CN114434686A

CN114434686A - Spiral hair roller cleaning machine, plastic crushing and cleaning equipment, plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment and application method

Info

Publication number: CN114434686A
Application number: CN202011121316.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田志鸿; 朱振兴; 韩颖; 何金龙; 刘亚林; 李学锋; 张翊
Original assignee: Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Current assignee: Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Priority date: 2020-10-19
Filing date: 2020-10-19
Publication date: 2022-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-19
Also published as: CN114434686B

Abstract

Spiral hair roller cleaning machine, plastics are smashed cleaning device and plastics are smashed and wash sorting facilities and application method thereof, spiral hair roller cleaning machine comprises casing, rotation axis, the outside spiral hair roller and the driving system of parcel of rotation axis of drum type, the casing on be equipped with washing liquid entry, granule entry and discharge gate in proper order, the initial end of spiral hair roller is located to the washing liquid entry, the granule entry is located behind the washing liquid entry, the discharge gate is located spiral hair roller terminal, driving system drives the rotation axis rotation. The plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment provided by the invention can realize the continuous crushing, cleaning and sorting process of waste plastics.

Description

Spiral hair roller cleaning machine, plastic crushing and cleaning equipment, plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment and application method

Technical Field

The technology relates to equipment and a method for recycling waste plastics, in particular to equipment and a method for efficiently crushing, cleaning and separating waste plastics before recycling.

Background

Plastics have become the main material in many fields such as hygiene, building and electronic products, because of their characteristics such as stable performance, wide use, light weight, and low price. Many plastics become wastes after a certain period of use due to short life cycle of use, and because the plastics have good stability and long degradation time, human beings have to coexist with the wastes for a long time, which seriously affect human health, and the total production yield of polymers and fibers in the whole world reaches 78 hundred million tons from 1950 to 2015, and about 80 percent of the plastics become landfills.

On the other hand, waste plastics can also be recycled as a resource, for example, Polyethylene (PE) can release 43MJ/kg of heat after combustion (the combustion value of gasoline is 42.30 MJ/kg; kerosene, 46.50MJ/kg, diesel oil, 45.20MJ/kg), so if waste plastics can be recycled, not only can emissions that incineration and open-air incineration are harmful (such as dioxin and secondary pollutants) be solved, but also the waste plastics can be effectively utilized as a resource.

The plastic recycling needs to be crushed, cleaned and sorted, the volume of the waste plastic can be reduced by crushing, so that the waste plastic is convenient to transport during utilization, mud, sand, metal blocks and other impurities which are insoluble in water in the waste plastic are removed by cleaning, sundries during recycling are reduced, sorting is classification treatment on the waste plastic, the cleaned crushed material is purer, different types of waste plastic can be applied to different purposes, and the steps are all indispensable technological processes in waste plastic recycling.

CN102574304A describes a sorting and separating method and a sorting and separating device for waste plastics, the waste plastics as waste, especially in municipal refuse landfill, contain a large amount of impurities such as mud, and cleaning is an essential step in the pretreatment of the waste plastics.

CN103739871B describes a method for separating polyvinyl chloride plastic from mixed waste plastics, which comprises the following steps: crushing waste plastics into waste plastic fragments with the size of 2-10 cm, repeatedly kneading and washing in a sodium hydroxide solution, then washing with clear water to be neutral, dehydrating and drying: then placing the treated mixed plastic in a separation solution for fully stirring, standing after stirring is finished, and separating the polyvinyl chloride plastic from other plastics after the polyvinyl chloride plastic is settled from the solution; and then, cleaning the sorted polyvinyl chloride plastic with clear water, and carrying out dehydration, drying and granulation processes. The technology has no detailed corresponding detailed structural description of the equipment, and certain difficulty exists in implementation.

CN107597794A describes an integrated device for sorting, recovering and treating garbage, which has a limited cleaning function for treating the impurities such as mud, sand and stone contained in the waste plastics of urban landfills.

The invention aims to provide equipment and a method for efficient crushing, cleaning and separating processes, which can effectively crush, clean and sort waste plastics into raw materials for secondary utilization before utilization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a spiral hair roller cleaning machine and an application method thereof, which are suitable for cleaning and recycling waste plastics.

The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a plastic crushing and cleaning device and an application method thereof based on the prior art, and the plastic crushing and cleaning device and the application method are suitable for cleaning and recycling waste plastics.

The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment and an application method thereof on the basis of the prior art, so that waste plastic can be effectively crushed, cleaned and sorted into secondary utilized raw materials before being utilized.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a spiral hair roller cleaning machine, which comprises a cylindrical shell, a rotating shaft, a spiral hair roller wrapped outside the rotating shaft and a power system, wherein a cleaning liquid inlet, a particle inlet and a discharge port are sequentially arranged on the shell, the cleaning liquid inlet is arranged at the initial end of the spiral hair roller, the particle inlet is positioned behind the cleaning liquid inlet, the discharge port is positioned at the tail end of the spiral hair roller, and the power system drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

In a second aspect, the invention provides an application method of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning liquid is introduced through a cleaning liquid inlet, particles to be cleaned are added into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a particle inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, the particles are washed by the cleaning liquid, impurities are removed by a rolling brush of a brush, and the cleaned particles are discharged from a discharge port at the tail end of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing action of a spiral blade.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a plastic pulverizing and cleaning apparatus, comprising: biax shredder, rotatory sword mincer, foretell spiral hair roller cleaning machine and liquid-solid separation unit, the toper hopper is connected on biax shredder upper portion, bottom exit linkage the entry of rotatory sword mincer, the granule entry of spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected to rotatory sword mincer discharge gate, liquid-solid separation unit is connected to the discharge gate of spiral hair roller cleaning machine.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides an application method of waste plastic crushing and cleaning equipment, waste plastic raw materials are added from a conical hopper, crushed into particles by a double-shaft shredder and a rotary knife shredder, and fall into a particle inlet of a spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning solution is introduced into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a cleaning solution inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, plastic particles which are cleaned by the cleaning solution and removed with impurities under the rolling brush of a brush are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing of a spiral blade and enter a liquid-solid separation unit, and the plastic particles and the cleaning solution are obtained through separation.

In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a waste plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting device, which comprises, communicated from top to bottom: biax shredder, rotatory sword chopper, spiral hair roller cleaning machine and liquid density sorter, the toper hopper is connected on biax shredder upper portion, the entry of the rotatory sword chopper of bottom exit linkage, the granule entry of spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected to rotatory sword chopper discharge gate, and liquid density sorter is connected through the toper hopper to the discharge gate of spiral hair roller cleaning machine, is equipped with the export of light plastic granules on the liquid layer surface of liquid density sorter, the rotatory separating valve of bottom installation, rotatory separating valve bottom is for remolding the export of material granule, the rotatory separating valve side sets up the outage.

In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a method for using the waste plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment, waste plastic raw materials are added from a conical hopper, the cleaning solution is introduced into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through the cleaning solution inlet, the power system drives the rotating shaft and the spiral hair roller to rotate, the plastic particles which are washed by cleaning fluid and removed with impurities by the rolling brush of the brush are discharged into the liquid density separator from the discharge port through the conical hopper under the pushing of the helical blade, the light plastic particles are suspended on the surface of the liquid layer of the conical hopper of the liquid density separator, and the heavy plastic particles are discharged from a light plastic particle outlet, the heavy plastic particles sink to the bottom of the liquid and enter a rotary separating valve for liquid-solid separation, the heavy plastic particles are discharged from the bottom of the rotary separating valve, and the cleaning liquid is discharged through a liquid discharge hole on the side surface of the rotary separating valve.

The spiral lacustris cleaning machine and the application method thereof provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:

the plastic particles are added into the spiral brush rod cleaning machine through the feeding hole, the motor reducer drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission part, the conveying and cleaning processes are realized under the pushing action of the cleaning liquid flushing, the rolling brush of the brush and the spiral blade by the waste plastic particles, the impurities such as soil attached to the waste plastic particles are efficiently removed, and the waste plastic particles are discharged from the tail end discharge port of the cleaning machine.

The plastic crushing and cleaning equipment and the application method thereof provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: can efficiently clean and remove mud, sand, metal blocks and other impurities which are insoluble in water in the waste plastics, and reduce sundries in the recycling of the waste plastics so as to facilitate the subsequent separation of the mud, the sand, the metal blocks and other impurities which are insoluble in water.

The plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment and the application method thereof provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: mud, sand, metal button and other impurity that are insoluble in water in can high-efficiently in the waste plastics wash, sort, debris when reducing waste plastics recycle carry out the density to the waste plastics of different materials and sort to the subsequent high added value recycle of waste plastics.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a spiral hockey cleaning machine;

FIG. 2 is an assembled elevation view of the plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a twin-shaft shredder configuration;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a liquid density classifier;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a blade tip seal of a rotary separating valve.

Description of the reference numerals

1 conical hopper 2-0 double-shaft shredder

2-1 shredder wheel 12-2 shredder wheel 22-3 rotating shaft

4-rotary knife chopper 5 connected with cone 6-0 spiral hair roller cleaning machine

6-1 particle inlet 6-2 cleaning liquid inlet 6-3 cleaning machine shell

6-4 helical blade 6-5 brush 6-6 rotating shaft

6-9 support of 6-7 bearing system 6-8 motor reducer

7 conical hopper 8-0 circulating scraping component 8-1 circulating conveying belt

8-2 guide wheel 8-3 scraping plate

9-0 liquid density separator 9-1 conical hopper 9-2 light plastic particle outlet

9-3 rotary separating valve 9-31 rotary vane 9-32 rubber sealing strip

9-4 remolded material granule outlet 9-5 liquid storage tank 9-6 drain pipe

9-7 drain pipe 9-8 liquid discharge hole 9-9 overflow pipe

10 circulating pump

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail.

Alternatively, the spiral fur roller is composed of spiral blades spirally arranged along the rotating shaft and a fur brush, the fur brush is closely arranged between the spiral blades, and the outer diameter of the fur brush is smaller than that of the spiral blades.

The spiral blades are fixed on the rotating shaft, the hairbrush is tightly arranged among the spiral blades, the root of the hairbrush is fixed with the rotating shaft, and the height of the hairbrush is lower than that of the top of the spiral blades.

Optionally, the ratio of the outer diameter D of the brush to the helical blade D is 0.5-0.9: 1; preferably 0.6-0.85: 1; most preferably 0.7-0.85: 1.

Alternatively, the brush is made of polymeric fibers, animal hair (e.g., bristles), plant fibers, or metal filaments.

Optionally, the power system is connected to a rotating shaft. The power system comprises a motor, a motor reducer and a transmission component. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the motor reducer and the transmission part.

In a second aspect, the invention provides an application method of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning liquid is introduced through a cleaning liquid inlet, particles to be cleaned are added into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a particle inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, the particles are washed by the cleaning liquid and removed with impurities under a rolling brush of a hairbrush, and the cleaned particles are discharged from a discharge port at the tail end of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing of a spiral blade.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a plastic pulverizing and cleaning apparatus, comprising: the upper part of the double-shaft shredder is connected with the conical hopper, the outlet at the bottom of the double-shaft shredder is connected with the inlet of the rotary knife shredder, the discharge port of the rotary knife shredder is connected with the particle inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine, and the discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected with the liquid-solid separation unit.

Optionally, the double-shaft shredder comprises a housing, two rotating shafts arranged in parallel, and two shredding wheels mounted on the rotating shafts, wherein the two shredding wheels are meshed with each other through gears. Each shredding wheel is arranged on a corresponding rotating shaft, the respective rotating shaft drives the corresponding shredding wheel to rotate, the conveyed waste plastics are shredded, and a pair of meshed gears is adopted outside the two shafts to transmit the relative rotating motion of the two shafts. The twin-shaft shredder may employ a twin-shaft shredder conventional in the art.

Optionally, the rotary knife shredder comprises a housing, fixed knife heads, rotary knife heads and a rotating shaft, wherein two or more of the fixed knife heads are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the housing, and two or more of the rotary knife heads are arranged on the rotating shaft. The relative motion between the rotary cutter head and the fixed cutter head arranged on the wall of the shell cuts up the supplied materials, and the discharge port at the lower part of the rotary cutter crusher is communicated with the particle inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine. In the using process, the waste plastics are cut into particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm by the rotary knife crusher, and the obtained plastic particles fall into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through the connecting cone.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides an application method of waste plastic crushing and cleaning equipment, waste plastic raw materials are added from a conical hopper, crushed into fine particles by a double-shaft shredder and a rotary knife shredder, and fall into a particle inlet of a spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning solution is introduced into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a cleaning solution inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, plastic particles which are washed by the cleaning solution and are removed with impurities under the rolling brush of a hairbrush are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing of a spiral blade and enter a liquid-solid separation unit, and the plastic particles and the cleaning solution are obtained through separation.

In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a waste plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting device, which comprises, communicated from top to bottom: biax shredder, rotatory sword chopper, spiral hair roller cleaning machine and liquid density sorter, the toper hopper is connected on biax shredder upper portion, the entry of the rotatory sword chopper of bottom exit linkage, and the granule entry of spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected to rotatory sword chopper discharge gate, and liquid density sorter is connected through the toper hopper to the discharge gate of spiral hair roller cleaning machine, is equipped with the export of light plastic granules on the liquid layer surface of liquid density sorter, and the rotatory separating valve of bottom installation, the rotatory separating valve bottom is for remolding the export of material granule, the rotatory separating valve side sets up the outage.

Optionally, the double-shaft shredder comprises a housing, two rotating shafts arranged in parallel and two shredding wheels arranged on the rotating shafts, wherein the two shredding wheels are meshed by gears. Each shredding wheel is arranged on a corresponding rotating shaft, the respective rotating shaft drives the corresponding shredding wheel to rotate, the conveyed waste plastics are shredded, and a pair of meshed gears is adopted outside the two shafts to transmit the relative rotating motion of the two shafts. The twin-shaft shredder may employ a twin-shaft shredder conventional in the art.

Optionally, the rotary knife shredder comprises a housing, fixed knife heads, rotary knife heads and a rotating shaft, wherein two or more of the fixed knife heads are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the housing, and two or more of the rotary knife heads are arranged on the rotating shaft. The distance between the rotary cutter head and the fixed cutter head is 2-3.5 mm.

Optionally, the liquid density separator comprises a conical hopper, a light plastic particle outlet at the upper part of the conical hopper, a circulating scraping member arranged at the light plastic particle outlet, a rotary separating valve positioned at the bottom of the conical hopper, and an overflow pipe arranged at the upper part of the conical hopper, wherein the bottom of the circulating scraping member and the inlet of the overflow pipe are in the same plane. Wherein the bottom of the rotary separating valve is a remolded particle outlet, and the side surface of the rotary separating valve is provided with a liquid discharge hole.

The rotary separating valve is arranged at the bottom of the conical hopper, optionally, the rotary separating valve consists of a cylindrical shell, blades inside the shell and a rotating shaft, a liquid discharge hole is formed in the side surface of the shell, the blades are arranged on the rotating shaft in a central symmetry mode, and a sector space is formed between the blades. When the rotary separating valve works, the rotating shaft drives the blade to rotate, the remolded particles sink into the bottom of the liquid and enter the fan-shaped space of the rotary separating valve, the blade drives the remolded particles and the liquid in the fan-shaped space to rotate, when the remolded particles and the liquid rotate to the position below the horizontal plane of the rotating shaft, the liquid flows out through the liquid discharge hole in the rotary separating valve shell, the remolded particles continue to rotate to the position under the rotary separating valve, and the remolded particles are discharged from the bottom through the discharge hole of the remolded particles.

Optionally, a liquid storage tank is arranged on the side face of the rotary separating valve, a liquid discharge hole in the side face of the rotary separating valve casing is communicated with the liquid storage tank, the outlet of the overflow pipe is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is provided with a drainage pipe.

Optionally, a liquid discharge hole is formed in a partition wall between the rotary separation valve and the liquid storage tank, the aperture of the liquid discharge hole is 0.1-3 mm, and the aperture ratio is 40% -80%. The plastic particles and the cleaning liquid in the rotary separating valve are brought to the wall surface area of the open hole in the rotating process, and the cleaning liquid flows into the liquid storage tank through the liquid discharge hole and is led out through the discharge pipe.

The outlet of the overflow pipe is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the overflow pipe is communicated with the upper part of the conical hopper and the liquid storage tank and is used for controlling the liquid level of the conical hopper.

Optionally, a circulation pipe and a circulation pump are provided between the liquid storage tank and the cleaning liquid inlet of the spiral wool roller cleaning machine. The filtered cleaning liquid is conveyed to a cleaning liquid feed inlet of the spiral fur roller cleaning machine by a circulating pump and is used for cleaning the conveyed waste plastic particles.

Optionally, the circulating scraping member is composed of a guide wheel, a circulating conveying belt guided by the guide wheel, and a scraping plate arranged on the circulating conveying belt, the circulating conveying belt is mounted on the guide wheel, and the guide wheel is arranged at the position where the circulating conveying belt changes direction. The bottom of the circulating scraping mechanism is arranged on the liquid level of the density separator, so that the scraping plate extends below the liquid level. When the device works, the guide wheel drives the circulating transmission belt to do circulating motion, the scraper plate scrapes the floating material light plastic particles out of the liquid surface, and the floating material light plastic particles fall into the light plastic particle outlet to be discharged.

In a sixth aspect, the invention provides an application method of the waste plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment, waste plastic raw materials are added from a conical hopper, crushed into particles by a double-shaft shredder and a rotary knife shredder, and fall into a particle inlet of a spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning solution is introduced into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a cleaning solution inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, plastic particles which are washed by the cleaning solution and removed from impurities under the rolling brush of a brush are pushed by a spiral blade, the plastic particles are discharged from a discharge port at the tail end of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine and enter a liquid density sorting machine through the conical hopper, light plastic particles are suspended on the surface of a liquid layer of the conical hopper of the liquid density sorting machine and are discharged from a light plastic particle outlet, heavy plastic particles are deposited at the bottom of the liquid and enter a rotary separating valve for liquid-solid separation, the heavy plastic particles are discharged from the bottom of the rotary separating valve, the cleaning liquid is discharged through a liquid discharge hole on the side surface of the rotary separating valve.

Optionally, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the spiral wool roller cleaning machine is: 10-200 r/min; preferably 15-150 r/min; preferably 15 to 120 r/min.

Optionally, the cleaning solution is an aqueous solution of one or more of alkali and metal salt; preferably an aqueous solution of one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium acetate.

Optionally, the weight ratio of the waste plastic raw material to the cleaning solution is 1: 1.5-10; preferably 1: 1.5-8; most preferably 1: 1.5-6.

The density of the cleaning liquid can be between that of the light plastic particles of the floating materials and that of the heavy plastic particles of the sinking materials, and the cleaning liquid has the functions of cleaning impurities such as oil stains, silt and the like in the waste plastic particles and separating plastic particles with different densities.

The invention will be further described in connection with the following figures, but the invention is not limited thereto in any way.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a spiral lacrosse cleaning machine. As shown in the attached figure 1, the spiral hair roller cleaning machine 6-0 provided by the invention consists of a cylindrical shell 6-3, a rotating shaft 6-6, a spiral hair roller wrapped outside the rotating shaft and a power system, wherein a cleaning solution inlet 6-2, a particle inlet 6-1 and a discharge hole are sequentially arranged on the shell, the cleaning solution inlet 6-2 is arranged at the initial end of the spiral hair roller, the particle inlet 6-1 is positioned behind the cleaning solution inlet, and the discharge hole is positioned at the tail end of the spiral hair roller.

The spiral hair roller consists of spiral blades 6-4 arranged on a rotating shaft 6-6 and hair brushes 6-5 densely arranged among the spiral blades. The power system comprises a motor reducer 6-8 and a bearing system 6-7, and the spiral lacrosse cleaning machine is arranged on a bracket 6-9. The root of the brush 6-5 is fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft 6-6, the diameter D of the helical blade 6-4 is larger than the diameter D of the brush 6-5, and the ratio of the outer diameter D of the brush roller to the helical blade D is as follows: 0.6-0.9: 1, preferably 0.7-0.85: 1, most preferably 0.8-0.85: 1. The hair brush 6-5 is made of polymer fiber, animal hair (such as mane), plant fiber, metal wire, etc. The annular spiral space formed by the top of the brush 6-5 and the housing 6-3 is a space for cleaning waste plastic chips.

During the working process of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine provided by the invention, cleaning solution is conveyed into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine 6-0 through the cleaning solution inlet 6-2, plastic particles are added through the particle inlet 6-1, the motor reducer 6-8 drives the rotating shaft 6-6, the spiral blade 6-4 and the brush 6-5 to rotate through the bearing system 6-7, and waste plastic particles are conveyed and cleaned under the flushing action of the cleaning solution and the pushing action of the rolling brush of the brush 6-5 and the spiral blade 6-4, so that impurities such as soil attached to the waste plastic particles are efficiently removed and are discharged from a tail end discharge port of the cleaning machine.

Wherein: conveying amount of waste plastic particles:

phi is the filling rate of waste plastic particles, D is the outer diameter of the helical blade, D is the outer diameter of the brush roller, rho is the filling density of the particles, B is the distance between the helical blades, and n is the rotating speed of the shaft of the brush roller.

The rotational speed n of the hair roll shaft is preferably: 10 to 200r/min, preferably 15 to 150r/min, and preferably 15 to 120 r/min.

The cleaning liquid inlet 6-2 must be located at the very beginning of the spiral fur roller in order to wash away dirt and foreign particles from the surface of the waste plastic.

FIG. 2 is an assembled elevation view of the plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting system. As shown in the attached figure 2, the plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting equipment provided by the invention comprises a plastic crushing, cleaning and sorting device, which are communicated with one another from top to bottom in sequence: the device comprises a double-shaft shredder (2-0), a rotary knife shredder (4), a spiral hair roller cleaning machine (6-0) and a liquid density sorting machine (9), wherein the upper part of the double-shaft shredder is connected with a conical hopper (1), a bottom outlet is connected with the inlet of the rotary knife shredder (4), the discharge port of the rotary knife shredder (4) is connected with the particle inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine (6-0) through a conical hopper (5), the discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine (6-0) is connected with the liquid density sorting machine (9) through a conical hopper (7), a light plastic particle outlet and a circulating scraping component (8-0) are arranged on the surface of a liquid layer of the liquid density sorting machine, a rotary separating valve is installed at the bottom, the bottom of the rotary separating valve is a heavy plastic particle outlet, and a liquid discharge hole is formed in the side surface of the rotary separating valve. The liquid storage tank of the liquid density separator 9 is communicated with the cleaning liquid inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine 6-0 through a circulating pump 10.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a twin-shaft shredder configuration; as shown in the attached figure 3, the double-shaft shredder 2-0 consists of double shredding wheels 2-1 and 2-2, wherein each shredding wheel is arranged on a corresponding rotating shaft, the respective rotating shaft drives the corresponding shredding wheel to rotate so as to shred the conveyed waste plastics, and a pair of meshed gears is adopted outside the two shafts to transmit the relative rotating motion of the two shafts. A rotary knife shredder 4 is arranged below the double-shaft shredder, so that the materials can be smashed into finer particles through the rotary knife shredder again for the next step of cleaning.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a liquid density classifier. As shown in figure 4, the liquid density separator 9-0 can separate plastics and cleaning liquid with different densities, waste plastic particles with the density higher than that of the cleaning and separating liquid sink at the bottom of a conical hopper 9-1 of the density separator and fall into a fan-shaped space between rotating blades 9-31 in a rotating separating valve 9-3, when the part of the vanes rotates to the position where the valve shell is provided with the liquid discharge hole below the horizontal position of the axis of the rotating separation valve 9-3, the inner liquid brought into the fan-shaped space is filtered out through a liquid discharge hole 9-8 on the rotary separating valve shell, the waste plastic particles are still kept in the fan-shaped space formed by the rotating blades 9-31 and the rotary separating valve 9-3 shell, when the rotary blade 9-31 rotates to the position right below the valve, the waste plastic solid particles are discharged from the heavy density plastic particle outlet 9-4 of the sorting machine; the filtered liquid enters a liquid storage tank 9-5, is conveyed to a cleaning liquid inlet 6-2 of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a liquid outlet pipe 9-6 by a circulating pump 10 and a pipeline and is used for cleaning the conveyed waste plastic particles; a circulating scraping component 8-0 is arranged on the surface of an upper cleaning liquid of a density separator 9-0 and consists of a circulating conveying belt 8-1, guide wheels 8-2 and scraping plates 8-3, the scraping plates 8-3 are arranged on the circulating conveying belt 8-1, the circulating conveying belt 8-1 is arranged on the guide wheels 8-2, the guide wheels 8-2 are arranged at the positions where the direction of the circulating conveying belt changes, and plastic particles driven by the guide wheels 8-2 to do circulating motion by the circulating conveying belt 8-1 are scraped out of the surface of the liquid layer and fall into a light plastic particle outlet 9-2 to be discharged.

The bottom of a liquid storage tank 9-5 of the liquid density separator 9-0 is provided with a discharge pipe 9-7 and a valve for discharging impurities such as silt after cleaning, the side surface of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet pipe 9-6 at a certain height from the bottom of the tank, and the liquid outlet pipe is used for discharging separated liquid and conveying the liquid to a liquid inlet 6-2 of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a circulating pump 10.

An overflow pipe 9-9 is arranged between the upper part of a conical hopper 9-1 of the liquid density separator 9-0 and the bottom of a liquid storage tank 9-5 and is used for controlling the position of the liquid level in the conical hopper 9-1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a blade tip seal of a rotary separating valve. As shown in FIG. 5, rubber strips 9-32 are provided on the top and both sides of the rotary blade 9-31 of the rotary separating valve 9-3 in the liquid density separator 9-0 for sealing the leakage of the liquid from the gaps between the rotary blade and the outer casing.

The following examples further illustrate the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

The device shown in FIG. 1 was used to carry out the waste plastic crushing, cleaning and separating device tests, wherein the size of the double-shaft shredder in the device was 400X 400mm, the height was 300mm, and the diameter of the shredding wheel was 200 mm; the diameter of the rotary knife chopper is 250mm, the length of the rotary knife chopper is 250mm, the three rotary knives are uniformly distributed, the total length of the spiral wool roller cleaning machine is 1500mm, the spiral length is 1200mm, the diameter is 150mm, the thread space is 89mm, the outer diameter of the brush roller is 100mm, the length of the conical bottom of the liquid density separator is 2500 mm, the width of the conical bottom of the liquid density separator is 1200mm, the diameter of the rotary separating valve at the conical top is 200mm, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the double-shaft shredder is 200r/min, the rotating speed of the rotary knife chopper is 450r/min, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the spiral wool roller cleaning machine is 60 r/min.

The density sorting liquid is NaOH liquid with the mass percent of 22 percent, the liquid density is 1.24kg/L, and the liquid amount is 100 kg.

The waste plastics comprise a PVC pipe, a PET bottle, a PPR pipe and a PS snack box, wherein the PVC pipe and the PET bottle account for 31.4 percent by mass, the PPR pipe and the PP snack box account for 57.3 percent by mass, soil impurities account for 12.3 percent by mass, the waste plastics have the treatment capacity of 40kg, and the mass ratio of the waste plastics to the cleaning solution is 1: 2.5.

Waste plastics are crushed into granular and flaky fragments, then the granular fragments of light-density plastics PPR and PS and the heavy-density PVC and PET fragments are sorted out, and a heavy-density feed opening carries out 0.23kg of silt (the surface of the waste plastics fragments is not attached and is filtered by a 30-mesh filter screen); the average equivalent diameter of the crushed particles and the crushed pieces is 6mm, and the maximum equivalent diameter is 10 mm; sorting light-density plastics and heavy-density fragments, and drying by 150-degree hot air to obtain 23.38kg of light-density fragments with water content of 2.0% and 12.79kg of heavy-density components with water content of 1.8%; through identifying the sorted broken particle pieces, the light components are all PPR and PS broken particle pieces, the heavy components are PVC and PET broken particle pieces, and soil and impurities on the surfaces of the plastic fragments are all removed.

And (3) analyzing the recovery of light components PVC and PET: 99.9 percent; the recovery rate of PPR and PS in the heavy components is 99.9 percent, the impurity removal rate on the surface of the waste plastic is 100 percent, and a small amount of plastic particles with the diameter of about 0.1mm are contained in the cleaning solution; 98-99% of the silt which falls off after cleaning enters the liquid storage tank along with the cleaning liquid.

Wherein the time for crushing and cleaning is 12min, and the time for sorting is 5 min.

Comparative example 1

The waste plastic processing process was carried out by a rotary knife shredder, stirred tank cleaning, and manual flotation, the waste plastic was shredded by the rotary knife shredder of example 1, and the waste plastic was cleaned by a stirred tank of 200L.

The components and the density of the waste plastics are the same as those of the waste plastics in example 1, wherein the waste plastics comprise 33.5 wt% of PVC pipes and PET bottles (the impurity content is 24.6 wt%), the PPR pipes and PS snack boxes are 66.5 wt% (the impurity content is 27.2 wt%), the waste plastics are treated by 40kg, 22 wt% of NaOH liquid for cleaning is 100kg, and the ratio of the waste plastics to the cleaning liquid is 1: 2.5.

The rotating speed of the rotary knife shredder is 450r/min, and after 20min of crushing, the average equivalent diameter of waste plastic fragments is 15mm, and the maximum equivalent diameter is 30 mm; after stirring and washing for 10min, manually floating and separating light density components PPR and PS and heavy density components PVC and PET waste plastic particle fragments, drying by hot air at 150 ℃, and separating 20.99kg of light density components PPR and PS waste plastic particle fragments, wherein the water content is 2.4 wt%, the impurity content is 6.0 wt%, and the content of the waste plastic fragments is 91.4 wt%; 11.01kg of heavy density components (PVC, PET), wherein the water content is 2.1 wt%, the impurity content is 6.7 wt%, and the content of waste plastic chips is 91.6 wt%.

Wherein the recovery rate of light density PPR and PS waste plastics is 99.9 percent, the recovery rate of heavy density PVC and PET waste plastics is 99.8 percent, and a small amount of plastic particles with the diameter of about 0.1mm are contained in the cleaning solution.

It can be seen from this that the particle fragments after pulverization in comparative example 1 are small in particle size, clean in washing and short in washing time.

Example 2

The device in the embodiment 1 is adopted to separate the waste plastic PVC pipe, the PET bottle, the PPR pipe and the PS snack box, wherein the mass composition of the PVC pipe and the PET bottle is 32.7 wt%, the mass composition of the PPR pipe and the PP snack box is 39.4 wt%, and the content of impurities such as soil is about 27.9%. The waste plastic treatment capacity is 80kg, the cleaning solution is 22 wt% NaOH solution, and the dosage is 160 kg. The mass ratio of the waste plastic (containing impurities) to the cleaning solution is 1:2.

The crushing operation parameters are the same as that of example 1, the crushed waste plastics are crushed for 14min, cleaned for 4min and floated for 5min, the sorted waste plastics fragments with light components and heavy components are separated, a heavy density discharge port carries 0.53kg of silt (the surface of the waste plastics fragments is not attached), impurities on the surfaces of the waste plastics fragments with light components and heavy components are cleaned, and waste plastic sheets are dried under hot air at 150 ℃ to obtain the waste plastics particles with the average equivalent diameter of 7mm and the maximum equivalent diameter of 10 mm. Wherein the light density part chips are 32.18kg, and the water content is 2.1 wt%; the weight density component is 26.6kg, and the water content is 1.7 wt%.

Wherein the recovery rate of the light density PPR pipe and the PP snack box is 99.9 percent, the recovery rate of the heavy density PVC pipe and the PET bottle is 99.9 percent, and a small amount of plastic particles with the diameter of about 0.1mm are contained in the cleaning solution. The light density and the heavy density are completely separated, and the surfaces of the plastic fragments are cleaned; 98-99% of the silt which falls off after cleaning enters the liquid storage tank along with the cleaning liquid.

The total time of crushing, cleaning and flotation is about 24 min.

Comparative example 2

The waste plastic processing process is carried out by adopting a single shredder, cleaning of a stirring kettle and manual flotation, the shredder A in the embodiment 1 is adopted to crush the waste plastic, and the stirring kettle of 200L is adopted to clean the waste plastic.

The components and the density of the waste plastics are the same as those of the waste plastics in example 1, wherein the waste plastics comprise a PVC pipe, a PET bottle, a PPR pipe and a PS snack box, the proportion of the PVC pipe to the PET bottle is 62.7 wt%, the proportion of the PPR pipe to the PP snack box is 38.2 wt%, and the content of impurities such as soil is about 15.1 wt%. The treatment capacity of waste plastics (containing impurities) is 60kg, and the cleaning solution is 22 wt% NaOH solution, and the dosage is 120 kg. The mass ratio of the waste plastic (containing impurities) to the cleaning solution is 1:2.

The rotating speed of the rotary knife shredder is 200r/min, and after 18min of crushing, the average equivalent diameter of waste plastic fragments is 25mm, and the length is longest to 50 mm; after stirring and washing for 10min, manually floating light-density components PPR and PS and heavy-density components PVC and PET waste plastic particle fragments, and drying the waste plastic fragments by hot air of 150 degrees to ensure that the surfaces of the waste plastic fragments contain a small amount of impurities such as soil. 25.33kg of light density components PPR and PS waste plastic particle fragments are sorted out, the content of the waste plastic fragments is 89.5 wt%, the content of soil and impurities is 8.1 wt%, and the content of water is 2.4 wt%; separating to obtain the heavy density components PVC and PET30.15kg, the content of waste plastic particle fragments is 92.8 wt%, the content of soil and impurities is 5.6 wt%, and the content of water is 2.0 wt%.

The crushing and cleaning takes 30min, and most of impurities on the surfaces of the plastic fragments are not removed completely.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spiral hair roller cleaning machine, its characterized in that, spiral hair roller cleaning machine comprises casing, rotation axis, the outside spiral hair roller and the driving system who wraps up of rotation axis of drum type, the casing on be equipped with washing liquid entry, granule entry and discharge gate in proper order, the top of spiral hair roller is located to the washing liquid entry, the granule entry is located behind the washing liquid entry, the discharge gate is located spiral hair roller terminal, driving system drives the rotation axis rotation.

2. The spiral hair roller cleaning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spiral hair roller is comprised of spiral blades spirally arranged along a rotation axis and brushes closely arranged between the spiral blades, and an outer diameter of the brushes is smaller than an outer diameter of the spiral blades.

3. The spiral fur roller cleaning machine according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter D of the fur brush to the spiral blade D is 0.5 to 0.9: 1; preferably 0.6-0.85: 1; most preferably 0.7-0.85: 1.

4. The method for using the spiral hair roller cleaning machine of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cleaning solution is introduced through the cleaning solution inlet, the particles to be cleaned are added into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through the particle inlet, the power system drives the rotating shaft and the spiral hair roller to rotate, the particles are cleaned by the cleaning solution and the roller brush of the brush to remove impurities, and the cleaned particles are discharged from the discharge port at the tail end of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing action of the spiral blade.

5. The utility model provides a cleaning equipment is smashed to waste plastics which characterized in that, includes communicating in proper order from top to bottom: the double-shaft shredder, the rotary knife shredder, the spiral hair roller cleaning machine and the liquid-solid separation unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper part of the double-shaft shredder is connected with the conical hopper, the outlet at the bottom is connected with the inlet of the rotary knife shredder, the discharge port of the rotary knife shredder is connected with the particle inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine, and the discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected with the liquid-solid separation unit.

6. Waste plastic pulverizing and cleaning apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said rotary knife chopper comprises a housing, fixed knife heads, rotary knife heads and a rotary shaft, two or more of said fixed knife heads being symmetrically disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and two or more of said rotary knife heads being mounted on said rotary shaft.

7. An application method of waste plastic pulverizing and cleaning equipment as claimed in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that waste plastic raw material is fed from a conical hopper, pulverized into particles by a double-shaft shredder and a rotary knife shredder, and falls into a particle inlet of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine, cleaning solution is introduced into the spiral hair roller cleaning machine through a cleaning solution inlet, a power system drives a rotating shaft and a spiral hair roller to rotate, plastic particles which are cleaned under the washing of the cleaning solution and the rolling brush of a brush are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral hair roller cleaning machine under the pushing of a spiral blade and enter a liquid-solid separation unit, and the plastic particles and the cleaning solution are obtained through separation.

8. The utility model provides a waste plastics is smashed and is washd sorting facilities which characterized in that, includes communicating in proper order from top to bottom: biax shredder, rotatory sword chopper, spiral hair roller cleaning machine and liquid density sorter, the toper hopper is connected on biax shredder upper portion, the entry of the rotatory sword chopper of bottom exit linkage, and the granule entry of spiral hair roller cleaning machine is connected to rotatory sword chopper discharge gate, and liquid density sorter is connected through the toper hopper to the discharge gate of spiral hair roller cleaning machine, is equipped with the export of light plastic granules on the liquid layer surface of liquid density sorter, and the rotatory separating valve of bottom installation, the rotatory separating valve bottom is for remolding the export of material granule, the rotatory separating valve side sets up the outage.

9. Waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said biaxial shredder is composed of a housing, two rotating shafts arranged in parallel and two shredding wheels mounted on the rotating shafts, the two shredding wheels being engaged with each other by gears.

10. The waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said rotary knife chopper comprises a housing, fixed knife heads, rotary knife heads and a rotary shaft, two or more of said fixed knife heads being symmetrically disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and two or more of said rotary knife heads being mounted on said rotary shaft.

11. The waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, 9 or 10, wherein said liquid density sorter is composed of a conical hopper, a light plastic particle outlet at the upper part of the conical hopper, a circulating scraper member provided at the light plastic particle outlet, a rotary separating valve at the bottom of the conical hopper, and an overflow pipe provided at the upper part of the conical hopper, the bottom of the circulating scraper member and the inlet of the overflow pipe being in the same plane.

12. Waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said rotary separating valve comprises a housing, rotary vanes inside the housing and a rotary shaft, said housing being provided with a drain hole on a side surface thereof, a plurality of said rotary vanes being installed on the rotary shaft in a central symmetry, and fan-shaped spaces being formed between the vanes.

13. Waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein a liquid discharge hole in the side of the rotary separation valve housing communicates with a liquid storage tank, the overflow pipe outlet communicates with the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is provided with a drain pipe;

preferably, a liquid discharge hole is formed in a partition wall between the rotary separating valve and the liquid storage tank, the aperture of the liquid discharge hole is 0.1-3 mm, and the aperture ratio is 40-80%.

14. Waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein a circulation pipe and a circulation pump are provided between said liquid storage tank and the cleaning liquid inlet of said spiral fur roller cleaning machine.

15. Waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as defined in claim 8, 9 or 10, wherein said endless scraper means is composed of a guide wheel, an endless conveyor belt guided by the guide wheel, said endless conveyor belt being mounted on the guide wheel, and a scraper plate provided on the endless conveyor belt, the guide wheel being provided at a position where the endless conveyor belt changes direction.

16. A method of using waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 15, wherein waste plastic raw material is charged from a conical hopper, pulverized into particles by a twin-shaft shredder and a rotary knife shredder, and dropped into a particle inlet of a spiral fur roller cleaning machine, cleaning liquid is introduced into the spiral fur roller cleaning machine through a cleaning liquid inlet, a power system drives a rotary shaft and a spiral fur roller to rotate, plastic particles cleaned of impurities by a brush roller under cleaning liquid flushing are discharged from a discharge port to a liquid density sorting machine through the conical hopper under the pushing of a spiral blade, light plastic particles are suspended on the surface of a liquid layer of the conical hopper of the liquid density sorting machine and discharged from a light plastic particle outlet, heavy plastic particles are sunk to the bottom of the liquid, and enter a rotary separating valve to perform liquid-solid separation, heavy plastic particles are discharged from the bottom of the rotary separating valve, the cleaning liquid is discharged through a liquid discharge hole on the side surface of the rotary separating valve.

17. The use method of waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting facility as claimed in claim 16, wherein the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of said spiral fur roller cleaning machine is: 10-200 r/min; preferably 15-150 r/min; most preferably 15 to 120 r/min.

18. The use of waste plastic waste plastics pulverizing, cleaning and sorting facility as defined in claim 16, wherein said cleaning liquid is an aqueous solution of one or more of alkali and metal salt; preferably an aqueous solution of one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium acetate.

19. The use method of waste plastic pulverizing, cleaning and sorting equipment as claimed in claim 18, wherein the weight ratio of the waste plastic raw material to the cleaning liquid is 1: 1.5-10; preferably 1: 1.5-8; most preferably 1: 1.5-6.