CN114440221A - TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation and gasification incineration method - Google Patents
TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation and gasification incineration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114440221A CN114440221A CN202210062265.9A CN202210062265A CN114440221A CN 114440221 A CN114440221 A CN 114440221A CN 202210062265 A CN202210062265 A CN 202210062265A CN 114440221 A CN114440221 A CN 114440221A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
Abstract
The invention discloses a TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation and a gasification incineration method. The TFB gasification incinerator comprises: the gasification section, the primary trapezoidal separation area, the combustion area, the secondary trapezoidal separation area and the heat exchange area are sequentially communicated; a plurality of first-stage trapezoidal separators are arranged in the first-stage trapezoidal separation area, the cross sectional area of the lower section of the first-stage trapezoidal separation area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a first ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the first-stage trapezoidal separation area; the bottom of combustion area and the bottom of heat transfer district constitute second grade trapezoidal disengagement zone jointly, are equipped with a plurality of second grade trapezoidal separators in the second grade trapezoidal zone, and the cross-sectional area of second grade trapezoidal disengagement zone from top to bottom reduces gradually, and the bottom of second grade trapezoidal disengagement zone is equipped with the second ash hole. The invention effectively reduces the amount of fly ash by arranging the two-stage trapezoidal separation areas to gradually separate the ash content in the flue gas, thereby not only reducing the abrasion of the heat-conducting oil coil pipe caused by the fly ash, but also avoiding the ash accumulation and the slag bonding of the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of gasification combustion, and in particular, the present invention relates to a TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation and a gasification incineration method.
Background
The garbage incineration is the most preferable way for reducing, recycling/harmlessness of solid wastes. The existing waste incinerator mainly comprises fixed bed type incinerator, fluidized bed type incinerator, rotary kiln type incinerator and pyrolysis type incinerator. The main technical means for treating waste material by the fluidized bed type incinerator are as follows: under the action of primary air, the waste is blown up and suspended to form a fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed is used as a heat carrier to burn the waste entering the furnace. Turbulent Fluidized Bed (TFB) is one of the effective means for gasifying waste, however, existing turbulent fluidized bed gasification incinerators remain to be improved. Particularly, the garbage can generate a large amount of ash in the gasification and combustion processes in the gasification incinerator, so that the heat conduction oil coil pipe can be abraded, and meanwhile, the ash can be deposited and slag can be formed on the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to propose a TFB gasification incinerator and a gasification incineration process with two-stage separation. Through the arrangement of the two-stage trapezoidal separation areas, ash in the flue gas is separated step by step, the amount of fly ash is effectively reduced, the abrasion of the heat conduction oil coil pipe caused by the fly ash is reduced, and the ash accumulation and slagging of the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft are avoided.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation comprises: the gasification section, the primary trapezoidal separation area, the combustion area, the secondary trapezoidal separation area and the heat exchange area are sequentially communicated;
the bottom of the gasification section is provided with a primary air distribution device and a slag outlet, the side part of the gasification section is provided with a feeding device, and the feeding device is suitable for supplying solid waste to the gasification section;
the top of the primary trapezoidal separation area is communicated with the top of the gasification section, a plurality of primary trapezoidal separators are arranged in the primary trapezoidal separation area, the cross sectional area of the lower section of the primary trapezoidal separation area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a first ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the primary trapezoidal separation area;
the top of the combustion zone is communicated with the top of the primary trapezoidal separation zone, and a secondary air distribution device is arranged on the side part of the combustion zone;
the bottom of the combustion area and the bottom of the heat exchange area jointly form the second-stage trapezoidal separation area, a plurality of second-stage trapezoidal separators are arranged in the second-stage trapezoidal separation area, the cross sectional area of the second-stage trapezoidal separation area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a second ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the second-stage trapezoidal separation area.
According to the TFB gasification incinerator with the two-stage separation, the two-stage trapezoidal separation zones are arranged, ash in smoke is separated step by step, the amount of fly ash is effectively reduced, the abrasion of the heat conduction oil coil pipe caused by the fly ash is reduced, and ash accumulation and slagging of the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft are avoided. Meanwhile, the two-stage trapezoidal separation areas have the advantage of compact structure. In addition, trapezoidal separation has the advantage of low resistance.
In addition, the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the first-stage trapezoidal separator extends in a vertical direction, the cross section of the first-stage trapezoidal separator in a horizontal direction is spiral, a first opening is formed between an inner wall of an outermost spiral and an outer wall of an adjacent spiral of the outermost spiral, and the first opening is arranged on a windward side.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distance h between the inner wall of the outermost spiral forming the first opening and the outer wall of the outermost adjacent spiral is (0.5-1.0) d, said d being the equivalent diameter of the helical cross-section.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent ladder separators of the first stage is (0.8-1.2) d.
In some embodiments of the invention, the secondary ladder separator extends in a vertical direction, the secondary ladder separator includes a first flap, a second flap, and a third flap, one end of the second flap is connected to one end of the first flap, the other end of the second flap is connected to one end of the third flap, a second opening is formed between the other end of the first flap and the other end of the third flap, and the second opening is disposed on a windward side.
In some embodiments of the invention, the length a of the second opening in the direction of the first flap is (0.4-0.8) W, where W is the distance from the intersection of the second flap and the third flap to the first flap.
In some embodiments of the invention, the other end of the third flap has a length b of (0.2-0.4) W beyond the intersection of the third flap and the extension of the first flap.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent two of the two-stage trapezoidal separators is (0.8-1.2) W.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the gasification section sequentially includes an equal cross-sectional area, a divergent area, an equal cross-sectional area, and a convergent area from top to bottom, the first feeding device is disposed at a side portion of the divergent area, and a heat conducting oil coil is disposed in the equal cross-sectional area.
In some embodiments of the invention, a heat transfer oil coil is disposed within the heat exchange zone.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: and the tail gas flue is connected with a flue gas outlet after heat exchange of the heat exchange area, and a coal economizer and an air preheater are arranged in the tail gas flue.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a waste gasification incineration process implemented using the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation of the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste gasification incineration method includes: (1) feeding the waste materials to a gasification section by using a feeding device for turbulent gasification to obtain gasification flue gas and gasification waste residues; (2) the gasified flue gas enters a primary trapezoidal separation zone to carry out primary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after the primary gas-solid separation; (3) enabling the flue gas after the primary gas-solid separation to enter a combustion area for combustion to obtain the combusted flue gas; (4) enabling the burned flue gas to enter a secondary trapezoidal separation area for secondary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after secondary gas-solid separation; (5) and enabling the flue gas subjected to secondary gas-solid separation to enter a heat exchange area for heat exchange to obtain the flue gas subjected to heat exchange. Therefore, the method adopts the two-stage trapezoidal separation area to separate ash content in the flue gas step by step, thereby effectively reducing the amount of fly ash, not only reducing the abrasion of the heat-conducting oil coil pipe caused by the fly ash, but also avoiding the ash accumulation and the slag bonding of the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator with two stage separation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator with two stage separation according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a projected top view along the A-A direction of a primary trapezoidal separation region in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a projected top view in the direction B-B of a two-stage trapezoidal separation region according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a one-stage trapezoidal separator according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-stage trapezoidal separator according to one embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
10-gasification section, 20-primary trapezoidal separation section, 30-combustion section, 40-secondary trapezoidal separation section, 50-heat exchange section, 60-tail gas flue, 11-slag outlet, 12-primary air distribution device, 13-feeding device, 21-primary trapezoidal separator, 22-first ash outlet, 211-first opening, 31-secondary air distribution device, 41-secondary trapezoidal separator, 42-second ash outlet, 411-first folded plate, 412-second folded plate, 413-third folded plate, 414-second opening, 51-first flue gas outlet, 61-coal economizer, 62-air preheater and 63-second flue gas outlet.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation. Referring to fig. 1, the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: the gasification section 10, the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20, the combustion zone 30, the secondary trapezoidal separation zone 40 and the heat exchange zone 50 are communicated in sequence; the bottom of the gasification section 10 is provided with a primary air distribution device 12 and a slag outlet 11, the side part of the gasification section 10 is provided with a feeding device 13, and the feeding device 13 is suitable for supplying solid waste to the gasification section 10; the top of the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20 is communicated with the top of the gasification zone 10, a plurality of primary trapezoidal separators 21 are arranged in the primary trapezoidal separation zone, the cross sectional area of the lower section of the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a first ash outlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20; the top of the combustion zone 30 is communicated with the top of the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20, and a secondary air distribution device 31 is arranged on the side of the combustion zone 30; the bottom of the combustion zone 30 and the bottom of the heat exchange zone 50 jointly form the second-stage trapezoidal separation zone 40, a plurality of second-stage trapezoidal separators 41 are arranged in the second-stage trapezoidal separation zone, the cross-sectional area of the second-stage trapezoidal separation zone 40 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a second ash outlet 42 is arranged at the bottom of the second-stage trapezoidal separation zone 40. Therefore, the ash in the flue gas is separated step by arranging the two-stage trapezoidal separation areas, the fly ash amount is effectively reduced, the abrasion of the heat-conducting oil coil pipe caused by the fly ash is reduced, and the ash accumulation and slagging of the heating surface of the tail vertical shaft are avoided. Meanwhile, the two-stage trapezoidal separation areas have the advantage of compact structure. In addition, trapezoidal separation has the advantage of low resistance.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 and 5, the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21 extends in a vertical direction, the cross section of the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21 in a horizontal direction is spiral, a first opening 211 is formed between an inner wall of an outermost spiral and an outer wall of an adjacent spiral of the outermost spiral, and the first opening 211 is disposed on a windward side, so that the flue gas obtained by gasification enters the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21 through the first opening 211, gas-solid separation is performed under the action of a spiral wall of the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21, the gas moves towards the combustion zone 30, and ash moves downwards along the spiral wall of the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21 until reaching the first ash outlet 22 and is discharged out of the gasification incinerator through the first ash outlet 22, thereby achieving gas-solid separation, and the gas-solid separation efficiency of the first-stage ladder-shaped separator 21 is high. In addition, the one-stage trapezoidal separation area 20 also has the advantage of compact structure. The windward side refers to the side of the top of the primary trapezoidal separation zone 20 near the top of the gasification section 10.
According to still some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, a distance h between an inner wall of the outermost spiral forming the first opening 211 and an outer wall of an adjacent spiral of the outermost spiral is (0.5-1.0) d, where d is an equivalent diameter of a spiral cross section, so that ash-containing gas flows along the spiral inner wall, and abrasion is reduced.
According to further embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent ladder separators 21 is (0.8-1.2) d, thereby effectively preventing the outer wall of the ladder separator from being worn due to the influence of the vortex. In addition, the one-stage trapezoidal separators of the adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, referring to fig. 3.
According to still further embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and 6, the second stage ladder-shaped separator 41 extends along a vertical direction, the second stage ladder-shaped separator 41 includes a first folded plate 411, a second folded plate 412 and a third folded plate 413, one end of the second folded plate 412 is connected to one end of the first folded plate 411, the other end of the second folded plate 412 is connected to one end of the third folded plate 413, a second opening 414 is formed between the other end of the first folded plate 411 and the other end of the third folded plate 413, and the second opening 414 is disposed on a windward side, so that flue gas obtained after combustion enters the second stage ladder-shaped separator 41 through the second opening 414, gas-solid separation is performed by the folded plate of the second stage ladder-shaped separator 41, the gas moves in a direction of the heat exchange area 50, and ash moves downward along the folded plate of the second stage ladder-shaped separator 41 until the second ash outlet 42, the gas is discharged from the gasification incinerator through the second ash outlet 42, so that gas-solid separation is realized, the resistance of the second-stage trapezoidal separator 41 is large, and the gas-solid separation efficiency is high. In addition, the two-stage trapezoidal separation zone 40 has the advantage of compact structure. The windward side refers to a side of the secondary trapezoidal separation region 40 close to the combustion region 30.
According to still other embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the length a of the second opening 414 in the direction of the first flap 411 is (0.4-0.8) W, where W is the distance from the intersection point of the second flap and the third flap to the first flap, so that the ash-containing gas flows along the inner wall of the triangle, the ash concentration therein is reduced after the first-stage separation, the granularity is also small, and the corners of the triangle are wedge-shaped, which is beneficial for the stalling after the collision of particles, and improves the efficiency of small particle separation.
According to still other embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the length b of the other end of the third folded plate 413 beyond the intersection point of the third folded plate 413 and the extension line of the first folded plate 411 is (0.2-0.4) W, so that the embodiment of the present invention defines a limited inlet and forms a suitable inlet windward side, further increasing the inlet flow rate, and contributing to achieve a better gas-solid separation effect.
According to still other embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent two-stage trapezoidal separators 41 is (0.8-1.2) W, so that the outer wall of the two-stage trapezoidal separator can be effectively prevented from being worn due to the influence of the vortex. In addition, the two-stage trapezoidal separators of adjacent rows are staggered, as shown in FIG. 4.
According to still other embodiments of the present invention, the gasification section 10 sequentially includes an equal cross-sectional area, a gradually expanding area, an equal cross-sectional area, and a gradually reducing area from top to bottom, the first feeding device 13 is disposed at a side portion of the gradually expanding area, and a heat conducting oil coil (not shown in the figure) is disposed in the equal cross-sectional area, and is configured to cool the gas obtained by gasification at about 800 degrees celsius to about 600 degrees celsius, so as to avoid making refractory material and sealing steel plate for the subsequent one-stage trapezoidal separation area 20.
According to further embodiments of the present invention, a heat conducting oil coil (not shown in the figure) is disposed in the heat exchange zone 50, so that the flue gas after the secondary gas-solid separation is subjected to heat exchange to obtain a heat exchanged flue gas.
According to still other embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the TFB gasification incinerator of the present invention further comprises: a tail gas flue 60. The tail gas flue 60 is connected with a heat exchange flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler, and an economizer 61 and an air preheater 62 are arranged in the tail gas flue 60. Therefore, the flue gas after heat exchange in the heat exchange area 50 can enter the tail gas flue 60, and further exchanges heat with the economizer 61 and the air preheater 62 in succession, so that the preheating utilization rate of the system is improved. In addition, it should be noted that, the economizer 61 and the air preheater 62 can be provided in one or more sets according to actual needs.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a waste gasification incineration process implemented using the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation of the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste gasification incineration method includes:
(1) feeding the waste material to the gasification section 10 by using a feeding device 13, and carrying out turbulent gasification on the waste material under the action of a gasification agent provided by a primary air distribution device 12 to obtain gasification flue gas and gasification waste residue; the gasifying agent comprises air and/or water vapor, and the temperature of the gasified gas is about 800 ℃. The gasified gas is cooled to about 600 ℃ under the action of the heat-conducting oil coil in the uniform cross-section area.
(2) The cooled gasified flue gas enters a primary trapezoidal separation zone 20 for primary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after primary gas-solid separation.
(3) And enabling the flue gas after the primary gas-solid separation to enter a combustion zone 30, and combusting under the action of oxidizing gas provided by a secondary air distribution device 31 to obtain the combusted flue gas, wherein the temperature of the flue gas in the combustion zone 30 is approximately 850-950 ℃.
(4) Enabling the burned flue gas to enter a secondary trapezoidal separation area 40 for secondary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after secondary gas-solid separation;
(5) and enabling the flue gas subjected to the secondary gas-solid separation to enter a heat exchange area 50 for heat exchange to obtain heat-exchanged flue gas, wherein the temperature of the heat-exchanged flue gas is about 500 ℃, and the heat-exchanged flue gas is discharged through a first flue gas outlet 51.
Further, the method further comprises: the flue gas after heat exchange in the heat exchange area 50 sequentially enters the economizer 61 and the air preheater 62, and further sequentially exchanges heat with the economizer 61 and the air preheater 62, wherein the temperature of the flue gas is about 150 ℃ at the moment, and the flue gas is discharged through the second flue gas outlet 63.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the waste material comprises solid waste. Preferably, the waste material is high calorific value solid waste, such as waste plastics, waste tires, waste rubber, and the like.
In addition, it should be noted that all the features and advantages described above for the TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation are also applicable to the waste gasification incineration method, and are not described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A TFB gasification incinerator with two stage separation, comprising: the gasification section, the first-stage trapezoidal separation area, the combustion area, the second-stage trapezoidal separation area and the heat exchange area are communicated in sequence;
the bottom of the gasification section is provided with a primary air distribution device and a slag outlet, the side part of the gasification section is provided with a feeding device, and the feeding device is suitable for supplying solid waste to the gasification section;
the top of the primary trapezoidal separation area is communicated with the top of the gasification section, a plurality of primary trapezoidal separators are arranged in the primary trapezoidal separation area, the cross sectional area of the lower section of the primary trapezoidal separation area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a first ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the primary trapezoidal separation area;
the top of the combustion zone is communicated with the top of the primary trapezoidal separation zone, and a secondary air distribution device is arranged on the side part of the combustion zone;
the bottom of the combustion area and the bottom of the heat exchange area jointly form the second-stage trapezoidal separation area, a plurality of second-stage trapezoidal separators are arranged in the second-stage trapezoidal separation area, the cross sectional area of the second-stage trapezoidal separation area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a second ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the second-stage trapezoidal separation area.
2. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to claim 1, wherein said one-stage ladder-shaped separator extends in a vertical direction, a cross section of said one-stage ladder-shaped separator in a horizontal direction is spiral, a first opening is formed between an inner wall of an outermost spiral and an outer wall of an adjacent spiral of said outermost spiral, and said first opening is provided on a windward side.
3. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance h between the inner wall of the outermost spiral forming the first opening and the outer wall of the outermost spiral adjacent spiral is (0.5-1.0) d, said d being the equivalent diameter of the helical cross section;
the distance between the adjacent ladder separators of the first stage is (0.8-1.2) d.
4. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to claim 1, wherein said second stage ladder separator extends in a vertical direction, said second stage ladder separator includes a first flap, a second flap, and a third flap, one end of said second flap is connected to one end of said first flap, the other end of said second flap is connected to one end of said third flap, a second opening is formed between the other end of said first flap and the other end of said third flap, and said second opening is provided on a windward side.
5. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to claim 4, wherein length a of said second opening in the direction of said first flap is (0.4-0.8) W, said W being the distance from the intersection of said second flap and said third flap to said first flap;
the length b of the other end of the third folded plate exceeding the intersection point of the third folded plate and the extension line of the first folded plate is (0.2-0.4) W.
6. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to claim 4, wherein the distance between adjacent said two-stage ladder separators is (0.8-1.2) W.
7. The TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said gasification section comprises a constant cross section area, a divergent area, a constant cross section area and a convergent area in sequence from top to bottom, said first feeding means is arranged at the side of said divergent area, and said constant cross section area is internally provided with a heat conducting oil coil.
8. The TFB gasification incinerator with two stage separation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein heat transfer oil coils are provided in said heat transfer zone.
9. The TFB gasification incinerator with two stage separation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: and the tail gas flue is connected with a flue gas outlet after heat exchange of the heat exchange area, and a coal economizer and an air preheater are arranged in the tail gas flue.
10. A method for performing gasification incineration of waste material using a TFB gasification incinerator with two-stage separation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
(1) feeding the waste materials to a gasification section by using a feeding device for turbulent gasification to obtain gasification flue gas and gasification waste residues;
(2) the gasified flue gas enters a primary trapezoidal separation zone to carry out primary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after the primary gas-solid separation;
(3) enabling the flue gas after the primary gas-solid separation to enter a combustion area for combustion to obtain the combusted flue gas;
(4) enabling the burned flue gas to enter a secondary trapezoidal separation area for secondary gas-solid separation to obtain flue gas and ash after secondary gas-solid separation;
(5) and enabling the flue gas subjected to secondary gas-solid separation to enter a heat exchange area for heat exchange to obtain the flue gas subjected to heat exchange.
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Address after: Room A601, Qizhi star, No.79, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085 Applicant after: Beijing hengran Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room A601, Qizhi star, No.79, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085 Applicant before: BEIJING ONE-A HI-TECH ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20220506 |