CN114420455A - Sparking voltage improver, preparation method thereof and electrolyte - Google Patents
Sparking voltage improver, preparation method thereof and electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 25
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- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical group CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sparking voltage improver, a preparation method thereof and electrolyte. The preparation method of the sparking voltage improver comprises the following steps: mixing an alcohol solvent and an inorganic acid, heating to a first temperature range, and keeping the temperature for a first time; continuously adding organic acid, polyalcohol and high molecular substance, mixing, and continuously keeping the temperature for a second time; heating the solution with the heat preservation meeting the requirement of the second time length to a second temperature range, cooling the solution to a third temperature range after the solution is subjected to heat preservation for a third time length, and preserving the temperature for a fourth time length, wherein the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range; cooling to the use temperature range to form the flashover voltage improver, wherein the continuous stirring is required in the process. The invention can obviously improve the pressure resistance of the electrolyte.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyte of high-voltage electrolytic capacitors, in particular to a sparking voltage improver and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are one of the most critical and important electronic components in electronic circuits. The development of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is mainly directed to the following directions: 1) the voltage is developed to ultra-high voltage, the voltage is rapidly developed to 500V, 550V, 600V and the like in recent years from the previous maximum voltage of 450V, and even higher; 2) the temperature is developed to a wide temperature range from-25 to +85 ℃ to-40 to +105 ℃, and the temperature is developed to-55 to +125 ℃ or even +150 ℃ at present; 3) the development is towards high frequency, low resistance and long service life. The development direction of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is actually the result of the progress of various materials or technologies constituting the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, wherein the most critical materials are anode foil and electrolyte, and particularly, the electrolyte becomes the most critical limiting factor.
The electrolyte for the ultrahigh-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is required to have the characteristics of high conductivity, good high-temperature stability, excellent low-temperature performance, long service life, low saturated steam pressure at various temperatures, high voltage resistance and the like in performance, so that the electrolyte is more in component materials, complex in manufacturing process, particularly the conductivity and the voltage resistance which are in negative correlation with each other, the higher the conductivity is, the lower the voltage resistance is, on the contrary, the lower the conductivity is, the higher the voltage resistance is, and in addition, other characteristics of the electrolyte exist, the voltage resistance and the electric conduction capability of the electrolyte are difficult to be improved at the same time. In the ultra-high pressure aspect, the electrolyte becomes a bottleneck factor hindering the development. The electrolyte is developed towards ultra-high voltage, wherein the key materials are high voltage-resistant electrolyte (i.e. solute) and voltage-resistant boosting additive.
The high voltage-resistant solute is divided into inorganic solute and organic solute, wherein the inorganic solute is less, although the voltage resistance is higher, the conductivity of the electrolyte is lower after the electrolyte is added, and the electrolyte is not suitable for being used independently; the organic solute has higher withstand voltage with the increase of the number of carbon atoms, but has obviously reduced conductivity, and the solubility of the organic electrolyte is obviously reduced with the increase of the number of carbon atoms. Therefore, at present, the organic solute with relatively high conductivity and voltage resistance is considered comprehensively, the voltage resistance is about 500V, and the requirement of ultrahigh voltage is still far from being met. Therefore, in order to obtain higher voltage electrolyte, another key material, namely, voltage-resistant enhancing additive (generally called sparking voltage enhancer) must be added.
The voltage-resistant promotion additive in the electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor is a material or technology which is mainly researched and developed by various electrolyte manufacturers and corresponding chemical material research institutes at present, and the additives mainly comprise organic monomolecular additives, organic polymer additives, organic ester additives, inorganic nano additives and the like at present. The voltage-resistant additives are different from each other in the ability of improving the voltage resistance of the electrolyte, and can reduce the conductivity of the electrolyte to different degrees while improving the voltage resistance of the electrolyte, another key problem is that each type of additive has an addition limit, and even if the amount of the additive is increased after the amount of the additive is exceeded, the voltage resistance of the electrolyte does not rise any more, but the conductivity still decreases in proportion, so that to obtain an ideal ultra-high voltage-resistant electrolyte, a plurality of voltage-resistant improvement additives are generally adopted to be matched for use, or an additive with a better voltage-resistant improvement effect is searched for, so as to improve the voltage-resistant effect of the electrolyte.
The existing voltage-resistant boosting additive (namely, a flashover voltage booster) is mainly not enough in the following aspects: 1. most of the added voltage-resistant lifting capacity is relatively poor; 2. the conductivity of the electrolyte is influenced, namely, after the additive is added, although the electrolyte has certain improvement capacity on the voltage resistance of the electrolyte, the conductivity of the electrolyte is obviously reduced; 3. the additive has no correlation with electrolyte of electrolyte, and has negative effect on reliability and service life of the capacitor after the additive is used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sparking voltage improver, a preparation method thereof and electrolyte, aiming at solving the technical problem of poor voltage improvement capability in the prior art.
The preparation method of the sparking voltage improver provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
mixing an alcohol solvent and an inorganic acid, heating to a first temperature range, and keeping the temperature for a first time;
continuously adding organic acid, polyalcohol and high molecular substance, mixing, and continuously keeping the temperature for a second time;
heating the solution with the heat preservation meeting the requirement of the second time length to a second temperature range, cooling the solution to a third temperature range after the solution is subjected to heat preservation for a third time length, and preserving the temperature for a fourth time length, wherein the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
cooling to the use temperature range to form the flashover voltage improver, wherein the continuous stirring is required in the process.
Further, by mass percent, the alcohol solvent accounts for 50-60%, the inorganic acid accounts for 10-20%, the organic acid accounts for 10-20%, the polyalcohol accounts for 3-5%, and the high molecular substance accounts for 10-20%; or
50-60% of alcohol solvent, 11-25% of inorganic acid, 5-10% of organic acid, 3-5% of polyhydric alcohol and 10-20% of high molecular substance.
Further, the alcohol substance includes at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerin and butylene glycol.
Further, the inorganic acid includes at least one of boric acid and phosphoric acid.
Further, the organic acid includes at least one of dicarboxylic acids having a long carbon chain, organic carboxylic acids having a branched chain.
Further, the dicarboxylic acid having a long carbon chain includes at least one of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid.
Further, the high molecular substance includes at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and water-soluble starch.
The sparking voltage improver provided by the invention is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the sparking voltage improver in the technical scheme.
Further, the alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is sebacic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is polyethylene glycol, wherein the ethylene glycol accounts for 50-60%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20%, the sebacic acid accounts for 10-20%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5%, and the polyethylene glycol accounts for 10-20% by mass percentage.
Further, the alcohol solvent is glycerol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is azelaic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the glycerol accounts for 50-60 wt%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the azelaic acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5 wt%, and the polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 10-20 wt%.
Further, the alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is dodecanedioic acid, the polyalcohol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is water-soluble starch, wherein the ethylene glycol accounts for 50-60 wt%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the dodecanedioic acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5 wt%, and the water-soluble starch accounts for 10-20 wt%.
Further, the alcohol solvent is butanediol, the inorganic acid is boric acid and phosphoric acid, the organic acid is sebacic acid, the polyalcohol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is water-soluble starch, wherein the butanediol accounts for 50-60 wt%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the phosphoric acid accounts for 1-5 wt%, the sebacic acid accounts for 5-10 wt%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5 wt%, and the water-soluble starch accounts for 10-20 wt%.
The electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor provided by the invention comprises the sparking voltage improver in the technical scheme.
Further, in the electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor, the flash voltage improver accounts for 4-6% by mass.
Further, the paint also comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of main solvent and 10-15% of solute; the conventional sparking voltage improver accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the spark plug, and the other accounts for 3-8% of the total weight of the spark plug.
The ultrahigh-voltage aluminum electrolyte additive (namely the sparking voltage improver) developed by the invention expands the variety of high-voltage electrolyte additives, and has the following advantages in the aspects of formula design, production process, performance and the like compared with the prior art:
1. the voltage-resistant effect of the electrolyte is improved obviously, the voltage resistance is improved by about 8-10V when 1% of the sparking voltage improver is added, and the problems that the existing additive is poor in voltage-resistant improvement capacity and low in electrolyte voltage resistance are solved (the existing additive is increased by 1% generally, and the voltage resistance is less than 5V).
2. The influence on the conductivity of the electrolyte is small, the conductivity of the electrolyte is only reduced by about 1% when the content of the electrolyte is increased by 1%, and the electrolyte has obvious superiority compared with the conductivity of the existing additive which is 3-5%.
3. The problem of current additive, only promote electrolyte withstand voltage, have negative effect to the life-span of electrolyte and even condenser is solved. The additive is synthesized by a plurality of high-pressure solutes and organic polymers, has complementarity to the solutes in the electrolyte, namely in the using process, when the solutes in the electrolyte are slowly filled and consumed, the solutes in the additive can be continuously released into the electrolyte, and has a complementary effect on the electrolyte in the electrolyte, thereby prolonging the service life of the capacitor.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the voltage resistance effect of an electrolyte without a sparking voltage booster in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the voltage resistance effect of an electrolyte to which a conventional sparking voltage booster is added in the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the voltage resistance effect of the electrolyte of the present invention with the conventional sparking voltage raising agent added.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Thus, a feature indicated in this specification will serve to explain one of the features of one embodiment of the invention, and does not imply that every embodiment of the invention must have the stated feature. Further, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although some features may be combined to show a possible system design, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly described. Thus, the combinations illustrated are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified.
The electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor mainly comprises the following components: primary solvent, solute (i.e., electrolyte), additive. The main solvent is used for dissolving the electrolyte and ionizing the electrolyte. The solute is electrolyte, and mainly has the effects that under the action of a main solvent, negative and positive ions can be ionized to conduct electricity, and under the action of voltage and current, an anode foil aluminum oxide layer in the capacitor can be continuously repaired, so that the service life of the capacitor is ensured. The additives are more in variety and more complex in action, wherein in the high-voltage electrolyte, the most critical additive is a voltage withstand boosting additive which can also be called a flash voltage booster. The sparking voltage raising agent plays a key role in the withstand voltage of the capacitor caused by the electrolyte.
The preparation process of the additive is also very critical, and the preparation method of the sparking voltage improver is obtained by deeply researching the formula proportion and the preparation process of the additive, and comprises the following steps:
stirring and mixing an alcohol solvent and an inorganic acid, heating to a first temperature range, and keeping the temperature for a first time;
continuously adding the organic acid, the polyol and the high molecular substance, stirring and mixing, and then keeping the temperature for a second time;
heating the solution with the heat preservation meeting the requirement of the second time length to a second temperature range, cooling the solution to a third temperature range after the solution is subjected to heat preservation for a third time length, and preserving the temperature for a fourth time length, wherein the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
cooling to the use temperature range to form the flashover voltage booster.
In a specific embodiment, after the alcohol substance and the organic acid are stirred and mixed, the mixture is heated to 70 ℃ and kept warm for 60 minutes, the organic acid, the polyol and the high molecular substance are continuously added, stirred and mixed, kept warm for 60 minutes, then heated to 160 ℃ and kept warm for 240 minutes, then cooled to 85 ℃ and kept warm for 60 minutes, and finally cooled to below 60 ℃ for use. Continuous stirring is required in the above process. The present invention is not limited to this particular embodiment, for example, the first temperature range may be 50-80 deg.C, the second temperature range may be 150-170 deg.C, the third temperature range may be 75-95 deg.C, and the use temperature range may be 0-60 deg.C. The first to fourth time periods may each be ± 5 minutes or 10 minutes on the exemplified examples.
In one embodiment, the alcohol solvent accounts for 50-60 wt%, the inorganic acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the organic acid accounts for 10-20 wt%, the polyol accounts for 3-5 wt%, and the high molecular substance accounts for 10-20 wt%.
In another embodiment, the alcohol solvent accounts for 50-60 wt%, the inorganic acid accounts for 11-25 wt%, the organic acid accounts for 5-10 wt%, the polyol accounts for 3-5 wt%, and the high molecular substance accounts for 10-20 wt%.
The alcohol solvent and the polyalcohol are selected, the dihydric alcohol or the polyalcohol with higher melting point and boiling point is required to be selected, the alcohol is not easy to vaporize and is easy to participate in reaction at higher temperature, the alcohol substance comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and butanediol, the polyalcohol can be selected from mannitol, and the polyalcohol can improve the pressure resistance of the electrolyte.
The acid is mainly selected from the group consisting of boric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, and the inorganic acid is preferably selected from the group consisting of boric acid and phosphoric acid. The organic carboxylic acid is selected from dicarboxylic acids with long carbon chain, such as azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid or branched organic carboxylic acids, and in specific embodiments, the organic acid includes at least one of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid. Mainly due to the characteristics of high voltage resistance, weak acidity, easy reaction participation and the like of the acidic substances. That is, under certain conditions, it can react with alcohol to obtain high molecular weight and high voltage-resistant polymer, and when the electrolyte content in the solution is reduced by consumption, the acid can supplement the electrolyte, and prolong the service life of electrolyte and capacitor.
The polymer is selected mainly from organic polymers with relatively large molecular weight, which are soluble in water or ethylene glycol and contain more hydroxyl groups (-OH), and the organic polymers themselves have a certain effect of improving the voltage resistance of the electrolyte.
The sparking voltage improver prepared by the technical scheme can be specifically provided with the following formula proportion tables, and besides the following formula proportion tables, the technical personnel in the field can also carry out proper adjustment and deformation within the range of the technical scheme, and the sparking voltage improver belongs to the protection range of the invention.
In the first embodiment, the sparking voltage raising agent is named as additive 1, wherein the alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is sebacic acid, the polyol is mannitol, the high molecular substance is polyethylene glycol, and the weight percentage of the ethylene glycol is 50% -60%, the weight percentage of the boric acid is 10% -20%, the weight percentage of the sebacic acid is 10% -20%, the weight percentage of the mannitol is 3% -5%, and the weight percentage of the polyethylene glycol is 10% -20%.
In the second embodiment, the sparking voltage raising agent is named as additive 2, wherein the alcohol solvent is glycerol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is azelaic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the glycerol accounts for 50-60%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20%, the azelaic acid accounts for 10-20%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5%, and the polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 10-20% by weight.
In a third embodiment, the voltage booster is named as additive 3, wherein the alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is dodecanedioic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is water-soluble starch, wherein the ethylene glycol accounts for 50-60%, the boric acid accounts for 10-20%, the dodecanedioic acid accounts for 10-20%, the mannitol accounts for 3-5%, and the water-soluble starch accounts for 10-20% by weight.
In a fourth embodiment, the voltage booster is named as additive 4, wherein the alcohol solvent is butanediol, the inorganic acid is boric acid and phosphoric acid, the organic acid is sebacic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is water-soluble starch, wherein the butanediol accounts for 50% -60%, the boric acid accounts for 10% -20%, the phosphoric acid accounts for 1% -5%, the sebacic acid accounts for 5% -10%, the mannitol accounts for 3% -5%, and the water-soluble starch accounts for 10% -20% by weight.
The components and mass percentages of the above four specific examples can also be seen in the following table.
TABLE 1 detailed proportioning tables for four specific examples
When the sparking voltage improver obtained by the technical scheme of the invention is added into the electrolyte of a certain high-voltage electrolytic capacitor with the same existing component ratio (except for the newly added sparking voltage improver), the additive 3 with the best voltage-resistant improvement effect can improve the voltage by 8-10V and by about 5% when added by 1%, and the voltage resistance of the electrolyte can be improved by more than 50V.
Specific test experiments show that the four additives have more obvious effect of improving the voltage resistance of the electrolyte compared with the existing sparking voltage improver, and the main surfaces of the four additives are that 1, the electrolyte voltage resistance is improved obviously, and the electrolyte voltage resistance can be improved by 8-10V when the content of the electrolyte voltage is increased by 1%. 2. After the electrolyte is added, the service life of the electrolyte is prolonged. The specific parameters obtained by the test are compared in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison table of experimental test parameters of four sparking voltage raising additives of the present invention
The invention also protects the electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor adopting any one of the above technical schemes, wherein the mass percentage of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor is 4-6%.
The electrolyte of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor also comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of main solvent and 10-15% of solute; the proportion of the conventional sparking voltage improver is 10-20 percent, and the proportion of the conventional sparking voltage improver is 3-8 percent, such as inorganic nano silicon and the like.
Through experimental test comparison of the invention, the formula ratio of the existing formula (the original formula in the table) without adding the conventional sparking voltage enhancer, the formula (the existing additive in the table) with adding the conventional sparking voltage enhancer, the formula (the self-made additive in the table) with adding the sparking voltage enhancer of the invention and the obtained electrolyte parameters are shown in the following tables 3 and 4.
| Serial number | Name of Material | Original formula | Existing additives | Adding self-made additive |
| 1 | Principal solvent | 75～85 | 70～80 | 65～75 |
| 2 | |
10～15 | 10～15 | 10～15 |
| 3 | Existing additives | / | 10～20 | 10～20 |
| 4 | Self-made additive 3 | / | / | 4～6 |
| 5 | Others | 3～8 | 3～8 | 3～8 |
TABLE 3 formulation ratios of the three formulations
| Serial number | Electrolyte solution | Conductivity (ms/cm) | pH value | Initial sparking voltage (V) |
| 1 | Original formula | 1.45 | 6.45 | 490.1 |
| 2 | Existing additive formulations | 1.02 | 6.41 | 562.7 |
| 3 | Adding self-made additive formula | 0.96 | 6.24 | 616.7 |
TABLE 4 comparison table of parameters of electrolytes obtained by three formulas
The electrolyte obtained by the existing formula (the original formula in the table) without adding the conventional sparking voltage improver has high conductivity and low voltage resistance of about 490V, and is only suitable for being used as a 400-450V high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
The electrolyte obtained by adding the conventional sparking voltage improver formula (the existing additive in the table) has the advantages that the conductivity is obviously reduced to about 30 percent, the sparking voltage is obviously improved to about 560V, and the electrolyte is suitable for producing 500-550V ultrahigh-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
The conductivity of the electrolyte obtained by adding the formula of the sparking voltage improver (adding the self-made additive in the table) is reduced by about 5%, the sparking voltage is obviously increased again to reach about 616V, and the electrolyte is suitable for producing 550-600V ultrahigh-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
In the electrolyte obtained by the four sparking voltage raising additives, the additive 1 is the worst effect, and when the additive 3 is replaced by the additive 1 according to the proportion of the last column in the table 3, the withstand voltage of the obtained electrolyte is raised on the basis of the existing addition, but is still low, so that the electrolyte is not suitable for being used as a 600V capacitor and is only suitable for being used as a 550V capacitor, and the specific formula ratio and the parameters of the electrolyte are shown in the table 5 and the table 6.
| Serial number | Name of Material | Adding self-made |
| 1 | Solvent(s) | 65～75 |
| 2 | |
10～15 |
| 3 | Existing |
10～20 |
| 4 | Self-made additive 1 | 4～6 |
| 5 | Others | 3～8 |
TABLE 5 formulation of electrolyte prepared with additive 1
TABLE 6 Table of measured parameters of electrolyte solution obtained from TABLE 5
The high voltage referred to herein refers to a voltage of 500V or more.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A preparation method of a sparking voltage improver is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing an alcohol solvent and an inorganic acid, heating to a first temperature range, and keeping the temperature for a first time;
continuously adding organic acid, polyalcohol and high molecular substance, mixing, and continuously keeping the temperature for a second time;
heating the solution with the heat preservation meeting the requirement of the second time length to a second temperature range, cooling the solution to a third temperature range after the solution is subjected to heat preservation for a third time length, and preserving the temperature for a fourth time length, wherein the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
cooling to the use temperature range to form the flashover voltage improver, wherein the continuous stirring is required in the process.
2. The method for preparing a sparking voltage enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol solvent is 50% -60% by mass, the inorganic acid is 10% -20% by mass, the organic acid is 10% -20% by mass, the polyhydric alcohol is 3% -5% by mass, and the high molecular substance is 10% -20% by mass; or
50-60% of alcohol solvent, 11-25% of inorganic acid, 5-10% of organic acid, 3-5% of polyhydric alcohol and 10-20% of high molecular substance.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the alcohol comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and butylene glycol.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic acid comprises at least one of boric acid and phosphoric acid.
5. The method for preparing a sparking voltage enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic acid includes at least one of a dicarboxylic acid having a long carbon chain and a branched organic carboxylic acid.
6. The method for preparing a sparking voltage enhancer according to claim 5, wherein the dicarboxylic acid having a long carbon chain includes at least one of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid.
7. The method for preparing a sparking voltage raising agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high molecular weight substance includes at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and water-soluble starch.
8. A sparking voltage enhancer characterized by being produced by the method for producing a sparking voltage enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The sparking voltage enhancer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, the inorganic acid is boric acid, the organic acid is sebacic acid, the polyol is mannitol, and the high molecular substance is polyethylene glycol, wherein the proportion of ethylene glycol is 50-60%, the proportion of boric acid is 10-20%, the proportion of sebacic acid is 10-20%, the proportion of mannitol is 3-5%, and the proportion of polyethylene glycol is 10-20% by mass.
10. The sparking voltage enhancer as set forth in claim 8, wherein said alcoholic solvent is glycerol, said inorganic acid is boric acid, said organic acid is azelaic acid, said polyol is mannitol, said polymeric substance is polyvinyl alcohol, wherein said glycerol is 50-60%, said boric acid is 10-20%, said azelaic acid is 10-20%, said mannitol is 3-5%, and said polyvinyl alcohol is 10-20%, by mass.
11. The sparking voltage raising agent as claimed in claim 8, wherein said alcohol solvent is ethylene glycol, said inorganic acid is boric acid, said organic acid is dodecanedioic acid, said polyhydric alcohol is mannitol, said high molecular substance is water-soluble starch, wherein said alcohol solvent is 50-60 wt%, said boric acid solvent is 10-20 wt%, said dodecanedioic acid solvent is 10-20 wt%, said mannitol solvent is 3-5 wt%, and said water-soluble starch solvent is 10-20 wt%.
12. The sparking voltage enhancer as claimed in claim 8, wherein said alcohol solvent is butanediol, said inorganic acid is boric acid and phosphoric acid, said organic acid is sebacic acid, said polyol is mannitol, said polymer substance is water-soluble starch, wherein said butanediol is 50% -60%, said boric acid is 10% -20%, said phosphoric acid is 1% -5%, said sebacic acid is 5% -10%, said mannitol is 3% -5%, and said water-soluble starch is 10% -20%, by weight.
13. An electrolyte for a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor, comprising the sparking voltage raising agent according to any one of claims 8 to 12.
14. The electrolyte for high-voltage electrolytic capacitors as claimed in claim 13, wherein the sparking voltage raising agent is present in the electrolyte for high-voltage electrolytic capacitors in an amount of 4 to 6% by weight.
15. The electrolyte for a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 14, further comprising the following components in mass percent: 65-75% of main solvent and 10-15% of solute; the conventional sparking voltage improver accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the spark plug, and the other accounts for 3-8% of the total weight of the spark plug.
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