CN114413428A - Central air conditioner - Google Patents

Central air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114413428A
CN114413428A CN202210088865.2A CN202210088865A CN114413428A CN 114413428 A CN114413428 A CN 114413428A CN 202210088865 A CN202210088865 A CN 202210088865A CN 114413428 A CN114413428 A CN 114413428A
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China
Prior art keywords
air cooling
sum
cooling module
output rate
compressors
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CN202210088865.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114413428B (en
Inventor
张德凯
王瑞佳
林文涛
任兆亭
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Qingdao Hisense Hitachi Air Conditioning System Co Ltd
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Qingdao Hisense Hitachi Air Conditioning System Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/54—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/56—Remote control
    • F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A central air conditioner comprising: a plurality of air-cooled modules, in which one or more compressors are arranged; and a plurality of waterway terminals respectively in fluid connection with the air-cooling module; further comprising: a cloud control platform communicatively coupled to the air-cooled module and configured to perform one or more of the following operations: acquiring working states of a plurality of waterway terminals; predicting and calculating the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load; and determining the air cooling module in operation according to the predicted and calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of available compressors in operation so as to increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load synchronously. The invention depends on the cloud control platform to adjust the number of the air cooling modules required to be put into operation and the number of available compressors at any time along with the change of external load, so that the refrigerating capacity of the unit and the external heat load are synchronously increased and decreased to achieve the optimal matching, and the unit always operates at the optimal efficiency.

Description

Central air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a central air conditioner.
Background
In recent years, central air conditioning systems with low energy consumption, environmental protection requirements and intelligent operation are generally required to be adopted in emerging urban buildings (especially high-rise buildings). The design of the central air-conditioning system and the optimal selection and accurate control of the matched equipment are inseparable and complementary.
The existing wired network and wireless network functions of the central air conditioner only realize the remote detection and control of the unit, and only can control the on-off, working mode and set temperature of the unit to complete basic functions. Conventional control is also implemented by a processor built into the unit itself. The local processor has limited calculation capability, and has limitations on calculation complexity and calculation precision, and particularly cannot cope with complex environmental loads of a plurality of using terminals of the central air conditioner.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the limitations of the operation complexity and the operation accuracy of a local processor and deal with the complex environmental loads of a plurality of using terminals of a central air conditioner, the invention provides the central air conditioner.
A central air conditioner comprising:
the air cooling system comprises a plurality of air cooling modules, a compressor and a controller, wherein one or more compressors are arranged in the air cooling modules; and
the water path terminals are respectively in fluid connection with the air cooling module;
the central air conditioner further includes:
the cloud control platform is in communication connection with the air cooling module; the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
acquiring working states of a plurality of waterway terminals;
predicting and calculating the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load; and
and determining the air cooling module in operation according to the predicted and calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of available compressors in operation so as to increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load synchronously.
The central air conditioner provided by the invention realizes cloud collection of data by relying on a cloud control platform, obtains the operation parameters of a waterway terminal, predicts the use output rate required to be reached by air cooling module combination in the future through complex loading and unloading calculation based on a multi-parameter data model of the cloud control platform, further determines the air cooling modules which are put into operation according to the predicted use output rate, and directly sends control instructions to the air cooling modules to control the number of available compressors which are put into operation, thereby realizing the optimal efficiency load output of a unit and prolonging the service life of the unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a central air conditioner according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an alternative communication path between an NB-IoT wireless communication module and a cloud control platform in a central air conditioner according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a cloud control platform;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the cloud control platform when acquiring the working states of a plurality of waterway terminals;
FIG. 5 is a first flowchart of the cloud control platform in predicting an output rate of an air cooling module that matches an external heat load;
FIG. 6 is a second flowchart of the cloud control platform predicting the output rate of the air cooling module matching the external heat load;
FIG. 7 is a first flowchart of the cloud control platform controlling the number of compressors to be operated according to the output rate of the air cooling module calculated by prediction to increase, decrease and match the cooling capacity with the external heat load;
FIG. 8 is a hierarchical control architecture for all available compressors in the air cooling module;
fig. 9 is a first flowchart of the cloud control platform controlling the number of compressors put into operation according to the output rate of the air cooling module calculated by prediction to increase and match the cooling capacity with the external heat load under the layered architecture shown in fig. 8;
FIG. 10 is a first flowchart of the method for controlling the number of compressors to be operated by the cloud control platform according to the output rate of the air cooling module calculated by prediction to reduce and match the cooling capacity with the external heat load under the layered architecture shown in FIG. 8;
fig. 11 is a second flowchart of the cloud control platform controlling the number of compressors put into operation according to the output rate of the air cooling module calculated by prediction under the layered architecture shown in fig. 8, so that the cooling capacity is increased and matched with the external heat load synchronously.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The central air conditioner shown in fig. 1 is exemplified by a modular air-cooled cold (hot) water machine set 10. The modular air-cooled water cooling (heating) machine set 10 is a water cooling (heating) machine set formed by combining a plurality of air-cooled modules 11 in parallel, wherein each air-cooled module 11 comprises one or more refrigeration compressors, a water-cooled heat exchanger, an air-cooled heat exchanger and a local controller. Such a central air conditioner can provide cold or hot water for air conditioning of an industrial or building. Because the modularized air-cooled water chilling unit only adopts the air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with the air heat source, the modularized air-cooled water chilling unit has obvious advantages in the aspects of saving water sources, occupying space, saving cooling water pumps and cooling towers and the like.
From the viewpoint of the refrigeration cycle, the above-described central air conditioner performs a heating and refrigeration cycle similarly to the prior art modular air-cooled cold (hot) water unit, also by means of the compressor, the condenser, the throttling device, and the evaporator. The heating and cooling cycle includes a series of processes involving compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation to provide cold or hot water for industrial or building air conditioning. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the compressor, the compressor compresses the refrigerant gas in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged. The discharged refrigerant gas flows into a condenser, which condenses the compressed refrigerant into a liquid phase, and heat is released to the surrounding environment through the condensation process. The throttle device expands the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant condensed in the condenser into a low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant. The evaporator evaporates the refrigerant expanded in the throttling device, and returns the refrigerant gas in a low-temperature and low-pressure state to the compressor. The evaporator can achieve a cooling effect by heat-exchanging with a material to be cooled (e.g., water) using latent heat of evaporation of a refrigerant. The central air conditioner may provide cold or hot water for industrial or building air conditioning throughout the cycle. The cold water or hot water provided by the cold (hot) water machine set and under the set working condition is further pressurized by a water pump according to the requirement and is sent to the terminal device of each air-conditioning room, namely the waterway terminal 22, by a pipeline. The waterway terminal 22 is represented by a fan coil, cold water and hot water exchange heat with each other in the fan coil, air is treated (cooled or heated), a heat (cold) load of the air-conditioned room is released to the cold (hot) water, and a residual moisture content is condensed to a water droplet bottom, so that a temperature and humidity required in the air-conditioned room are maintained, and the purpose of air conditioning is achieved. In the present embodiment, the waterway terminal 22 may be a vertical type, a horizontal type, a ceiling type, or the like. In addition to the fan coil, the waterway terminal 22 may be a hot water storage tank or a heating terminal.
The water-cooled heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger are used as a condenser or an evaporator. When the air-cooled heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the central air conditioner works as a water chilling unit; when the air-cooled heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the central air conditioner operates as a hot water unit. The central air conditioner is provided with a four-way reversing valve, and the flow direction of a refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle system is changed by switching the four-way reversing valve, so that two functions of cooling in summer and heating in winter are realized.
During refrigeration, the compressor operates to make the inside of the water-cooled heat exchanger (in this case, the evaporator) in an ultra-low pressure state, the liquid refrigerant in the water-cooled heat exchanger evaporates and absorbs heat rapidly, the temperature of water in the pipeline drops, and cold water is further sent to the water channel terminal 22 and exchanges heat in the water channel terminal 22 to cool the air. Taking the fan coil as an example, the air blown out by the fan is changed into cold air to be sent into the room. The refrigerant evaporated and gasified in the water-cooled heat exchanger is condensed into liquid state under the high-pressure environment in the air-cooled heat exchanger (at the moment, a condenser) after being pressurized by the compressor, releases heat, and dissipates the heat to the atmosphere through the outdoor fan, so that the refrigeration effect is achieved by the circulation. In heating, the gaseous refrigerant is pressurized by the compressor to become high-temperature and high-pressure gas, enters the water-cooled heat exchanger (in this case, a condenser), is condensed, liquefied and released to become liquid, and simultaneously heats water in the pipeline, and hot water is further sent to the water channel terminal 22 and is subjected to heat exchange in the water channel terminal 22 to heat up air. The liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the throttling device, enters the air-cooled heat exchanger (an evaporator at the moment), is evaporated, gasified and absorbs heat to form gas, absorbs heat of outdoor air (the outdoor air becomes cooler) at the same time, becomes gaseous refrigerant, and enters the compressor again to start the next cycle.
As shown in fig. 1, the central air conditioner includes a plurality of air-cooling modules 11 and a plurality of waterway terminals 22. One or more compressors are provided in each air-cooling module 11. The compressor is a compressor with adjustable capacity and is supplied with alternating current through the frequency conversion device. When the output frequency of the frequency conversion device changes, the rotating speed of the compressor changes, and different air conditioning capacities are realized. An outdoor unit main board is disposed in the air cooling module 11, and the outdoor unit main board is preferably configured to carry a local controller, and the local controller is configured to drive the frequency conversion device to work, receive and process sampling signals of various sensors and realize necessary communication functions. The number of local controllers may be set to be the same as the number of air-cooling modules 11, or may be set to be the same as the number of compressors, or all the compressors may be driven by one local controller. The local controller is preferably implemented by a processing chip, such as a single chip or other integrated circuit having input/output ports as well. The air cooling module 11 is provided with a wire controller 13 in a matching manner, and the wire controller 13 is provided with a display interface for controlling starting and stopping and performing other operations. In this embodiment, the central air conditioner is further provided with a cloud control platform 30. The cloud control platform 30 is in communication connection with the local controller. The cloud control platform 30 can adjust (open or close) the number of compressors to be put into operation at any time along with the change of the external load, so that the refrigerating capacity of the unit and the external heat load are synchronously increased and decreased to achieve the optimal matching. The unit is always operated at optimum efficiency. In each air cooling module 11, two compressors are usually designed into two independent refrigeration circuits, and the cloud control platform 30 can automatically make the refrigeration circuits sequentially operate in a stepping mode. When maintenance is needed, the backup air cooling module 11 can be started to perform local maintenance, and the operation reliability of the whole unit is improved. Because the compressor in each air-cooled module 11 in the modular air-cooled chiller is started or closed one by one, the impact influence of the starting current on the surrounding power grid is small, and the capacity of the power distribution equipment is small. Specifically, the cloud control platform 30 performs a number of steps as shown in fig. 3.
Step S100: and acquiring the working states of the plurality of waterway terminals. The working state of the waterway terminal mainly comprises the opening and closing state of the waterway terminal, the set temperature of the started waterway terminal, the current room temperature of an air-conditioning room, and the like. The environmental parameters of the central air conditioner are known by acquiring the working states of the waterway terminals, and the acquired working states of the waterway terminals are used as the basis for evaluating the external heat load of the central air conditioner.
Step S200: and predicting and calculating the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load. And (4) forecasting the use output rate required to be achieved by the air cooling module combination in the future through cloud computing according to the working states of the plurality of waterway terminals acquired in the step S100.
Step S300: and determining the air cooling module to be put into operation according to the predicted and calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of the available compressors to be operated so as to synchronously increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load and achieve the optimal matching.
Through the steps, the cloud control platform collects data through the cloud, obtains the operating parameters of the water channel terminal, predicts the use output rate required to be reached through the air cooling module combination in the future through complex loading and unloading calculation based on a multi-parameter data model of the cloud control platform, further determines the air cooling module to be put into operation according to the use output rate calculated through prediction, and directly sends a control instruction to the air cooling module to control the number of available compressors to be put into operation, so that the optimal efficiency load output of the unit is realized, and the service life of the unit is prolonged. In a most preferred manner, the above steps S100 to S300 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may also be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may also be performed by the local controller.
In the central air conditioner, the outdoor unit main board is preferably mounted with a remote communication module. Alternatively, the remote communication module may communicate with the cloud control platform 30 based on a conventional 4G network, or communicate through a 5G network. In a preferred embodiment, the NB-IoT wireless communication module 12 is selected as the remote communication module. The air-cooled module 11 provided with the NB-IoT wireless communication module 12 is accessed to an NB-IoT network and communicates with the cloud control platform 30 via the NB-IoT network.
The water path terminal 22 is provided with an indoor unit main board on which a local processor is mounted. The local processor is configured to receive detection signals of various sensors for detecting parameters of the indoor environment, such as the indoor ambient temperature and the like. The local processor is optionally in communication connection with the local controller in the air cooling module 11, and outputs the received detection signal to the local controller, and uploads the detection signal to the NB-IoT network via the local controller, and finally outputs the detection signal to the cloud control platform 30. Or, a remote communication module is also mounted on the indoor unit motherboard, the remote communication module arranged on the indoor unit motherboard can also communicate with the cloud control platform 30 based on a traditional 4G network or through a 5G network, or an NB-IoT wireless communication module 21 is selected, and the waterway terminal 22 mounted with the NB-IoT wireless communication module 21 is accessed to the NB-IoT network and communicates with the cloud control platform 30 via the NB-IoT network.
Communication data in the NB-IoT network is shown in fig. 2. After the air cooling module 11 and/or the waterway terminal 22 are powered on, the data are reported through the NB-IoT wireless communication module 12 in the air cooling module 11, or through the NB-IoT wireless communication module 12 in the air cooling module 11 and the NB-IoT wireless communication module 12 in the waterway terminal 22, respectively. The base station eNB31 in the NB-IoT network uploads data to the carrier core network 32 and from the carrier core network 32 to the NB-IoT platform 33. The NB-IoT platform 33 pushes to the cloud control platform 30 after discovering that there is new data. The cloud control platform 30 receives the new data and updates the database, and then starts a new thread to issue a priority instruction of the cloud control platform 30, and transmits the priority instruction to the base station eNB31 through the operator core network 32. Base station eNB31 begins addressing air-cooled module 11 and/or waterway terminal 22 and receives responses output by air-cooled module 11 and/or waterway terminal 22. After receiving the response output by the air cooling module 11 and/or the waterway terminal 22, the base station eNB31 uploads the received response to the operator core network 32, and uploads the response to the cloud control platform 30 via the NB-IoT platform 33. The cloud control platform 30 may communicate with all air-cooled modules 11 and/or waterway terminals 22 in the access NB-IoT network. The cloud control platform 30 may also be provided with a human-computer interaction interface or further be in communication connection with other intelligent appliances or mobile terminals. Mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, computers, tablets, cell phones, personal digital assistants, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, and the like.
With reference to fig. 4, a detailed flow of a preferred embodiment of the cloud control platform when acquiring the operating states of the plurality of waterway terminals is described below. When the working states of the waterway terminals are acquired, the cloud control platform is configured to execute a plurality of steps as shown in fig. 4.
Step S101: obtaining the current room temperature T of the air-conditioning room where all waterway terminals in the starting state are located in the current sampling period according to the set sampling frequencyi_room_k(n-1), wherein k represents a waterway terminal in a starting-up state, and k is a positive integer; n represents a sampling period. The on-off state of the waterway terminal can be acquired through a control terminal which is in communication connection with the waterway terminal and correspondingly matched with the waterway terminal, and the control terminal can be a wire controller or a starting terminal. The current room temperature is measured by a temperature sensor provided at the return air inlet of the waterway terminal (e.g., a ducted air conditioner).
Step S102: acquiring set temperatures T of all waterway terminals in a starting state in a current sampling period according to a set sampling frequencys_room_k(n-1). The set temperature of the waterway terminal can be acquired through the control terminal which is in communication connection with the waterway terminal and is correspondingly matched with the waterway terminal. Set temperature represents air-conditioned room that user hopesTo the desired temperature.
Step S103: calculating the temperature difference between the set temperature and the current room temperature in the current sampling period aiming at each waterway terminal in the starting state, and recording as the set temperature difference delta Tmpk(n-1)；
ΔTmpk(n-1)＝|Ti_room_k(n-1)-Ts_room_k(n-1)|；
The set temperature difference represents the external heat load required to be adjusted by the waterway terminal in the starting state.
Step S104: calculating the variation trend of the set temperature difference corresponding to two continuous set sampling periods, and recording as the variation trend Q of the set temperature differenceΔk(n)：
QΔk(n)＝ΔTmpk(n)-ΔTmpk(n-1)；
And setting the temperature difference variation trend to represent the variation trend of the external heat load required to be adjusted by the corresponding water path terminal.
When the working states of the plurality of waterway terminals are obtained, the cloud control platform can be configured to sample other parameters such as the comfort level of a user in an air-conditioning room and the humidity of the air-conditioning room, so that the judgment on the change trend of the external heat load is more accurate. In a most preferred manner, the above steps S101 to S104 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may also be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may also be performed by the local controller.
After the variation trend of the external heat load is obtained, the cloud control platform is further configured to predict and calculate the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, when the cloud control platform predicts and calculates the output rate of the air-cooling module matched with the external heat load, the cloud control platform executes a plurality of steps shown in fig. 5.
Step S201: forecasting and calculating the demand output rate delta Sum of each waterway terminal matched with the external heat load in the current sampling periodk(n) of (a). Required output rate Δ Sumk(n) preferably calculated using a PID controller integrated in the cloud control platform.
ΔSumk(n)＝(ΔTmpk(n)×Kp+QΔk×Ki+Kd)×RP_k(ii) a Wherein KpIs a proportionality coefficient, KiIs the integral coefficient, KdIs a differential coefficient. Kp、KiAnd KdThe initial values of (a) were determined under experimental conditions. Placing a plurality of waterway terminals under standard working conditions (such as 29 ℃ of indoor temperature in summer), and adjusting Kp、KiAnd KdSo that the indoor temperature reaches 26 ℃, and K is obtained at the momentp、KiAnd KdWriting into PID controller as initial value, and continuously aligning K in subsequent usep、KiAnd KdSelf-learning and correction are performed. For example, in a certain continuous sampling period, the indoor temperature fluctuation of the air-conditioning room where the waterway terminal is positioned is obvious, namely, K can be reducedp(ii) a If the fluctuations are relatively small, K can be adjusteddThe control effect is maintained. RP_kFor example, taking the ducted air conditioner as an example, if the corresponding capacity is 1.5 p, the capacity coefficient of the waterway terminal is 1.5. And the capacity coefficient of the waterway terminal is written in advance and stored in the cloud control platform. For example, when the waterway terminal leaves a factory, the data table in which the hardware codes and the capacity coefficients of the waterway terminal are in one-to-one correspondence is written into the cloud control platform for being called at any time. Of course, the aforementioned parameters may also be written in a separate memory communicatively connected to the cloud control platform.
Step S202: calculating the Sum delta Sum of the demand output rates of all the waterway terminals in the starting state in the current sampling periodtotal(n)：
Figure BDA0003488358160000091
Sum of demand output rates of all waterway terminals in the starting state is delta SumtotalAnd (n) represents the required output rate required to be met by the complete machine.
Step S203: calculating the average required output rate Δ Sumaverage(n)
Figure BDA0003488358160000101
Average demanded output rate Δ SumaverageAnd (n) represents the demand output rate of each waterway terminal in the starting state in theory under the external heat load change rule in the current sampling period.
Step S204: in general, the external thermal load does not have a large jump or fluctuation, so after the required output rate of each waterway terminal in the startup state under the external thermal load change rule in the current sampling period is calculated, the output rate sum (n) of the air cooling module matched with the external thermal load in the current sampling period can be predicted and calculated:
Sum(n)＝Sum(n-1)+ΔSumaverage(n)
it should be noted that, for the sake of convenience in calculating the number of the loading and unloading compressors, the required output rate is preferably in percentage. For example, if Δ Sum is calculatedaverage(n) is 8.5, and in the calculation, the value of Δ Sum is calculatedaverage(n) was noted as 8.5%. In the conversion, the output rate Sum (n-1) of the air-cooled module in the above one cycle is regarded as 100%.
In a most preferred manner, the above steps S201 to S204 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may also be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may also be performed by the local controller.
Fig. 6 provides a more preferable data model of the cloud control platform in predicting the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load, wherein the weather parameters acquired by the cloud control platform are merged. Specifically, the cloud control platform performs a number of steps as shown in fig. 6.
Step S211: obtaining outdoor ambient temperature Ta. The outdoor ambient temperature is measured by a temperature sensor provided in the air-cooling module or acquired in communication with a server of the meteorological department.
Step S212: calculating temperature correction systemNumber Wa，Wa＝((Ta- α) x g) + h, where α is the seasonal reference temperature and g and h are constants. For summer, for example, α is optionally set to 25 ℃, g is 0.002, and h is 1.
Step S213: the ambient humidity H is obtained. The ambient humidity may be measured by a humidity sensor.
Step S214: calculating the humidity correction factor Wh，WhWhere β is the seasonal reference humidity, and g and H are constants ((H- β) × g) + H. Taking summer as an example, the optional setting of β is 55%.
The seasonal reference temperature alpha and the seasonal reference humidity beta represent temperature and humidity which can save energy while taking comfort into account.
The cloud controller may also obtain a weather type coefficient W according to the weather type (e.g., sunny/rainy/cloudy/snowy)tAnd using the weather type coefficient WtCorrection of temperature correction coefficient WaAnd/or humidity correction factor WhI.e. the product of the two is calculated to include the weight of the weather type.
Step S215: using temperature correction coefficient WaAnd/or humidity correction factor WhCorrecting the demand output rate delta Sum of each waterway terminal matched with the external heat loadk(n) obtaining a corrected demanded output rate Δ Sumk′(n)：
ΔSumk′(n)＝ΔSumk(n)×Wa×Wh
Step S216: calculating the sum of the corrected demand output rates of all the waterway terminals in the starting state in the current sampling period
Figure BDA0003488358160000111
Step S217: calculating the corrected average demand output rate Δ Sumaverage′(n)
Figure BDA0003488358160000112
Step S218: predicting and calculating the output rate Sum' (n) of the air cooling correction module matched with the external heat load in the current sampling period
Sum′(n)＝Sum′(n-1)+ΔSumaverage′(n)
Through the steps, the output rate Sum' (n) of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load in the current sampling period is calculated, the weight of the optimal temperature, humidity, season and weather type considering both comfort and energy-saving performance is included, and the calculation precision is obviously improved.
In a most preferred manner, the above steps S211 to S218 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may also be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may also be performed by the local controller.
When the air cooling module to be put into operation is determined according to the predicted and calculated output rate of the air cooling module and the number of available compressors to be put into operation is controlled so that the total refrigerating capacity is synchronously increased, decreased and matched with the external heat load, optionally, the cloud control platform executes a plurality of steps as shown in fig. 7.
Step S301: and calling the output rate Sum (n) of the air cooling module corresponding to the current sampling period or correcting the output rate Sum' (n) of the air cooling module. The air-cooled module output rate Sum (n) or the corrected air-cooled module output rate Sum' (n) is in percentage.
Step S302: calculating the sum S of the equivalent compressor capacities of all the air cooling modules,
Figure BDA0003488358160000121
wherein C isa(l) Representing the capacity factor of each compressor, and m is the number of compressors available in all air-cooled modules. Coefficient of capacity C of each compressoraBased on the minimum capacity calculation of the available compressors, which is the ratio of the current compressor capacity to the minimum capacity among the available compressors, it is a dimensionless number.
Step S303: and calculating the equivalent number M (n) of compressors which are put into operation in the current sampling period, wherein M (n) is S multiplied by Sum (n) or M (n) is S multiplied by Sum' (n). So that the loading and unloading of the available compressors can be controlled based on the equivalent number of compressors m (n).
In a most preferred manner, the above steps S301 to S303 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may also be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may also be performed by the local controller.
When multiple compressors are arranged in each air cooling module, the use of the central air conditioner is optimized in consideration of balancing the use time of each air cooling module and each available compressor. In a preferred mode, when the air cooling module which is put into operation is determined according to the output rate of the air cooling module calculated through prediction and the number of available compressors which are put into operation is controlled so that the total refrigerating capacity is synchronously increased, decreased and matched with the external heat load, the cloud control platform authorizes all available compressors in the air cooling module to be classified. As shown in fig. 8, the divided hierarchy includes a master hierarchy 100, a module hierarchy 200 and a slave hierarchy 300, wherein the master hierarchy 100 includes at least one master unit 101, the module hierarchy 200 includes at least one module unit 201, and the slave hierarchy 300 includes at least one slave unit 301. The slave unit 301 comprises at least one available compressor, the modular unit 201 comprises at least one slave unit 301, and the master unit 101 comprises at least one modular unit 201. By the structure, all available compressors can be incorporated into the main unit and reasonably planned and distributed, the module units and the slave units can be divided and allocated according to actual use conditions, such as use time and capacity, the limitation of physical division is overcome, and allocation is more flexible. The cloud control platform can update the division of each module unit and/or slave unit in the hierarchy at the end of each set sampling period, can update the division of each module unit and/or slave unit in the hierarchy at the start of each central air conditioner, and can keep the division of each module unit and/or slave unit in the hierarchy unchanged within a certain time.
As shown in fig. 9, after the hierarchical division is completed, the cloud control platform is configured to perform a plurality of steps as shown in fig. 9.
Step S411: calculating a weighted calculation value X for each slave unitp：Xp＝mq×sr×TtWherein m isqRatio of operating slave unit to all slave units in air cooling module in which slave unit is located, srRatio of compressors to all compressors put into operation from the unit, TtIs the run time of the slave unit.
Step S412: and sequencing the weighted calculation values of all the slave units, and if the equivalent compressor number M (n) which is calculated to be put into operation in the current sampling period is positive and is greater than 1, putting one available compressor in one slave unit with the smallest weighted calculation value into operation.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, after the hierarchical division is completed, the cloud control platform is configured to perform a plurality of steps as shown in fig. 10.
Step S421: calculating a weighted calculation value X for each slave unitp：Xp＝mq×sr×TtWherein m isqRatio of operating slave unit to all slave units in air cooling module in which slave unit is located, srRatio of compressors to all compressors put into operation from the unit, TtIs the run time of the slave unit.
Step S422: and sequencing the weighted calculation values of all the slave units, and if the equivalent compressor number M (n) which is calculated to be put into operation in the current sampling period is negative, closing one operation compressor in one slave unit with the largest weighted calculation value.
Taking the step-by-step compressor addition as an example, referring to fig. 11, the cloud control platform sequentially executes the following steps.
Step S501: calculating a weighted calculation value X for each slave unitp。
Step S502: and sequencing the weighted calculation values of all the slave units, and as the equivalent compressor number M (n) put into operation in the current sampling period is positive and greater than 1, putting one available compressor in one slave unit with the smallest weighted calculation value into operation and recording the capacity coefficient of the available compressor put into operation.
Step S503: after an available compressor in a slave unit with the smallest weighted calculation value is put into operation, the equivalent compressor number is corrected to a first corrected equivalent compressor number M1’(n)；
M1’(n)＝M(n)-Ca1(ii) a Wherein C isa1Is the capacity factor of the available compressors put into operation.
Similarly, if one running compressor in the slave unit with the largest weighted calculation value is closed, the equivalent compressor number is corrected to the second corrected equivalent compressor number M2’(n)；
M2’(n)＝M(n)+Ca2(ii) a Wherein C isa2The capacity factor of the available compressor for shutdown.
Step S504: updating and calculating the ratio m of the operating slave unit to all slave units in the air cooling module in which the slave unit is positionedqAnd the ratio s of compressors put into operation from the unit to all compressorsr。
Step S505: further judging the number M of the first correction equivalent compressors1' (n) is 1 or more, that is, whether the step increasing condition is satisfied. Or the like, judging a second corrected equivalent compressor number M2' (n) is equal to or less than-1, i.e., whether the less-stepped condition is satisfied. If yes, the steps S501 to S505 are executed in a circulating mode from the step S501 until the stepping increasing condition or the stepping decreasing condition is not met any more, and the cloud control platform sends the running instructions of the available compressors to the air cooling modules through the wireless communication modules to control the running of the compressors.
In a most preferable mode, the steps S411 to S412, the steps S421 to S422, and the steps S501 to S505 are all performed by the cloud control platform, and in some alternative embodiments, when the computing capability of the local controller meets the requirement, a part of the operations may be performed by the cloud control platform, and another part of the operations may be performed by the local controller.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A central air conditioner comprising:
the air cooling system comprises a plurality of air cooling modules, a compressor and a controller, wherein one or more compressors are arranged in the air cooling modules; and
the water path terminals are respectively in fluid connection with the air cooling module;
it is characterized in that the central air conditioner further comprises:
the cloud control platform is in communication connection with the air cooling module; the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
acquiring working states of a plurality of waterway terminals;
predicting and calculating the output rate of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load; and
and determining the air cooling module in operation according to the predicted and calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of available compressors in operation so as to increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load synchronously.
2. The central air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein:
when the working states of the plurality of waterway terminals are acquired, the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
obtaining the current room temperature T of the air-conditioning room where all waterway terminals in the starting state are positionedi_room_k(n-1)；
Acquiring set temperatures T corresponding to all waterway terminals in a starting states_room_k(n-1)；
Calculating the temperature difference between the set temperature and the current room temperature for each waterway terminal in the starting state, and recording as the set temperature difference delta Tmpk(n-1)：ΔTmpk(n-1)＝|Ti_room_k(n-1)-Ts_room_k(n-1)|；
Calculating the set temperature difference corresponding to two continuous set sampling periodsIs recorded as the set temperature difference variation trend QΔk(n)：QΔk(n)＝ΔTmpk(n)-ΔTmpk(n-1)；
Wherein k represents a waterway terminal in a starting state, and k is a positive integer; n represents a sampling period.
3. The central air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein:
in predicting an air-cooled module output rate that matches an external heat load, the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
forecasting and calculating the demand output rate delta Sum of each waterway terminal matched with the external heat load in the current sampling periodk(n)：
ΔSumk(n)＝(ΔTmpk(n)×Kp+QΔk×Ki+Kd)×RP_k；
Wherein KpIs a proportionality coefficient, KiIs the integral coefficient, KdIs a differential coefficient, RP_kThe capacity coefficient of the waterway terminal;
calculating the Sum delta Sum of the demand output rates of all the waterway terminals in the starting state in the current sampling periodtotal(n)：
Figure FDA0003488358150000021
Calculating the average required output rate Δ Sumaverage(n)：
Figure FDA0003488358150000022
Predicting and calculating the output rate Sum (n) of the air cooling module matched with the external heat load in the current sampling period:
Sum(n)＝Sum(n-1)+ΔSumaverage(n)。
4. the central air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein:
in predicting an air-cooled module output rate that matches an external heat load, the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
obtaining outdoor ambient temperature Ta；
Calculating the temperature correction coefficient Wa，Wa＝((Ta- α) x g) + h, where α is the seasonal reference temperature, g and h are constants;
acquiring the environmental humidity H;
calculating the humidity correction factor Wh，Wh(ii) ((H- β) × g) + H, where β is the seasonal reference humidity, and g and H are constants;
using temperature correction coefficient WaAnd/or humidity correction factor WhCorrecting the demand output rate delta Sum of each waterway terminal matched with the external heat loadk(n) obtaining a corrected demanded output rate Δ Sumk′(n)：
ΔSumk′(n)＝ΔSumk(n)×Wa×Wh；
Calculating the Sum delta Sum of the corrected demand output rates of all the water path terminals in the starting state in the current sampling periodtotal′(n)：
Figure FDA0003488358150000031
Calculating the corrected average demand output rate Δ Sumaverage′(n)：
Figure FDA0003488358150000032
And predicting and calculating the output rate Sum' (n) of the correction air cooling module matched with the external heat load in the current sampling period:
Sum′(n)＝Sum′(n-1)+ΔSumaverage′(n)。
5. central air-conditioner according to claim 3 or 4,
when determining an air cooling module to be put into operation according to the predicted calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of available compressors to be put into operation so as to synchronously increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load, the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
calling the output rate Sum (n) of the air cooling module corresponding to the current sampling period or correcting the output rate Sum' (n) of the air cooling module;
calculating the sum S of the equivalent compressor capacities of all the air cooling modules,
Figure FDA0003488358150000033
wherein C isa(l) Representing the capacity coefficient of each compressor, wherein m is the number of the available compressors in all the air cooling modules;
calculating the number M (n) of equivalent compressors which are put into operation in the current sampling period, wherein M (n) is S multiplied by Sum (n) or M (n) is S multiplied by Sum' (n);
wherein the air-cooling module output rate Sum (n) or the corrected air-cooling module output rate Sum' (n) is counted in percentage.
6. The central air conditioner according to claim 5,
each air cooling module is provided with a plurality of compressors;
when determining an air cooling module to be put into operation according to the predicted calculated output rate of the air cooling module and controlling the number of available compressors to be put into operation so as to synchronously increase and decrease the total refrigerating capacity and the external heat load, the cloud control platform is configured to perform one or more of the following operations:
classifying all available compressors in the air-cooled modules, wherein the classified stages comprise a master stage, a module stage and a slave stage, the master stage at least comprises one master unit, the module stage at least comprises one module unit, and the slave stage at least comprises one slave unit; the slave unit at least comprises one available compressor, the module unit at least comprises one slave unit, and the master unit at least comprises one module unit;
calculating a weighted calculation value X for each slave unitp：
Xp＝mq×sr×Tt；
Wherein m isqRatio of operating slave unit to all slave units in air cooling module in which slave unit is located, srRatio of compressors to all compressors put into operation from the unit, TtIs the run time of the slave unit;
sorting the weighted calculation values of all the slave units, and putting an available compressor in one slave unit with the smallest weighted calculation value into operation; or the one of the slave units with the largest weighted calculation value is turned off.
7. The central air conditioner according to claim 6, wherein:
after an available compressor in a slave unit with the smallest weighted calculation value is put into operation, the equivalent compressor number is corrected to a first corrected equivalent compressor number M1′(n)：
M1′(n)＝M(n)-Ca1；
Wherein C isa1Capacity factor for available compressors put into operation;
after one running compressor in the slave unit with the largest weighted calculation value is closed, the equivalent compressor number is corrected to a second corrected equivalent compressor number M2′(n)：
M2′(n)＝M(n)+Ca2；
Wherein C isa2Capacity factor of available compressors for shutdown;
updating and calculating the ratio m of the operating slave unit to all slave units in the air cooling module in which the slave unit is positionedqAnd the ratio s of compressors put into operation from the unit to all compressorsr；
Determining the number M of the first modified equivalent compressors1' (n) or a second modified equivalent compressor number M2' (n) whether a step increase or step decrease condition is satisfied;
if it is satisfied withStep up or step down condition, then self-calculating the weight calculation value X of each slave unitpAnd starting to circularly execute the operation.
8. The central air conditioner according to claim 5,
capacity coefficient C of compressoraIs the ratio of the current compressor capacity to the minimum capacity of the available compressors.
9. The central air conditioner according to claim 1,
the air cooling module includes:
a local controller configured to drive the compressor to work; and
the local controller is configured to be in communication connection with a cloud control platform through the remote communication module.
10. The central air conditioner according to claim 9,
the remote communication module is an NB-IoT wireless communication module.
CN202210088865.2A 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Central air conditioner Active CN114413428B (en)

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CN108709287A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-10-26 广东迪奥技术有限公司 A kind of air-conditioning system cooling load prediction method and the strategy of handpiece Water Chilling Units team control
CN111102691A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-05-05 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 Module combined air conditioning system
CN113326651A (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-08-31 北京建筑大学 Refrigerating station load and energy efficiency ratio dynamic modeling method based on T-S fuzzy model

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CN101218789A (en) * 2005-07-04 2008-07-09 Vkr控股公司 System comprising at least a master unit and a plurality of slave units
JP2012242053A (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-12-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Refrigeration air conditioning system
CN108709287A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-10-26 广东迪奥技术有限公司 A kind of air-conditioning system cooling load prediction method and the strategy of handpiece Water Chilling Units team control
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