CN114440820B - Landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114440820B CN114440820B CN202210032026.9A CN202210032026A CN114440820B CN 114440820 B CN114440820 B CN 114440820B CN 202210032026 A CN202210032026 A CN 202210032026A CN 114440820 B CN114440820 B CN 114440820B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/14—Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention provides landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring equipment and a method, wherein a buoy is arranged on a floater, and a positioning unit is arranged on the buoy and used for acquiring coordinate data of the buoy; the anchor ingot is used for being fixed in the underwater slider; the shell is arranged in a hollow mode and is installed on the buoy, the winding wheel hub can be axially and rotatably installed in the shell through the winding wheel shaft, one end of the pull wire is wound on the winding wheel hub, the other end of the pull wire penetrates through the shell and is connected with the anchor, and the driving mechanism drives the winding wheel hub to axially rotate; the stay wire length measuring unit measures the retracting length of the stay wire, the stay wire posture measuring unit measures the stay wire posture, and the stay wire tightness state acquiring unit acquires the tightness state of the stay wire. The change data of the underwater sliding body is obtained through monitoring, and the change of the space state of the underwater deformation point is calculated in an inversion mode by combining the positioning of a water surface buoy, so that the error is reduced; the method avoids the surge interference caused by the dynamic flow velocity of the Yangtze river water, ships and other traffic factors, and improves the accuracy of monitoring the displacement of the underwater sliding body monitoring point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide geological disaster monitoring and prevention and control, in particular to landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring equipment and a method.
Background
The reservoir dams of China are numerous and are mostly distributed in western regions with high altitude, high seismic intensity and complex geological conditions, and bank landslides develop particularly. The landslide monitoring technology is an important method for knowing the landslide deformation evolution law and judging the evolution stage of the landslide deformation evolution law, and is also an important foundation for developing landslide early warning and prevention and protection and guaranteeing engineering construction and people safety.
The underwater deformation characteristic of the bank landslide is an important component of landslide deformation. Under the influence of the rise and fall of reservoir water level, the rock-soil body material is continuously dehydrated and soaked, a large amount of substances are lost, the structure is increasingly loose and fragile, and the physical and mechanical properties of the underwater sliding body are gradually changed. The underwater landslide is easy to deform in advance after long-term reciprocation, deformation monitoring is carried out on the part of the landslide, deformation of the landslide can be monitored earlier than that of the part above water, landslide stability is judged earlier, and more time is obtained for disaster prevention and reduction. Due to technical limitations, existing methods remain blank in the field. It should be noted that the implementation of underwater deformation monitoring is challenging in both economic and technical aspects due to unpredictability of water quality environment changes and interference of water waves generated by traffic factors such as ships.
The underwater landslide deformation characteristics are transmitted to the water surface, and the problems of cruising, influence of fluctuation of the water level of the Yangtze river by 30m, water resistance and the like are solved, so that the underwater landslide deformation characteristics obtained through indirect monitoring is an important solution. According to the thought, the design of a set of landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer device with mature technology and high efficiency and reliability has important significance for monitoring underwater landslide deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring apparatus and method.
The embodiment of the invention provides landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring equipment, which comprises:
the buoy is arranged on a floater, and the floater is used for floating on the water surface;
the positioning unit is arranged on the buoy and used for acquiring coordinate data of the buoy;
the anchor ingot is fixed in the underwater sliding body and deforms in cooperation with the underwater sliding body;
the wire drawing device comprises a shell, a winding wheel hub, a drawing wire and a driving mechanism, wherein the shell is arranged in a hollow mode and is installed on the buoy, the winding wheel hub can be axially and rotatably installed in the shell through a winding wheel shaft, one end of the drawing wire is wound on the winding wheel hub, the other end of the drawing wire penetrates through the shell to be connected with the anchor ingot, the driving mechanism drives the winding wheel hub to axially rotate, and the drawing wire is driven to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub so that the drawing wire is always in a tensioning state;
the stay wire length measuring unit is arranged on the stay wire device and used for measuring the retracting length of the stay wire;
the wire pulling posture measuring unit is arranged on the wire pulling device and used for measuring the wire pulling posture; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the stay tightness state acquisition unit is fixedly connected with the stay device and is used for acquiring the stay tightness state.
Further, the wire length measuring unit includes:
the counting wheel hub can be axially arranged in the shell through a counting wheel shaft, a limiting guide groove is formed in the counting wheel hub, and the stay wire is wound on the limiting guide groove;
the permanent magnet is fixed on the counting wheel shaft or the counting wheel hub; and (c) a second step of,
the encoder is fixed in the shell and is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet, the driving mechanism drives the stay wire to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub, the counting wheel hub and the counting wheel shaft are driven to rotate, the permanent magnet rotates relative to the encoder, and the encoder measures the rotating angle of the counting wheel hub to obtain the winding and unwinding length of the stay wire.
Furthermore, the limiting guide groove is spiral and is arranged roughly; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
and a limiting part of the limiting device is positioned on one side of the limiting guide groove and is propped against the pull wire in the limiting guide groove.
Further, the wire attitude measurement unit includes:
the suspension pipe is connected with the shell through a suspension wire, a channel for the stay wire to pass through is arranged in the suspension pipe, and the inner diameter of the channel is matched with the diameter of the stay wire so that the suspension pipe can incline along with the stay wire; and (c) a second step of,
and the three-axis accelerometer is fixed on the suspension pipe and is used for measuring the attitude of the suspension pipe.
Furthermore, the stay wire tightness state acquisition unit comprises an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor, the upper liquid level sensor is flush with the top of the floating object, and the lower liquid level sensor is positioned above the water surface when the whole device is only under the action of gravity and buoyancy; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving gear is fixed on a driving shaft of the driving motor, a driven gear is fixed on a winding wheel shaft of the winding wheel hub and meshed with the driving gear, and the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate to drive the driven gear and the winding wheel hub to rotate, so that the pull wire is driven to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub.
The main machine is arranged on the buoy and is electrically connected with the positioning unit, the stay wire length measuring unit, the stay wire posture measuring unit, the stay wire tightness state acquiring unit and the driving mechanism, and the main machine controls the driving mechanism to drive the winding hub to rotate according to the tightness state of the stay wire so that the stay wire is always in a tensioning state; the host acquires coordinate data of the buoy, the stay wire retracting length and the stay wire posture, and is provided with a communication module which is connected with an antenna for external communication; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the positioning unit comprises a fluxgate magnetometer and a GPS module, the fluxgate magnetometer is installed on the buoy and used for measuring the azimuth angle of the buoy in real time, and the GPS module is used for positioning the buoy.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a power supply battery, wherein the power supply battery is electrically connected with the electric equipment of the whole device and supplies power to the electric equipment.
Further, still include solar panel, solar panel with buoy fixed connection, and with the power supply battery electricity is connected.
Furthermore, the two opposite sides of the buoy are fixedly connected with suspension plates to form the floater, and the suspension plates are provided with the solar panels.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring method, which is based on the landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring equipment and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing an anchor ingot in an underwater sliding body in a monitoring area to enable the anchor ingot and the underwater sliding body to cooperatively deform;
s2, fixedly connecting the stay wire with the anchor ingot, acquiring the tightness state of the stay wire through a stay wire tightness state acquisition unit, driving a winding wheel hub to rotate by using a driving mechanism to enable the stay wire to be in a tensioning state, and measuring the winding and unwinding length of the stay wire by using a stay wire length measuring unit to obtain the length of the stay wire, so that the distance between the anchor ingot and a stay wire device is obtained;
s3, acquiring coordinate data of the buoy by using the positioning unit, and acquiring coordinate data of the wire drawing device according to the relative position of the buoy and the wire drawing device;
s4, measuring the gesture of the stay wire by using a stay wire gesture measuring unit, and calculating in real time to obtain the current spatial position coordinate of the anchor ingot through three-dimensional spatial coordinate conversion;
s5, when the underwater sliding body deforms to enable the position of the anchor ingot to change, monitoring of the deformation state of the slope surface of the underwater sliding body can be achieved based on long-term monitoring and differential calculation.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the underwater sliding body change data are obtained through monitoring, and the spatial state change of the underwater deformation point is calculated in an inversion mode by combining the positioning of the water surface buoy, so that the error is reduced; the method avoids the surge interference caused by the dynamic flow velocity of the Yangtze river water, ships and other traffic factors, and improves the accuracy of monitoring the displacement of the underwater sliding body monitoring point. The wire drawing device has larger wire drawing redundant length, can be suitable for the condition of periodic fluctuation of 30m water level in the Yangtze river reservoir area, and enriches the use scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the float, buoy and line drawing device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the float of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the interior of the wiredrawing apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional top view of the suspension pipe of FIG. 1;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring method provided by the invention.
In the figure: the floating object 1, the fixing support 11, the solar panel 12, the buoy 2, the main machine 21, the power supply battery 22, the antenna 23, the partition plate 24, the positioning unit 3, the fluxgate magnetometer 31, the GPS module 32, the anchor 4, the wire pulling device 5, the housing 51, the first support 51a, the second support 51b, the mounting support 51c, the wire winding hub 52, the wire 53, the driving mechanism 54, the driving motor 54a, the driving gear 54b, the driven gear 54c, the wire winding wheel shaft 55, the stopper 56, the wire length measuring unit 6, the counting hub 61, the limiting guide groove 61a, the permanent magnet 62, the encoder 63, the counting wheel shaft 64, the wire pulling posture measuring unit 7, the suspension pipe 71, the channel 71a, the triaxial accelerometer 72, the suspension wire 73, the wire pulling tightness state acquiring unit 8, the upper liquid level sensor 81, the lower liquid level sensor 82, and the water surface 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring apparatus, including a floater 1, a buoy 2, a positioning unit 3, an anchor 4, a wire pulling device 5, a wire pulling length measuring unit 6, a wire pulling posture measuring unit 7, and a wire pulling tightness state obtaining unit 8.
The buoy 2 is arranged on a floater 1, and the floater 1 is used for floating on the water surface 9; the positioning unit 3 is arranged on the buoy 2 and used for acquiring coordinate data of the buoy 2; the anchor 4 is fixed in the underwater sliding body and deforms with the underwater sliding body in a coordinated mode, and the anchor 4 can be a regular mass heavy block body cast by concrete or a non-embroidered metal material.
Referring to fig. 4, the wire drawing device 5 includes a housing 51, a winding hub 52, a drawing wire 53 and a driving mechanism 54, wherein the housing 51 is hollow and is mounted on the buoy 2, the winding hub 52 is axially and rotatably mounted in the housing 51 through a winding axle 55, specifically, two first brackets 51a are fixed on an inner wall of the housing 51, two ends of the winding axle 55 are mounted on the first brackets 51a, and the winding axle 55 can also be directly mounted on an inner wall of the housing 51. One end of the pull wire 53 is wound on the winding hub 52, the other end of the pull wire passes through the shell 51 to be connected with the anchor 4, the driving mechanism 54 drives the winding hub 52 to rotate axially, and the pull wire 53 is driven to be wound and unwound on the winding hub 52, so that the pull wire 53 is always in a tensioning state.
The stay wire length measuring unit 6 is arranged on the stay wire device 5 and is used for measuring the retracting length of the stay wire 53; the stay wire posture measuring unit 7 is arranged on the stay wire device 5 and used for measuring the posture of the stay wire 53; the stay tightness state acquisition unit 8 is fixedly connected with the stay device 5 and is used for acquiring the tightness state of the stay 53.
In this embodiment, the stay device 5 is fixed to the bottom of the buoy 2, the housing 51 is a rectangular parallelepiped and made of metal, and the top of the housing 51 is fixedly connected to the buoy 2 through screws or 3M glue. The pull wire 53 penetrates out of the bottom of the shell 51, so that the pull wire 53 is prevented from being bent or bent, and the pull wire 53 is convenient to retract.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the positioning unit 3 includes a fluxgate magnetometer 31 and a GPS module 32, the fluxgate magnetometer 31 is installed on the buoy 2 for measuring the azimuth of the buoy 2 in real time, and the GPS module 32 is used for positioning the buoy 2. In this embodiment, the buoy 2 is hollow, the interior of the buoy 2 is provided with a containing cavity, the buoy 2 is made of teflon plastics, the 3D printing forming is performed, the GPS module 32 is fixed in the containing cavity, the fluxgate magnetometer 31 is installed at the central position of the inner top wall of the buoy 2, and coordinate data of the buoy 2 in a geodetic coordinate system can be obtained by measuring an azimuth angle by using the fluxgate magnetometer 31.
The landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device further comprises a host 21, a power supply battery 22 and a solar panel 12.
The main machine 21 is installed in the buoy 2, specifically in the accommodating cavity of the buoy 2, and is electrically connected with the positioning unit 3, the stay wire length measuring unit 6, the stay wire attitude measuring unit 7, the stay wire tightness state acquiring unit 8 and the driving mechanism 54, a through hole through which a power supply line passes is formed in the top of the shell 51, and the through hole is sealed by a sealant. The main machine 21 controls the driving mechanism 54 to drive the winding hub 52 to rotate according to the tightness state of the stay wire 53, so that the stay wire 53 is always in a tensioning state, and the main machine 21 acquires coordinate data of the buoy 2, the winding and unwinding length of the stay wire 53 and the posture of the stay wire 53. The host 21 is provided with a communication module, which can be a 4G module, and can be selected as an FCU1104 embedded control unit, and the communication module is connected with an antenna 23 (which can be a 4G antenna) for external communication. The host 21 is mainly used for operation control, data acquisition and analysis and data transmission of all components in the landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring equipment.
The power supply battery 22 is electrically connected with the electric equipment of the whole device to supply power for the electric equipment, and the power supply battery 22 is a lithium battery and is fixed at the bottom in the buoy 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the solar panel 12 is fixedly connected to the buoy 2 and electrically connected to the power supply battery 22, and the solar panel 12 is installed on the suspension plate, in this embodiment, the solar panels 12 are installed on the suspension plates on both sides of the buoy 2, so as to ensure the stability of the buoy 2.
In order to facilitate the installation of the positioning unit 3, the main machine 21 and the like, the buoy 2 is formed by assembling an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, a partition plate 24 is arranged in the buoy 2, the GPS module 32 and the antenna 23 are fixed on the partition plate 24, and in order to ensure the waterproofness of the buoy 2, the buoy 2 is sealed by sealing glue after all parts are installed, so that the buoy 2 is waterproof.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the driving mechanism 54 includes a driving motor 54a, a driving gear 54b is fixed on a driving shaft of the driving motor 54a, a driven gear 54c is fixed on a winding wheel shaft 55 of the winding wheel hub 52, the driven gear 54c is engaged with the driving gear 54b, the driving motor 54a drives the driving gear 54b to rotate, and drives the driven gear 54c and the winding wheel hub 52 to rotate, so as to drive the pulling wire 53 to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub 52. In order to ensure stable rotation of the winding hub 52, the driving mechanism 54 has two sets of driven gears 54c respectively provided at both ends of the winding wheel shaft 55, and a driving gear 54b engaged with the driven gears 54c is fixed to each driving motor 54 a.
The wire length measuring unit 6 includes a counting hub 61, a permanent magnet 62, and an encoder 63.
The counting wheel 61 is axially mounted in the housing 51 through a counting wheel shaft 64, specifically, two second brackets 51b are fixed on the inner bottom wall of the housing 51, two ends of the counting wheel shaft 64 are mounted on the second brackets 51b, the counting wheel shaft 64 can also be directly mounted on the inner side wall of the housing 51, and the counting wheel shaft 64 is located right below the winding wheel shaft 55. A limiting guide groove 61a is arranged on the counting hub 61, and the stay wire 53 is wound on the limiting guide groove 61 a; the permanent magnet 62 is fixed on the counting wheel shaft 64 or the counting wheel hub 61, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 62 is magnetic steel and is embedded at one end of the counting wheel shaft 64; the encoder 63 is fixed in the housing 51 and is disposed opposite to the permanent magnet 62, specifically, a mounting bracket 51c is fixed in the housing 51, and the encoder 63 is embedded in the mounting bracket 51 c. The driving mechanism 54 drives the pull wire 53 to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub 52, and drives the counting wheel hub 61 and the counting wheel shaft 64 to rotate, so that the permanent magnet 62 rotates relative to the encoder 63, and the encoder 63 measures the rotation angle of the counting wheel hub 61 to obtain the winding and unwinding length of the pull wire 53.
The encoder 63 is electrically connected with the host 21, the encoder 63 has high precision, 4096 pulses can be generated by one rotation of the encoder 63 relative to the magnetic steel, the high-precision measurement of the rotation angle of the counting hub 61 can be realized, and the measurement of the length of the stay wire 53 is further realized.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the limiting guide groove 61a is spirally and roughly arranged, the housing 51 is internally provided with a limiter 56, the limiting part of the limiter 56 is located at one side of the limiting guide groove 61a and abuts against the pull wire 53 in the limiting guide groove 61a, so that the pull wire 53 is always located in the limiting guide groove 61a when the counting hub 61 rotates, and the pull wire 53 does not slide in a staggered manner with the winding hub 52. The pull wire 53 may be a 0.2 # 4 braided pe wire or other lightweight, thin, high strength, rough surfaced wire. The drive motor 54a is a stepper motor that operates at a relatively slow speed to avoid slippage between the cable 53 and the counting hub 61.
In other embodiments, the stay wire length measuring unit 6 may include a camera and an image processing module connected to each other, the camera is installed in the housing 51 and is opposite to the stay wire 53 at the outlet of the housing 51, scales are provided on the stay wire 53, the camera is used to acquire an image of the stay wire 53, the image processing module is used to process the acquired image, the scales on the stay wire 53 are acquired, the distance between the anchor 4 and the outlet of the housing 51 can be obtained, and then the coordinate data of the anchor 4 can be obtained according to the relative position between the outlet of the housing 51 and the buoy 2.
The stay wire attitude measurement unit 7 comprises a suspension pipe 71 and a triaxial accelerometer 72; the suspension pipe 71 is connected with the shell 51 through a suspension wire 73, a channel 71a for the pull wire 53 to pass through is arranged in the suspension pipe 71, the inner diameter of the channel 71a is matched with the diameter of the pull wire 53, so that the suspension pipe 71 follows the inclination of the pull wire 53, the interior of the suspension pipe 71 is hollowed out, the mass of the suspension pipe 71 can be reduced, and the influence on the inclination of the pull wire 53 is avoided. The triaxial accelerometer 72 is fixed on the suspension pipe 71, electrically connected with the host 21, and used for measuring the posture of the suspension pipe 71. The inner diameter of the suspension tube 71 is slightly larger than the pull wire 53 and the inner wall is smooth so that the pull wire 53 can pass through the suspension tube 71 but the movement is not affected.
The suspension tube 71 is made of a POLYMSJ material, is formed by 3D printing, and is fixed to the bottom center of the housing 51 by four suspension wires 73. Since the suspension pipe 71 is tilted following the wire 53, the attitude of the suspension pipe 71 is measured by the three-axis accelerometer 72, and the attitude of the wire 53 can be obtained, and the three-axis accelerometer 72 may be provided with one or more. In other embodiments, the three-axis accelerometer 72 may be replaced with a three-axis gyroscope or a three-axis magnetoresistive sensor.
The stay wire tightness state acquisition unit 8 comprises an upper liquid level sensor 81 and a lower liquid level sensor 82, the upper liquid level sensor 81 is flush with the top of the floater 1, and the lower liquid level sensor 82 is positioned above the water surface 9 when the whole device is only under the action of gravity and buoyancy. The lower level sensor 82 and the upper level sensor 81 are electrically connected to the main unit 21. The upper level sensor 81 and the lower level sensor 82 may be mounted on the float 1 or may be mounted on the housing 51, and in this embodiment, the upper level sensor 81 and the lower level sensor 82 are mounted on the housing 51, and the upper level sensor 81 and the lower level sensor 82 are photoelectric level sensors. The equipment inside and outside the housing 51 is subjected to waterproofing treatment using a waterproof material or by sealing with a glue.
Utilize level sensor 81 and level sensor 82 down to sense its relative position with the surface of water 9, the reservoir water level descends, and the equilibrium point of whole device flushes with surface of water 9, and 53 act as go-between is in loose state, and whole device only receives the effect of gravity, buoyancy, does not receive 53 pulling force of acting as go-between, because level sensor 82 is located more than whole device equilibrium point down for level sensor 82 is located more than the surface of water 9 down. Therefore, when the lower level sensor 82 is located above the water surface 9, it can be determined that the wire 53 is in a slack state, and the drive mechanism 54 drives the winding hub 52 to rotate so that the wire 53 is wound around the winding hub 52 and the wire 53 is tensioned. When the lower level sensor 82 is below the water level 9, the tension of the cable 53 is ensured and the drive mechanism 54 is deactivated.
The reservoir level rises and the entire device is fixed at the original height below the water surface 9 by the pull line 53, so that the float 1 is under water. Therefore, when the upper level sensor 81 is positioned below the water surface 9, the winding hub 52 is driven by the driving mechanism 54 to rotate the unwinding string 53 in the reverse direction, so that the upper level sensor 81 and the top of the float 1 are exposed to the water surface 9.
In other embodiments, the pulling wire 53 may have two segments, and the two segments of the pulling wire 53 are connected by a tension sensor, and if the pulling wire 53 is in a loose state, the tension measured by the tension sensor is small, and by monitoring the tension measured by the tension sensor, it can be determined whether the pulling wire 53 is in a tensioned state.
Based on the landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device, the embodiment of the invention also provides a landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing an anchor 4 in an underwater sliding body in a monitoring area, and enabling the anchor 4 and the underwater sliding body to cooperatively deform;
specifically, early-stage exploration work is completed based on geological investigation or radar scanning and the like, and an underwater region with strong deformation is determined to be used as a monitoring region. The anchor 4 is fixed on the surface of the underwater sliding body of the monitoring area at a certain depth position by means of divers or engineering auxiliary equipment, and can be deformed in cooperation with the underwater sliding body by pouring underwater concrete or other modes.
S2, the stay wire 53 is fixedly connected with the anchor ingot 4, the tightness state of the stay wire 53 is obtained through the stay wire tightness state obtaining unit 8, the driving mechanism 54 is used for driving the winding wheel hub 52 to rotate, so that the stay wire 53 is in a tensioning state, the stay wire length measuring unit 6 is used for measuring the winding and unwinding length of the stay wire 53, and the length of the stay wire 53 can be obtained, so that the distance between the anchor ingot 4 and the stay wire device 5 is obtained;
s3, acquiring coordinate data of the buoy 2 by using the positioning unit 3, and acquiring coordinate data of the wire drawing device 5 according to the relative position of the buoy 2 and the wire drawing device 5;
s4, measuring the posture of the stay wire 53 by using the stay wire posture measuring unit 7, and calculating in real time to obtain the current space position coordinate of the anchor 4 through three-dimensional space coordinate conversion;
specifically, the device is lowered through a ship, the relative position of the device and the water surface 9 is sensed by an upper liquid level sensor 81 and a lower liquid level sensor 82, when the lower liquid level sensor 82 is located above the water surface 9, a pull wire 53 is in a loose state, a host 21 controls a driving motor 54a to drive a winding wheel hub 52 to rotate and take up the wire, and the pull wire 53 is pulled to be shortened until the dragged floater 1 sinks to the position that the lower liquid level sensor 82 is located below the water surface 9 and stops working; when the upper liquid level sensor 81 is below the water surface 9, the main machine 21 controls the driving motor 54a to drive the winding wheel hub 52 to rotate reversely until the upper liquid level sensor 81 is exposed from the water surface 9. In the process, the counting hub 61 is matched with the encoder 63 through magnetic steel in the counting wheel shaft 64, and the length of the stay wire 53 is sensed to change in real time.
The guy 53 is tensioned and stretched straight, but the plumb cannot be guaranteed under the impact force of the water flow in the Yangtze river and the surge generated by traffic load. At this time, since the pulling wire 53 passes through the hanging tube 71, the hanging tube 71 is tilted in the same direction. The attitude of the boom 71 is sensed by the triaxial accelerometer 72, and the spatial attitude of the wire 53 (including the inclination angle and inclination of the wire 53) can be indirectly obtained.
The azimuth angle of the buoy 2 is measured in real time through the fluxgate magnetometer 31, the space coordinates (xGt 0, yGt0 and zGt 0) of the buoy are measured in real time through the GPS module 32, and the current space position coordinates (xDt 0, yDt0 and zDt 0) of the anchor 4 can be obtained through real-time calculation through simple three-dimensional space coordinate conversion after the height h0 from the GPS module 32 to the bottom position of the shell 51, the real-time space attitude of the stay wire 53 and the length from the bottom position of the stay wire device 5 to the real-time stay wire 53 of the anchor 4 are obtained.
S5, when the underwater sliding body deforms to enable the position of the anchor 4 to change, monitoring of the deformation state of the slope surface of the underwater sliding body can be achieved based on long-term monitoring and differential calculation.
According to the invention, the change data of the underwater slide body is obtained through monitoring, and the spatial state change of the underwater deformation point is calculated in an inversion way by combining the positioning of the buoy 2 on the water surface 9, so that the error is reduced; the method avoids the surge interference caused by the dynamic flow velocity of the Yangtze river water, ships and other traffic factors, and improves the accuracy of monitoring the displacement of the underwater sliding body monitoring point. The stay wire device 5 has larger redundancy length of the stay wire 53, can be suitable for the condition of periodic fluctuation of the water level of 30 meters in the reservoir area of Yangtze river, and enriches the use scenes. The stay wire length measuring unit 6 realizes the calculation of the change length of the stay wire 53 by the matching of the counting hub 61 and the encoder 63, avoids the error of length calculation caused by the change of the winding radius, and further improves the precision and the reliability of the measuring device.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device, comprising:
the buoy is arranged on a floater, and the floater is used for floating on the water surface;
the positioning unit is arranged on the buoy and used for acquiring coordinate data of the buoy;
the anchor ingot is fixed in the underwater sliding body and deforms with the underwater sliding body in a coordinated manner;
the wire pulling device comprises a shell, a winding wheel hub, a pulling wire and a driving mechanism, wherein the shell is arranged in a hollow mode and is installed on the buoy, the winding wheel hub can be axially and rotatably installed in the shell through a winding wheel shaft, one end of the pulling wire is wound on the winding wheel hub, the other end of the pulling wire penetrates through the shell and is connected with the anchor, the driving mechanism drives the winding wheel hub to axially rotate, and the pulling wire is driven to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub so that the pulling wire is always in a tensioning state;
the stay wire length measuring unit is arranged on the stay wire device and used for measuring the retracting length of the stay wire;
the wire pulling posture measuring unit is arranged on the wire pulling device and used for measuring the wire pulling posture; and the number of the first and second groups,
the stay wire tightness state acquisition unit is fixedly connected with the stay wire device and used for acquiring the stay wire tightness state;
wherein, the stay wire attitude measurement unit includes:
the suspension pipe is connected with the shell through a suspension wire, a channel for the stay wire to pass through is arranged in the suspension pipe, the inner diameter of the channel is matched with the diameter of the stay wire, the channel of the suspension pipe is slightly larger than the diameter of the stay wire, and the inner wall of the channel is smooth, so that the suspension pipe can incline along with the stay wire; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the triaxial accelerometer is fixed on the suspension pipe and used for measuring the attitude of the suspension pipe.
2. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring apparatus of claim 1 wherein the pull wire length measuring unit comprises:
the counting wheel hub can be axially arranged in the shell through a counting wheel shaft, a limiting guide groove is formed in the counting wheel hub, and the stay wire is wound on the limiting guide groove;
the permanent magnet is fixed on the counting wheel shaft or the counting wheel hub; and the number of the first and second groups,
the encoder is fixed in the shell and is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet, the driving mechanism drives the stay wire to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub, the counting wheel hub and the counting wheel shaft are driven to rotate, the permanent magnet rotates relative to the encoder, and the encoder measures the rotating angle of the counting wheel hub to obtain the winding and unwinding length of the stay wire.
3. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring device of claim 2 wherein the limiting guide channel is helical and is arranged roughly; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and a limiting part of the limiting device is positioned on one side of the limiting guide groove and is abutted against the pull wire in the limiting guide groove.
4. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring device of claim 1 wherein the pull line tightness state acquisition unit comprises an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor, the upper liquid level sensor is flush with the top of the float, and the lower liquid level sensor is above the water surface when the entire device is subjected to only gravity and buoyancy; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving gear is fixed on a driving shaft of the driving motor, a driven gear is fixed on a winding wheel shaft of the winding wheel hub and meshed with the driving gear, and the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate to drive the driven gear and the winding wheel hub to rotate, so that the pull wire is driven to be wound and unwound on the winding wheel hub.
5. The landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a host, wherein the host is mounted on the buoy and electrically connected with the positioning unit, the stay wire length measuring unit, the stay wire attitude measuring unit, the stay wire tightness state acquiring unit and the driving mechanism, and the host controls the driving mechanism to drive the winding hub to rotate according to the tightness state of the stay wire so that the stay wire is always in a tensioned state; the host acquires coordinate data of the buoy, the stay wire retracting length and the stay wire posture, and is provided with a communication module which is connected with an antenna for external communication; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the positioning unit comprises a fluxgate magnetometer and a GPS module, the fluxgate magnetometer is installed on the buoy and used for measuring the azimuth angle of the buoy in real time, and the GPS module is used for positioning the buoy.
6. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring device of claim 1 further comprising a power supply battery electrically connected to the electrical consumers of the overall apparatus to power the electrical consumers.
7. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring device of claim 6 further comprising a solar panel fixedly connected with the buoy and electrically connected with the power supply battery.
8. The landslide underwater deformation feature transfer monitoring device of claim 7 wherein a float plate is fixedly connected to each of opposite sides of the buoy to form the float, the float plate having the solar panel mounted thereon.
9. A landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring method based on the landslide underwater deformation characteristic transfer monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, fixing an anchor ingot in an underwater sliding body in a monitoring area to enable the anchor ingot and the underwater sliding body to cooperatively deform;
s2, fixedly connecting the stay wire with the anchor spindle, acquiring the tightness state of the stay wire through a stay wire tightness state acquisition unit, driving a winding wheel hub to rotate by using a driving mechanism to enable the stay wire to be in a tensioning state, and measuring the winding and unwinding lengths of the stay wire by using a stay wire length measurement unit to obtain the length of the stay wire, so that the distance between the anchor spindle and the stay wire device is obtained;
s3, acquiring coordinate data of the buoy by using the positioning unit, and acquiring coordinate data of the wire drawing device according to the relative position of the buoy and the wire drawing device;
s4, measuring the gesture of the stay wire by using a stay wire gesture measuring unit, and calculating in real time to obtain the current spatial position coordinate of the anchor ingot through three-dimensional spatial coordinate conversion;
s5, when the underwater sliding body deforms to enable the position of the anchor ingot to change, monitoring of the deformation state of the slope surface of the underwater sliding body can be achieved based on long-term monitoring and differential calculation.
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