CN114427431A - Liquid-carrying critical flow control method for low-pressure low-yield gas well - Google Patents
Liquid-carrying critical flow control method for low-pressure low-yield gas well Download PDFInfo
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- CN114427431A CN114427431A CN202010935526.4A CN202010935526A CN114427431A CN 114427431 A CN114427431 A CN 114427431A CN 202010935526 A CN202010935526 A CN 202010935526A CN 114427431 A CN114427431 A CN 114427431A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Abstract
The invention discloses a critical flow control method for liquid carrying of a low-pressure low-yield gas well, which adopts the technical measures of discharging a small amount of liquid by single bubble discharge and discharging accumulated liquid in a shaft for multiple times to discharge the accumulated liquid in the shaft of the low-pressure low-yield gas well. Aiming at the production characteristics of a low-pressure and low-yield gas well producing water, the invention adopts a technical measure opposite to the conventional foam drainage process, so that the water content of foam formed in a shaft is low, the foam density is low, and the surface tension of the foam is low, thereby greatly and effectively reducing the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow of foam drainage of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, effectively discharging the accumulated liquid in the shaft under the conditions of low formation pressure and low gas yield well, enhancing the drainage and gas production effects of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, continuously and stably producing the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, and improving the recovery efficiency and the development benefit of the gas field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drainage gas production technology, in particular to a liquid-carrying critical flow control method for a low-pressure low-yield gas well in a drainage gas production process.
Background
During the production of gas wells, gas wells produce formation water or condensate to varying degrees as the formation pressure of the gas well continues to decrease. In the exploitation of a gas well, the gas production rate that is just enough to carry the produced water from the gas well out of the wellbore is called the critical flow rate of the carrier.
When the gas production rate of the gas well is larger than the critical flow rate of the liquid, the gas well can continuously and smoothly carry the produced water out of the shaft by depending on the gas production rate of the gas well, and the gas well can keep stable production by depending on the energy of the gas well.
As production progresses, the formation pressure of the gas well decreases so that the gas production rate of the gas well also decreases. When the gas production rate of the gas well is gradually reduced to be smaller than the critical flow rate of the liquid carrying, the gas production rate of the gas well is not enough to continuously carry the produced water out of a shaft, and external manual intervention is needed for water drainage and gas production treatment; if drainage gas production treatment is not adopted, the produced water in the gas well increases the gas well back pressure due to deposition, so that the gas well reduces the gas production rate due to the reduction of the production pressure difference, the accumulated liquid in the shaft is further increased, and the gas well is flooded and stops production in serious cases.
Therefore, drainage gas production is a key and necessary technical measure for realizing normal drainage when the gas production rate of the water-producing gas well cannot carry liquid normally. The drainage gas recovery has a plurality of processes, including a foam drainage process with simple process, convenient operation, low cost and wide application range, and is most widely applied to gas well exploitation.
The foam drainage process is characterized in that the added foaming agent is in contact reaction with produced water in a shaft by utilizing the stirring action of airflow in a gas well to generate foam, the density and the surface tension of accumulated liquid in the shaft can be greatly reduced by water-containing foam, so that the liquid carrying critical flow of the gas well is reduced to a certain extent, the accumulated liquid in the shaft is smoothly drained out of the shaft by utilizing the gas yield which is larger than the liquid carrying critical flow of the foaming agent and generated foam under the condition that the current gas yield is unchanged, and the technical requirements of smooth liquid drainage and stable production of the gas well are met.
For a long time, the foam drainage process adopts the technical measures that liquid is drained out by single foam drainage as much as possible and construction times are few to drain accumulated liquid bubbles in a shaft. However, although the critical flow rate of the gas well is reduced to a certain extent, the formed foam has high water content, high foam density and high foam surface tension, so that the gas-liquid mixture density is increased, and the gas well is required to have higher formation pressure and gas production. When such a technique is applied to low pressure, low gas producing wells where formation pressure and gas production are low, drainage and gas production are of little or no effect.
In summary, the existing foam drainage process is not suitable for continuous production of low-pressure, low-producing gas wells producing water.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the liquid carrying critical flow control method of the low-pressure low-yield gas well is provided, which can enable the foam drainage process to be effectively suitable for the continuous production of the low-pressure low-yield gas well producing water.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the control method adopts the technical measures of discharging a small amount of liquid by single bubble discharge and discharging accumulated liquid in a shaft for multiple times to discharge the accumulated liquid in the shaft of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well.
The continuous liquid carrying critical flow of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, qcCritical flow for continuous liquid carrying of gas well foam rows, 104m3/d；
P is the natural gas pressure at a certain position of the well depth, and is MPa;
a is the sectional area of airflow passing through the oil pipe, m2；
Z is the natural gas deviation coefficient under the pressure P, and has no dimension;
t is the temperature of the gas flow at a certain position of the well depth, K;
νcis the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s.
Further, the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow rate of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, vcIs the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s;
c is a constant related to the model of the continuous liquid carrying droplet;
ρwfis the density of water foam of gas well in kg/m3；
ρgIs natural gas density, kg/m3；
σgwSurface tension between natural gas and gas well water, 10-3N/m。
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. aiming at the production characteristics of a low-pressure and low-yield gas well producing water, the invention adopts a technical measure opposite to the conventional foam drainage process, so that the water content of foam formed in a shaft is less, the foam density is less, and the foam surface tension is lower, thereby greatly and effectively reducing the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow of foam drainage of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, effectively discharging the accumulated liquid in the shaft under the conditions of lower formation pressure and lower gas yield well, enhancing the drainage and gas production effects of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, continuously and stably producing the low-pressure and low-yield gas well, and improving the gas field recovery ratio and the development benefit;
2. the invention has the technical measures that the continuous liquid carrying critical flow of the foam discharging of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well is effectively reduced by adjusting and controlling the continuous liquid carrying critical flow rate of the foam discharging, and the liquid can be effectively and smoothly discharged as long as the gas yield of the gas well is larger than the liquid carrying critical flow after the foaming agent is added to generate the foam under the condition that the low-pressure and low-yield gas well keeps the current gas yield;
3. the invention provides a technical measure for controlling the continuous liquid carrying critical flow rate of a foam row of a low-pressure and low-yield gas well, which effectively reduces the continuous liquid carrying critical flow rate of the foam row by adjusting and controlling the foam density and the interfacial tension between gas and liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of gas production curves for a typical gas well in Chunxi before and after the application of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a drainage gas production technology, in particular to a liquid-carrying critical flow control method of a low-pressure low-yield gas well in a drainage gas production process, and the main technical content of the invention is explained in detail below.
The control method adopts the technical measures of discharging a small amount of effusion by single foam discharge and discharging the effusion in the shaft for multiple times to discharge the effusion in the shaft of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well.
In particular, the technical measure of the invention follows two associated model implementations as follows.
The critical flow rate of the continuous liquid carrying of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, vcIs the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s;
c is a constant related to the model of the continuous liquid carrying droplet; wherein, if the continuous liquid carrying drop model is a Turner model, C takes a value of 1.166; if the continuous liquid carrying drop model is a Limin model, the value of C is 0.442; if the continuous liquid droplet carrying model is a Coleman model, the value of C is 0.972;
ρwfis the density of water foam of gas well in kg/m3；
ρgIs natural gas density, kg/m3；
σgwSurface tension between natural gas and gas well water, 10-3N/m。
The continuous liquid-carrying critical flow of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, qcCritical flow for continuous liquid carrying of gas well foam rows, 104m3/d；
P is the natural gas pressure at a certain position of the well depth, and is MPa;
a is the sectional area of airflow passing through the oil pipe, m2；
Z is the natural gas deviation coefficient under the pressure P, and has no dimension;
t is the temperature of the gas flow at a certain position of the well depth, K;
νcis the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s.
From the above two models, it can be seen that the foam density ρ is reducedwfInterfacial tension between gas and liquidgwThe continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity v of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well foam drainage can be effectively reducedcThereby effectively reducing the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow of the low-pressure and low-yield gas well foam drainage. Under the condition that the current gas production rate of the low-pressure and low-gas-production well is kept, as long as the current gas production rate of the gas well is greater than the liquid-carrying critical flow rate after the foaming agent is added and the foam is generated, the gas well can realize smooth liquid drainage, namely, the drainage of the accumulated liquid in the low-pressure and low-gas-production well can be realized through the technical measures of discharging a small amount of accumulated liquid by single foam and discharging accumulated liquid in a shaft for multiple times.
The invention is tested on the spot in a plurality of gas wells of a certain gas field in the West and Sichuan, the well mouth pressure of the gas wells is less than 2MPa, and the daily gas production is less than 0.3 multiplied by 104m3And/d, belonging to a typical low-pressure, low-producing gas well.
Before testing, according to the gas well production characteristics of the gas field, the technical measures according to the invention select suitable foam discharging agents, and generally preferably lower foam density and lower foam water content than the common foaming agentsThe foam scrubbing agent can reduce the foam scrubbing liquid carrying critical flow of a gas well by 0.1 multiplied by 10 under the well condition that the well head pressure is 1.8MPa4m3/d。
According to the technical measure of the invention, the optimized foam discharging agent is adopted to carry out construction in a plurality of gas wells of the gas field. After foam drainage construction, the reaction time of the effluent of the gas wells is obviously shortened, the differential pressure of an oil sleeve is reduced, the effluent is increased, and the effective production period of the gas wells is prolonged; the effective rate of the low-pressure and low-yield well measures of the gas field is improved to 90.7 percent from 84.6 percent of the conventional foam drainage. The comparison result of the gas production curves before and after applying the invention to a typical gas well is shown in fig. 1.
The above detailed description is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the above-mentioned specific technical solutions can still be modified, or some technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its essence.
Claims (3)
1. The liquid-carrying critical flow control method for the low-pressure low-yield gas well is characterized in that the control method adopts the technical measures of discharging a small amount of liquid by single bubble discharge and discharging accumulated liquid in a shaft for multiple times to discharge the accumulated liquid in the shaft of the low-pressure low-yield gas well.
2. The low-pressure low-yield gas well liquid-carrying critical flow control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, qcCritical flow for continuous liquid carrying of gas well foam rows, 104m3/d；
P is the natural gas pressure at a certain position of the well depth, and is MPa;
a is the sectional area of airflow passing through the oil pipe, m2；
Z is the natural gas deviation coefficient under the pressure P, and has no dimension;
t is the temperature of the gas flow at a certain position of the well depth, K;
νcis the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s.
3. The low-pressure low-yield gas well liquid-carrying critical flow control method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow rate of the foam row is determined by the following model:
in the formula, vcIs the continuous liquid-carrying critical flow velocity of the foam row, m/s;
c is a constant related to the model of the continuous liquid carrying droplet;
ρwfis the density of water foam of gas well in kg/m3；
ρgIs natural gas density, kg/m3；
σgwSurface tension between natural gas and gas well water, 10-3N/m。
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| CN202010935526.4A CN114427431A (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Liquid-carrying critical flow control method for low-pressure low-yield gas well |
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Citations (7)
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| CN102911654A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Foaming agent for efficiently carrying fluid and sand for gas well and preparation method and application of foaming agent |
| CN103867184A (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas well critical liquid carrying flow rate determining method and device |
| CN103867170A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Low-yield low-pressure gas well self-production gas foam liquid discharging method |
| CN104498013A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-04-08 | 成都孚吉科技有限责任公司 | Self-foaming-type foaming drainage agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106753303A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 四川锦盛油田技术服务有限公司 | A kind of gas well oil resistant slow-release solid foaming water discharge agent, its preparation method and application |
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2020
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202010935526.4A patent/CN114427431A/en active Pending
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| CN104498013A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-04-08 | 成都孚吉科技有限责任公司 | Self-foaming-type foaming drainage agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CA3060060A1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-25 | Xuan XU | Physical simulation experimental device and method for water invasion and gas production by water drainage in gas reservoirs |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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