CN114438499A - Stainless steel polishing solution for magnetic grinder and polishing method - Google Patents
Stainless steel polishing solution for magnetic grinder and polishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114438499A CN114438499A CN202210089561.8A CN202210089561A CN114438499A CN 114438499 A CN114438499 A CN 114438499A CN 202210089561 A CN202210089561 A CN 202210089561A CN 114438499 A CN114438499 A CN 114438499A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/04—Heavy metals
- C23F3/06—Heavy metals with acidic solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention provides a stainless steel polishing solution for a magnetic grinder. The stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder consists of boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, a surfactant and phosphoric acid, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.3-4g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 2.5-5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2-3.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 15-23ml/L, and the pH value is adjusted to 2.5-3.5 by adding the phosphoric acid. The stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder can clean, brighten and brighten stainless steel products, brighten the surface of the stainless steel products, improve the appearance of the stainless steel products and enhance the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel products to a certain extent. In addition, a stainless steel polishing method for the magnetic grinder is also provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel surface processing, in particular to a stainless steel polishing solution for a magnetic grinder and a polishing method.
Background
The stainless steel material is widely applied to the industries of chemical industry, textile industry, instruments, food machinery, medical machinery, aerospace, atomic energy, military industry, light industry, building materials, solar energy utilization and the like due to the characteristics of good mechanical wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, easiness in processing and the like. Stainless steel materials are mostly processed at high temperature, a layer of gray oxide film or burrs, namely a thicker oxide skin, often exists on the surface, and a new black oxide skin is further generated in the processing processes of cutting, welding and the like, so that the appearance of stainless steel products is influenced, and the quality of the products is also influenced. Therefore, before, a polishing process is required. When a process such as cutting or heat treatment is performed, the surface roughness of the part is increased, and some burrs are inevitably generated.
The surface roughness of the stainless steel part can be reduced by adopting a manual polishing method, but the method has low processing efficiency, difficult guarantee of surface quality and high cost, and can not process workpieces with complicated shapes or narrow spaces. The stainless steel polishing method also comprises chemical polishing, electrolytic polishing, mechanical polishing and the like, which have certain problems more or less, the chemical polishing and the electrolytic polishing can polish various stainless steel with irregular shapes, but the adopted polishing solution or electrolyte has strong acidity and strong corrosivity and has great harm to operators and environment, the chemical polishing tank solution is difficult to maintain, the waste liquid treatment capacity is large, the production cost is high, the electrolytic polishing damage layer is deep, the one-time investment of processing equipment is large, the energy consumption is large, the input cost is large, and complex parts cannot be processed; although the mechanical polishing has less pollution, stainless steel polished by adopting consumables such as polishing wax, abrasive paper and the like has higher surface roughness, poorer brightness and low polishing efficiency, and parts with complicated shapes can not be processed. The magnetic polishing method is characterized in that a magnetic grinding machine conducts a fine ground stainless steel needle by utilizing super-strong electromagnetic force to generate high-speed flow, turning and other actions, and the precise grinding effects of polishing, cleaning, deburring and the like can be achieved at one time in an inner hole of a workpiece by surface friction. The magnetic grinder needs to be used in cooperation with the polishing solution, and the polishing solution has an important influence on the processing quality and the polishing efficiency, but due to high technical requirements, the formula of the current commercialized stainless steel polishing solution is in a completely confidential state.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a stainless steel polishing solution for a magnetic grinder and a polishing method, which can solve the technical problems of insufficient stainless steel glossiness and the like in a stainless steel polishing process.
The invention provides a stainless steel polishing solution for a magnetic grinder, which comprises boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, a surfactant and phosphoric acid, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.3-4g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 2.5-5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2-3.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 15-23ml/L, and the pH is adjusted to 2.5-3.5 by adding the phosphoric acid.
Secondly, the invention also provides a stainless steel polishing method for the magnetic grinder, which comprises the following steps: step (1): mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust the pH, and finally stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution; step (2): and (2) placing the polishing solution obtained in the step (1) and the pretreated stainless steel into a magnetic grinding machine, starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish, and cleaning the surface of the stainless steel by using pure water after polishing is finished.
Further, the surfactant is one or the combination of two of sodium lauryl acetate type imidazoline and petroleum sodium sulfonate.
Further, the stainless steel is one of 304 stainless steel, 304L stainless steel, 304N stainless steel, 316L stainless steel or 316N stainless steel.
Further, in the polishing process, the polishing time of the magnetic grinding machine is 20-30 minutes, the operating frequency is 20-30Hz, and the temperature is 10-60 ℃.
The stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder can clean, brighten and brighten stainless steel products, brighten the surfaces of the products, improve the appearances of the products and enhance the corrosion resistance of the products to a certain extent. The polishing solution has good stability, environment-friendly components, easily-purchased raw materials, simple processes for preparing the polishing solution and treating stainless steel, long storage time, remarkably reduced production cost and no harmful gas generated in the using process. In the polishing process, because the friction and collision frequency of the magnetic needle and the sample is high, and the stainless steel is a good thermal conductor, a large amount of heat can be generated in the polishing process, but the specific heat capacity of the water-based polishing solution is large, the temperature during the polishing operation can be effectively reduced, and a series of problems caused by the overhigh temperature to the stainless steel are avoided.
According to the stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinding machine, when stainless steel parts are polished, the magnetic needle continuously generates friction with the surface of the stainless steel in the polishing solution under the action of the strong magnetic field. The surfactant sodium lauryl acetate type imidazoline and the petroleum sodium sulfonate can obviously reduce the surface tension of liquid and a matrix, increase the contact area of polishing solution and a stainless steel matrix, enable the magnetic needle to continuously rub the stainless steel matrix, improve the fluidity of the magnetic needle in the polishing solution and facilitate the polishing. Since the polishing solution is found to have the best polishing effect when the pH value is 2.5-3.5 through experiments, phosphoric acid and boric acid are adopted to reduce the pH value, H, of the solution+Can uniformly dissolve stainless steel and substances on the surface, and can quickly dissolve the raised and rusted areas on the other hand, thereby having a certain polishing effect.
Wherein the buffering of the boric acid and the phosphoric acid-sodium phosphate buffer the combination and slow down the rising speed of the pH value. The phosphoric acid and the sodium phosphate have the effects of adjusting the viscosity, leveling and brightness of the solution in the polishing process, the fluidity requirement of the polishing solution is easily met, meanwhile, an insoluble phosphate conversion film can be formed on the surface of the stainless steel and the magnetic needle, and the film can effectively prevent the diffusion of the metal surface and the solution, so that the over-dissolution of the acid solution on the surface of the stainless steel is effectively inhibited, and the roughness and the brightness of the surface of the stainless steel are changed. The sodium petroleum sulfonate can be used as a corrosion inhibitor to reduce the over-dissolution of the stainless steel matrix in the polishing solution. Because the magnetic needle is always in an acidic condition in the polishing process and the corrosion resistance of the magnetic needle is poor, the corrosion inhibition effect of the petroleum sodium sulfonate and the corrosion inhibition effect of an insoluble phosphate conversion film generated on the surface are needed to maintain the effect of the magnetic needle. The sodium silicate is used for generating silicic acid micro particles to assist the magnetic needle to rub on the surface of the stainless steel substrate, and the polishing effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface macro topography of a 304 stainless steel sample before polishing treatment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a surface macro topography diagram of a 304 stainless steel sample after polishing treatment according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic photograph (500 times magnified) of the surface of a 304 stainless steel coupon prior to the polishing treatment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic photograph (magnified 500 times) of the surface of a 304 stainless steel coupon polished by the polishing treatment according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a stainless steel polishing solution for a magnetic grinder, including boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, a surfactant, and phosphoric acid, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.3 to 4g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 2.5 to 5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2 to 3.5g/L, and the concentration of the surfactant is 15 to 23ml/L, and the pH is adjusted to 2.5 to 3.5 by adding the phosphoric acid.
The invention also provides a stainless steel polishing method for the magnetic grinder, which comprises the following steps: step (1): mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust the pH, and finally stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution; step (2): and (2) placing the polishing solution obtained in the step (1) and the pretreated stainless steel into a magnetic grinding machine, starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish, and cleaning the surface of the stainless steel by using pure water after polishing is finished.
Further, the surfactant is one or the combination of two of sodium lauryl acetate type imidazoline and petroleum sodium sulfonate.
Further, the stainless steel is one of 304 stainless steel, 304L stainless steel, 304N stainless steel, 316L stainless steel or 316N stainless steel.
Further, in the polishing process, the polishing time of the magnetic grinding machine is 20-30 minutes, the operating frequency is 20-30Hz, and the temperature is 10-60 ℃.
The stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder can clean, brighten and brighten stainless steel products, brighten the surfaces of the products, improve the appearances of the products and enhance the corrosion resistance of the products to a certain extent. The polishing solution has good stability, environment-friendly components, easily-purchased raw materials, simple processes for preparing the polishing solution and treating stainless steel, long storage time, remarkably reduced production cost and no harmful gas generated in the using process. In the polishing process, because the friction and collision frequency of the magnetic needle and the sample is high, and the stainless steel is a good thermal conductor, a large amount of heat can be generated in the polishing process, but the specific heat capacity of the water-based polishing solution is large, the temperature during the polishing operation can be effectively reduced, and a series of problems caused by the overhigh temperature to the stainless steel are avoided.
According to the stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder, when stainless steel is polished, firstly, a magnetic needle continuously rubs or clicks on the surface of the stainless steel in the polishing solution under the action of a strong magnetic field. The surfactant sodium lauryl acetate type imidazoline and the petroleum sodium sulfonate can obviously reduce the surface tension of the liquid and the matrix, increase the contact area of the polishing solution and the stainless steel matrix, enable the magnetic needle to continuously rub the stainless steel matrix and improve the flow of the magnetic needle in the polishing solutionAnd the mobility is favorable for polishing. Since the polishing solution has the best polishing effect when the pH value is 2.5-3.5 through experiments, phosphoric acid and boric acid are adopted to reduce the pH value H of the solution+Can uniformly dissolve stainless steel and substances on the surface, and can quickly dissolve the raised and rusted areas on the other hand, thereby having a certain polishing effect.
Wherein the buffering of the boric acid and the phosphoric acid-sodium phosphate buffer the combination and slow down the rising speed of the pH value. The phosphoric acid and the sodium phosphate have the effects of adjusting the viscosity, leveling and brightness of the solution in the polishing process, the fluidity requirement of the polishing solution is easily met, meanwhile, an insoluble phosphate conversion film can be formed on the surface of the stainless steel and the magnetic needle, and the film can effectively prevent the diffusion of the metal surface and the solution, so that the over-dissolution of the acid solution on the surface of the stainless steel is effectively inhibited, and the roughness and the brightness of the surface of the stainless steel are changed. The sodium petroleum sulfonate can be used as a corrosion inhibitor to reduce the over-dissolution of the stainless steel matrix in the polishing solution. Because the magnetic needle is always in an acidic condition in the polishing process and the corrosion resistance of the magnetic needle is poor, the corrosion inhibition effect of the petroleum sodium sulfonate and the corrosion inhibition effect of an insoluble phosphate conversion film generated on the surface are needed to maintain the effect of the magnetic needle. The sodium silicate is used for generating silicic acid micro particles to assist the magnetic needle to rub on the surface of the stainless steel substrate, and the polishing effect is achieved.
Example 1
(1) Preparing polishing solution: mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust the pH value, stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 4g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 3.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 23ml/L, and adding the phosphoric acid to adjust the pH value to 3.0.
(2) Polishing: and (2) putting the polishing solution in the step (1) and the 304 stainless steel subjected to degreasing and other pretreatment into a magnetic grinding machine, and then starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish. The polishing time of the magnetic mill is recommended to be 30 minutes, the operating frequency is 20Hz and the temperature is 15 ℃.
Example 2
(1) Preparing polishing solution: mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust pH, stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.3g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 2.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 15ml/L, and adding the phosphoric acid to adjust the pH to 2.0.
(2) Polishing: and (2) placing the polishing solution obtained in the step (1) and 316L stainless steel subjected to degreasing and other pretreatment into a magnetic grinding machine, and then starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish. The polishing time of the magnetic mill is recommended to be 20 minutes, the operating frequency is 30Hz and the temperature is 20 ℃.
Example 3
(1) Preparing polishing solution: mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust pH, stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 3.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 4.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 3g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 15ml/L, and adding the phosphoric acid to adjust the pH to 2.7.
(2) Polishing: and (2) placing the polishing solution in the step (1) and 304L stainless steel subjected to degreasing and other pretreatment into a magnetic grinding machine, and then starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish. The polishing time of the magnetic mill is recommended to be 30 minutes, the operating frequency 25Hz and the temperature 25 ℃.
Example 4
(1) Preparing polishing solution: mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust pH, stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2.3g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 18ml/L, and adding the phosphoric acid to adjust the pH to 3.5.
(2) Polishing: and (2) placing the polishing solution in the step (1) and the 304N stainless steel subjected to degreasing and other pretreatment into a magnetic grinding machine, and then starting the magnetic grinding machine to polish. The polishing time of the magnetic mill is recommended to be 30 minutes, the operating frequency is 22Hz and the temperature is 35 ℃.
The implementation effect of the invention is shown in figures 2 and 4,
as can be seen from the comparison of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the surface rust of the 304 stainless steel sample treated by the polishing method is obviously reduced, and the surface brightness of the polished sample is improved and has regular lines.
As can be seen from comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4, the 304 stainless steel sample treated by the polishing method has significantly reduced corrosion and protrusions, and only has a few tiny protrusions.
The above examples only express embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The stainless steel polishing solution for the magnetic grinder is characterized by consisting of boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, a surfactant and phosphoric acid, wherein the concentration of the boric acid is 2.3-4g/L, the concentration of the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 2.5-5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate nonahydrate is 2-3.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 15-23ml/L, and the pH is adjusted to be 2.5-3.5 by adding the phosphoric acid.
2. A stainless steel polishing method for a magnetic grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (1): mixing boric acid, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate and water, adding a surfactant, adding phosphoric acid to adjust the pH, and finally stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed polishing solution; step (2): and (2) placing the polishing solution obtained in the step (1) and the pretreated stainless steel into a magnetic grinding machine, starting the magnetic grinding machine for polishing, and cleaning the surface of the stainless steel by using pure water after polishing is finished.
3. A stainless steel polishing liquid for a magnetic grinder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the surfactant is one or the combination of two of sodium lauryl acetate type imidazoline and petroleum sodium sulfonate.
4. A stainless steel polishing liquid for a magnetic grinder as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the stainless steel is one of 304 stainless steel, 304L stainless steel, 304N stainless steel, 316L stainless steel, or 316N stainless steel.
5. A stainless steel polishing liquid for a magnetic grinder as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the polishing process, the polishing time of the magnetic grinding machine is 20-30 minutes, the operating frequency is 20-30Hz, and the temperature is 10-60 ℃.
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| CN202210089561.8A CN114438499B (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2022-01-26 | Stainless steel polishing solution for magnetic grinder and polishing method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020153253A1 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2002-10-24 | Atsuo Nishino | Aluminum support for lithographic printing plate and production method thereof |
| JP2004186350A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | Polishing composition for cmp process |
| US20110155690A1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | Norihito Yamaguchi | Polishing method |
| CN107936847A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of optical effect correction high stability Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and preparation method thereof |
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- 2022-01-26 CN CN202210089561.8A patent/CN114438499B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020153253A1 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2002-10-24 | Atsuo Nishino | Aluminum support for lithographic printing plate and production method thereof |
| JP2004186350A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | Polishing composition for cmp process |
| US20110155690A1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | Norihito Yamaguchi | Polishing method |
| CN107936847A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of optical effect correction high stability Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王坚;黄选民;幸泽宽;刘智;胡桂英;: "航空发动机压气机叶片表面清洗技术研究" * |
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