CN114412476A - Tunnel construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114412476A CN114412476A CN202111635983.2A CN202111635983A CN114412476A CN 114412476 A CN114412476 A CN 114412476A CN 202111635983 A CN202111635983 A CN 202111635983A CN 114412476 A CN114412476 A CN 114412476A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel construction method, which comprises the steps of determining geological information of a tunnel; detecting a geological health of the tunnel; preprocessing the tunnel according to the geological information and the geological health condition; acquiring the construction position of the tunnel, and selecting a corresponding construction mode according to the construction position and the geological information; and excavating the tunnel by the construction mode. According to the technical scheme, the safety control construction method for the asymmetric unilateral super-close-connection multi-arch tunnel of the newly-built tunnel is based on the premise of obtaining the address information and the geological health condition of the tunnel. The safety control system is suitable for various newly-built tunnels and construction projects such as super-close existing operation tunnels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel construction method.
Background
The existing tunnel approach construction safety control technology is mostly single-side approach, the control method is single, and blasting amount reduction and a multi-step reservation core method are mostly adopted. In the prior art, comprehensive safety protection systems such as surrounding rock disturbance control, dynamic monitoring feedback and the like are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a tunnel construction method, and aims to solve the technical problem that a comprehensive safety protection system such as surrounding rock disturbance control, dynamic monitoring feedback and the like is lacked in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel construction method, including:
determining geological information of a tunnel;
detecting a geological health of the tunnel;
preprocessing the tunnel according to the geological information and the geological health condition;
acquiring the construction position of the tunnel, and selecting a corresponding construction mode according to the construction position and the geological information;
and excavating the tunnel by the construction mode.
Optionally, the step of determining geological information of the tunnel comprises:
analyzing the landform and the geology of the tunnel by adopting a geological analysis method;
detecting the unfavorable geology of the tunnel according to a TSP203 advanced address forecasting system;
acquiring the positions of faults and underground water under the tunnel according to a geological radar;
producing the geological information from the landform, the geology, the unfavorable geology, the fault, and the groundwater location.
Optionally, after the step of obtaining the positions of the fault and the groundwater in the tunnel according to the geological radar, the method further includes:
and drilling the tunnel through a drilling machine, and acquiring the water outlet point position, the flow, the water pressure, the water temperature and the water outlet state of the tunnel.
Optionally, the step of detecting the geological health of the tunnel comprises:
acquiring cracks of the tunnel;
detecting the loosening condition of equipment in the tunnel;
detecting the vibration speed of the tunnel;
detecting structural deformation and stress of the tunnel;
producing the geological health from the fracture, the loosening condition, the vibration velocity, the structural deformation, and the stress.
According to the technical scheme, the safety control construction method for the asymmetric unilateral super-close-connection multi-arch tunnel of the newly-built tunnel is based on the premise of obtaining the address information and the geological health condition of the tunnel. The safety control system is suitable for various newly-built tunnels and construction projects such as super-close existing operation tunnels.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a tunnel construction method, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a first embodiment of the tunnel construction method of the invention, and the tunnel construction method includes the following steps:
step S10: determining geological information of a tunnel;
step S20: detecting a geological health of the tunnel;
step S30: preprocessing the tunnel according to the geological information and the geological health condition;
step S40: acquiring the construction position of the tunnel, and selecting a corresponding construction mode according to the construction position and the geological information;
step S50: and excavating the tunnel by the construction mode.
In this embodiment, the address information is first obtained, and the geological analysis method includes two methods, namely geological survey and geological sketch of the tunnel excavation surface. Geological survey: the method for surveying the landform and the geology and combining the geological reasoning has targeted supplementary data. Geological sketch of a tunnel excavation surface: after each cycle of excavation, the geological forecaster carries out faithful investigation and record on the geological condition of the tunnel excavation surface and collects necessary data.
In addition, the unfavorable geology in the range of 100m to 200m in front of the tunnel face is predicted by a TSP203 advanced geology prediction system and a TSP203 tunnel geology advanced prediction system. The system utilizes the characteristics of reflected waves generated by seismic waves in uneven stratums and processes the reflected waves through special data processing software, so that the geological conditions of the area in front of and around the tunnel face are accurately forecasted. And immediately analyzing and processing the measurement data on a construction site after the forecasting operation is finished, promptly and quickly providing relevant decision information required by the next tunnel construction, and giving a preliminary evaluation result within 8h after the forecasting operation is finished. And the forecasting result visually displays the geological conditions in a certain range in front of and around the tunnel face of the tunnel in a graph and table mode.
In addition, the forecasting distance is 10-30 m through an address radar, and the American SIR series geological radar is adopted. The geological radar method adopts 1 antenna to transmit high-frequency electromagnetic waves and 1 antenna to receive reflected waves from an underground medium interface, and can deduce geological conditions such as underground water, faults and influence zones thereof which are unfavorable to construction by analyzing the received reflected waves.
In addition, a geological drilling machine is adopted for the advanced exploration hole, the diameter is 110mm, the length is 20-30 m, the length of the protection section is not less than 10m, and 3 drill holes are arranged on the same section. During drilling, the drilling speed, coring condition, water outlet position, flow rate, water pressure, water temperature, water outlet state and the like are recorded in detail. The characteristics and geological information parameters of the front geologic body are fully mastered, and the construction safety is ensured by adjusting the construction method. In addition, an infrared detection mode is adopted, the effective forecast distance is within 30m, and the overlapping length of two times before and after continuous forecast is larger than 5 m. Is suitable for determining the existence and the direction of water in front by shaping.
After geological information and address health conditions are obtained, comprehensive advanced geological forecast is adopted, so that newly-built tunnel excavation supporting measures can timely follow geological changes, the construction efficiency is improved to 85% from the conventional tunnel shortage of 40%, the construction safety is greatly improved, and the accident probability is reduced.
The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out advance support on a rock mass before excavation, adopting phi 50 multiplied by 5mm advance small guide pipes to carry out pre-grouting, arranging the small guide pipes and the axis of a tunnel at an angle of 45 degrees, carrying out excavation and primary support after grouting reaches the strength, and then arranging anchor rods on middle rock-sandwiched pillars. D25 hollow grouting anchor rods are adopted as anchor rods, and the distance between the V-level surrounding rock shallow buried sections is 80cm multiplied by 100 cm. One end of the anchor rod is locked through the steel base plate, the other end of the anchor rod is anchored in the rock body and grouted, and prestress is applied after grouting reaches design strength. In order to not damage the anchor rod supporting system of the existing western-ring tunnel, the distance between the anchoring end of the anchor rod and the anchor rod of the existing tunnel is kept to be a clean rock mass protective layer of 1m, and the anchor rod body of the existing tunnel is ensured not to be damaged. The aim of stabilizing the rock mass is achieved through the reinforcement treatment of the middle clamping rock column.
Before the small guide pipe is grouted, concrete is sprayed for 3-5 cm to seal a tunnel face to serve as a grout stopping disc or an anchoring agent is adopted to fill a gap between a grouting pipe and a rock face, and the grouting sequence follows the principle of 'grouting from two sides to the middle', and 'jumping hole grouting'. To prevent the slurry from mixing and running, four small ducts are simultaneously filled by the slurry separator. The grouting hole position is accurate, the positioning deviation is less than 5cm, and the deviation of the hole bottom is not more than 1 to 2 percent of the hole depth. In the process of pipe jacking construction operation, some broken stones and chips can be mixed into the pipe, and high-pressure air and water is used for purging before grouting construction. The grouting equipment adopts a high-pressure grouting pump and grouting slurry, and the grouting pressure is generally 0.5-1 MPa. Impurities such as paper scraps and the like are strictly prevented from being mixed into the slurry during slurry mixing, the mixed slurry is filtered, and the slurry which is not filtered is strictly prevented from entering a pump body to prevent blockage. In the grouting process, attention is paid to the pressure change conditions of the pump port and the orifice at any time, and problems are found and treated in time. Drilling and grouting recording are made, and a basis is provided for analyzing the grouting effect. After grouting, the pump body and the pipeline are cleaned thoroughly to ensure that the next grouting is carried out safely and smoothly. And in the grouting construction process, if the tunnel face leaks slurry, the tunnel face is plugged in time by using linen. In order to reduce the influence of construction on the existing tunnel, the vibration effect in blasting construction is strictly controlled, and a measure combining mechanical excavation and blasting is selected.
And excavating the tunnel in a normal section of the tunnel by adopting an upper step drilling and blasting method and a lower step drilling and blasting method, controlling the length of the steps within 10m, excavating one ring and supporting one ring, and applying an inverted arch in time after excavating the lower section to form a closed structure. The method is characterized in that a simple operation rack is adopted, YT-28 air guns are used for drilling holes, hydraulic pressure blasting is adopted, a plastic detonating tube is subjected to differential detonation of a non-electric millisecond detonator, and primary support of anchoring, net and spraying is carried out. For the section with small line spacing of tunnel blind holes and uncontrollable blasting vibration, adopting static crushing excavation of V-level surrounding rock, adopting grouting small conduit support, system anchor rod and multistep reservation of core soil method, and strictly controlling deformation of newly-built tunnel and existing operating tunnel
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A tunnel construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining geological information of a tunnel;
detecting a geological health of the tunnel;
preprocessing the tunnel according to the geological information and the geological health condition;
acquiring the construction position of the tunnel, and selecting a corresponding construction mode according to the construction position and the geological information;
and excavating the tunnel by the construction mode.
2. The tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining geological information of the tunnel comprises:
analyzing the landform and the geology of the tunnel by adopting a geological analysis method;
detecting the unfavorable geology of the tunnel according to a TSP203 advanced address forecasting system;
acquiring the positions of faults and underground water under the tunnel according to a geological radar;
producing the geological information from the landform, the geology, the unfavorable geology, the fault, and the groundwater location.
3. The tunnel construction method according to claim 2, wherein after the step of obtaining the positions of the fault and the groundwater under the tunnel according to the geological radar, the method further comprises:
and drilling the tunnel through a drilling machine, and acquiring the water outlet point position, the flow, the water pressure, the water temperature and the water outlet state of the tunnel.
4. The tunnel construction method of claim 1, wherein the step of detecting the geological health of the tunnel comprises:
acquiring cracks of the tunnel;
detecting the loosening condition of equipment in the tunnel;
detecting the vibration speed of the tunnel;
detecting structural deformation and stress of the tunnel;
producing the geological health from the fracture, the loosening condition, the vibration velocity, the structural deformation, and the stress.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111635983.2A CN114412476A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Tunnel construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111635983.2A CN114412476A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Tunnel construction method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114412476A true CN114412476A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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| CN202111635983.2A Pending CN114412476A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Tunnel construction method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002156459A (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-05-31 | Fujita Corp | Geologic survey method for existent tunnel and maintaining and managing method for existent tunnel using the same |
| CN106089217A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Major long tunnel rapid constructing method under complex geological condition |
| CN107391841A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-24 | 中铁十局集团第五工程有限公司 | Close on the safe construction method in the newly-built left and right tunnel in existing disease tunnel |
| CN112485823A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-12 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | High-efficiency comprehensive advanced geological prediction method |
| CN112943261A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-11 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Tunnel surrounding rock excavation construction method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111635983.2A patent/CN114412476A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002156459A (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-05-31 | Fujita Corp | Geologic survey method for existent tunnel and maintaining and managing method for existent tunnel using the same |
| CN106089217A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Major long tunnel rapid constructing method under complex geological condition |
| CN107391841A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-24 | 中铁十局集团第五工程有限公司 | Close on the safe construction method in the newly-built left and right tunnel in existing disease tunnel |
| CN112485823A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-12 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | High-efficiency comprehensive advanced geological prediction method |
| CN112943261A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-11 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Tunnel surrounding rock excavation construction method |
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