CN114437880B - 一种清洗剂及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种清洗剂及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114437880B CN114437880B CN202210145067.9A CN202210145067A CN114437880B CN 114437880 B CN114437880 B CN 114437880B CN 202210145067 A CN202210145067 A CN 202210145067A CN 114437880 B CN114437880 B CN 114437880B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning agent
- parts
- titanium dioxide
- surfactant
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N glutathione Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(O)=O RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010024636 Glutathione Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003180 glutathione Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylsulfonio)acetate Chemical compound C[S+](C)CC([O-])=O PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WJYAJBDKANFOID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dodecylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNC(C)C(O)=O WJYAJBDKANFOID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002233 benzalkonium bromide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RZHBMYQXKIDANM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl butanedioate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC RZHBMYQXKIDANM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/886—Ampholytes containing P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/90—Betaines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/92—Sulfobetaines ; Sulfitobetaines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种清洗剂及其制备方法和用途。以重量份计所述清洗剂包括水20~90份、表面活性剂1~5份、生物酶2~10份、有机基材2~16份、激活剂0.01~0.5份和二氧化钛0.01~1份。本发明提供的清洗剂通过选用表面活性剂、生物酶、有机基材和二氧化钛的配合使用,使得所述清洗剂去污能力强,并且由于二氧化钛的存在使得处理后的光伏组件表面具有自清洁效果;同时避免了传统清洗剂采用酸、碱或挥发性有机溶剂,以防止组件的损坏,且环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光伏组件清洗技术领域,具体涉及一种清洗剂及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
为应对化石能源短缺,世界各国都在积极发展光伏发电,目前全球的光伏累计装机量已经超过800GW。光伏组件在使用过程中,随着灰尘的累积,发电量在逐渐降低,如果没有清洗运维,发电量将迅速衰减。光伏组件上的主要污染物包括雾霾、工业废气(焊接、工业粉尘、热处理烟气等污染)、汽车尾气、餐饮油烟排放、昆虫和鸟类粪便、风沙浮尘,可以分为有机物和无机物,其中有机物为昆虫和鸟类粪便、花粉、油污等,无机物为灰尘、工业粉尘等。
现有光伏清洗通常采用清水或表面活性剂进行清洗,面对一些难以去除的有机物和油污,则通常采用加酸或碱来进行清洗。例如CN101735903A公开了一种太阳能光伏专用电子清洗剂,所述清洗剂包括表面活性剂、碱性物质和去离子水。所述清洗剂控制碱性溶液对硅片反应后所留下的残留物质,并用表面活性剂来弥补弱碱性溶液反应小而造成的去污能力差,提高清洗剂对硅片的清洗能力,又能确保硅片清洗完后没有残留物,从而提高制绒效果。但是,采用酸性物质和碱性物质进行清洗,会对光伏组件表面的玻璃和铝边框造成破坏,而且清洗的废水流到地下还会污染环境。
此外现有技术中清洗剂多采用加入有机物质,例如CN105887116A公开了一种光伏焊带特效清洗剂,所述光伏焊带特效清洗剂包括三苯基膦、有机酸三苯基膦、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醚类溶剂、醇类溶剂、螯合剂和水。所述清洗剂不仅可以减少焊带表面异物的残留,而且三苯基膦可以避免焊带表面重新氧化,从而增强了对焊带的去污效果。但是,所述清洗剂中含有挥发性溶剂不利于环保,且气味重。
CN112940875A公开了一种太阳能电池硅片清洗剂和太阳能电池硅片清洗方法;所述清洗剂包括表面活性剂、螯合剂、复合酶、盐和水。所述清洗剂虽然环保且具有一定的去污能力,但是,所述复合酶容易失活,且清洗能力有待进一步提高。
因此,开发一种清洗能力强、环保且不损坏光伏组件的清洗剂,是本领域亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种清洗剂,通过表面活性剂、生物酶、二氧化钛和有机基材的复配,使得所述清洗剂具有较强的去污能力,同时避免了传统清洗剂采用酸、碱或挥发性有机溶剂,材料环保,不损坏光伏组件。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供一种清洗剂,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括水20~90份、表面活性剂1~5份、生物酶2~10份、有机基材2~16份、激活剂0.01~0.5份和二氧化钛0.01~1份。
本发明中,通过生物酶分解有机物,降低光伏组件的清洗难度;加入有机基材作为生物酶的载体,为其提供营养的同时,又可以在光伏组件清洗时起到摩擦剂的作用;二氧化钛的加入能够提高亲水性,不仅可以进一步增强清洗剂的去污能力,还可以作为生物酶的抑制剂,抑制生物酶对有机基材的分解并且使得处理后的光伏组件玻璃表面具有亲水效果,从而使得清洁后的玻璃具有自清洁效果。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括水20~90份,例如可以为20份、25份、30份、35份、40份、45份、50份、55份、60份、65份、70份、75份、80份、85份等。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括表面活性剂1~5份,例如可以为1份、2份、3份、4份、5份等。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括生物酶2~10份,例如可以为2份、3份、4份、5份、6份、7份、8份、9份、10份等。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括有机基材2~16份,例如可以为2份、3份、4份、5份、6份、7份、8份、10份、12份、14份、15份等。
本发明中,所述有机基材的份数小于2份,生物酶活性低,清洗时间长且无法清洗干净;大于16份,生物酶活性过高,不利于清洗剂的保存且清洗后玻璃表面会有磨损。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括激活剂0.01~0.5份,例如可以为0.05份、0.1份、0.15份、0.2份、0.25份、0.3份、0.35份、0.4份、0.45份等。
优选地,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括二氧化钛0.01~1份,例如可以为0.05份、0.1份、0.2份、0.3份、0.4份、0.5份、0.6份、0.7份、0.8份、0.9份、1份等。
本发明中,所述二氧化钛的含量过高,会导致二氧化钛团聚,分散性差,从而影响清洗效果,同时也会增加成本,并且会导致玻璃表面有损伤。
优选地,所述表面活性剂包括阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述阴离子表面活性剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、二辛基琥珀酸磺酸钠或十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述阳离子表面活性剂包括苯扎溴铵和/或苯扎氯铵。
优选地,所述两性离子表面活性剂包括羧酸基甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱、磷酸脂甜菜碱或十二烷基氨丙酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述非离子表面活性剂包括单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚山梨酯或聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述生物酶包括纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶或脂肪酶中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述有机基材包括木质素、纤维素、壳聚糖或甲壳素中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述生物酶与有机基材的质量比为1:(2~4),例如可以为1:2、1:2.5、1:3、1:3.5、1:4等。
本发明中,所述生物酶与有机基材的质量比大于1:2,会导致生物酶失活,清洗效果差;小于1:4,活性过高,不利于保存且清洗后会有轻微污染物残留。
优选地,所述激活剂包括硫酸铜、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、溴化镁、溴化钾、谷胱甘肽或乙二胺四乙酸中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述二氧化钛包括纳米二氧化钛。
优选地,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径为5~100nm,例如可以为10nm、15nm、20nm、25nm、30nm、35nm、40nm、45nm、50nm、55nm、60nm、65nm、70nm、75nm、80nm、85nm、90nm、95nm等,进一步优选为5~20nm。
本发明中,所述二氧化钛采用纳米级二氧化钛,使得所述清洗剂具有研磨作用,能够进一步提升去污效果;所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径越小,越有利于清洗,粒径过大时,会造成对玻璃的磨损过大,而且清洗后二氧化钛的残留难以去除。
本发明提供的清洗剂中没有二氧化钛或有机基材时,清洗时间长且无法清洗干净。
第二方面,本发明提供一种根据第一方面所述的清洗剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
将水、表面活性剂、生物酶、有机基材、激活剂和二氧化钛混合,得到所述清洗剂。
优选地,所述混合包括先将水与表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入生物酶、二氧化钛、有机基材和激活剂进行混合。
本发明中,先加入二氧化钛,二氧化钛可以作为酶的抑制剂,抑制生物酶对有机基材的分解,使用时加入激活剂,提高生物酶的活性,从而能够分解污渍中的有机物。
第三方面,本发明提供一种如第一方面所述的清洗剂在清洗光伏组件中的用途。
本发明所述的数值范围不仅包括上述列举的点值,还包括没有列举出的上述数值范围之间的任意的点值,限于篇幅及出于简明的考虑,本发明不再穷尽列举所述范围包括的具体点值。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明提供的清洗剂,通过表面活性剂、生物酶、有机基材和二氧化钛的复配,使得所述清洗剂具有较强的去污能力,清洗时间短、无残留,所述清洗剂环保,不会损坏光伏组件;并且使得处理后的光伏组件表面具有亲水效果,从而使得清洁后的玻璃具有自清洁效果;在本发明优选的技术方案中,所述清洗剂清洗后光伏组件玻璃表面无残留、无磨损,清洗时间小于30s,清洗后玻璃表面接触角小于10°,自清洁效果好。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
如无特别说明,本发明中实施例和对比例用到的材料均可市售购得或通过常规方法制备得到。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种清洗剂,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括50份水、3份十二烷基磺酸钠、6份纤维素酶、12份纤维素、0.5份纳米二氧化钛(上海超威纳米科技的C25,粒径10nm)和0.2份谷胱甘肽。
本实施例提供一种所述清洗剂的制备方法,具体步骤包括:
将水和表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入纤维素酶、纳米二氧化钛、纤维素和谷胱甘肽,得到所述清洗剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种清洗剂,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括20份水、1份十二烷基磺酸钠、2份淀粉酶、8份壳聚糖、0.05份纳米二氧化钛(上海超威纳米科技的C25,粒径10nm)和0.05份乙二胺四乙酸。
本实施例提供一种所述清洗剂的制备方法,具体步骤包括:
将水和表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入淀粉酶、纳米二氧化钛、壳聚糖和谷胱甘肽,得到所述清洗剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种清洗剂,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括90份水、5份十二烷基磺酸钠、8份纤维素酶、16份纤维素、1份纳米二氧化钛(上海超威纳米科技的C25,粒径10nm)和0.5份谷胱甘肽。
本实施例提供一种所述清洗剂的制备方法,具体步骤包括:
将水和表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入纤维素酶、纳米二氧化钛、纤维素和谷胱甘肽,得到所述清洗剂。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径为25nm(德固赛的P25),其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径为100nm(宣城晶瑞新材料的VK-T100),其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
实施例6
本实例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,减少纤维素的用量,使得纤维素酶与纤维素的质量比为1:1,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
实施例7
本实例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纤维素酶的份数为3份,纤维素的份数为15份,,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纤维素的份数为0.5份,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纤维素的份数为50份,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述纳米二氧化钛的份数为3份,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例4
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述清洗剂中没有纤维素,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例5
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,所述清洗剂中没有纳米二氧化钛,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例6
本对比例提供一种清洗剂,其与实施例1的区别仅在于,将所述清洗剂中纳米二氧化钛替换为纳米二氧化硅,其它组分、用量及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
测试例
将实施例1~7、对比例1~6提供的清洗剂喷洒到光伏组件玻璃表面,静置15min后,采用刷子对光伏组件玻璃进行清洗。
性能测试
(1)清洗后外观:通过目测观察,清洗后光伏组件表面清晰光滑、无残留、无损坏,则标记为“合格”;反之,则标记为“不合格”;
(2)清洗彻底所需时间:记录从开始清洗到表面清洗干净所用时间;
(3)清洗后的玻璃表面接触角:采用接触角测量仪(艾飞思的FCA500C)进行测试;
其中,接触角小于10°,自清洁效果为优秀,大于10°,自清洁效果差。
具体测试结果如表1所示:
表1
由上表可知,本发明提供的清洗剂通过表面活性剂、生物酶、有机基材和二氧化钛的复配,使得所述清洗剂具有较强的去污效果且清洗时间短,材料环保,不损坏光伏组件,清洗后的光伏组件具有自清洁效果。
由实施例1~3可知,本发明提供的清洗剂清洗后外观无残留,光伏组件表面无磨损;清洗时间为20~27s,清洗后玻璃表面接触角为6.9~8.3°,具有优异的自清洁效果;由实施例1与实施例4和5比较可知,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径越大,清洗效果越差,且清洗后玻璃表面自清洁效果越差;由实施例1与实施例6和7比较可知,所述生物酶与有机基材不在特定的配比内,清洗时间长或者清洗不彻底,玻璃表面有残留;由实施例1与对比例1~6比较可知,所述清洗剂的配方并非本发明优选的组合或配比时,清洗时间长或无法清洗干净,玻璃表面有残留并且有磨损。
综上所述,本发明提供的清洗剂,通过生物酶分解有机物,降低光伏组件表面有机物的清洗难度;同时由于有机基材的加入能够作为生物酶的载体,增加生物酶活性的同时,还能起到清洗时摩擦剂的作用;而二氧化钛的加入可以提高亲水性,进一步增强去污效果,还可以作为酶的抑制剂,并且还能够使得清洗后的光伏组件具有自清洁效果,材料环保且不损坏仪器,适合用于光伏组件的清洗。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
1.一种清洗剂,其特征在于,以重量份计所述清洗剂包括水20~90份、表面活性剂1~5份、生物酶2~10份、有机基材2~16份、激活剂0.01~0.5份和二氧化钛0.01~1份;
所述清洗剂采用如下方法进行制备,所述方法包括以下步骤:
先将水与表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入生物酶、二氧化钛和有机基材进行混合,在使用所述清洗剂前加入激活剂;
所述生物酶为纤维素酶或淀粉酶,所述有机基材为纤维素或壳聚糖;
所述激活剂包括硫酸铜、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、溴化镁、溴化钾、谷胱甘肽或乙二胺四乙酸中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;
所述二氧化钛为纳米二氧化钛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂包括阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述阴离子表面活性剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、二辛基琥珀酸磺酸钠或十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
4.根据权利要求2所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述阳离子表面活性剂包括苯扎溴铵和/或苯扎氯铵。
5.根据权利要求2所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述两性离子表面活性剂包括羧酸基甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱、磷酸脂甜菜碱或十二烷基氨丙酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
6.根据权利要求2所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述非离子表面活性剂包括单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚山梨酯或聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述生物酶与有机基材的质量比为1:(2~4)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径为5~100nm。
9.根据权利要求8所述的清洗剂,其特征在于,所述纳米二氧化钛的粒径为5~20nm。
10.一种根据权利要求1~9任一项所述的清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
先将水与表面活性剂混合,随后依次加入生物酶、二氧化钛和有机基材进行混合,在使用所述清洗剂前加入激活剂;
所述生物酶为纤维素酶或淀粉酶,所述有机基材为纤维素或壳聚糖;
所述激活剂包括硫酸铜、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、溴化镁、溴化钾、谷胱甘肽或乙二胺四乙酸中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;
所述二氧化钛为纳米二氧化钛。
11.一种如权利要求1~9任一项所述的清洗剂在清洗光伏组件中的用途。
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