CN114414375B - Device and method for lateral limit compression test of rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate - Google Patents
Device and method for lateral limit compression test of rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for a lateral limit compression test of a rockfill material with a controllable drainage rate, belongs to the technical field of research on particle material mechanics, and aims to solve the technical problem that a certain time rule exists in water level lifting of a dam, and simulation of the water level lifting is difficult to perform well. The device comprises a container, a drainage valve, a flowmeter device for measuring the instantaneous drainage amount and a control system; the container is provided with a water outlet, the drainage valve is arranged at the water outlet, the flowmeter device is arranged on the drainage valve, the control system is communicated with the flowmeter device and the drainage valve, and the control system adjusts the actual opening amount of the drainage valve when the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device changes according to the coefficient relation between the determined opening amount of the drainage valve and the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device. The test device and the method are simple in structure and easy to operate, are beneficial to the development of indoor tests in the field, are beneficial to the promotion of research on the wet deformation theory of the rockfill material, and have high practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of research on granular material mechanics, in particular to a lateral limit compression test device and method for a rockfill material with a controllable drainage rate.
Background
The piled stone has the characteristics of easy compaction, high strength, small deformation and the like after compaction, and is widely applied to the engineering construction of earth and rockfill dams.
For the rock-fill body, excessive deformation can cause significant difference between the core wall and the rock-fill body, and the coordinated development of deformation among different partitions of the dam body is affected; the panel is easy to be emptied, and the seepage-proofing system of the dam body is adversely affected, so that the safe operation of the whole engineering is endangered. Therefore, the deformation control is a key problem of the construction of the high earth and rockfill dam, and the long-term deformation research of the rockfill material is necessary. The long-term deformation of the piled material can be simply summarized into the following aspects, namely, the rheological deformation under the condition of constant stress after the dam body is built; humidification deformation caused by water storage; deformation caused by stress circulation change caused by the elevation change of the water level of the warehouse in the operation period and deformation caused by other factors such as dry and wet circulation of the dam material, temperature circulation and the like which can cause the deterioration of the properties of the rockfill material.
The earth-rock dam, especially the high earth-rock dam, has obvious long-term deformation after completion. Deformation control is a key problem in earth and rockfill dam construction. The rheological deformation is taken as an important component for the long-term deformation of the dam body, and the rheological deformation characteristic is increasingly valued by engineering researchers. Shen Zhujiang and the like propose a 3-parameter rheological calculation model according to the test, and perform feedback analysis on the observation data of 4 rock-fill dams, so as to obtain rheological parameter ranges of soft rock-fill stones, gravel materials and common rock-fill stones. Liang Jun and the like study the rheological deformation mechanism and deformation rule of the face plate dam heap rock material by carrying out the rheological test of the heap rock material in a large-scale compression instrument, and fitting and analyzing test data, and find that the rheological deformation of the heap rock material decays exponentially with time.
The rheological influence factors of the rock-fill body are numerous, such as the change of the strength, the grain grading characteristic, the filling density and the load of the rock-fill body. Because of different mineral components and causes, the engineering characteristics of the rock-soil materials tend to be obviously different, so that the rheological model parameters of certain pile materials are difficult to determine, and the rheological data parameters of other pile materials are not necessarily suitable for the design calculation of new engineering. Thus, the rheological model parameters for determining the heap material should be determined by means of an in-house rheological test.
The wet deformation of the rock-fill material refers to the deformation of the rock-fill material when the dry state is changed into the wet state when the rock-fill material is in contact with water, and is one of the main factors for generating the later deformation of the rock-fill dam. In the construction or operation process of the rock-fill dam, due to the reasons of reservoir water storage, water level fluctuation, rainwater immersion into the dam body and the like, the rock-fill material is changed from dry to wet to soften to different degrees, particles can be crushed at contact edges, so that the internal configuration of the filling body is adjusted, obvious humidification deformation of the rock-fill body is caused, the dam body can be partially wet, and local cracks endanger the safety of the dam. The rock-fill material is a main filling material of the rock-fill dam, and the deformation characteristic of the rock-fill dam under the dry-wet circulation condition is researched, so that the deformation rule of the rock-fill dam in the long-term operation process can be better understood, and uneven sedimentation and seepage damage can be prevented. Aiming at the wet deformation of rockfill materials, in 1972, nobari and Duncan are combined with monitoring data of some dams, the development rule of the stress strain of the earth-rock dams under the condition of water storage is researched, and the influence of water on the material properties is emphasized. Since then, a plurality of scholars have developed rich humidification test researches aiming at filling rock-fill materials of different projects, and establish a plurality of rock-fill dam humidification deformation models. At present, many scholars at home and abroad conduct careful study on the primary immersion wetting deformation of the rock-fill material, for example, the wetting deformation and the influencing factors thereof are studied through a single-line method and a double-line method.
Although the existing test method and the research on rheological deformation and humidification deformation of the rockfill material have achieved certain results, certain defects still exist. For example, the "two-wire method" cannot reflect the humidification deformation under the isobaric stress state, and the related data show that the calculated humidification deformation is smaller, and the smaller value is unsafe for engineering; the single-line method is difficult to avoid errors in the test, has larger discrete type, adopts different research means, and has inconsistent conclusion and poor unified regularity; when the rheological deformation test of the rock-fill material is carried out, the drainage rate of the rock-fill material is not controlled, but in reality, a certain time rule exists for the water level of the dam to rise and fall, so that the simulation is difficult to carry out well; most of the rheological deformation and wet deformation tests are triaxial tests, and the study of uniaxial compression deformation tests is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects existing in the test, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the lateral limit compression of a rock pile material at a controllable rate, which can accurately control the drainage rate in the test of the wetting lateral limit compression of the rock pile material and study the influence of the drainage rate on the uniaxial wetting deformation of the rock pile material.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the lateral limit compression test device for the rock-fill material with the drainage rate control comprises a container, a drainage valve, a flowmeter device for measuring instantaneous drainage and a control system;
the container is provided with a water outlet, the drainage valve is arranged at the water outlet, the flowmeter device is arranged on the drainage valve, the control system is communicated with the flowmeter device and the drainage valve, and the control system adjusts the actual opening amount of the drainage valve when the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device changes according to the determined coefficient relation between the opening amount of the drainage valve and the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device.
The lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate can accurately control the drainage rate of the rockfill material during the test in the lateral limit compression, and study the influence of the drainage rate on the humidification deformation of the rockfill material under the lateral limit compression condition; the Hall flowmeter is a measuring sensor with higher precision, is simple and easy to use, is accurate, has low cost and small volume, and is easy to integrate in various applications; the wall of the cylindrical container is made of transparent materials, so that the test phenomenon can be observed in the test conveniently. The lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in operation, is beneficial to the development of indoor tests in the field, is beneficial to the promotion of research on the deformation theory of the rockfill material, and has high practicability.
The invention also provides a lateral limit compression experimental method for the rock-fill material with the controllable drainage rate, which comprises the following steps:
step S10: the drainage valve, the container and the flowmeter device are connected in a combined way;
step S20: slowly placing the particle material to be tested into the container, and injecting water into the container;
s30, performing a lateral limit compression test on the granular material to be tested in the container, and recording the corresponding relation between the force and the displacement curve in the compression process;
step S40: and connecting a control system with the drainage valve and the flowmeter device, debugging and correcting the control system, and after the control system is stable, performing humidification tests at different drainage rates to study the influence of the drainage rate on humidification deformation of the stacking material under the side limit compression condition.
The beneficial effects of the method are the same as those of the 'controllable drainage rate type rock-fill lateral limit compression test device', and the discussion is not repeated here.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lateral limit compression test device for a rock-fill material with a controllable drainage rate;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the controlled drainage rate rockfill lateral confinement compression test apparatus of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of the drain portion in fig. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a filter screen according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is an exploded view of the drain valve according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a container; 11-a cylinder; 12-filtering the mixture; 13-a water outlet; 2-a drain valve; 21-connecting pipes; 22-valve blades; 23-blade upper track; 24-under-blade track; 3-a flow meter device; 31-hall flowmeter; 32-a drain pipe; 4-a control system; 41-a data collector; 42-controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more than one unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 to 5 in detail, the invention provides a lateral limit compression test device for a rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate, which comprises a container 1, a drainage valve 2, a flowmeter device 3 for measuring instantaneous drainage and a control system 4;
the container 1 is provided with a water outlet 13, the water discharge valve 2 is arranged at the water outlet 13, the flowmeter device 3 is arranged on the water discharge valve 2, the control system 4 is communicated with the flowmeter device 3 and the water discharge valve 2, and the control system 4 adjusts the actual opening amount of the water discharge valve 2 when the instantaneous water discharge amount of the flowmeter device 3 changes according to the determined coefficient relation between the opening amount of the water discharge valve 2 and the instantaneous water discharge amount of the flowmeter device 3.
The lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate can accurately control the drainage rate of the rockfill material during the test in the lateral limit compression, and study the influence of the drainage rate on the humidification deformation of the rockfill material under the lateral limit compression condition; the Hall flowmeter is a measuring sensor with higher precision, is simple and easy to use, is accurate, has low cost and small volume, and is easy to integrate in various applications; the wall of the cylindrical container is made of transparent materials, so that the test phenomenon can be observed in the test conveniently. The lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in operation, is beneficial to the development of indoor tests in the field, is beneficial to the promotion of research on the deformation theory of the rockfill material, and has high practicability.
As an embodiment, the drain valve 2 includes a connection pipe 21, a valve blade 22, an upper blade rail 23, and a lower blade rail 24; the connecting pipe 21 is arranged on the upper blade rail 23, the connecting pipe 21 is connected with the water outlet 13, the lower blade rail 24 is arranged on the upper blade rail 23, the valve blade 22 is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the upper blade rail 23 and the lower blade rail 24, and the opening and closing degree of the valve blade 22 is regulated to control the opening and closing amount of the valve by the drainage valve 2.
The valve blade 22 has cylindrical protrusions from top to bottom, and is respectively embedded into the upper blade rail 23 and the lower blade rail 24, and the upper blade rail 23 and the lower blade rail 24 are combined to provide a sliding rail for the valve blade. The track of the upper and lower tracks of the blade is different, when the upper track 23 of the blade and the lower track 24 of the blade rotate relatively, the valve blade 22 slides in the sliding track under the pushing of the lower track 24 of the blade, through the set track, when the valve blade 22 slides along the track, an opening can be formed, namely, the opening and the closing can be realized, and the valve blade can be better regulated under the control of the control system 4 according to actual requirements. Furthermore, the connecting pipe 21 is in sealing connection with the water outlet 13, so that water leakage can be effectively avoided, and the accuracy of an experiment result is ensured.
As an embodiment, the flow meter device 3 includes a hall flow meter 31 and a drain pipe 32; the hall flowmeter 31 is mounted on the under-vane rail 24, the drain pipe 32 is connected to the hall flowmeter 31, and the drain pipe 32 is communicated with the connecting pipe 21.
The hall flowmeter 31 is a measuring sensor with higher precision, is simple and easy to use, accurate, low in cost and small in size, is easy to integrate in various applications, and also effectively ensures the accuracy of experimental results.
As an embodiment, the hall flowmeter 31 is screwed to the under-blade rail 24.
The form of threaded connection is adopted, so that the installation and the disassembly are simpler and more convenient, and the same type of the installation and the disassembly are easy to maintain.
As an embodiment, the control system 4 includes a data collector 41 and a controller 42; the data collector 41 is communicated with the hall flowmeter 31, and the controller 42 is communicated with the drain valve 2.
The control system 4 can effectively collect the water discharge amount of the hall flowmeter 31 and can also effectively control the opening amount of the water discharge valve 2 through the data collector 41 and the controller 42.
As an embodiment, the container 1 comprises a cylinder 11; the cylinder 11 is made of transparent organic glass, and the water outlet 13 is arranged on the cylinder 11.
The cylinder 11 is in the form of transparent organic glass, which ensures the excellent characteristics of high transparency, high mechanical strength, light weight, easy processing and the like of the cylinder 11. Further, the water outlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 11, so that water in the cylinder 11 can flow out through the water outlet 13 better.
As an alternative embodiment, the container 1 further comprises a sieve 12; a sieve 12 is mounted in the cylinder 11 and covers the water outlet 13.
The filter screen 12 can effectively prevent the particle material to be detected from entering the drainage valve 2 through the water outlet, ensures the purity of the outflow water and ensures the accuracy of the detection result.
Embodiment two:
on the basis of the lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate in the first embodiment, the lateral limit compression test method for the rockfill material with the controllable drainage rate is also provided, and comprises the following steps:
step S10: the drainage valve, the container and the flowmeter device are connected in a combined way;
step S20: slowly placing the granular material to be tested into a container, and injecting water into the container;
s30, performing a lateral limit compression test on the granular material to be tested in the container, and recording the corresponding relation between the force and the displacement curve in the compression process;
step S40: the control system is connected with the drainage valve and the flowmeter device, debugging and correction are carried out on the control system, after the control system is stable, humidification tests under different drainage rates are carried out, and the influence of the drainage rates on humidification deformation of the stacking material under the lateral limit compression condition is studied.
The lateral limit compression test method for the rock-fill material with the controllable drainage rate can accurately control the drainage rate of the rock-fill material during the lateral limit compression test, and study the influence of the drainage rate on the humidification deformation of the rock-fill material under the lateral limit compression condition; the Hall flowmeter is a measuring sensor with higher precision, is simple and easy to use, is accurate, has low cost and small volume, and is easy to integrate in various applications; the wall of the cylindrical container is made of transparent materials, so that the test phenomenon can be observed in the test conveniently. The lateral limit compression test method for the rock-fill material with the controllable drainage rate is easy to operate, is beneficial to the development of indoor tests in the field, is beneficial to the promotion of research on the deformation theory of the rock-fill material, and has high practicability.
The invention can carry out lateral limit compression test on different shapes of rock-fill granular materials. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, for example: the valve blade patterns can be used in other blade patterns without affecting the implementation of the test process. The present invention is intended to include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the invention should be covered. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The lateral limit compression test device for the rock-fill material with the controllable drainage rate is characterized by comprising a container, a drainage valve, a flowmeter device for measuring instantaneous drainage and a control system;
the container is provided with a water outlet, the drainage valve is arranged at the water outlet, the flowmeter device is arranged on the drainage valve, the control system is communicated with the flowmeter device and the drainage valve, and the control system adjusts the actual opening amount of the drainage valve when the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device changes according to the determined coefficient relation between the opening amount of the drainage valve and the instantaneous drainage amount of the flowmeter device;
the drainage valve comprises a connecting pipe, a valve blade, a blade upper rail and a blade lower rail;
the connecting pipe is arranged on the upper blade rail, the connecting pipe is connected with the water outlet, the lower blade rail is arranged on the upper blade rail, the valve blade is arranged in a cavity enclosed by the upper blade rail and the lower blade rail, and the opening and closing degree of the valve blade is adjusted by the drain valve to control the opening and closing amount of the valve;
the upper blade rail is combined with the lower blade rail to provide a sliding rail for the valve blade; the upper and lower tracks of the blades are different, when the upper track of the blades and the lower track of the blades rotate relatively, the valve blades slide in the sliding tracks under the pushing of the lower track of the blades, and through the set tracks, when the valve blades slide along the tracks, an opening can be formed, so that the valve blades can be opened and closed.
2. The device for testing lateral limit compression of a rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate according to claim 1, wherein the flowmeter comprises a hall flowmeter and a drainage pipe;
the Hall flowmeter is installed on the lower blade track, the drain pipe is connected with the Hall flowmeter, and the drain pipe is communicated with the connecting pipe.
3. The device for testing lateral limit compression of rockfill material with controllable drainage rate according to claim 2, wherein the hall flowmeter is connected with the lower rail of the blade through threads.
4. The controlled drainage rate rockfill material lateral confinement compression test device of claim 3, wherein the control system comprises a data collector and a controller;
the data collector is communicated with the Hall flowmeter, and the controller is communicated with the drainage valve.
5. The controlled drainage rate rockfill material lateral confinement compression test device of claim 1, wherein the container comprises a cylinder;
the cylinder is made of transparent organic glass, and the water outlet is arranged on the cylinder.
6. The controlled drainage rate rockfill material lateral confinement compression test device of claim 5, wherein the container further comprises a screen;
the filter screen is arranged in the cylinder and covers the water outlet.
7. An experimental method based on the lateral limit compression test device for the rockfill material with controllable drainage rate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S10: the drainage valve, the container and the flowmeter device are connected in a combined way;
step S20: slowly placing the particle material to be tested into the container, and injecting water into the container;
s30, performing a lateral limit compression test on the granular material to be tested in the container, and recording the corresponding relation between the force and the displacement curve in the compression process;
step S40: and connecting the control system with the drainage valve and the flowmeter device, debugging and correcting the control system, and after the control system is stable, performing humidification experiments at different drainage rates to study the influence of the drainage rate on humidification deformation of the stacking material under the side limit compression condition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210071651.4A CN114414375B (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Device and method for lateral limit compression test of rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210071651.4A CN114414375B (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Device and method for lateral limit compression test of rock-fill material with controllable drainage rate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114414375A CN114414375A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
| CN114414375B true CN114414375B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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