CN114409180A - Rural sewage treatment system and method based on A/O coupling artificial wetland - Google Patents

Rural sewage treatment system and method based on A/O coupling artificial wetland Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114409180A
CN114409180A CN202111602501.3A CN202111602501A CN114409180A CN 114409180 A CN114409180 A CN 114409180A CN 202111602501 A CN202111602501 A CN 202111602501A CN 114409180 A CN114409180 A CN 114409180A
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subsurface flow
vertical subsurface
tank
constructed wetland
flow constructed
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甘雁飞
周正兵
张骏
郭玉祥
陆剑
杜成祥
张恩波
成杰
李嘉辉
徐磊
彭光明
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CCCC Shanghai Dredging Co Ltd.
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CCCC Shanghai Dredging Co Ltd.
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Priority to CN202111602501.3A priority Critical patent/CN114409180A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/163—Nitrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses a rural sewage treatment system based on an A/O coupling constructed wetland, which comprises a treatment area, a pretreatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the pretreatment unit and the post-treatment unit are arranged in the treatment area; the pretreatment unit comprises an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank; the post-treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank, a rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a deep adsorption tank; the post-processing unit is divided into a left post-processing unit and a right post-processing unit by arranging a longitudinal partition wall between the middle of the second common wall and the middle of the rear end wall; the left post-treatment unit consists of a left sedimentation tank, a left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a left deep adsorption tank; the right rear treatment unit consists of a right sedimentation tank, a right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a right deep adsorption tank. The invention also discloses a rural sewage treatment method. The invention has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect, small occupied area and continuous operation.

Description

Rural sewage treatment system and method based on A/O coupling artificial wetland
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a rural sewage treatment system and method based on an A/O coupling artificial wetland.
Background
In recent years, rural domestic sewage treatment is currently an important task. The rural domestic sewage mainly comprises toilet sewage, kitchen sewage and the like, the sewage contains a large amount of organic and inorganic pollutants, pathogenic microorganisms and the like, and the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD is high. The phenomenon of disordered discharge of rural domestic sewage is very obvious, and the problem of serious rural environmental pollution is easily caused. Therefore, how to develop a method which can effectively collect and treat rural domestic sewage, stably run and discharge the rural domestic sewage up to the standard and has lower cost has great practical significance for improving the treatment effect of the rural domestic sewage.
The A/O method and the traditional artificial wetland are two common processes in sewage treatment, wherein the A/O method mainly depends on the growth and adhesion of microorganisms on fillers to carry out sewage treatment; the traditional artificial wetland process realizes sewage treatment mainly under the combined synergistic action of fillers, microorganisms and aquatic plants. However, the following problems are found in using both processes: the effect of biofilm formation by microorganisms is poor, and the effect of sewage treatment is limited; when the wetland is blocked, operation faults are caused, the treatment efficiency is low, the effluent quality is unstable, the operation cost is high, and secondary pollution is easily caused by excess sludge and plant wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a rural sewage treatment system and method based on an A/O coupling constructed wetland, which have the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect, small occupied area and continuous operation.
One technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: a rural sewage treatment system based on an A/O coupling constructed wetland comprises a rectangular treatment area, a pre-treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the rectangular treatment area is formed by a front end wall, a rear end wall, a left side wall and a right side wall in a surrounding mode, and the pre-treatment unit and the post-treatment unit are sequentially arranged in the treatment area from front to back; the pretreatment unit comprises an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank; the post-treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank, an ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a deep adsorption tank; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the top elevation of the anaerobic tank, the top elevation of the aerobic tank, the top elevation of the sedimentation tank, the top elevation of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the top elevation of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the top elevation of the deep adsorption tank are the same; the elevation of the bottom of the anaerobic tank, the elevation of the bottom of the aerobic tank and the elevation of the bottom of the sedimentation tank are the same; the bottom elevation of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the bottom elevation of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the bottom elevation of the deep adsorption tank are the same and are positioned at the middle lower part of the sedimentation tank;
the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are separated by a first common wall, and the top of the first common wall is hollowed; the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are separated by a second common wall; the sedimentation tank and the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are separated by a third common wall; the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are separated by a fourth common wall, and the top of the fourth common wall is hollowed; the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is separated from the deep adsorption tank by a fifth common wall, and the bottom of the fifth common wall is hollowed;
an original sewage inlet is formed in the middle of the upper part of the front end wall; the middle of the upper part of the rear end wall is provided with an overflow water outlet;
the post-processing unit is divided into a left post-processing unit and a right post-processing unit by arranging a longitudinal partition wall between the middle of the second common wall and the middle of the rear end wall; the left post-treatment unit consists of a left sedimentation tank, a left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a left deep adsorption tank; the right rear treatment unit consists of a right sedimentation tank, a right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a right deep adsorption tank;
the anaerobic tank is internally provided with a combined filler;
the aerobic tank is internally provided with a suspended filler, and the bottom of the suspended filler is provided with a micropore aeration device;
the upper part of the second public wall and the left sedimentation tank and the right sedimentation tank are provided with a left adjustable water outlet and a right adjustable water outlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the elevation of the left adjustable water outlet and the elevation of the right adjustable water outlet are the same and lower than the elevation of the original sewage water inlet, and a left flow regulating valve and a right flow regulating valve are arranged on the left adjustable water outlet and the right adjustable water outlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the middle lower part of the third public wall is provided with a left water outlet and a right water outlet in one-to-one correspondence with the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland;
the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are respectively provided with a water distribution pipe, a pebble packing layer, a pyrite composite packing layer, a melon seed slice packing layer and canna from bottom to top in sequence; the water distribution pipes in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the water distribution pipes in the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are connected with the left water outlet and the right water outlet of the sedimentation tank in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the left-falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are respectively and sequentially provided with a microporous aeration device, a gravel packing layer, a novel synthetic packing layer, a sunflower seed slice packing layer and an iris from bottom to top;
and biomass charcoal adsorption fillers are respectively arranged in the left deep adsorption tank and the right deep adsorption tank.
The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland comprises an anaerobic tank, a modified hydroformylation silk biological filler, a filter and a filter.
The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland comprises an aerobic tank, a modified polyurethane biological filler, a filler ratio of the modified polyurethane biological filler to the aerobic tank is 40-80%.
In the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland, the thicknesses of the pebble packing layers in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland are 35-50 cm, and the particle size is 2-5 cm; the pyrite composite packing layer is formed by wrapping pyrite by non-woven fabrics, and the thickness of the pyrite composite packing layer is 50-70 cm; the thickness of the melon seed slice packing layer is 10-30 cm, and the particle size is 0.5-1.0 cm.
In the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland, the thickness of the melon seed packing layers in the left-falling vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and the right-falling vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland is 10-30 cm, and the particle size is 0.5-1.0 cm; the thickness of the novel synthetic filler layer is 50-70 cm; the thickness of the gravel packing layer is 30-45 cm, and the particle size is 0.2-3 cm.
The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland comprises a novel synthetic filler layer and a novel synthetic filler layer, wherein the novel synthetic filler layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass: 6 to 35 percent of modified fiber ball, 7 to 30 percent of granular carbon, 5 to 25 percent of iron shaving and 3 to 25 percent of modified ceramsite.
The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland is characterized in that the biomass carbon adsorption filler in the deep adsorption tank is obtained by carrying out heat treatment on residual sludge discharged from the sedimentation tank, withered canna in the ascending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and withered iris in the descending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland at the reaction temperature of 250-500 ℃ for 1.5-4 h, and then cooling, cleaning and drying the heat treatment product.
The other technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a rural sewage treatment method is implemented in the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland, and comprises the following steps:
step one, sewage enters an anaerobic tank from an original sewage inlet, anaerobic microorganisms are attached to the sewage through modified hydroformylation silk biological filler in the anaerobic tank, macromolecular organic pollutants in the sewage are decomposed into micromolecular organic pollutants, and anaerobic phosphorus release is carried out at the same time;
secondly, sewage enters the aerobic tank from the top of the first public wall, phosphorus in the sewage is fully absorbed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria growing and attached to suspended fillers in the aerobic tank, the phosphorus is transferred to sludge cells, nitrification reaction is fully performed under the action of nitrifying bacteria, part of organic matters are removed, the content of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic tank is 2mg/L through a microporous aeration device, and the activated sludge in the sewage is in a suspended state;
step three, the solid-liquid mixture in the aerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, the residual sludge after the solid-liquid separation is sunk to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the residual sludge is collected and discharged periodically;
step four, sewage containing nitrate radicals after solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank enters the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland from the bottom through a water distribution pipe from a water outlet at the middle lower part of a third public wall, electron donors are provided for autotrophic denitrification and denitrification through pyrite in the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, phosphorus is removed through iron phosphate precipitation, and nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are carried out again under the joint adsorption and microbial degradation effects of a pebble packing layer, a melon seed slice packing layer and canna;
step five, sewage enters the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland from the top of the fourth public wall; a novel synthetic packing layer in the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland forms a micro-electrolysis system, and electrochemical reaction is carried out under aerobic condition, and further nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are carried out under the combined action of the adsorption of a gravel packing layer and a melon seed slice packing layer and the absorption of the root system of the iris;
and step six, enabling the sewage to enter the deep adsorption tank from the bottom of the fifth public wall, adsorbing residual pollutants in the sewage by using the biomass charcoal adsorption filler in the deep adsorption tank, reducing turbidity and chroma, improving transparency until the water reaches the standard, and discharging the sewage from an overflow water outlet of the rear end wall after the water reaches the standard.
In the rural sewage treatment method, when the third step to the sixth step are carried out, the left post-treatment unit and the right post-treatment unit are selected to operate simultaneously, or the left post-treatment unit operates, or the right post-treatment unit operates according to the inflow of the original sewage.
The rural sewage treatment system and method based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland have the following characteristics:
(1) the treatment system has an integrated structure, fully utilizes space, occupies small area, can effectively reduce capital construction investment cost, is convenient to install and operate, and has long hydraulic retention time;
(2) aiming at the instability of rural domestic sewage discharge, the post-treatment unit is divided into a left post-treatment unit and a right post-treatment unit, the left post-treatment unit can be selected to operate or the right post-treatment unit can be selected to operate or the left post-treatment unit and the right post-treatment unit can be selected to operate simultaneously according to the size of inflow, when the right post-treatment unit operates, the left post-treatment unit enters a 'rest' state, and possible problems are solved and repaired simultaneously, so that the operation blockage is prevented, the continuous operation of a sewage treatment system is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is improved;
(3) compared with the conventional biological filler, the modified hydroformylation silk biological filler in the anaerobic tank of the treatment system can be attached with more anaerobic microorganisms, can decompose macromolecular organic pollutants in sewage into micromolecular organic pollutants, simultaneously carry out anaerobic phosphorus release, then enter the aerobic tank for aerobic phosphorus absorption, simultaneously carry out nitration reaction, remove partial organic matters and contain nitrate NO3 -The sewage directly enters the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the ferro-sulphur is taken as an electron donor, the carbon source is not required to be added, and a nitrification liquid internal reflux pipeline is not required to be arranged,the autotrophic denitrification is carried out, the operation cost is low, and meanwhile, the phosphate radical ions PO in the sewage4 3-The precipitation reaction is carried out under the action of iron ions, so that the content of nitrogen and phosphorus can be reduced; the sewage enters the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, and an electrochemical reaction is carried out under an aerobic condition through a micro-electrolysis system consisting of modified fiber balls, granular carbon, iron shavings and modified ceramic granules, and the effects of nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are further improved through the absorption of plant root systems;
(4) the sewage finally enters a deep adsorption tank, the biomass carbon adsorption filler in the deep adsorption tank is obtained by carrying out heat treatment on residual sludge discharged from a sedimentation tank, withered canna and iris at the reaction temperature of 250-500 ℃ for 1.5-4 h, and then cooling, cleaning and drying the mixture to obtain the biomass carbon adsorption material, so that the effluent is clear, the final effluent can stably reach the GB 3838-2002V water standard, and the recycling of waste products is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a rural sewage treatment system based on an A/O coupling constructed wetland of the invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rural sewage treatment system based on the a/O coupling constructed wetland of the present invention comprises a rectangular treatment area surrounded by a front end wall 1A, a rear end wall 1B, a left side wall 1C and a right side wall 1D, and a pre-treatment unit and a post-treatment unit sequentially arranged in the treatment area from front to back, wherein the pre-treatment unit comprises an anaerobic tank 1 and an aerobic tank 2; the post-treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank 3, a rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4, a falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 and a deep adsorption tank 6.
The top elevation of the anaerobic tank 1, the top elevation of the aerobic tank 2, the top elevation of the sedimentation tank 3, the top elevation of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4, the top elevation of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 and the top elevation of the deep adsorption tank 6 are the same; the elevation of the bottom of the anaerobic tank 1, the elevation of the bottom of the aerobic tank 2 and the elevation of the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3 are the same; the elevation of the bottom of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4, the elevation of the bottom of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 and the elevation of the bottom of the deep adsorption tank 6 are the same and are positioned at the middle lower part of the sedimentation tank 3.
The anaerobic tank 1 and the aerobic tank 2 are separated by a first common wall 10, and the top of the first common wall 10 is hollowed; the aerobic tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 3 are separated by a second common wall 20; the sedimentation tank 3 and the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4 are separated by a third common wall 30; the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4 and the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 are separated by a fourth common wall 40, and the top of the fourth common wall 40 is hollowed; the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 and the deep adsorption tank 6 are separated by a fifth common wall 50, and the bottom of the fifth common wall 50 is hollowed out.
The middle of the upper part of the front end wall 1A is provided with an original sewage inlet 101; the middle of the upper part of the rear end wall 1B is provided with an overflow water outlet 102.
The post-processing unit is divided into a left post-processing unit and a right post-processing unit by providing a longitudinal partition wall 60 between the middle of the second common wall 20 and the middle of the rear end wall 1D; the left post-treatment unit consists of a left sedimentation tank 3a, a left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4a, a left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5a and a left deep adsorption tank 6a, and the right post-treatment unit consists of a right sedimentation tank 3b, a right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4b, a right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5b and a right deep adsorption tank 6 b.
The anaerobic tank 1 is internally provided with a combined filler 11, the combined filler 11 is a modified hydroformylation silk biological filler, and the filling ratio is 60-90%.
The aerobic tank 2 is internally provided with a suspended filler 21 which is a modified polyurethane biological filler with a filling ratio of 40-80 percent, and the bottom of the suspended filler 21 is provided with a micropore aeration device 22.
The upper part of the second public wall 20 is provided with a left adjustable water outlet and a right adjustable water outlet in one-to-one correspondence with the left sedimentation tank 3a and the right sedimentation tank 3B, the elevation of the left adjustable water outlet and the elevation of the right adjustable water outlet are the same and lower than the elevation of the original sewage water inlet 1A, and a left flow regulating valve 2A and a right flow regulating valve 2B are correspondingly arranged on the left adjustable water outlet and the right adjustable water outlet.
The middle lower part of the third common wall 30 is provided with a left water outlet and a right water outlet corresponding to the left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4a and the right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4b one by one.
A water distribution pipe 41, a pebble packing layer 42, a pyrite composite packing layer 43, a melon seed slice packing layer 44 and a canna 45 are respectively arranged in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4a and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4b from bottom to top in sequence; the water distribution pipes 41 in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4a and the water distribution pipes 41 in the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4b are connected with the left water outlet and the right water outlet of the sedimentation tank 3 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the thickness of the pebble packing layer 42 is 35-50 cm, and the particle size is 2-5 cm; the pyrite composite packing layer 43 is formed by wrapping pyrite by non-woven fabrics, and the thickness of the pyrite composite packing layer is 50-70 cm; the thickness of the melon seed slice packing layer 44 is 10-30 cm, and the particle size is 0.5-1.0 cm.
The left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5a and the right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5b are respectively provided with a microporous aeration device 51, a gravel packing layer 52, a novel synthetic packing layer 53, a melon seed slice packing layer 54 and an iris 55 from bottom to top in sequence; the thickness of the gravel packing layer 52 is 30-45 cm, and the particle size is 0.2-3 cm; the thickness of the novel synthetic filler layer 53 is 50-70 cm, and the novel synthetic filler layer 53 is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass: 6 to 35 percent of modified fiber ball, 7 to 30 percent of granular carbon, 5 to 25 percent of iron shaving and 3 to 25 percent of modified ceramsite; the thickness of the melon seed slice packing layer 54 is 10-30 cm, and the particle size is 0.5-1.0 cm;
and biomass carbon adsorption fillers 61 are respectively arranged in the left deep adsorption tank 6a and the right deep adsorption tank 6b, and are obtained by performing heat treatment on residual sludge 31 discharged from the sedimentation tank 3, withered canna 45 in the ascending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 4 and withered iris in the descending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 5 at a reaction temperature of 250-500 ℃ for 1.5-4 h, and performing cooling, cleaning and drying.
The rural sewage treatment method is implemented in the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, sewage enters an anaerobic tank 1 from an original sewage inlet 101 on the front end wall of a treatment area, anaerobic microorganisms are attached to modified hydroformylation silk biological fillers in the anaerobic tank 1, macromolecular organic pollutants in the sewage are decomposed into micromolecular organic pollutants, and anaerobic phosphorus release is carried out at the same time;
secondly, sewage enters the aerobic tank 2 from the top of the first public wall 10, phosphorus in the sewage is fully absorbed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria growing and attached on a suspended filler 21 in the aerobic tank 2, the phosphorus is transferred to sludge cells, nitrification reaction is fully performed under the action of nitrifying bacteria, part of organic matters are removed, the content of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic tank 2 is 2mg/L through a microporous aeration device 22, and the activated sludge in the sewage is in a suspended state;
step three, the sewage in the aerobic tank 2 enters a sedimentation tank 3 for solid-liquid separation, the residual sludge 31 after the solid-liquid separation sinks to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3, and the residual sludge 31 is periodically collected and discharged;
step four, sewage containing nitrate radicals after solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank 3 enters the ascending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 4 from the bottom through a water distribution pipe 51 from a water outlet at the middle lower part of a third public wall, an electron donor is provided in the ascending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland 4 through a pyrite composite packing layer 43 to generate autotrophic denitrification, phosphorus is removed through generating iron phosphate precipitate, and nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are carried out again under the common adsorption and microbial degradation effects of the pebble packing layer 42, the melon seed slice packing layer 44 and the canna 45;
step five, sewage enters the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 from the top of the fourth common wall 40; the novel synthetic packing layer 53 in the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 forms a micro-electrolysis system, and carries out electrochemical reaction under aerobic condition, and further denitrogenates, dephosphorizes and decarbonizes under the combined action of the adsorption of the gravel packing layer 52 and the melon seed packing layer 55 and the root absorption of the iris 55
And step six, the sewage enters the deep adsorption tank 6 from the bottom of the fifth public wall 50, residual pollutants in the sewage are adsorbed by the biomass charcoal adsorption filler 61 in the deep adsorption tank 6, the turbidity and the chromaticity are reduced, the transparency is improved until the water reaches the standard, the sewage is discharged from the overflow water outlet 102 on the rear end wall 1B of the treatment area until the water reaches the standard, and meanwhile, the resource recycling of waste products is realized.
When the third step to the sixth step are carried out, the left post-treatment unit is selected to operate, or the right post-treatment unit is selected to operate, or the left post-treatment unit and the right post-treatment unit are selected to operate simultaneously according to the inflow of the original sewage; when the inflow flow of the original sewage is small, the left flow regulating valve 2A can be closed, and the right settling tank 3B, the right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4B, the right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5B and the right depth adsorption tank 6B of the right rear treatment unit operate, or the right flow regulating valve 2B operates by the left settling tank 3a, the left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4a, the left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 5a and the left depth adsorption tank 6a of the left post-treatment unit; when the right rear treatment unit operates, the left rear treatment unit enters a 'rest' state, and the problems possibly occurring in maintenance are solved, so that the operation blockage is prevented, the continuous operation of the sewage treatment system is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A rural sewage treatment system based on an A/O coupling constructed wetland comprises a rectangular treatment area, a pre-treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the rectangular treatment area is formed by a front end wall, a rear end wall, a left side wall and a right side wall in a surrounding mode, and the pre-treatment unit and the post-treatment unit are sequentially arranged in the treatment area from front to back; the pretreatment unit comprises an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank; the post-treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank, an ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a deep adsorption tank; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the top elevation of the anaerobic tank, the top elevation of the aerobic tank, the top elevation of the sedimentation tank, the top elevation of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the top elevation of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the top elevation of the deep adsorption tank are the same; the elevation of the bottom of the anaerobic tank, the elevation of the bottom of the aerobic tank and the elevation of the bottom of the sedimentation tank are the same; the bottom elevation of the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the bottom elevation of the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the bottom elevation of the deep adsorption tank are the same and are positioned at the middle lower part of the sedimentation tank;
the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are separated by a first common wall, and the top of the first common wall is hollowed; the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are separated by a second common wall; the sedimentation tank and the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are separated by a third common wall; the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are separated by a fourth common wall, and the top of the fourth common wall is hollowed; the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is separated from the deep adsorption tank by a fifth common wall, and the bottom of the fifth common wall is hollowed;
an original sewage inlet is formed in the middle of the upper part of the front end wall; the middle of the upper part of the rear end wall is provided with an overflow water outlet;
the post-processing unit is divided into a left post-processing unit and a right post-processing unit by arranging a longitudinal partition wall between the middle of the second common wall and the middle of the rear end wall; the left post-treatment unit consists of a left sedimentation tank, a left ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a left descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a left deep adsorption tank; the right rear treatment unit consists of a right sedimentation tank, a right ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a right descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a right deep adsorption tank;
the anaerobic tank is internally provided with a combined filler;
the aerobic tank is internally provided with a suspended filler, and the bottom of the suspended filler is provided with a micropore aeration device;
the upper part of the second public wall and the left sedimentation tank and the right sedimentation tank are provided with a left adjustable water outlet and a right adjustable water outlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the elevation of the left adjustable water outlet and the elevation of the right adjustable water outlet are the same and lower than the elevation of the original sewage water inlet, and a left flow regulating valve and a right flow regulating valve are arranged on the left adjustable water outlet and the right adjustable water outlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the middle lower part of the third public wall is provided with a left water outlet and a right water outlet in one-to-one correspondence with the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland;
the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are respectively provided with a water distribution pipe, a pebble packing layer, a pyrite composite packing layer, a melon seed slice packing layer and canna from bottom to top in sequence; the water distribution pipes in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the water distribution pipes in the right-rising vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are connected with the left water outlet and the right water outlet of the sedimentation tank in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the left-falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the right-falling vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland are respectively and sequentially provided with a microporous aeration device, a gravel packing layer, a novel synthetic packing layer, a sunflower seed slice packing layer and an iris from bottom to top;
and biomass charcoal adsorption fillers are respectively arranged in the left deep adsorption tank and the right deep adsorption tank.
2. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein the combined filler in the anaerobic tank is a modified hydroformylation silk biological filler, and the filling ratio is 60-90%.
3. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein the suspended filler in the aerobic tank is a modified polyurethane biological filler, and the filling ratio is 40-80%.
4. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland according to claim 1, wherein the pebble packing layers in the left-rising vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and the right-rising vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland have the thickness of 35-50 cm and the particle size of 2-5 cm; the pyrite composite packing layer is formed by wrapping pyrite by non-woven fabrics, and the thickness of the pyrite composite packing layer is 50-70 cm; the thickness of the melon seed slice packing layer is 10-30 cm, and the particle size is 0.5-1.0 cm.
5. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland according to claim 1, wherein the melon seed packing layers in the left-falling vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and the right-falling vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland have a thickness of 10-30 cm and a particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm; the thickness of the novel synthetic filler layer is 50-70 cm; the thickness of the gravel packing layer is 30-45 cm, and the particle size is 0.2-3 cm.
6. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling constructed wetland according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the novel synthetic filler layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass: 6 to 35 percent of modified fiber ball, 7 to 30 percent of granular carbon, 5 to 25 percent of iron shaving and 3 to 25 percent of modified ceramsite.
7. The rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland according to claim 1, wherein the biomass carbon adsorption filler in the deep adsorption tank is obtained by performing heat treatment on excess sludge discharged from the sedimentation tank, withered canna in the ascending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and withered iris in the descending vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland at a reaction temperature of 250-500 ℃ for 1.5-4 h, and then performing cooling, cleaning and drying.
8. The rural sewage treatment method is implemented in the rural sewage treatment system based on the A/O coupling artificial wetland according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, sewage enters an anaerobic tank from an original sewage inlet, anaerobic microorganisms are attached to the sewage through modified hydroformylation silk biological filler in the anaerobic tank, macromolecular organic pollutants in the sewage are decomposed into micromolecular organic pollutants, and anaerobic phosphorus release is carried out at the same time;
secondly, sewage enters the aerobic tank from the top of the first public wall, phosphorus in the sewage is fully absorbed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria growing and attached to suspended fillers in the aerobic tank, the phosphorus is transferred to sludge cells, nitrification reaction is fully performed under the action of nitrifying bacteria, part of organic matters are removed, the content of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic tank is 2mg/L through a microporous aeration device, and the activated sludge in the sewage is in a suspended state;
step three, the solid-liquid mixture in the aerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, the residual sludge after the solid-liquid separation is sunk to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the residual sludge is collected and discharged periodically;
step four, sewage containing nitrate radicals after solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank enters the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland from the bottom through a water distribution pipe from a water outlet at the middle lower part of a third public wall, electron donors are provided for autotrophic denitrification and denitrification through pyrite in the ascending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, phosphorus is removed through iron phosphate precipitation, and nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are carried out again under the joint adsorption and microbial degradation effects of a pebble packing layer, a melon seed slice packing layer and canna;
step five, sewage enters the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland from the top of the fourth public wall; a novel synthetic packing layer in the descending vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland forms a micro-electrolysis system, and electrochemical reaction is carried out under aerobic condition, and further nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are carried out under the combined action of the adsorption of a gravel packing layer and a melon seed slice packing layer and the absorption of the root system of the iris;
and step six, enabling the sewage to enter the deep adsorption tank from the bottom of the fifth public wall, adsorbing residual pollutants in the sewage by using the biomass charcoal adsorption filler in the deep adsorption tank, reducing turbidity and chroma, improving transparency until the water reaches the standard, and discharging the sewage from an overflow water outlet of the rear end wall after the water reaches the standard.
9. The rural sewage treatment method of claim 8, wherein when the third step to the sixth step are performed, the left post-treatment unit and the right post-treatment unit are selected to operate simultaneously, or the left post-treatment unit operates, or the right post-treatment unit operates, according to the inflow rate of the original sewage.
CN202111602501.3A 2021-12-24 2021-12-24 Rural sewage treatment system and method based on A/O coupling artificial wetland Pending CN114409180A (en)

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