CN114430869A - 使用袋式电池的电池组模块 - Google Patents

使用袋式电池的电池组模块 Download PDF

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CN114430869A
CN114430869A CN202080066722.0A CN202080066722A CN114430869A CN 114430869 A CN114430869 A CN 114430869A CN 202080066722 A CN202080066722 A CN 202080066722A CN 114430869 A CN114430869 A CN 114430869A
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pouch
bracket
battery
battery module
battery modules
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Y·王
J·洪
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Karma Automotive LLC
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Abstract

一种由多个并排袋式电池模块制成的电池组模块，其中每个袋式电池模块在绝缘垫的任一侧上形成有一对电池，其中电池进而定位于第一和第二金属支架之间，使得每个电池在一侧上接触绝缘垫并且在另一侧接触金属支架。还在并排袋式电池的堆叠的端部处包括一对压力板并包括围绕多个并排袋式电池和压力板缠绕的压缩带。母线将多个并排袋式电池电连接在一起。

Description

使用袋式电池的电池组模块
技术领域
本申请涉及用于将袋式电池保持在一起作为用于电动载具的单元的系统并且涉及从这种袋式电池单元去除热量以提高电池性能的系统。
背景技术
电动载具(例如电动机动车)中使用的电池组电源通常包括彼此紧密接触的大量各个电池组袋式电池模块。袋式电池提供了对空间和包装效率的最优使用。不幸的是，将这些电动载具电池组袋式电池紧密堆叠在一起的主要问题在于由单个电池组电池所产生的热量。电池组过热会导致问题。首先，其会导致整体功率效率受到折衷。其次，这种过热也会带来安全问题。
不幸的是，已经证明，有效地从电动载具电池组电池中去除热量很困难。该问题的一种现有解决方案是在电池组模块中使用冷却凝胶。在这种方法中，将热胶或凝胶应用于底部壳体内部以从底部壳体去除热量。由于胶或凝胶仅位于壳体的底部处，这通常会导致垂直于冷却表面横跨电池的大温差。另一种方法是将各个电池组电池一起保持在塑料框架中并且然后用冷却泡沫一起冷却塑料框架。这不具有成本效益并且具有在模块内部放生液体泄漏的高风险。相反，希望为紧密堆叠在一起的电池组电池提供一种增强的电动载具电池组冷却系统，其以更低的成本提供更好的温度控制。此外，希望提供一种电池组电池堆叠系统，其物理地保护各个电池组电池。
发明内容
根据本申请，本文公开了一种用于将多个电动载具电池组袋式电池保持在一起的系统。如将要示出的，本系统既保护各个电池又有效地从其去除热量。在一个优选的方面，本系统包括：(a)并排定位在一起的多个袋式电池模块，其中每个袋式电池模块包括：(i)第一支架，(ii)第二支架，(iii)定位于第一和第二支架之间的一对电池组电池，以及(iv)定位于该对电池组电池之间的绝缘垫；(b)一对压力板，其中在电池组模块的每一侧端部均设置有一个压力板；(c)至少两个压缩带，其围绕多个并排袋式电池和端部压力板进行缠绕；(d)母线，其将多个并排袋式电池模块电连接在一起。优选地，还包括横跨多个并排袋式电池模块的顶部的顶盖；以及横跨多个并排袋式电池模块的底部的底盖。
在优选实施例中，袋式电池模块中的每个并联连接电池均具有紧固在一起的顶部和底部突片。然后将母线焊接到电池模块的顶部和底部突片以提供所有电池之间的电连通。
在优选实施例中，每个单个袋式电池模块的第一支架具有纵向延伸侧边缘并且第二支架定位在第一支架的纵向延伸侧边缘之间(即：容纳在其内)。因此，袋式电池模块设置有两个电池组电池，该两个电池组电池保持在第一和第二支架之间并且绝缘垫定位于这两个电池之间。结果，每个单个电池组电池的一个面与金属支架接触且而另一面与绝缘垫接触。当袋式电池模块并排堆叠在一起时，这种模式横跨整个组件的长度重复。由于组件中的每个电池组电池都在一侧上与金属支架直接物理接触，因此这种新颖的设计提供了增强的冷却收益。这允许将过剩热量快速且高效地传导离开电池组电池。此外，使绝缘垫定位于电池之间使来自每个单个电池组电池的过剩热量被引导远离绝缘垫并进入相邻金属支架中的一个。为了有助于热量传导，第一支架和第二支架可以优选地由铝制成，并且为了防止热传递，绝缘垫可以由具有低导热率的绝热材料制成。
同样优选地，该装置的顶盖和底盖可以具有环绕多个袋式电池模块的顶部端部和底部端部缠绕的边缘，并且第一支架可以在其中具有凹口以用于当压缩带围绕整个组件缠绕时将压缩带接收在凹口中。
本系统的第一优点在于其通过将热量传导离开每个电池组电池来提供增强的冷却性能，因为每个电池组电池都与模块的第一和第二金属支架中的一个或另一个接触。
本系统的第二优点在于模块中没有冷却剂泄漏的可能性(与使冷却流体循环通过各个电池之间的冷板的现有系统相比)。
本系统的第三优点在于其设计是完全模块化的。因此，不同数量的袋式电池模块可以并排堆叠在一起，其中本系统在其各种设置(即：具有更多或更少的袋式电池)中的每一个中都以相同的方式操作。因此，可以添加更多的袋式电池模块，或者从系统移除袋式电池模块，而这都取决于用户的要求。
本系统的第四优点在于其可以与不同的袋式电池布线一起使用，例如袋式电池可以以3S8P(即：3个电池组串联，8个电池组并联)或3P12S(即：3个电池组串联，12个电池组并联)、6P8S(即：6个电池组并联、8个电池组串联)和/或任何其他所需构造。
本系统的第五优点在于其为电池组电池提供结构保护。具体来说，其金属支架比现有泡沫设计中使用的可比塑料框架更坚硬。此外，本发明的支架不会造成冷却液的任何内部泄漏。
附图说明
图1是本系统的部分分解透视图。
图2是对应于图1的组装透视图。
图3是各个电池组电池中的一个的透视图。
图4是图1和2的一对系统的透视图，该对系统并排定位并由冷却板隔开。
图5是图4的端对端定位在一起的多个系统。
图6是多个本发明系统的透视图，其中多个本发明系统沿中央控制台以通道设置定位在一起。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1A、1B和2，提供了电池组模块10。模块10包括并排定位在一起的多个袋式电池模块20。每个袋式电池模块20包括第一支架22和第二支架24。一对袋式电池32和34定位在第一和第二支架22和24之间。绝缘垫35定位在电池32和34之间，如图所示。在操作中，支架22和24在电池32和34的侧面提供强力结构支撑。此外，支架22和24优选地由高导热材料制成(该材料可以可选地是铝)以有效地将过剩热量传导离开电池32和34。同样优选地，电池32和34具有大的侧表面面积(见图3)，其直接接触支架22和24以确保高效的热能传递。还可以看出，整个系统模块10中的每个袋式电池模块20中的每个单个电池组电池(即：每个电池32或34)与金属支架(22或24)直接物理接触，使得热量可以快速高效地传导离开电池。优选地，第一支架22和第二支架24由铝或其他合适的高导热材料制成，并且绝缘垫优选地由低导热率材料或任何合适的绝缘材料制成。
压力板38设置在电池组模块10的两个侧端部中的每一个上。可选的绝缘垫39可以设置为与每个压力板38相邻以防止在装置模块10的侧向端部处过热。可选的从板或模块控制单元50可以通过线束52附接到压力板38。从板50可以可选地用于测量电池电压和温度并且将该信息与电池组管理单元通信。
提供母线60以将多个并排袋式电池模块20中的每一个电池电连接在一起。如图1A最佳所示，电池32和34中的每个均可以具有从其延伸的顶部和底部突片21，并且顶部和底部突片被紧固在一起。具体地，这种放置还使电池32和34中的每个保持与绝缘垫35直接物理接触。由于母线60也电连接并且优选地物理连接到突片31，因此这还有助于将整个袋式电池模块20保持在一起。在优选实施例中，母线60被超声波焊接到电池32和34的顶部突片21。
如图1中可以看出，第一支架22可以具有纵向延伸侧边缘23，该纵向延伸侧边缘被接收在第二支架24周围，使得电池32和34连同绝缘垫35一起都位于第一支架22的纵向延伸侧边缘23之间。这具有为每个袋式电池模块20提供结构稳定性的优点。
在优选方面，至少一个压缩带70围绕多个并排袋式电池模块20和一对压力板38进行缠绕。在一个优选方面，第一支架22的纵向延伸侧边缘23在其中全部具有凹口27，使得压缩带70可以被接收到凹口中，从而将整个组件保持在一起。为了进一步提供结构稳定性，还提供了横跨多个并排袋式电池模块20的顶部的可选顶盖80以及横跨多个并排袋式电池模块20的底部的可选底盖84。顶盖80优选地具有向下延伸边缘82，该向下延伸边缘围绕多个袋式电池模块20中的每个的顶部端部缠绕，并且底盖84优选地具有向上延伸边缘86，该向上延伸边缘围绕多个袋式电池模块20中的每个的底部端部缠绕。如所见的，至少一个压缩带70优选地包括上压缩带和下压缩带，其均围绕多个并排袋式电池20缠绕(并且还围绕两个端部压力板38缠绕)。然而，应当理解，可以根据需要提供任意数量的压缩带70。此外，这种压缩带可以是薄的并且仅覆盖装置的仅一小部分，或者可以是宽的并且覆盖纵向延伸侧边缘23的表面的大部分或非常大部分。
应当理解，本系统不限于用于将在每个电池32和34中使用的各个电池组电连接在一起的任何特定布线设置。例如，本系统可以与不同袋式电池布线设计一起使用，例如，袋式电池以3S4P(即：3个电池组串联，4个电池组并联)或3P12S(即：3个电池组串联，12个电池组并联)、6P8S(即：6个电池组并联，8个电池组串联)和或任何其他所需构造进行布线。
在可选实施例中，电压和温度感测板90可以定位成与多个并排袋式电池模块20中的每个电连通。电压和温度感测板90可以可选地测量来自每个电池分组的电压和数个位置的温度。然后可以将这些信号通信到主电池组管理单元(未示出)以用于处理。
如图4所示，一对本发明的电池组模块装置10可以并排定位在一起，其中冷却板100位于该对装置之间。冷却板100作用类似于上述支架22和24并且可以由一种或多种相同材料制成。冷却板100可以可选地由铝制成，其中冷却剂在其中循环。在冷却板和模块之间存在足够的热界面材料以将热量从模块传递到冷却板。图4所示的本系统的实施例的优点仅是其提供了比图1所示的单个实施例更多的功率(并满足电压范围要求)。本设计的模块化提供了诸如各种数量的袋式电池20可以堆叠在每个电池组模块装置10中并且各种数量的电池组模块装置10可以进一步堆叠在一起的优点。例如，如图5所示，多个如图4所示的四个系统可以在电池组底部壳体120的顶部定位在一起。最后，如图6所示，多个电池组模块装置10可以作为平坦地板电池组群组定位在一起，该平坦地板电池组群组可以定位在电动汽车的底盘中。

Claims (20)

1.一种电池组模块，包括：
多个袋式电池模块，其并排定位在一起，其中，每个袋式电池模块包括：
第一支架，
第二支架，
一对电池，其定位于所述第一支架和所述第二支架之间，以及
绝缘垫，其定位于所述一对电池之间；
母线，其将多个并排袋式电池模块电连接在一起；
一对压力板，在所述电池组模块的每一侧上设置有一个压力板；
至少一个压缩带，其围绕所述多个并排袋式电池和所述一对压力板缠绕；
顶盖，其横跨所述多个并排袋式电池模块的顶部；以及
底盖，其横跨所述多个并排袋式电池模块的底部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，还包括：
从板，其在所述电池组模块的端部处连接至所述压力板中的一个压力板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述电池中的每个均具有顶部突片和底部突片，并且其中，所述顶部突片和所述底部突片紧固在一起。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池组模块，其中，所述母线焊接到所述电池的所述顶部突片和所述底部突片。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述第一支架具有纵向延伸侧边缘，并且，所述第二支架定位于所述第一支架的所述纵向延伸侧边缘之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电池组模块，其中，所述第一支架的纵向延伸侧边缘在其中具有凹口，并且所述至少一个压缩带被接收到所述凹口中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述顶盖具有围绕所述多个袋式电池模块中的每个的顶部端部缠绕的向下延伸边缘，并且所述底盖具有围绕所述多个袋式电池模块中的每个的底部端部缠绕的向上延伸边缘。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述至少一个压缩带包括上压缩带和下压缩带，两者均围绕所述多个并排袋式电池模块缠绕。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述第一支架和所述第二支架由铝制成。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，所述绝缘垫由绝热材料制成。
11.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，其中，每个电池均具有采用3S4P或3P12S构造的36个电池组或采用6P8S构造的48个电池。
12.根据权利要求1所述的电池组模块，还包括：
电压和温度感测板，其与所述多个并排袋式电池中的每个电连通。
13.一种机动车辆电池组，包括：
多个袋式电池模块，其并排定位在一起，其中，每个袋式电池模块均包括由绝缘垫隔开的一对电池；
母线，其将多个并排袋式电池模块电连接在一起；
一对压力板，其中，压力板中的每个均设置在所述多个袋式电池模块的一侧上；
至少一个压缩带，其围绕所述多个并排袋式电池和所述一对压力板缠绕；
顶盖，其横跨所述多个并排袋式电池模块的顶部；以及
底盖，其横跨所述多个并排袋式电池模块的底部。
14.根据权利要求13所述的机动车辆电池组，还包括连接到所述压力板中的一个的从板。
15.根据权利要求13所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述电池中的每个均具有顶部突片和底部突片，并且其中，所述顶部突片和所述底部突片紧固在一起。
16.根据权利要求15所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述母线焊接到所述电池的所述顶部突片和所述底部突片。
17.根据权利要求13所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述袋式电池模块中的每个均包括具有纵向延伸侧边缘的第一支架以及定位于所述第一支架的所述纵向延伸侧边缘之间的第二支架。
18.根据权利要求17所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述第一支架的所述纵向延伸侧边缘在其中具有凹口，并且所述至少一个压缩带被接收到所述凹口中。
19.根据权利要求13所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述顶盖具有围绕所述多个袋式电池模块中的每个的顶部端部缠绕的向下延伸边缘，并且所述底盖具有围绕所述多个袋式电池模块中的每个的底部端部缠绕的向上延伸边缘。
20.根据权利要求13所述的机动车辆电池组，其中，所述至少一个压缩带包括上压缩带和下压缩带，两者均围绕所述多个并排袋式电池模块缠绕。
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