CN114410330A - Pyrolysis treatment process for waste tires - Google Patents
Pyrolysis treatment process for waste tires Download PDFInfo
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- CN114410330A CN114410330A CN202111664347.2A CN202111664347A CN114410330A CN 114410330 A CN114410330 A CN 114410330A CN 202111664347 A CN202111664347 A CN 202111664347A CN 114410330 A CN114410330 A CN 114410330A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
- C10B33/08—Pushers, e.g. rams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/06—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials combined with spraying with water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste tire pyrolysis treatment process, which comprises the following steps: (1) the waste tires enter a feeding crushing unit for crushing; (2) feeding the crushed materials into a pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis; high-temperature oil gas generated by pyrolysis enters a spraying cooling unit; solid slag enters a discharging unit; (3) directly spraying cooling water in a spraying cooling unit to reduce the temperature to 60-80 ℃, condensing water and a small amount of oil into liquid, and allowing the oil-water mixture to flow into a sewage settling unit; the non-condensable gas enters a non-condensable gas processing unit, and is processed to be used as supplementary fuel; (4) cooling the solid slag entering the discharging unit to 30-80 ℃ in a water cooling jacket mode; (5) and feeding the cooled solid slag into a discharge crushing unit, crushing the solid slag, feeding the crushed solid slag into a magnetic separation unit, magnetically separating iron wires in the magnetic separation unit, and feeding the residual carbon black into a warehouse. The invention can carry out pyrolysis treatment on the waste tires to recover oil products, iron wires and carbon black with high added values, thereby realizing resource utilization of solid wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a waste tire pyrolysis treatment process.
Background
The yield of the waste tires in China is in the forefront all over the world, and the utilization ways of the waste tires mainly comprise tire retreading, direct utilization, thermal decomposition, production of regenerated rubber, incineration and the like. However, with the continuous progress of science and technology, the market of tire retreading and regenerated rubber is smaller and smaller, the resource utilization rate of methods for burning, retreading and regenerating rubber is lower, and meanwhile, certain secondary pollution and resource waste are brought, so that the method is not a final solution. At present, pyrolysis treatment of waste tires is one of the best accepted ways, and has the advantages of large treatment capacity, no secondary pollution, high resource utilization rate and the like. Through years of development at home and abroad, various waste tire pyrolysis furnaces and processes are developed, but most of the waste tire pyrolysis furnaces are in a laboratory or a pilot-scale stage, industrial production operation is not realized, and even the existing industrial furnaces have the problems of low thermal efficiency, high cost, large dust amount, coking and blockage and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a waste tire pyrolysis treatment process.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
a waste tire pyrolysis treatment process comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing
The waste tires enter a feeding crushing unit for crushing;
the feeding crushing unit sequentially comprises a feeding bin, a crushing bin, a sealing bin and a distributing device which are communicated from top to bottom, and a discharge hole of the distributing device is communicated with a feed hole of the pyrolysis unit;
(2) pyrolysis
Feeding the waste tire material crushed by the feeding crushing unit into a pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis;
the interior of the pyrolysis unit is provided with a conveying device and a heating device, and the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the spray cooling unit through a high-temperature oil gas outlet; the discharge hole of the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the discharge unit;
the crushed waste tire materials are flatly laid on a conveying device in the pyrolysis device, move along with the conveying device, and are heated to 400-600 ℃ through a heating device, so that macromolecular organic matters are heated and decomposed, and the generated high-temperature oil gas enters a spraying cooling unit through a high-temperature oil gas outlet; solid slag produced by pyrolysis enters a discharging unit;
(3) spray condensation
The spray cooling unit comprises a spray tower, a filler is arranged in the spray tower, the top of the spray tower is communicated with a non-condensable gas treatment unit, and the bottom of the spray tower is communicated with a sewage settling unit;
high-temperature oil gas in the pyrolysis unit enters a spray tower, is directly sprayed and cooled by spraying cooling water to 60-80 ℃, water and a small amount of oil are condensed into liquid, and an oil-water mixture flows into a sewage settling unit through the bottom of the spray tower;
the non-condensable gas is discharged from the top of the spray tower, enters a non-condensable gas processing unit and is used as supplementary fuel after being processed;
(4) discharge cooling
A water-cooling jacket is arranged on the discharging unit; cooling solid slag entering the discharging unit in a water cooling jacket mode, and cooling the solid slag to 30-80 ℃;
(5) magnetic separation
The discharging unit is communicated with the discharging crushing unit, and the discharging crushing unit adopts a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series;
the discharging crushing unit is communicated with the magnetic separation unit, and the magnetic separation unit adopts a magnetic separator;
the cooled solid slag enters a discharge crushing unit and is crushed by a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series; and (3) feeding the crushed materials into a magnetic separation unit, magnetically separating iron wires in the magnetic separation unit, and feeding the residual carbon black into a warehouse.
Preferably, a primary shear type crushing structure, a star-shaped feeder and a secondary shear type crushing structure are sequentially arranged in the crushing bin from top to bottom;
after entering a feeding bin, the waste tires are firstly subjected to primary shearing and blocking through a primary shearing type crushing structure, then are quantitatively fed into a secondary shearing type crushing structure through a star-shaped feeder, and enter a sealed bin after being crushed into 10-50mm particles.
Preferably, a high-level gauge, a low-level gauge and an inert gas nozzle are arranged on the sealed storage bin;
the high-low level indicator enables materials to be always accumulated in the sealed storage bin, so that material sealing is realized; when a high material level is alarmed, the primary shearing type crushing structure and the secondary shearing type crushing structure are suspended, and when a low material level is alarmed, the primary shearing type crushing structure and the secondary shearing type crushing structure are started to continue feeding;
when the materials are piled up and blocked in the sealed storage bin, inert gas is introduced into the sealed storage bin through the inert gas nozzle.
Preferably, the distributing device adopts a shear distributing device, the shear distributing device comprises a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft which are arranged in parallel, first blades are arranged on the first rotating shaft at intervals, second blades are arranged on the second rotating shaft at intervals, and the first blades and the second blades are arranged in a staggered manner.
Preferably, the pyrolysis unit comprises a first thermal desorption section and a second thermal desorption section, the first thermal desorption section is positioned obliquely above the second thermal desorption section, and the first thermal desorption section is communicated with the second thermal desorption section through a feed opening;
the conveying device and the heating device are arranged in the first thermal resolution section and the second thermal resolution section, the conveying device adopts a fire grate, a crawler belt or a chain plate, and the heating device adopts a radiation plate or a radiation pipe.
Preferably, the inside of noncondensable gas processing unit is provided with the filler, is provided with noncondensable gas import in noncondensable gas processing unit's bottom, and noncondensable gas import is linked together with the gas outlet at spray column top, is provided with noncondensable gas export at noncondensable gas processing unit's top, and noncondensable gas exit linkage makes up fuel pipeline.
Preferably, the sewage sedimentation unit comprises a sedimentation shell, a first vertical partition plate and a second vertical partition plate are arranged in the sedimentation shell, the first vertical partition plate and the second vertical partition plate divide the interior of the sedimentation shell into a primary sedimentation area, a main sedimentation area and an oil product area, the main sedimentation area is positioned between the primary sedimentation area and the oil product area, and the height of the first vertical partition plate is higher than that of the second vertical partition plate;
a liquid inlet communicated with a liquid outlet at the bottom of the spraying tower is arranged at the upper position of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the primary sedimentation area, a sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the center of the main sedimentation area, and an oil outlet is arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the oil area.
Preferably, the sewage outlet is communicated with the sewage purification shell, the upper part of the sewage purification shell is communicated with the circulating water outlet, the circulating water outlet is connected with the circulating water conveying pipeline, and the bottom of the sewage purification shell is provided with the dust-containing sewage outlet.
Preferably, the discharging unit comprises a discharging shell, a solid slag conveying belt is arranged in the discharging shell, a solid slag inlet is formed in one end of the discharging shell, a solid slag outlet is formed in the other end of the discharging shell, and the water cooling jacket is arranged on the outer side of the discharging shell.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can carry out pyrolysis treatment on the waste tires to recover oil products, iron wires and carbon black with high added values, realizes resource utilization of solid wastes, and has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, low cost, environmental protection, no pollution and the like.
The device structure is further optimized, and the integration of crushing feeding, pyrolysis treatment and crushing discharging is realized; in the heat transfer mode, radiation heat transfer is adopted, so that the problem of coking and material blockage is greatly avoided; in the conveying mode, a conveying structure of a chain grate, a chain plate or a mesh belt is adopted, the crushed tire materials are flatly paved on a conveying device and are relatively static, rolling and extrusion are avoided, dust is greatly reduced, and high-temperature oil and gas pipelines are prevented from being blocked.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pyrolysis section of the feed in the apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the pyrolysis section of the apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a feed crushing section in the apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sealed bin in the device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the shear distributor of the apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
With the attached drawings, the waste tire pyrolysis treatment process comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing
The waste tires enter a feeding crushing unit I to be crushed.
The feeding crushing unit I sequentially comprises a feeding bin 1, a crushing bin 2, a sealing bin 3 and a distributing device 4 which are communicated from top to bottom, and a discharge hole of the distributing device 4 is communicated with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis unit.
(2) Pyrolysis
And feeding the waste tire materials crushed by the feeding crushing unit into a pyrolysis unit II for pyrolysis.
And a conveying device 501 and a heating device 502 are arranged in the pyrolysis unit II, and the pyrolysis unit II is communicated with the spray cooling unit III through a high-temperature oil gas outlet 503. And a discharge port of the pyrolysis unit II is communicated with the discharge unit VI, and a water-cooling jacket 905 is arranged on the discharge unit VI.
The crushed waste tire materials are flatly laid on a conveying device 501 in the pyrolysis device, move along with the conveying device, and are heated to 400-600 ℃ through a heating device 502, so that macromolecular organic matters are heated and decomposed, and the generated high-temperature oil gas enters a spray cooling unit III through a high-temperature oil gas outlet. And solid slag produced by pyrolysis enters a discharging unit VI.
(3) Spray condensation
The spray cooling unit III comprises a spray tower 6, a filler 601 is arranged in the spray tower, the top of the spray tower is communicated with a non-condensable gas treatment unit V, and the bottom of the spray tower is communicated with a sewage settling unit IV through a spray water outlet 602.
And (3) allowing the high-temperature oil gas in the pyrolysis unit to enter a spray tower, directly spraying cooling water for cooling to 60-80 ℃, condensing water and a small amount of oil into liquid, and allowing the oil-water mixture to flow into a sewage settling unit from the bottom of the spray tower.
And (4) discharging the non-condensable gas from the top of the spray tower, entering a non-condensable gas treatment unit V, and treating the non-condensable gas to be used as a supplementary fuel.
(4) Discharge cooling
And a discharge port of the pyrolysis unit II is communicated with the discharge unit VI, and a water-cooling jacket 905 is arranged on the discharge unit VI. And cooling the solid slag entering the discharging unit in a water cooling jacket mode, and cooling the solid slag to 30-80 ℃.
(5) Magnetic separation
The discharging unit VI is communicated with the discharging crushing unit VII, and the discharging crushing unit VII adopts a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series. And the discharging crushing unit VII is communicated with a magnetic separation unit VIII, and the magnetic separation unit VIII adopts a magnetic separator.
The cooled solid slag enters a discharge crushing unit and is crushed by a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series; and (3) feeding the crushed materials into a magnetic separation unit, magnetically separating iron wires in the magnetic separation unit, and feeding the residual carbon black into a warehouse.
As a further design of the invention, a primary shear type crushing structure 201, a star-shaped feeder 202 and a secondary shear type crushing structure 203 are sequentially arranged in the crushing bin from top to bottom. The junked tires can be sheared to a suitable particle size by providing two or more stages of shear crushers at the top of the apparatus. Specifically, after entering a feeding bin, the waste tires are firstly subjected to primary shearing and blocking through a primary shearing type crushing structure, then are quantitatively fed into a secondary shearing type crushing structure through a star-shaped feeder, and enter a sealed bin after being crushed into 10-50mm particles.
Furthermore, a high level gauge 301, a low level gauge 302 and an inert gas nozzle 303 are arranged on the sealing material bin 3. The high-low level indicator 301 enables materials to be always accumulated in the sealed bin, so that material sealing is realized; when the high material level is alarmed, the first-stage shear type crushing structure and the second-stage shear type crushing structure are suspended, and when the low material level is alarmed, the first-stage shear type crushing structure and the second-stage shear type crushing structure are started to continue feeding. When the materials are piled up and blocked in the sealed storage bin, inert gas is introduced into the sealed storage bin through the inert gas nozzle 303.
Further, the distributing device 4 adopts a shear distributing device, the shear distributing device comprises a first rotating shaft 401 and a second rotating shaft 402 which are arranged in parallel, first blades 403 are arranged on the first rotating shaft at intervals, second blades 404 are arranged on the second rotating shaft at intervals, and the first blades 403 and the second blades 404 are arranged in a staggered manner. Through set up the biplate axle of mutual meshing in shear type distributing device to epaxial blade all presents opposite promotion angle, makes behind the tire granule gets into dry-type shear type distributing device, can realize lateral shifting to both sides, in order to realize the even cloth of tire granule.
Further, the pyrolysis unit comprises a first thermal desorption section 504 and a second thermal desorption section 505, and the first thermal desorption section 504 is arranged obliquely above the second thermal desorption section 505. A particulate inlet 509 is provided at one end of the first thermal desorption stage 504, and the first thermal desorption stage 504 is communicated with the second thermal desorption stage 505 through a feed opening 5010. The conveying device 501 and the heating device 502 are arranged in a first thermal resolution section 504 and a second thermal resolution section 505, the conveying device 501 adopts a fire grate, a track or a chain plate, and the heating device 502 adopts a radiation plate or a radiation pipe. Pear rakes 506 can be further arranged above the first thermal resolution section 504 and the second thermal resolution section 505 at intervals so as to turn the conveyed materials above the conveying device to a certain degree and improve the uniformity of heating. And the tail parts of the conveying devices are provided with material sliding plates 507. A double-shaft discharging screw 508 is also arranged at the discharging port of the second thermal resolution section 505.
Further, the inside of the non-condensable gas processing unit is provided with a filler 701, the bottom of the non-condensable gas processing unit is provided with a non-condensable gas inlet 702, the non-condensable gas inlet is communicated with a gas outlet at the top of the spray tower, the top of the non-condensable gas processing unit is provided with a non-condensable gas outlet 703, and the non-condensable gas outlet is connected with a supplementary fuel conveying pipeline 704.
Further, the sewage sedimentation unit comprises a sedimentation shell 801, a first vertical partition plate and a second vertical partition plate are arranged inside the sedimentation shell 801, the first vertical partition plate and the second vertical partition plate divide the interior of the sedimentation shell into a primary sedimentation area 802, a primary sedimentation area 803 and an oil product area 804, the primary sedimentation area is located between the primary sedimentation area and the oil product area, and the height of the first vertical partition plate is higher than that of the second vertical partition plate. A liquid inlet communicated with a liquid outlet at the bottom of the spray tower is arranged at the upper position of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the primary sedimentation area, a sewage outlet 806 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the center of the main sedimentation area, and an oil outlet 807 is arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the oil area. The sewage outlet is communicated with a sewage purification shell 808, the upper part of the sewage purification shell is communicated with a circulating water outlet 809, the circulating water outlet is connected with a circulating water conveying pipeline, and the bottom of the sewage purification shell is provided with a dust-containing sewage outlet 805.
Furthermore, the discharging unit comprises a discharging shell 901, a solid slag conveying belt 902 is arranged in the discharging shell, a solid slag inlet 903 is arranged at one end of the discharging shell, a solid slag outlet 904 is arranged at the other end of the discharging shell, and the water cooling jacket 905 is arranged outside the discharging shell.
According to the invention, through reasonable design, the shearing crushing, the closed material homogenizing, the pyrolysis and the solid slag crushing are combined into a whole, so that the pyrolysis treatment integration of the waste tire is really realized. Two-stage or more stages of shearing crushers are arranged at the top of the device, waste tires are sheared to proper granularity, a top sealing bin 3 is arranged, and a material level alarm is arranged in the bin to realize material sealing. A shear type distributing device is arranged below the stock bin, and the tires are crushed into smaller particles, and meanwhile, the materials are uniformly distributed. The tire particles after being crushed and distributed enter the pyrolysis furnace, are flatly laid on the chain grate, the chain plate or the caterpillar track, move forwards along with the chain grate, the chain plate or the caterpillar track, and the materials are static relative to the chain grate, the chain plate or the caterpillar track, so that the rolling and the extrusion are avoided, and the dust amount in the furnace is very small. Heating devices such as radiant tubes or radiant plates are arranged above and below the chain grate, the chain plate or the crawler belt, the materials are subjected to radiation heat transfer and heat conduction heating, the tire particles can be heated to a set temperature, and the tire particles are not in contact with high-temperature components, so that the problem of coking and material blockage is greatly avoided. The material after the pyrolysis enters into the double-shaft discharging screw, and is placed in a tooth-like manner, so that the solid after the pyrolysis is crushed while the material is discharged.
After entering the feeding bin, the tires are primarily sheared into blocks by the primary shearing type crushing part and then are quantitatively fed into the secondary shearing type crushing part by the star-shaped feeder, the shearing teeth are more and smaller, and the massive tires can be further sheared and crushed into small-particle-size particles. If the tire is not enough crushed by the two-stage shearing, the number of the shearing crushers can be further increased according to the field situation so as to crush the tire into 10-50mm particles, and then the tire enters the sealed bin 3. Set up two material level alarm device of height in the sealed feed bin for there is the material to pile up in the sealed feed bin all the time, with this realization material seal, when high material level was reported to the police, the broken part of pause, when treating low material level and report to the police, start broken part and continue the feeding. Meanwhile, a plurality of inert gas nozzles 303 are arranged at the sealed storage bin to prevent the materials from being stacked and blocked and prevent air from entering the pyrolysis part. Tire granule carries out even cloth through shear type distributing device again, and shear type distributing device sets up a plurality of meshing formula blades on the one hand, further shears tire granule, reduces its granularity, and two-way setting simultaneously to make tire granule distribute evenly in the footpath. And then the mixture enters a pyrolysis part through a feed inlet, is flatly laid on an upper grate, a crawler belt or a chain plate, moves along with the grate, the crawler belt or the chain plate, further homogenizes the tire particles through a multi-stage plow harrow, heats the tire particles to a certain temperature through a radiation plate or a radiation pipe, and high-temperature oil gas generated by tire pyrolysis is discharged out of the furnace through a high-temperature oil gas outlet and enters subsequent units such as a spray cooling system and the like. The solid enters the second thermal desorption section through the upper sliding plate, is flatly laid on the lower grate, the crawler belt or the chain plate, is further heated and heated through the radiation plate or the radiation pipe, so that the tire is fully pyrolyzed, and the generated high-temperature oil gas is discharged through the high-temperature oil gas outlet. After pyrolysis, solid slag slides into the double-shaft discharging screw through the lower sliding plate and enters the discharging unit after being primarily crushed.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific application examples:
waste: waste tires in certain places;
the treatment process comprises the following steps: pyrolysis treatment
Pyrolysis temperature: 500 deg.C
After entering the feeding bin, the tires are primarily sheared into blocks through the primary shearing type crushing structure, and then are quantitatively fed into the secondary shearing type crushing structure through the star-shaped feeder, the shearing teeth are more and smaller, the massive tires can be further sheared and crushed into small-particle-size particles, and the small-particle-size particles are crushed into particles smaller than 20mm, and then enter the sealed bin. Set up two material level alarm device of height at sealed feed bin for there is the material to pile up all the time in the sealed feed bin, with this realization material seal, when high material level was reported to the police, the broken part of pause, when treating low material level and report to the police, start broken part and continue the feeding. Simultaneously, set up a plurality of inert gas shower nozzles in sealed feed bin department to prevent that the material from piling up the card material, prevent that the air from getting into the pyrolysis part. Tire granule again through shear type distributing device, set up a plurality of meshing formula blades on the one hand, further cut tire granule, reduce its granularity, two-way setting simultaneously to make tire granule distribute evenly in the footpath. The high-temperature oil gas produced by pyrolysis of the tire is discharged out of the furnace through a high-temperature oil gas outlet and enters a spray cooling system and other subsequent units. The solid enters the second thermal desorption section through the upper sliding plate, is flatly laid on the lower grate, the crawler belt or the chain plate, is further heated to about 500 ℃ through the radiation plate or the radiation pipe, so that the tire is fully pyrolyzed, and the generated high-temperature oil gas is discharged through the high-temperature oil gas outlet and enters the spray cooling system. The oil-water mixture flows into an oil-water separation device, and after gravity settling separation, the upper oil is sent into an oil tank to realize resource recovery. The non-condensable gas enters the non-condensable gas processing unit from the top of the spray tower, and can be used as supplementary fuel after liquid separation, desulfurization and pressurization. The sewage at the lower part is sent into a sewage sedimentation unit. After gravity settling separation in a sewage settling unit, upper clear water is used as circulating cooling water for spraying, and the residual sewage is discharged into a sewage tank and sent to a sewage treatment plant for disposal. After pyrolysis, solid slag slides into the double-shaft discharging spiral through the lower sliding plate, is primarily crushed and then enters the discharging unit, is cooled by adopting an indirect water-cooling jacket mode, and then enters the crushing unit after being cooled to 60 ℃, and further fully crushed and enters the magnetic separation unit. And (4) recovering iron wires in the solid slag through magnetic separation, and conveying the residual carbon black into a warehouse. The operation pressure in the furnace is micro-positive pressure, and the pressure of the hearth is controlled to be about 100 Pa. The temperature of the hearth is 550 ℃, the temperature of the material outlet is 500 ℃, the residence time of the molded balls in the furnace is 30min, and the residence time can be adjusted within the range of 20-120 min. After pyrolysis treatment of waste tires, 40% of oil products, 8% of iron wires and 15% of carbon black are recovered.
Parts not described in the above modes can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A waste tire pyrolysis treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing
The waste tires enter a feeding crushing unit for crushing;
the feeding crushing unit sequentially comprises a feeding bin, a crushing bin, a sealing bin and a distributing device which are communicated from top to bottom, and a discharge hole of the distributing device is communicated with a feed hole of the pyrolysis unit;
(2) pyrolysis
Feeding the waste tire material crushed by the feeding crushing unit into a pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis;
the interior of the pyrolysis unit is provided with a conveying device and a heating device, and the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the spray cooling unit through a high-temperature oil gas outlet; the discharge hole of the pyrolysis unit is communicated with the discharge unit;
the crushed waste tire materials are flatly laid on a conveying device in the pyrolysis device, move along with the conveying device, and are heated to 400-600 ℃ through a heating device, so that macromolecular organic matters are heated and decomposed, and the generated high-temperature oil gas enters a spraying cooling unit through a high-temperature oil gas outlet; solid slag produced by pyrolysis enters a discharging unit;
(3) spray condensation
The spray cooling unit comprises a spray tower, a filler is arranged in the spray tower, the top of the spray tower is communicated with a non-condensable gas treatment unit, and the bottom of the spray tower is communicated with a sewage settling unit;
high-temperature oil gas in the pyrolysis unit enters a spray tower, is directly sprayed and cooled by spraying cooling water to 60-80 ℃, water and a small amount of oil are condensed into liquid, and an oil-water mixture flows into a sewage settling unit through the bottom of the spray tower;
the non-condensable gas is discharged from the top of the spray tower, enters a non-condensable gas processing unit and is used as supplementary fuel after being processed;
(4) discharge cooling
A water-cooling jacket is arranged on the discharging unit; cooling solid slag entering the discharging unit in a water cooling jacket mode, and cooling the solid slag to 30-80 ℃;
(5) magnetic separation
The discharging unit is communicated with the discharging crushing unit, and the discharging crushing unit adopts a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series;
the discharging crushing unit is communicated with the magnetic separation unit, and the magnetic separation unit adopts a magnetic separator;
the cooled solid slag enters a discharge crushing unit and is crushed by a group of crushers or a plurality of groups of crushers connected in series; and (3) feeding the crushed materials into a magnetic separation unit, magnetically separating iron wires in the magnetic separation unit, and feeding the residual carbon black into a warehouse.
2. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing bin is sequentially provided with a primary shearing type crushing structure, a star-shaped feeder and a secondary shearing type crushing structure from top to bottom;
after entering a feeding bin, the waste tires are firstly subjected to primary shearing and blocking through a primary shearing type crushing structure, then are quantitatively fed into a secondary shearing type crushing structure through a star-shaped feeder, and enter a sealed bin after being crushed into 10-50mm particles.
3. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 2, characterized in that: a high-level charge level indicator, a low-level charge level indicator and an inert gas nozzle are arranged on the sealed storage bin;
the high-low level indicator enables materials to be always accumulated in the sealed storage bin, so that material sealing is realized; when a high material level is alarmed, the primary shearing type crushing structure and the secondary shearing type crushing structure are suspended, and when a low material level is alarmed, the primary shearing type crushing structure and the secondary shearing type crushing structure are started to continue feeding;
when the materials are piled up and blocked in the sealed storage bin, inert gas is introduced into the sealed storage bin through the inert gas nozzle.
4. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distributing device adopts shear type distributing device, and shear type distributing device includes parallel arrangement's first pivot and second pivot, and the interval is provided with first blade in first pivot, and the interval is provided with the second blade in the second pivot, and first blade and second blade are staggered arrangement.
5. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pyrolysis unit comprises a first thermal desorption section and a second thermal desorption section, the first thermal desorption section is positioned obliquely above the second thermal desorption section, and the first thermal desorption section is communicated with the second thermal desorption section through a feed opening;
the conveying device and the heating device are arranged in the first thermal resolution section and the second thermal resolution section, the conveying device adopts a fire grate, a crawler belt or a chain plate, and the heating device adopts a radiation plate or a radiation pipe.
6. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of noncondensable gas processing unit is provided with the filler, is provided with noncondensable gas import in noncondensable gas processing unit's bottom, and noncondensable gas import is linked together with the gas outlet at spray tower top, is provided with noncondensable gas export at noncondensable gas processing unit's top, and noncondensable gas exit linkage supplyes fuel pipeline.
7. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sewage sedimentation unit comprises a sedimentation shell, wherein a first vertical partition plate and a second vertical partition plate are arranged inside the sedimentation shell, the first vertical partition plate and the second vertical partition plate divide the interior of the sedimentation shell into a primary sedimentation area, a main sedimentation area and an oil product area, the main sedimentation area is positioned between the primary sedimentation area and the oil product area, and the height of the first vertical partition plate is higher than that of the second vertical partition plate;
a liquid inlet communicated with a liquid outlet at the bottom of the spraying tower is arranged at the upper position of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the primary sedimentation area, a sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the center of the main sedimentation area, and an oil outlet is arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation shell corresponding to the oil area.
8. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 7, characterized in that: the sewage outlet is communicated with the sewage purification shell, the upper part of the sewage purification shell is communicated with the circulating water outlet, the circulating water outlet is connected with the circulating water conveying pipeline, and the bottom of the sewage purification shell is provided with a dust-containing sewage outlet.
9. The pyrolysis treatment process of the waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharging unit comprises a discharging shell, a solid slag conveying belt is arranged in the discharging shell, a solid slag inlet is formed in one end of the discharging shell, a solid slag outlet is formed in the other end of the discharging shell, and the water cooling jacket is arranged on the outer side of the discharging shell.
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| JP2003253280A (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Yamanaka Co Ltd | Solid fuel |
| US20100249353A1 (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-09-30 | Recycling International Petroleum Products Inc. | Method of Reclaiming Carbonaceous Materials From Scrap Tires and Products Derived Therefrom |
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