weight;
s3, starting the vibration excitation device to act on the test roadbed surface to generate simulated train load, and determining roadbed dynamic stiffness of the site test position according to each parameter;
and S4, analyzing the test result according to the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed.
Further, the step S2 includes:
s21, calibrating the values of the vibration pressure and the valley pressure of the simulation test, selecting the number of eccentric block sets of the vibration exciter and installing the eccentric block sets on the vibration exciter;
s22, determining the output frequency of the excitation device according to the vibration pressure;
s23, determining static balance pressure according to the output frequency and the valley pressure;
and S24, mounting a balancing weight by using static balance pressure.
Further, the step S3 includes:
s31, starting the vibration excitation device, and adjusting the frequency converter according to the output frequency to enable the frequency converter to act on the test roadbed surface, so that the vibration excitation device generates train load with sine function change;
s32, carrying out multiple cyclic loading, obtaining dynamic deformation values of the multiple cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stable, and calculating the average value of the dynamic deformation values;
and S33, determining the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed at the site test position according to the average value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a power test device for simulating train load, which is of a modular structure, so that the device is convenient to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace, the test efficiency is improved, and the test cost is reduced;
2. the regression equation of the vibration pressure and the valley pressure of the excitation device along with the change of the output frequency and the eccentric mass corrects the system deviation of the peak pressure and the valley pressure which are determined by a theoretical method and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the static balance pressure, and improves the accuracy of the output of the excitation force.
3. The dynamic test method for simulating the train load, provided by the invention, defines a reasonable working frequency range, can better avoid the asynchronous phenomenon existing in the double-shaft rotation of the vibration exciter under the low-frequency condition, can also avoid the larger fluctuation of the exciting force output under the over-high-frequency condition, and improves the accuracy of the exciting force output.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power test device for simulating train load according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a power test apparatus for simulating train loads according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a step diagram of a power test method for simulating train load according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated power action time-course curve of the power test device for simulating train load according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1. a power module; 101. a vibration exciter; 101a, a rotating shaft; 101b, an eccentric block; 102. a frequency converter; 103. a first conductive line; 2. a counterweight module; 201. an inner frame; 201a, a top plate; 201b, a bottom plate; 202. a balancing weight; 203. a rigid load plate; 3. a limiting module; 301. an outer frame; 302. a limiting pulley; 303. a ground anchor; 4. a data acquisition module; 401. a data acquisition device; 401a, a data acquisition instrument; 401b, a computer; 402. a vibration displacement meter; 403. a second conductive line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
It should be noted that, in this document, the term "comprises/comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the individual features of the embodiments can be combined with one another without conflict.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power test apparatus for simulating a train load according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a top view of a power test device for simulating train load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The application provides a power test device of simulation train load, and it includes power module 1, counter weight module 2, spacing module 3, data acquisition module 4 and road bed.
The power module 1 comprises a vibration exciter 101 and a frequency converter 102, the vibration exciter 101 is arranged on the counterweight module 2, the frequency converter 102 is connected with the vibration exciter 101 through a first lead 103, the limiting module 3 and the data acquisition module 4 are respectively connected with the counterweight module 2, and the limiting module 3 is fixed on a roadbed.
Wherein the output frequency of the exciter 101 can be varied by adjusting the frequency converter 102.
As a preferred embodiment, the exciter 101 comprises a rotating shaft 101a, and the rotating shaft 101a is provided with a laminated eccentric mass 101 b.
The relationship between the exciting force and the vibration frequency of the exciting device can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the groups of the eccentric blocks 101 b; generally, each set of eccentric weights 101b is composed of 4 laminations, and it is preferable to use the mass of each set of eccentric weights 101b of 3.556kg and the eccentricity of 0.046m in the present embodiment.
As a preferred embodiment, the weight module 2 includes an inner frame 201, a weight block 202 disposed in the inner frame 201, and a rigid loading plate 203 disposed on a bottom plate 201b of the inner frame 201, and the exciter 101 is disposed on a top plate 201a of the inner frame 201.
The vibration mass of the excitation device can be changed by increasing or decreasing the mass of the balancing weight 202, and the vibration mass is composed of the mass of the vibration exciter 101 in the power module 1 and the mass of the balancing weight module 2; rigid load plate 203 in this embodiment is preferably a load plate 300mm in diameter and 25mm thick.
In a preferred embodiment, the limiting module 3 comprises an outer frame 301 and a limiting pulley 302 fixed on the outer frame 301, the limiting pulley 302 abuts against the inner frame 201, and the outer frame 301 is fixed on a roadbed through an earth anchor 303.
As a preferred embodiment, the data acquisition module 4 includes a data acquisition device 401 and a vibratory displacement meter 402, the data acquisition device 401 includes a data acquisition instrument 401a and a computer 401b, the data acquisition instrument 401a is connected with the vibratory displacement meter 402 through a second wire 403, and the vibratory displacement meter 402 is fixed at the central position of the upper surface of the bottom plate 201 b.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a step diagram of a power test method for simulating a train load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The application provides a power test method for simulating train load, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a horizontal test roadbed surface by taking a device for simulating a train load power test as a test model, and installing an excitation device on the roadbed;
s2, setting parameters of the excitation device, and installing the eccentric block 101b and the balancing weight 202;
s3, starting the vibration excitation device to act on the test roadbed surface to generate simulated train load, and determining roadbed dynamic stiffness of the site test position according to each parameter;
and S4, analyzing the test result according to the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed.
The vibration excitation device comprises a power module 1, a counterweight module 2 and a limiting module 3.
As a preferred embodiment, step S2 includes:
s21 calibrating vibration pressure sigma of simulation testpvAnd valley pressure σvSelecting the number i of groups of eccentric blocks 101b of the vibration exciter 101 and installing the eccentric blocks on the vibration exciter 101;
s22, according to the vibration pressure sigmapvDetermining the output frequency f of an excitation device;
s23, according to the output frequency f and the valley pressure sigmavDetermination of the static equilibrium pressure σ0；
S24, utilizing static equilibrium pressure sigma0The area A of the rigid loading plate 203, and the balancing weight 202 are uniformly arranged in the inner frame 201, so that the vibration mass m of the vibration excitation devicez＝σ0A/g; wherein g is the acceleration of gravity.
Wherein, when the number i of the groups of the eccentric blocks 101b is 1, the vibration pressure sigma of the simulation test is calibratedpv＝0.016f3.066Valley pressure σv＝σ0-0.068f2.181(ii) a When the number i of the groups of the eccentric blocks 101b is 2, the vibration pressure sigma of the simulation test is calibratedpv＝0.070f2.804Valley pressure σv＝σ0-0.086f2.412。
The exciter 101 is a biaxial exciter 101, and the number i of sets of eccentric masses 101b is selected, and then the eccentric masses 101b are attached to the rotating shafts at both ends of the biaxial exciter 101.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated power action time-course curve of a power test device for simulating a train load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment, step S3 includes:
s31, starting the vibration excitation device, and adjusting the frequency converter 102 according to the output frequency f to enable the frequency converter to act on the test roadbed surface, so that the vibration excitation device generates train load with sine function change;
s32, carrying out multiple cyclic loading, obtaining dynamic deformation values of the multiple cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stable, and calculating the average value of the dynamic deformation values;
and S33, determining the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed at the site test position according to the average value.
In step S31, the frequency converter 102 is adjusted according to the output frequency f to act on the test roadbed surface, so that the vibration exciting device generates a sine function to generate a changing train load, and a changing diagram of the changing train load is shown in fig. 4 to form a simulated power action time course curve and a vibration pressure σpvFluctuating up and down with increasing time.
In step S32, the number of times of performing multiple cyclic loading is 1000 times in this embodiment, and then the data acquisition device 401 may obtain a time-course curve of roadbed dynamic deformation, and obtain a dynamic deformation value S of 100 cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stableiAnd calculating to obtain an average value s, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003497566680000101
in addition, in step S33, the calculation formula of the road base dynamic stiffness at the site test position is determined from the average value as Kd＝σpvS is the dynamic deformation value S of 100 cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stabilized in step S32iAverage value of (a).
The working principle is as follows:
leveling a test roadbed surface of the field, removing floating soil and ensuring the level of the test roadbed surface; connecting a rigid loading plate 203 in a counterweight module 2 to a bottom plate 201b of an inner frame 201, placing the connected inner frame 201 and rigid loading plate 203 on a test roadbed surface to ensure that the loading plate 203 is completely contacted with the test roadbed surface, installing a limiting module 3 outside the inner frame 201 and the rigid loading plate 203, fixing an outer frame 301 of the limiting module 3 on a roadbed through a ground anchor 303, abutting an adjusting limiting pulley 302 with the inner frame 201, fixing a vibration exciter 101 on a top plate 201a of the inner frame 201, connecting the vibration exciter 101 with a frequency converter 102 through a first lead 103, fixing a vibration displacement meter 402 at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate 201b of the inner frame 201, and connecting the vibration displacement meter 402 with a data acquisition instrument 401a through a second lead 403;
test (1): determining a simulated vibration pressure σpv100kPa, valley pressure σv＝18kPa。
Selecting the number i of the eccentric blocks 101b to be 1, mounting 4 laminated sheets on the rotating shafts at two ends of the double-shaft vibration exciter according to the vibration pressure sigmapvSubstitution of the formula σ obtained from the calibration test for 100kPapv＝0.016f3.066Determining the output frequency f to be 17.3Hz, and determining the valley pressure sigma according to the output frequency f to be 17.3Hzv18kPa, formula σ obtained from calibration testsv＝σ0-0.068f2.181Obtaining static equilibrium pressure sigma052.1kPa, from equation σ0＝mzg/A determination of the vibrating mass mz375.6kg, the balancing weight 202 is uniformly installed in the inner frame 201, so that the vibration mass m of the vibration excitation device is ensuredz375.6kg, the frequency converter is adjusted to make the vibration output frequency f equal to 17.3Hz, and the vibration pressure sigma is obtainedpv100kPa, valley pressure σvCarrying out 1000 times of cyclic loading on the test roadbed under the dynamic action of sine function change of 18kPa, acquiring a roadbed dynamic deformation time-course curve by using a data acquisition device 401, and taking a dynamic deformation average value s of 100 cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stable1mm, thereby obtaining the dynamic stiffness K of the roadbed at the site test positiond＝σpv/s1＝100/s1kPa/mm。
Test (2): determining the vibration pressure sigma to be simulated according to the test requirementspv100kPa, valley pressure σv＝18kPa；
Selecting the number i of the eccentric blocks 101b to be 2, mounting 2 x 4 laminated sheets on the rotating shafts at two ends of the double-shaft vibration exciter according to the vibration pressure sigmapvSubstitution of the formula σ obtained from the calibration test for 100kPapv＝0.070f2.804And determining that the output frequency f is 13.3 Hz. According to the output frequency f being 13.3Hz and the valley pressure sigmav18kPa, formula σ obtained from calibration testsv＝σ0-0.086f2.412Obtaining the static equilibrium stress sigma062.2kPa, from the formula σ0＝mzg/A determination of the vibrating mass mz448.3kg, a balancing weight 202 is uniformly arranged in the inner frame 201 to ensure the vibration mass m of the vibration excitation devicez448.3kg, adjusting the frequency converter to make the vibration output frequency f 13.3Hz, obtaining the vibration pressure sigmapv100kPa, valley pressureForce sigmavCarrying out 1000 times of cyclic loading on the test roadbed under the dynamic action of the sine function change of 18kPa, acquiring a roadbed dynamic deformation time course curve by using a data acquisition device 401, and taking a dynamic deformation average value s of 100 times of cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stable2mm, the dynamic stiffness K of the roadbed at the site test position can be obtainedd＝σpv/s2＝100/s2kPa/mm。
It should be noted that calibration is to determine some values in the test for correlation calculation.
And processing and analyzing according to the test data to obtain a test result.
It will be appreciated that the configuration shown in the figures is merely illustrative and that a dynamic test apparatus and method for simulating train loads may include more or fewer components than shown or have a different configuration than shown. The components shown in the figures may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus or method may be implemented in other ways.
The embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowcharts or block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes.
To sum up, the embodiment of the application provides a dynamic test device and method for simulating train load, the device comprises a power module 1, a counterweight module 2, a limiting module 3 and a data acquisition module 4, the power module 1 comprises a double-shaft inertia vibration exciter 101 based on a linear source vibration motor and a frequency converter 102, the vibration exciter 101 is arranged at the top of an inner frame 201 of the counterweight module 2, and the vibration exciter 101 is connected with the frequency converter 102 through a lead; the counterweight module 2 comprises an inner frame 201, a counterweight block 202 placed in the inner frame 201 and a rigid loading plate 203 arranged at the bottom of the inner frame 201; the limiting module 3 comprises an outer frame 301 and a limiting pulley 302 fixed on the outer frame 301, the limiting pulley 302 is abutted against the inner frame 201, and the outer frame 301 is fixed on a roadbed through a ground anchor 303; the data acquisition module 4 comprises a data acquisition device 401 and a vibration displacement meter 402, the data acquisition device 401 comprises a data acquisition instrument 401a and a computer 401b, and the data acquisition instrument 401a is connected with the vibration displacement meter 402 through a lead. According to the law that the vibration pressure and the valley pressure under different eccentric masses change along with the vibration frequency, equipment is installed, parameters are determined, and a device is debugged, so that the change of the dynamic action borne by the roadbed under the train load along with the time is simulated by a sine function, the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed is tested, the device is higher in the accuracy of simulating the roadbed to bear the train load, and is simple and convenient to install, good in test effect and good in stability. In addition, the device for simulating the train load dynamic test is used as a test model, a horizontal test roadbed surface is arranged, the vibration excitation device is arranged on the roadbed, various parameters of the vibration excitation device are set, the eccentric block 101b and the balancing weight 202 are arranged, the vibration excitation device is started to act on the test roadbed surface to generate simulated train load, the roadbed dynamic stiffness of a site test position is determined according to the parameters, and a test result can be analyzed and obtained according to the roadbed dynamic stiffness; the method defines a reasonable working frequency range, can well avoid the asynchronous phenomenon existing in the double-shaft rotation of the vibration exciter 101 under the low-frequency condition, can also avoid large fluctuation of the exciting force output under the high-frequency condition, and improves the accuracy of the exciting force output.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a power test device of simulation train load, its characterized in that, including power module (1), counter weight module (2), spacing module (3), data acquisition module (4) and road bed, power module (1) includes vibration exciter (101) and converter (102), vibration exciter (101) set up in on counter weight module (2), converter (102) through first wire (103) with vibration exciter (101) are connected, spacing module (3) with data acquisition module (4) respectively with counter weight module (2) are connected, spacing module (3) are fixed in on the road bed.
2. A dynamic test device for simulating train load according to claim 1, wherein the exciter (101) comprises a rotating shaft (101a), and the rotating shaft (101a) is provided with a laminated eccentric block (101 b).
3. A dynamic test device for simulating train load as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight module (2) comprises an inner frame (201), a weight block (202) disposed in the inner frame (201), and a rigid loading plate (203) disposed on a bottom plate (201b) of the inner frame (201), and the vibration exciter (101) is disposed on a top plate (201a) of the inner frame (201).
4. A dynamic test device for simulating train load according to claim 3, wherein the limiting module (3) comprises an outer frame (301) and a limiting pulley (302) fixed on the outer frame (301), the limiting pulley (302) abuts against the inner frame (201), and the outer frame (301) is fixed on the roadbed through a ground anchor (303).
5. A dynamic test device for simulating train load according to claim 3, wherein the data acquisition module (4) comprises a data acquisition device (401) and a vibration displacement meter (402), the data acquisition device (401) comprises a data acquisition instrument (401a) and a computer (401b), the data acquisition instrument (401a) is connected with the vibration displacement meter (402) through a second wire (403), and the vibration displacement meter (402) is fixed at the central position of the upper surface of the bottom plate (201b) of the inner frame (201).
6. A dynamic test method for simulating train load is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, setting a horizontal test roadbed surface by using the device for simulating the train load dynamic test as claimed in claim 1 as a test model, and installing an excitation device on the roadbed;
s2, setting parameters of the vibration excitation device, and installing an eccentric block and a balancing weight;
s3, starting the vibration excitation device to act on the test roadbed surface to generate simulated train load, and determining roadbed dynamic stiffness of the site test position according to each parameter;
and S4, analyzing the test result according to the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed.
7. The method for testing the dynamic force of simulating the load of the train as claimed in claim 6, wherein said step S2 comprises:
s21, calibrating the values of the vibration pressure and the valley pressure of the simulation test, selecting the number of eccentric block sets of the vibration exciter and installing the eccentric block sets on the vibration exciter;
s22, determining the output frequency of the excitation device according to the vibration pressure;
s23, determining static balance pressure according to the output frequency and the valley pressure;
and S24, mounting a balancing weight by using static balance pressure.
8. The method for testing the dynamic force of simulating the load of the train as claimed in claim 6, wherein said step S3 comprises:
s31, starting the vibration excitation device, and adjusting the frequency converter according to the output frequency to enable the frequency converter to act on the test roadbed surface, so that the vibration excitation device generates train load with sine function change;
s32, carrying out multiple cyclic loading, obtaining dynamic deformation values of the multiple cyclic loading after the vibration displacement is stable, and calculating the average value of the dynamic deformation values;
and S33, determining the dynamic stiffness of the roadbed at the site test position according to the average value.
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